Nui nāʻanoʻona likeʻole o ka waina i hanaʻia mai nā hua waina mai Cabernet.
ʻO konaʻike nui,ʻo ia ke hoʻololi i kaʻai a me kaʻono o ka waina e pili ana i kahi i ulu ai., a mai ka hoʻololiʻana i nā kūlana kūpono.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka waina ka ikaika o ka hopena o ka lepo a me nāʻano o ke kau.
E kūkākūkā mākou e pili ana i kēiaʻano wainaʻano nani i nā mea kiko'ī i kēia mau lā.
Ma kēiaʻatikala eʻikeʻoleʻoe i kāna hōʻike wale nō, akā, he nui nō hoʻi nāʻike'ē aʻe.
Uaʻikeʻia keʻano o ka Cabernet Sauvignon e like me ka mea maʻamau. ʻO kona'āina'āinaʻo Bordeaux, Farani. No laila kahi i ulu nui ai kēiaʻona waina ma ka honua a pau: i kēia lā ua ulu aʻe, e pili ana iʻEulopa Komohana Komohana a meʻEu Hikina, maʻAtalia a me nā USA,'Anelika a me Chile, Iapana a me'Akelika Hema.
ʻO nāʻano wainaʻano'ē aʻe,ʻo iaʻo Merlot, Syrah a me Riesling.
Ka weheweheʻokoʻa Cabernet
ʻO ka Cabernet kekahiʻano waina e ulu ana no ka hanaʻana i nā wainaʻulaʻula. Ke kapaʻia nei kēia mauʻano i kaʻenehana a iʻole ka waina. ʻO nāʻano iʻike nuiʻiaʻo Cabernet Sauvignon aʻo Cabernet Franc.
Huluhulu nā hua,ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, a iʻole nā'ōuliʻulaʻula i loko o nā pūpū nui ma nā wā lōʻihi. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka pūpū i hoʻopaʻaʻia mai ka 12 a 15 knm, aʻo ka laulā e like me 8cm.ʻO keʻano o keʻano o ka pōpū ua laha loaʻia, he "'ēheu" i loaʻa - he lālā ma luna.
- Kūpuni nā hua, me kahiʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, i uhiʻia me ka uhi wili lila.
- He nani nā lau,ʻelima lobed, me nā niho liʻiliʻiʻekolu ma ka lihi.
- ʻAʻole keʻano o ka wai, hiki ke pīkākā.
ʻO ke kau wela ke alakaʻi aku i kaʻoiaʻiʻo o ka liʻiliʻi o nā huhui, e like me nā hua pono'ī. Ke emi nei ka momona o nā huhui,ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o kaʻili.
I ka manawa pinepine he mau'ōlelo aʻo e mālama i ka pollination hou. No laila, hiki iāʻoe ke hana me nā hua waina, ma nā hopena, hiki i ka pollination ka hopena i ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka nui, ka nui a me ka nui o nā popo.
Hoʻoikaika ka pollination i ka uluʻana o nāʻano like me Ruta, Ladanny a me King Ruby.
Hoʻomāʻau hanauna
I ka wā i lanakila ai nā koaʻeleʻele Roman i ka'āina o Farani i kēia lā, ua kanuʻia nā māla maʻaneʻi -ʻo ka kūpuna o nāʻano Cabernet o kēia manawa.
Wahi a kaʻimi i ka moʻo'ōlelo, Cabernet Sauvignon - he mamo ia o keʻoki ponoʻana i nā huawainaʻeleʻele Cabernet Franc me nāʻano waina waina keʻokeʻo Sauvignon Blanc. ʻO ka pukaʻana mai o kahiʻano likeʻole o nā mea noiʻi i pili i ka kenekulia XVII.
Hoʻokaʻaʻike
Nāʻano o nā hua waina
Kūleʻa kēia i ka wā lōʻihi,ʻaʻole i kekahi aniau aʻaʻole i oʻo i ke kūlana oʻoʻokoʻa ma nāʻano kaulike.
ʻO nā huaʻai he 60-70 mau kenetena ma ka hectareEia naʻe,ʻoi ikaika loa ia ma ka'āpana o ka uluʻana.
ʻO Rkatsiteli, Podarok Magaracha a me Dombkovskaya ka hoʻomanaʻoʻana i ka maikaʻi.
I ke kauwela, ua mālama pinepineʻia nā hua waina ma luna o nā mea kanu aʻaʻole loa e hāʻule i ka ua.
ʻO nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha
ʻO nā hopena o nāʻano likeʻole, heʻano maʻalahi ka pea. ʻO kēia keʻano o kekahi mau hua liʻiliʻi'ōmaʻomaʻo me kaʻole o nāʻanoʻano, e like me ka peʻa i ke helehelena a me nā meaʻono loa, ua hanaʻia ma ka pūpū. Hōʻikeʻia ka hōʻailona like e Cabernet, Nadezhda Azos a me Muscat Hamburg.
ʻO kekahi pilikia no ka hoʻokuʻuʻana i nā mea momona, ma muli o ka makani ikaika a iʻole kekahi mau wāʻino.
Hiki iāʻoe ke paio me ka hoʻohana pinepineʻana i nāʻano. Hoʻoikaika lākou i ka pollination o nā hua waina, akā ma nāʻano likeʻole:
- pollination (aiʻole pollination) me ka lima;
- ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka pāpale ma luna me nā microelements: boron, magnesium, zinc;
- ke mālamaʻana i nā hua waina me ka hoʻoulu ulu maoli: gibberellin.
He mea nui ka maloʻo o ka lepo (aerated). I ka wā nui o ka wela, he mea maikaʻi ia e pīpī i nā hua waina, e hoʻonui ana i ka wela o ka lewa. Pono pono no ka pollination maikaʻi.
ʻO Cabernet Sauvignon a me kona poʻe pili pili, he kū'ē kūʻokoʻa lākou i ka phylloxera. ʻO nā mea'āpena kekahi mau mīkini koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi: pūnaewele a me ka hua waina.
Paʻi hua wainaHe mea paʻakikī keʻike, akā naʻe,ʻo nā'ōpuʻuʻulaʻula i waihoʻia ma luna o nā lau eʻike maopopoʻia. No ka hakakāʻana, e hoʻohana i ka sulfur. Hoʻopiliʻia me Bordeaux a hui pūʻia me ka maikaʻi i ka lau.
Spider mite nui iki ka nui aʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Ke ola neiʻo ia ma kaʻaoʻao ma lalo o nā lau, a hoʻoweliweli iā lākou me nā pale. No ka hakakāʻana, ua mālamaʻia nā lāʻau lāʻau me ka'onike 4% solution; Eia kekahi, i ka wā o ke kauwela, ua hoʻopiliʻia nā hua waina me ka sulfur (1%), e hoʻonuiʻia i ka 4-6 mau manawa.
Akāʻo Cederipworm a he mau meaʻeleu kona mau caterpilla, akā,ʻaʻole pēlā nā meaʻeha weliweli no kēiaʻano. Hoʻopili ka Caterpillars i nā pua a me nā ovaries'ōpio, a me ka hua o nā hua waina, hoʻopilikia lākou i nā'ōmaʻomaʻo me nā hua.
Hiki keʻikeʻia ka heleʻana o nā anuhe o ka lau pele i luna o ka pūnaewele, kahi e hoʻohiwahi ai i nā hua. I ka wā mākū, no ka māmā i loaʻa i ka pūnaewele, hoʻomaka ka hua e pala.
No ka hakakāʻana i kēia'ōpū e hoʻopili ana i nā māla waina me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Lawe pinepineʻia lākou me ka fungicides, a pēlā e hana ai i nā mea hana i nā mea hoʻomake a me nā hoʻoheheʻeʻana.
ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana pinepineʻia hōʻikeLoaʻa iā ia he emulsion a me ka lepo.
I ka wā e ulu ana, ua hanaʻia nā hua waina iʻehā mau manawa me ka 50% emulsion i hoʻonuiʻia me ka lakio o ka 0.8 i 2.4 mau līlī heketa.
ʻO nā pahu lāʻau'ē aʻe'ē aʻe (ʻo ka helu o nā hōʻailona e hōʻikeʻia ma nā pale): cymbush (3), sumicidin (2), ekamet (5), cydial (2), fosalon (2) a me nā mea'ē aʻe. ʻO nā lālāʻelua hope loa he mea pono loa i ka hakakāʻana i nā mites. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, kokoke i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka pi, a no nā mea'ē aʻe he nui.
I loko o ka hana me nā mea lāʻau a pau, he pono ia e aʻo i ke aʻo a mālama. Pono e ho'ōlaʻia ka māla waina i hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana.
Mai poina e pili ana i ka hopena o nā maʻi maʻamau o nā hua waina. ʻO ka'Oidium a me ka pala, ka anthracnose a me ka bacteriosis kahi e nānā pono ai a me nā mea pale. Mai palekana iā lākou a no ka maʻi maʻi bacterial, chlorosis a me ka rubella. I ka halaʻana o ka manawa, e hoʻopakele lākou i kāu mau mea kanu a me kaʻohiʻana.
Keʻano
ʻO Cortis
ʻO ka Cabernet Cortis heʻanoʻano waina i hānaiʻia ma Germany i ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā makahiki 1980 ma ke alaʻana iā Cabernet Sauvignon a me nāʻano Merzling (ʻo kona mau mākua,ʻo iaʻo Saperavi North aʻo Muscat Ottonel). No ka hui o nāʻano Pākehā oʻEulopa, mahele nuiʻia ma Germany a me Swiss. ʻO ka mea kākau o keʻanoʻo Norbert Beckert (Freiburg).
ʻO kēia me keʻano'ōmaʻomaʻo o ka hoʻomakaʻana (138-141 lā) a me nā hua kiʻekiʻe: mai 80 a 120 hl ma ka hectare.
ʻO nā huawaina o Cabernet Cortis he kūʻokoʻa ia i nā maʻi - mildew a me ka oidium.
Ke hele nei ka waina i kaʻeleʻeleʻulaʻulaʻeleʻele, i loko o nā puke puaʻa o ka currantʻeleʻele, ka paka, ka mauʻu maloʻo, he meaʻono keʻikeʻia.
Sauvignon (en Cabernet Sauvignon)
ʻO nā huawaina o Cabernet Sauvignon, he mauʻanoʻano likeʻole o ka manawa (e like me nā hoʻohālikelike'ē aʻe: ka hopena) e ulu ana. Mai ka manawa e ulu ai nā pua Cabernet Sauvignon i kaʻohiʻana, 143 lā (no ka hoʻomau houʻana i nā wainaʻaina) aʻoi aku paha, a hiki i nā lā 165, no nā waina momona, hele.
ʻO ka manawaʻo kaʻohi e pili ana i kahi kūlana a me nā kūkū.ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa mai ka hapa lua o Sepatemaba a hiki i ka lua o ka makahikiʻoʻOkakopa.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana hou i kēia mauʻano likeʻole i nā hua waina hou, e like me nā hua waina papa. He ikaika loa, heʻiliʻeleʻele a heʻawaʻawa. ʻO ka wai o kēiaʻano waina,ʻaʻole ia i makemake i nā mea a pau eʻoluʻolu i kona manaʻo. Akā Ma keʻano kumu iʻa no ka hanaʻana i nā wainaʻulaʻula - ka papaʻaina, ka meaʻono a me ka ikaika - he nani loa ka nani o ka Cabernet Sauvignon.
Fran (en. Cabernet franc)
ʻO kēiaʻanoʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele kekahi o nā "makua" o Cabernet Sauvignon kaulana loa.
Ke hoʻohālikelikeʻia me ka "mamo", heʻano momona ka Cabernet Franc vine, akā, ua ulu nuiʻo ia ma mua. No nā māhele he nuiʻole i ke kūlana palekana a maikaʻi paha,ʻo ka ulu muaʻana o ka maikaʻi nui o kēiaʻano.
ʻO ka waina mai Cabernet Franc he lālā maikaʻi loa ia me nā meaʻono. Ma muli o ka'āpana waina, e like kaʻalani me keʻala o nā kumulāʻau a violets paha.
Hiki i nā mea inu waina ke hoʻohana i nā hui likeʻole Cabernet Franc a me Cabernet Sauvignonoiai nā hua waina i hoʻomākaukauʻia i loaʻa nā huaʻai a iʻole nā mea mālama.
He nui nā inoa likeʻole o kēiaʻanoʻo ka hua waina, a ma France hoʻi, ma muli o ia wahi. Hiki ke kapaʻiaʻo ia he "bouchet", "Breton" (Breton) aiʻole "nā'alanēne kaona", a he wahi liʻiliʻi kēia o nā inoa'āina.
Ua kāhele nuiʻiaʻo Cabernet Franc hua waina ma Farani a ma Northern Italia.
ʻO nā hua waina o nāʻano "Cabernet" (ʻoi aku,ʻo "Cabernet Sauvignon") kekahi o nāʻano kaina kaulana i ka waina. ʻIke i ka nui o nāʻano'ē aʻe, akā,ʻo nā wainaʻulaʻula nui i hanaʻia no loko mai o nā hua waina o kēiaʻano.
