Ke ʻimi nei nā mea aloha i nā hua waina e noho ana ma nā wahi anuanu ke hiki ke loaʻa i kahi hua i ke kauwela pōkole a mālie. Ke hoʻokō nei kēia mau kūlana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻano Tason mua, kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā hōʻiliʻili nui a me kahi hoʻāʻo ʻono.
ʻO ka moʻolelo o nā ulu lāʻau Tason
Loaʻa i nā hua waina Tason me nā loina o Italia a me Zoreva breeder T. A. Sonina ma ka All-Russian Research Institute o Viticulture a me Winemaking iā lākou. J.I. Potapenko. ʻAʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka kākau inoa ʻana o ke aupuni, akā naʻe, nui nā mea aloha i ulu a ulu iā ia. ʻO ka kūleʻa maikaʻi, hoʻoulu ʻia ia i nā kūlana o ka moku Rostov, Crimea, Ukraine, akā hiki ke ulu a hūnā i nā hua a hiki i nā wahi ʻo Moscow a me Leningrad a me ka ʻaoʻao o Belarus.
Loaʻa ka kaulana o Tason ma muli o kāna kūlana kiʻekiʻe
ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano
He wā lohi nui ʻo Tason (100-110 mau lā mai ka manawa e wehe ai nā pua) e kiʻi ai i ka hua. He maʻalahi kēia hōʻala ʻana i kēia - ʻoki maikaʻi nā ʻokiʻoki a hoʻohui pū i nā kumukūʻai.
Nui nā pā, ulu nui. Mālama maikaʻi ka ʻeleʻele (kokoke i ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa) e ka ʻōʻā. Hoʻomaka iki ka hua hua liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka hapa.
ʻO nā lau he ʻelima mau ʻīpana, ke ākea nei a loaʻa i kahi waihoʻoluʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo mau. He bisexual ka pua, no laila, ʻaʻole pono kēia ʻano i nā pollinators.
Hoʻolaha maikaʻi ʻia nā pua Tason e nā pua
Ma hope o ka pua ʻana, hana nā hua pua i nā kumuwaina, i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻano cylindrical. Kahi like kā lākou pāo, a ʻo ka nui ka nui, ʻo ka nui a hiki i ka 0.5-0.8 kg, a hiki i ka 1,2 kg.
ʻO nā hua o Oval, i ka wā ua ʻoki loa, i ke keʻokeʻo-ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo me kahi ʻula ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻaoʻao māmā. Kūpono ke kīhāpai i ka nui o 25 x 18 mm a me ka nui o ka 6-7 g. ʻO ke kino ka medium-density, i ka wā e pau ai, ʻaʻole i ʻike. Lohi nui ka pulp, pohō. Aia nā hua he mau huaʻai, akā liʻiliʻi lākou a no laila ʻaʻole like ka manaʻo.
He ʻoluʻolu loa ka makemake, ʻo ka momona nutmeg. Ka holi momona gula (19-21 g no 100 cm3) ke uku ʻia e kekahi nui o ka waikawa (5-6 g / dm3) e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i kahi kūlike ʻoluʻolu.
I ka mālamalama maikaʻi, loaʻa i nā huaʻai ke ʻano ʻulaʻula nani.
Ua lanakila ʻo Tason i ke aloha o ka poʻe inu waina, ʻaʻole wale ma nā ʻāina hema, akā, no ka waena waena ma muli o kona mau pono:
- ʻōpio mua i ka ulu ʻana (i ka makahiki i hala o Iulai);
- nā huahana kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i ka 40 mau pua mai ka 1 lāʻau, ʻo ia ʻo 20-30 kg);
- ʻono maikaʻi (8.2 mau kiko) a me kahi hiʻohiʻona nani;
- ka mālama mālama ʻana i nā hua o ka hua ma ka lāʻau (kokoke i 2 mau mahina);
- ke kūleʻa ʻana i ke anuanu (ʻaʻole i luhi ka hua);
- pale i ka halihali.
ʻAʻole like ʻole kēia ʻano.
- hōʻemi haʻahaʻa i nā maʻi maʻi (oidium, kalo, hina hina);
- kūlia ka hē kūlohelohe kūʻokoʻa (a hiki i -22 ° C).
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nā mea kanu Tason
Ua kūpono ka Tason no ka ulu e pili ana i ke aniani. ʻOiai i nā kūlana o ke kauwela pōkole, mālama ʻo ia i ka hua ʻana ma muli o ka manawa ulu pōkole.
I nā wahi wela a me ke anu, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e kanu iā Tason ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ke kahua o ka pūnaewele. Me ka nele o ka lā, ʻaʻole e loaʻa ka huaʻai i ka kala kūpono a noho ma nā keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo. Pono ka lepo ma luna o ka pūnaewele a me ka momona a me ka māla-loaʻa, hiki ʻole i kahi piʻu.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hua waina i mālama ʻia e ka pā a i ʻole nā hale e pale ai i nā kumulāʻau mai nā makani anuanu.
Pono nā pūnāwai a me ka lūlū no ka kanu ʻana i nā hua waina. No ka ulu pinepine ʻana o Tason i nā wahi anuanu, nā kanu puna (a hiki i ka mid-May) ʻoi aku ka makemake iā ia. I kēia hihia, loaʻa ka manawa kūpono i nā wā e hoʻomōla maikaʻi ma mua o ke anu anuanu.
Kanu ʻia hoʻi ʻo Tason me nā hua kanu, a kanu ʻia i kahi ʻano pākeke. Hoʻokiʻoki ʻia nā ʻāpana no kēia o kēia mau ala i ka hāʻule, ke ʻoki ʻana i ka hapa ʻala o ke kumu waina me 4-5 mau maka. No ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomāliilima ko lākou mau ʻāpana, a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki iā lākou iho i loko o kahi hale aiʻole nā pouaka.
No ka mālama pono ʻana o ka umauma nāu i nā ʻokiʻoki, pono e uhi ʻia nā ʻāpana no ka mālama ʻana i ka paraffin
Hana ʻia ka hana penei:
- Koho i kahi paʻa lāʻau paʻa, kahi e ʻoki loa ʻia, e waiho ana he hemp ka liʻiliʻi.
- E ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki me ke kalepa a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi kāwili i hana ʻia me ka hatchet koi i ke kikowaena o kahi paʻa.
- Kahi i ka wahi o ke kanoʻi paʻa ʻia me kahi kapa a uhi ʻia me ka pālolo.
Vitio: hoʻokaʻawale i ke kau ʻana
Inā makemake ʻoe i ka ʻoki ʻana, a laila e hana like me kēia:
- I ka hapalua hapalua o Pepeluali, lawe ʻia lākou mai waho o ka hale kūʻai, ua hoʻomaha nā ʻāpana.
- E hoʻokomo i ka ʻāpana o lalo o ka paʻa i loko o kahi pahu wai a i loko o ka pā hao (a i ʻole ka mea ʻoki ʻoki a ʻokiʻoki) me ka ʻāina momona e pono ai.
- I ka waena o ʻApelila - mua o Mei, e hoʻohuli ʻia nā hua i kahi paʻa mau.
Wikiō: ulu ulu mai nā hua waina mai Chubuk
Ke loaʻa nei nā mea kanu i nā holomua holomua:
- Ma kahi hebedoma ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi lua me kahi hohonu a me ka ʻāpana o 0.8 m.
- Ma ka hapalua hohonu, hoʻopiha ka lua me kahi aniani o ka mana (a me ka ʻāina ulu, aihui, paʻakai pāhaʻi kākoti), i uhi ʻia me ka ʻāpana o ka honua.
- Hoʻokomo ʻia ka seedling i loko o ka lua, me ka hoʻāʻo e hōʻoki i nā aʻa ʻōpiopio ʻōpio.
- Kīpī ʻia me ka honua, hoʻopaʻa a hoʻoinu ʻia.
No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi papala o ke kala a i ʻole ka mea ʻala i ka lua poʻi inā pono
Nā kānāwai mālama
Pane aku ʻo Tason i ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana, akā ʻaʻohe mau pilikia i ka ulu ʻana o kēia ʻano.
Hoʻopau a hana
Ma muli o ka ulu ikaika, pono e kau ʻia nā hua waina i kahi hoʻokumu. ʻO ke ala maʻalahi loa ke aloha. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi pua lāʻau i ke ʻano o kahi cordon ʻelua a i ʻole e ulu ai ma luna o kahi pā. I nā wahi mahana kahi e pono ai ke uhi ʻia i nā māla no ka hoʻoilo, hiki ke kanu ʻia i loko o kahi ʻano maʻamau, e like me ka lāʻau.
Pono iā 3-4 mau makahiki e kiʻi i kahi lāʻau ulu-fan
I ka wā e hāʻule ai, pono ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i nā lula kumu:
- ʻO ka momona kūpono loa no Tason heʻoi aku iʻoi aku ma mua o 30-40 mau wana ma kahi lāʻau.
- Pono e ʻoka ʻia kēlā kumulāʻau i nā maka he 10-12.
Hiki ke ulu i nā hua waina i kahi māla kiʻekiʻe i nā wahi mahana
I ka wā lohi, ʻoki ʻia nā hua waina, ke wehe ʻana i nā ʻāpana mai ka hua o ke kumu waina, nā lālā ʻokoʻa a me nā ʻala maloʻo. Inā hāʻule ka mahana o ka hoʻoilo ma ka wahi i lalo -22 ... -24 ° C, ma ka hopena o ʻOkakopa ua kau ʻia nā waina ma ka ʻāina a uhi ʻia. ʻO ka agrofabric kūpono, kahi papa o ka honua, ka mauʻu a me ka hinu paha.
I mea e pale ai i nā hua waina mai ka hau, pono ia e hoʻopaʻa i nā pā waina, waiho ʻia ma ka ʻāina a uhi ʻia me ka mauʻu
Hoʻomoʻa i ka wai
Pono ke kanu i ka hua waina - e hōʻeha wale ka hohonu o ka wai. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine aku iā 3-4 mau manawa:
- Ma hope o ka pua.
- I ka wā o ka ʻūhū ʻana o nā hua waina.
- Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana.
- Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu.
No ka mālama pono ʻana i ka ea o ka lepo ma lalo o nā kumu lāʻau, ua paipai ʻia e mulch i ka pōʻai lāʻau me nā mea kūlohelohe.
- Kaukea
- ʻōpala
- nāʻu nahele.
ʻOi aku ka lole
I mea e loaʻa ai kahi hōʻiliʻili nui, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine i ka māla.
- Hoʻopili ʻia ke kapa kanu mua i kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka pua.
- A laila hānai i nā mea kanu ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻūhū o nā hua - kōkua kēia i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o nā mau pua.
- ʻO ka lole ka hope o hope i lawe ʻia i loko o ka hāʻule me ka paʻakai pākela, e hoʻonui ana i ka kūʻē o ka hau o nā mea kanu.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia i kekahi manawa ia e kau i ka lole i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka manawa e ulu ai, akā hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ke ulu ʻana o ka uila o ka ulu lāʻau i ka hōʻino o ka ʻohi.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hua kumupaʻa ma ke ʻano o ka slurry a i ʻole ka infusion o nā hana a ka moa, a hiki ke hoʻohana pū ʻia ke manu manawaleʻa (i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano o kahi mulch 7-10 cm mānoanoa). Mai poina e lilo nā mea huapalapala maikaʻi loa nā hua waina:
- boric acid;
- pelekane
- kaheha kelehele.
Hiki maikaʻi mai nā māla i ka ʻaʻahu luna foliar. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e hoʻomākaukau i nā hoʻonā wai i manawaleʻa:
- nitrogen (ammonium nitrate 0.3%);
- ka phosphoric (superphosphate 5-7%);
- potash (potassium chloride 1,5%).
Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ke kapa hoʻoliʻahu ʻoi me ka pale pale ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi.
Wikiō: ʻo ka kanu a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā hua waina
Pest a me ka hoʻomake
Hoʻomoʻa nā hua Tason i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kauwela a me nā mea maoli, e huki i nā manu a me nā wasps. Mai nā manu, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale i ka kumulaʻo me kahi ʻāʻī (ʻoiʻoi loa ka paʻakikī a me ka meshed maikaʻi).
Hiki iā ʻoe ke pakele mai nā wasps ma ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā ʻehā insecticidal a me ka luku ʻana i nā nest. Inā ʻaʻole makaʻu ʻoe i nā hana ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopili ʻana i kēlā me kēia palaki i kahi ʻeke gauze.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia e hiki i nā pūpū maikaʻi ke hāʻule i loko o ka mau o ka iniseti insecticidal.
E kūleʻa ka pulu kapa pulupulu i ka hua waina mai nā wasps
ʻOi aku ka ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ka weliweli ma mua o nā wasps, hiki paha ia ke phylloxera - kahi aphid mikroskopona e pili ana i nā ʻāpana ʻāina a me ka ʻōnaehana kumu. E kue aku ana, ʻo ka mālama ʻana me ka carbon disulfide e kōkua ai:
- Me nā lesion phylloxera koʻikoʻi, kahi hoʻohana no 300-400 cm ka hoʻohana ʻana3/ m2. ^ E Ha yM. Hāʻawi kēia iā ʻoe e luku i nā pōpilikia, akā hiki ke make ka māla waina.
- No ka mālama i ka kanu, e hoʻohana i kahi kaila o 80 cm3/ m2.
ʻO ka pohō o ka huina phylloxera i manaʻo ʻia kekahi o nā mea e weliweli loa
ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale ai i ka phylloxera i ke ʻano huakaʻi ma nā lāʻau kūlohelohe phylloxera.
ʻAʻole kūleʻa ʻo Tason i ka oidium, papaleka a hina ka hina. Ma muli o ka make mua o ka hua waina, ʻaʻole mau kēia mau maʻi e "hoʻomau ʻia" me ke hōʻiliʻili. Akā pono ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa pale pale i kēlā me kēia hihia. He kūpono nā mākaukau kālai:
- Hoʻolaha ka wai
- Kālā
- Vitriol,
- Nā Huakaʻi.
ʻO ke hōʻiliʻili, ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu
Hoʻomaka ʻo Tason e hōʻiliʻili i ka hopena o ka makahiki i hala o Iulai. Inā nui nā hua, hiki iā ʻoe ke waiho malū i kekahi o nā pala ma ka lāʻau - ua kau ʻia a hiki i ka waena o Kepakemapa, me ka pau ʻole o ko lākou mau manaʻo.
Mālama ʻia nā hua waina i loko o ka friji no kahi mahina hoʻokahi mahina. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā hua waina i loko o kahi lumi maloʻo maloʻo 2-3 mau mahina.
Hoʻomaʻo pinepine ʻia ʻo Tason, akā hiki i ke kaʻina hana e:
- palaka
- waina
- waiu
- compote
- Nā Hoʻi
ʻO Beckmes, a i ʻole he meli meli, ʻaʻole wale nō he mea leʻaleʻa, akā, he mālama maikaʻi nō hoʻi
Hōʻike nā mea kanu ulu lāʻau
Ua pīhoihoi wau i ka hiki i kēia ʻano no ka mālama maka lōʻihi i loko o nā pua. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka lā 5 o ʻAukake a ke ku nei ʻo Kepakemapa 12 i loko o kahi ʻeke gauze. Mālamalama wale ka momona ma mua o ka nutmeg. Kūkulu ka ʻiwaʻala, ʻoiai he palaa a ʻona, ʻaʻole au e ʻike i kekahi luhi, like ʻana me Krasa Nikopol i kēia lā (akā ʻaʻole wau i hoʻāʻo ia e like me ke kō, i hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka ʻūhā ʻana, ma ka papa papa hoʻokahi).
ʻO Evgeny Anatolyevich, ʻO ke Teritori o Stavropol//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=668
ʻO Tason ma koʻu māla waina kekahi o nā mea mahalo a aloha ʻia o koʻu ʻohana. I ka manawa like, ʻo ia nō kaʻu kāhea kelepona i kekahi mau hōʻikeʻike. ʻO kēia ʻano e pono ai ke koho, kahi mua loa, i kahi wahi mahana a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi, nā mea hoʻokūkū a me ka palekana e kū pono ai i nā maʻi, a laila nani! Ma ke ʻākau o Belarus, ua ʻike wau ʻo ia ka alapine i ka ʻono a me ka mākeke no ka ulu ʻana i OG, akā ma ka moʻomeheu parietal, e hoʻopuka ana ʻo ia i nā mea puʻupuʻu maikaʻi e kaupaona ana he 500-600 g (i loko o kahi s / c a hiki i 800 g, ulu pū kekahi ia) me ka nani ʻono hoʻi ʻulaʻula i ka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula hoʻi ma ka lāpani 6-8 g, no ka ʻākau, ʻaʻole mākou "momona". Loaʻa ka ʻike o ka loiloi ma kahi o 17-19% i ka hoʻohuihui haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻohe pilikia o ka pilikia me ka make o ka waina, a loaʻa ka hua i kahi kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻike wau ua kau maikaʻi nā poʻe pua i nā lā lōʻihi ma nā lāʻau. Akā hōʻaiʻē hou wau i ka luhi i ka wā kanu e kala ʻole.
Vadim Tochilin, Novopolotsk, Belarus//vinforum.ru/index.php?topic=185.0
ʻO Tason, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻAsia Central like, maikaʻi loa "lau" maʻi maʻi, i ko mākou mau kūlana, me ka hoʻoulu maikaʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻowalewale ʻole ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka oidium ma nā keʻokeʻo, akā i ka laulā, me ka mālama maʻamau, ʻaʻole nui loa, mālama ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole (ʻaʻole like) ʻAʻole ʻo Rizamat ʻo Shahin, ma kahi ʻōlelo), no laila ke manaʻo nei wau ʻo Tason he Europa maʻemaʻe, akā pono ke nānā ʻia.
Krasokhina, Novocherkassk//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=668
ʻO kahi drawback o Tason ka uhi. ʻO kēia makahiki ka hōʻiliʻili mua ʻana -6 kg (i ka wā ma mua - ʻo ka laha hōʻailona ma kahi 2 mau makahiki ʻoi ka mea ʻaʻole loa i hoʻolilo) ʻo ka pāka nui loa ka 850 g. Akā mau a hoʻomau nā polu. E kau ana au i nā ʻeke i kēia makahiki aʻe.
HITRO, kūlanakauhale o Ochakov//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=668
Ka ʻono o ka Tason he EXCLUSIVE, nutmeg. Oidium - ʻae liʻiliʻi. ʻAe keu - ʻaʻole. Wasps - ʻae, ʻoluʻolu loa a ʻolo nāʻu.
Belikova Galina, Volgograd//vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=62&t=115
ʻAe wau i kahi pua lāʻau nui o kēia ʻano. Hoʻolālā wau e hoʻohui hou i kahi mauʻu hou no kēia ʻano. Hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi ʻia, nā pāʻina o ke hōʻike, medium-dense, ʻaʻohe pā. Hoʻopili i nā berry melemele-keʻokeʻo, momona me ka pala momona. ʻAʻohe mea maʻi fungal i luna o nā noho aliʻi. Ma hope o ke hōʻiliʻili ʻana, e pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ulu ʻōmaʻomaʻo mai nā ʻōpala a me nā oidium, no ka mea i Sepatemaba, pinepine ke ʻano o Tason e kēia mau maʻi. Mālama kēia mālama i ka uhi deciduous, kahi i hāʻawi ʻia i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o nā māla a kau i ka hōʻiliʻili no ka makahiki aʻe.
Senchanin, Ukraine//vinograd777.ru/forum/showthread.php?t=288
Kūpono nā hua waina Tason no nā winegrowers mai kahi kokoke aku i kahi o Lūkini. ʻOiaʻiʻo, loaʻa ka hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi e pono ai i kekahi ʻoihana a me ka manawa, akā e uku lākou me nā mea maikaʻi loa o nā hua hua.
