ʻO ka mahiʻai mahiʻai

'Aiwi Maran: nāʻano, ka'ōlelo aʻo no ka mālamaʻana a me ka hānauʻana

Hiki paha i nā kānaka e hoʻohanaʻia ana i ka hānai iʻa ke makemake e aʻo e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o kēlāʻano henoma me Maran, no ka mea, i ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana i ka nui o kaʻohana, ua loaʻa iā lākou kekahi mau mea maikaʻi ma nā hua manu a me nāʻanoʻiʻo. E noʻonoʻo kākou i nāʻano koʻikoʻi o kā lākou mauʻike a me ka hoʻolohe i nā kūlana e pono ai e hoʻopaʻaʻia, a laila e hōʻoia ka mea nui loa.

Hōʻike a me nā hiʻona o ka pua

ʻO kēlā me kēiaʻano o nā holoholona a me nā manu, nona nāʻano pono'ī iho, i hiki i ka mea hoʻomohala ke koho no kona iho i nā meaʻoi loa o nā holoholona. ʻO nā moa maranāʻaʻole ia heʻokoʻa ma kēia mea, no ka mea, no ko lākouʻano maikaʻi a me ka huahua maikaʻi a ua lilo lākou i mea kaulana i ka nui o nā mahiʻai.

Kaomi

Ua hānauʻiaʻo Maranas no ka hoʻoikaikaʻana o nā mea hana Farani i hana i ka makahiki 1895 ma ke kūlanakauhaleʻo Maran. Me ka manaʻo he wahiʻino loa kēia, ua hoʻokumu mua kēia manu i nā mea kū'ēʻole i nāʻanoʻanoʻino mai ka "hānau" mai.

Ua hoʻonaniʻia kēiaʻili i kekahi makana gula ma kahi hōʻike manu i ka makahiki 1914 (i hoʻopaʻaʻia ma La Rochelle), a ma hope iho ua kūʻaiʻia aku ma Europe. Eia naʻe, ma Ukraine a me Rusia,ʻaʻohe mea iʻike e pili ana i kēia mau moa nani no ka manawa lōʻihi,ʻoiai e pono iaʻu ke'ōlelo aku i kēia manawa ua ulu nui lākou ma nā ululāʻau'āina.

Keʻike neiʻoe? Manaʻo nā kānakaʻepekema e noho ana ka moa mua, ka mea i lilo i ka moa ma hope mai, i Ethiopia ma kahi o 3,000 mau makahiki aku nei.

Kaʻikepili waho

I ka weheweheʻana i nāʻano o nā meaola nūnū,ʻo ka mea mua loa, pono ke nānāʻia ka nānāʻana i kaʻike a me ka uluʻana, no ka mea,ʻo kēia mau papahana keʻano nui i ka hana koho. No ka weheweheʻana o Maran, ua pili kēia mau mea iā lākou. nā hiʻohiʻona:

  • he mau mea āpau aʻoi paha ka nui o ka moa ma mua o ka moa moʻomeheu, a he 4 mau keneta a me ka kaumaha o nā hen ma kahi o 3 kg;
  • ʻO nā lālā a pau o kaʻohana he mau maka momona uila-ʻeleʻele, kahi huelo pokole (e kau ana ma ke kihi o 45 °), a me nā hulu pili pono;
  • ua hoʻonuiʻia keʻano o ke kino, a ua liʻiliʻi ke poʻo;
  • ua hoʻonuiʻia ka papahana mai ko lākou mau hen ma ka nui o ka lehu (ma ka'ā'ī) a ma ke kūʻana o nā apo pepeiao maikaʻi;
  • ʻO nā wāwae o ka manu heʻano liʻiliʻi, me nā manamana limaʻehā iʻikeʻia (ʻikeʻia ke keʻokeʻo mai ke keʻokeʻo i ke oho hina, e pili ana i kaʻula o nā hulu);
  • He poʻohiwi a he ākea nā poʻohiwi o ka moa, a ua uhi paʻaʻia ka'ā'ī lōʻihi i nā hulu, a, no ka lōʻihi o lākou, e hana i ka "maikaʻi" maikaʻi.
  • he'ōmaʻomaʻu kōmaʻomaʻu, a liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi, e nānā ikaika loa a ikaika hoʻi.

E heluhelu pū hoʻi e pili ana i ka hina hina, amrox, brahma, leggorn, Kuchinskaya jubilee, Poltava, Zagorskaya salmon, redbro, island rhode, pōhaku pōhaku adler.

Mālamaʻia nā'āpana o kēiaʻano puaʻa, nā mea likeʻole i nā manuʻokoʻa wale nō i ka nui: ma kēia hihia,ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe ka nui o nāʻelele ma mua o hoʻokahi kilogram (no nā roosters) a me 900 g no nā moa.

No nāʻanoʻokoʻa'ē aʻe, makemake koke wau eʻike i nā mea iʻikeʻia e like me keʻano o Maran, no ka mea, ua palekana lākou a ua mālie i nāʻelele o ka mea hānai,ʻoiai e hiki ke hana ikaika lākou ma kahi āpau.

'Ohanahana

Hiki paha ke mālama ponoʻia ka puaʻa i haʻiʻia i kaʻiʻo a me ka pua iʻa, no ka mea, ua hānaiʻia lākou no ka loaʻaʻana. Hiki i kahi papa ke lawe i kahi Huahelu 150 ma ka makahiki, aʻaneʻane kokoke iā lākou a pau i ke kokolekaleka a he nui ka'ōpū (ʻo ia kaʻili i kapaʻia ai kēia mau moa he "manu e halihali ana i nā huaʻeleʻele"). Hoʻokahi kaona ma ka liʻiliʻi mai 65 a 75 g a he kiʻekiʻe nui kona.

Keʻike neiʻoe? Ināʻoe e hilinaʻi i ka poʻe kumulāʻau, hoʻopouli ka'ōpū i ka hua manu, ka meaʻono aʻoi aku.

Pono e haʻiʻia kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ma ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka maran wale nō no ka meaʻai maʻamau loa, no ka mea, i loko o nā hua nui ko lākou nui nui. No ka manawa mua, hoʻomaka ka moa e hānau i ka pihaʻana o nā mahina he 5-6, akā i kēia manawa,ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o nā hua ma 55-60 g aʻaʻole paha heʻano maʻa. Ma hope o ka manawa pōkole, hoʻolakoʻia nā mea a pau.

Nā koho kala

ʻO nāʻano o ka momona eʻae iāʻoe eʻoluʻolu i kēia manu, no ka mea, me ka hoʻohuiʻana i kahi kino maikaʻi, hiki i nāʻelele ke haʻakei i ka nui o nā'ōmole. Ma waena o ke kuiako,ʻo nā poʻe me nāʻulaʻula-keleawe, kālā a me nā hulu keʻokeʻo, mahaloʻia, akāʻo ia ka koho mua loa e mahalo nuiʻia. ʻO nā hulu o kaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a me ke keleawe o ka pua (ʻo ia keʻano pinepine) heʻeleʻele loa ma luna, e hoʻoulu ana me ka "lei gula" ma ka'ā'ī, a he mau hiʻohiʻonaʻano nui hoʻi i nā'āpana gula'ōmaʻomaʻo ma ka umauma a me nā huluʻeleʻele ma ke kua. ʻO kekahi maranov i kapaʻia "nā kāpena gula". ʻO ko lākou'ōpuni like me ka hekoma, me nā huluʻeleʻele a me nā hulu gula. ʻO kēiaʻano o ke kala keʻano haʻahaʻa aʻoi aku i ka mahalo nuiʻia e nā mea hoʻohālike. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa ka mea i kapaʻia he kānana kānā. Ma kēia hihia, nā mea nui ʻO nā hulu nani'ōmaʻomaʻo e kū ana i waho o ka umauma a ma ka'ā'ī, a hens iʻikeʻia e ka'ōmole'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo,ʻoiai i kekahi mauʻano, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka laulā i ke gula-ʻulaʻula, i kekahi manawa me ka loleʻeleʻele. ʻAʻole kūlana kaulana nā māmā o keʻano'ōmaʻomaʻo o ka'ōpiopio, no ka mea,ʻaʻohe mea maikaʻi ma ko lākou hulu, akā ināʻikeʻoe iā ia,ʻaʻole ia e pili i ka hana.

ʻO ka koho koho maikaʻi loa "He kala Colombian": ma waho aʻe o nā hulu keʻokeʻo ma ke kino, aia kekahi "'āpana"ʻeleʻele i ka'ā'ī.

Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻO ka hoʻomoʻana o nā hua i loko o ke kino o ka moa e pili ana i kahi lā, a no kona helehelenaʻaʻole he moa.

Pehea e halaʻole ai ke kūʻai

Ke kūʻaiʻoe i ka maran, hiki iāʻoe ke hōʻoia e kūʻai anaʻoe i kahi manu me ka hana maikaʻi loa, i kākoʻoʻia e ka helehelena maikaʻi, akā,ʻo ka mea nui,ʻo ke kohoʻana i nā moa kūpono a pale i ka hoʻopunipuni.

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, he nui nā māla hānai, ma kaʻikeʻole aʻaʻole paha, ke hāʻawi pinepineʻia e like me nā lālā o ka hanauna o nā moaʻaʻole i pili iā ia, a i ka wā o ke kanaka makua,ʻaʻole lākou e loaʻa nāʻano o ka moʻilāwai i makemakeʻia. E pili ana ke kulekele nui o kēia kūʻai: e hele no nā manu wale nō i nā mea hōʻoia hōʻoiaʻiʻo aiʻole i nā mahiʻai kahi e kaliʻole ai ka hoʻonāukiuki iāʻoe. Eia kekahi, ponoʻoe e nānā pono i nāʻike o waho o ka maranov, no ka mea, aia kekahi mau mea i ka manawa o ke kanaka makua me ke kala keleaweʻaʻole ia he manawa pono o ka lālā, akā hiki wale ke loaʻa i ka hopena o kekahiʻanoʻano likeʻole.

Inā kūʻaiʻoe i nā hua wale no ka hoʻonuiʻiaʻana e ka pilina o ke kanaka, a laila koho i nā hōʻailona o ke kala'ulaʻolu momona, no ka mea he mea nui keʻikeʻia he mau "'ōmaʻomaʻo" o ka lāhui.

Hiki iā mākou e heluhelu e pili ana i nāʻano o nā moa: Minorca, Black Bearded, Sussex, Orpington, Russian White, Andalusian, Dominant, Kochinquin, Pākīpika, Nīnika, Broken Brown.

Nā kūlana o ka hoʻopaʻa

ʻOiai heʻano likeʻole nā ​​mele maikaʻi a me ka manaʻo maikaʻi loa i nā mea'ē aʻe o ka pūhui, he hana nui lākou,ʻo ia ke kumu e mālamaʻia ai i loko o ka hale paʻahao wale nō, akā, e hana mauʻia i nā meaʻai aiʻole i ka wā e paʻa ana i ka pā, akā, i mua o ka mauʻu.

ʻO ka mea maʻamau no ka mālamaʻana i nā moa o kēia'ōpū he ākea ākea āpauʻole. Me ka lōʻihi o ka nohoʻana i ka ea, piʻi ka nui o kā lākou huahua, a hoʻomaka lākou e holo ikaika.

He mea nui! ʻO ka wahi i kohoʻia no ka hale hoʻokipaʻole,ʻaʻole ia e hoʻolumalima, e like me nā mea hōʻeha kūpono i nā maʻi "moa" maʻamau eʻaeʻole i ka wela kiʻekiʻe.

Inā he lumi ka lumi ma luna o ka wahi i uhiʻia aʻaʻole hiki i ke kukui lā ke komo i loko - e mālama mua. maikaʻi maikaʻi (hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā kukui LED maʻamau), he mea kūpono ia no ka ulu mau a me ka uluʻana o nā manu. I ka hoʻoilo, e hoʻomālamalamaʻia ka moa moa no ka liʻiliʻi 10-11 mau hola, a laila ma kahi kiʻekiʻe ka hana a ka manu. E aho ka loaʻaʻana o ka papa lāʻau i loko o ka hale palaʻa; akā, e nui aʻe ka pilikia me ia, akā, eʻoi aku ka mālie o ka manu.

I ka welika, e pili ana i 4-5 mau hens i ka 1 m ² o ka hale.

Hiki i nā moa kūkiniʻole ke noho i loko o kāu pūnaewele: ke kaua a me ke kāhiko.

ʻO ka hānaiʻana i ka manaʻo

ʻO ka meaʻai kūpono kahi mea nui o ka mālama,ʻoiaʻiʻo, inā makemakeʻoe e loaʻa i kahi manu ola maikaʻi me ka nui o ka uluʻana a me ka nui o nā uku hua manu. I kaʻaiʻana o nā Lunamaka'āinana o ka pua Maran he huapalaoa (ʻo ka palaoa maikaʻi) a me nā kīʻahi'āpala, me ka hoʻohuiʻana i nāʻano huaʻaila.

ʻOiʻole,ʻaʻole kēia koi i ka meaʻai loa a hiki i kāna mauʻelele ke hānaiʻia i kaʻai like me nāʻano'ē aʻe. He mea nui e hoʻohui pinepine i ka meaʻai a me ka calcium i meaʻai, aʻo kekahi manawa e hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻopili i kāu mau mea pāʻani me ka iʻa i kōluaʻia a me ka meaʻai a me ka iwi. Ua lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o kaʻikeʻana o nāʻike ma kaʻoihana o nā manu lele. No laila, i kēlā lā i kēia lā, pono kaʻaiʻana i nā meaʻai e hiki ai ke hāʻawi iā lākou i ka ikehu i 300-320 kcalʻo ia hoʻi,ʻo ka meaʻai i loko o ia meaʻai he 20 g. No ka makahiki hoʻokahi, hiki i kahi moa keʻai i 40 kilokani o ka hānai hānai a me 15-20 kilo kiloheka, he mea nui ia no ka huahua.

E aʻo i ka hoʻonāʻana i nā mea hānai a me nā mea inu inu no nā moa.

He mea nui eʻike i keʻano o ka huaʻai e hāʻawiʻia i nā moa. E like me kā mākou i'ōlelo mua ai, makemake nā hipa i ka palaoa,ʻoiai e hiki ke hāʻawiʻia a me ka palaoa,ʻo ia ka kumu o nā huaʻaleʻa, akā he 6% ka momona (iʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kaʻaiʻana eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka'ōniu).

I kēlā manawa hoʻokahi, hiki i ka palaoa ke hāʻawi i nā manu me nā huaʻaola E a me B, a me nā meaʻai i loaʻa i ka nui o ka fiber,ʻo ia ke kuleana o ka uluʻana o ka plumage. He mea maikaʻi hoʻi inā 1/3 o ka palaoa e hoʻokomoʻia i loko o ka meaʻai i loko o ka papa hana.

He mea nui! Pono hoʻokahi ka moa i kēlā lā i kēia lā ma lalo o 250 ml wai.

Inā hikiʻoe i ka mea hānai puaʻa mua loa, a paʻakikī loa ka hoʻokeleʻana i nā meaʻai a pau o nā meaʻai likeʻole, a laila hiki iāʻoe ke hānai i ka maranov me ka mākaukau i hoʻomākaukauʻia, kahi e like me ka palekana o ka mālamaʻana i nā hens.

No laila, ma ka papahana maʻamau o kēia hana he 45% o ka palaoa, 12% o ka palaoa, 7% o ka palaoa bale a me kaʻaila kai, a me ka mauʻu, ka iʻa a me ka meaʻai a me ka iwi i loko o kahi o 4-5%. Aia i loko o ka hānai a me ka shell, ka hana kuʻona (e pili ana i 7%) a me ka paʻakai (0.3%). No ka'ōpala a me ka paila, pono mau i kāu manu e komo i laila. Ināʻole,ʻaʻole kūpono e kakali i nā huina hua manu nui loa, a me kaʻikeʻana o ka moa e hiki ke emi: no ka nele i ka puna i loko o ke kino, e hoʻomaka pinepine ana nā hulu e puka i waho aʻano mae ke kala.

I ka neleʻana o nā mea hana i hoʻomākaukauʻia,ʻo kāuʻoihana ke kiʻi i ka meaʻai ʻo kona mau'āpanaʻeono i kālaiʻia i ka palaoa,ʻekolu mau'āpana i hōʻiliʻili i nā hua'ōpala, aʻo kekahi hapa o nā mea likeʻole e like me keʻano o ka sila, ka hinucake oilflower, nā hua laʻa (ma keʻano kīpili), kaʻupena, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. Pono e weheweheʻia ka palaoa, aʻo nā mea i koe e hiki ke'āwili waleʻia me ka wai.

He mea nui! Mai hāʻawi i ka moa i ka berena hou. Eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea kuʻi i ka wai a hui pū me nā hua ulu. Pēlā pū, hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohui i nā meaʻualaʻuala me ka palaoa'ō.

Ka mālama a me ke olakino

Ma waho o ka hānaiʻana, pono e mālamaʻia ka manu me ka mālama pono. Hoʻomaopopo i ka holoi pono a me ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana o ka hale, ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i nā holoholona mai nā ilo a me nā'auwaʻa, ka ho'ōla mau o ka moa moa a me ka mahalo no ka mālamalama mālamalama i loko o ia mea: i ka hoʻoilo - no ka meaʻelua wale nō hola, ai ke kauwela - he manawa lōʻihi.

E hoʻolālāʻoe i kāu mau puaʻa "ka wai lepo" kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ko lākou hulu. ʻO ka maʻamau,ʻo ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o ka holoi (me kaʻoluʻolu o nā kānaka he 10 aʻoi i 5 mau mika) e hanaʻia i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia mau lā, akā me ka nui o nā moa e hana pinepineʻia kēia hana.

E nānā aʻaʻole i hāʻule ka mahana i loko o ka hale +15 º.

ʻO ka hānai i ka home

Hoʻomaka ka papa hana o nā huaʻano i ka kohoʻana o nā hōʻailona kūpono no kēia. Makemake ia e like lākou a pau a like ka nui ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o 65 g. No ka mālamaʻana i nāʻano pilikino,ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hāʻawiʻana i nā mea iʻoi aku ka pōʻeleʻele, aʻoi aku ka maikaʻi eʻike i kaʻano o ka moa mai lākou mai: inā he mea nui ia e pono ai e loaʻa i nā mākua nā pono o waho e pili pono ana i nā kūlana kū.

I ka hānauʻana o nā moa Maran,ʻo ka pilikia nui o ka hoʻopunipuni ka pohoʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a me ka iwi lahilahi i nā hua, no laila hikiʻole i nā moa nāwaliwali ke pale aku iā lākou i mea e hemo ai.

I ke kaʻina o ka hoʻomohuʻana i nā hua,ʻo ka'aepili he mea kūpono. Eʻike i keʻano o ia mea, he ahaʻoe e makemake ai a he aha nā pono āu e pono ai.

ʻO kēia ka mea e alakaʻi pinepine ai i ka makeʻana o nā moa, a no ka paleʻana i nā hopena maikaʻiʻole i ka hapaʻelua o ka hoʻopunipuni, pono e hoʻolakoʻia nā hua me ka makani maikaʻi (e kōkua kēia hana i ke kāpaeʻana o nā moa mai kaʻole o ka oxygen). ʻO ka paleʻana i ke kōpiki mai kahi maloʻo i ka pūpū e kōkua i ka hoʻololi mauʻana i nā hua.

I nā lā hope loa o ka manawa hoʻopiʻi, pono pono ke nānā pono i ka mahana o ka lewa. Pono kēia wānana i ke kiʻekiʻe o 75%, no ka mea, he mea pono kēia e pīpī i ka pulu me ka pahu pila hoʻokahi i hoʻokahi lā. No ka paleʻana i ka hoʻouluʻana o nā moa i ka wā e hiki mai ana, a ma ka manawa like e pale ai i ka hopena o kēlā mau pōʻino e like me ka pāpā o nā manamana lima, ho'ēmi haʻahaʻa i ka mahanamai ka lāʻumikumamāono o ka uluʻana. E hana i ka hana haʻahaʻa i kēlā me kēia lā i ka 0.2 ° a hiki i ka manawa o nā'ōpiopio i hōʻikeʻia, aia ma ka kiʻekiʻe o 36.8-36.9 °.

Hiki ke kauʻia nā huapala hulu, a me nāʻanoʻano'ē aʻe'ē aʻe iʻikeʻia ma kā lākou nui, ma kaʻaoʻao, no laila, e waiho ana i kahi kūpono.

Keʻike maopopoʻia ka pōʻino, pono pono keʻike pono ma kēia wahiʻaʻohe mea kūpono e hōʻeha i ka hana o ka moa (hiki i ka hua ke hoʻokuʻu i lalo iʻole e hoʻomaha i ka hoalauna). Hiki iāʻoe ke ho'āʻo e kōkua i nā keiki ma kēia hana paʻakikī, e uhaʻi i ka shell i loko o kahi pōʻai. Inā mālamaʻia nā kānāwai a pau o ka home (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi inā hoʻohanaʻia kekahi mea hana kūikawā no kēia mau hana),ʻo nā moa Maran eʻike i ka honua i ka manawa he 21 mau lā ma hope o ka kauʻana i nā hua.

Inā makemakeʻoe e pale i nā pilikia e pili ana i ka pono e hoʻoholo i ke kaʻina hana, hiki iāʻoe ke hilinaʻi i kēlāʻano hana kūpaʻa i kahi hen pono i hiki ke mālama i ka hua pono'ī.

Ma keʻano laulā, hikiʻole ke kāheaʻia heʻano paʻakikī,ʻo ke kohuovua kohā, no ka meaʻo ka nui a me ka nui o nā kānāwai o ko lākou mālamaʻana a me ka mālamaʻanaʻaʻole iʻokoʻa i nā hana likeʻole i ka hānauʻana i nā kumu'ē aʻe. No laila, inā he mea nui iāʻoe ke loaʻa pinepine i nā hua nui a maikaʻi, a ke heleʻoe i waho eʻike i ka manu maikaʻi, kāu koho.