ʻO Gooseberry ʻano Masheka: ka wehewehe, subtleties a me nā nuances o kāna mahi

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Gooseberry Mashek e ka poʻe mahiʻai Belarusian ma kahi o 20 mau makahiki i hala, a i kēia lā, ʻo ia ke ʻano mea punahele ma waena o ka māla. Mahalo ʻia no kona hua paʻa, nā hiʻohiʻona nani a, ʻoiaʻiʻo, no ka ʻono ʻoluʻolu o nā hua waina. Eia kekahi, heʻokoʻa nā hua a Masha, he maikaʻi a he hou, a i loko o ka hoʻomākaukau.

ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā māka ʻa ʻihi iā Mashek

ʻO Gooseberry Masheka - kahi koho Belarusian nui, i hana ʻia e A.G. Volzunev - kahiʻepekema kaulana kaulana-agrarian, ke kauka o ka ʻepekema lapaʻau. Lawe ʻia ka mea hoʻonani i kahi helu lehulehu o gooseberries, aʻo Masheka ka mea i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea maikaʻi loa.

I ka wā hoʻohālikelike, ua kālai ʻia ka lāʻau gooseberry o Mashek me nā hua ʻelua

Ua loaʻa i ka inoa i kona inoa i mea e hoʻohanohano ai i ka heihei o ka moʻomeheu Belarusian, he pōā hanohano a pale hoʻi i ka poʻe i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka inoa ʻo Mashek.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o nā lāʻau

ʻO ka lāʻau gooseberry Mashek - mānoanoa a uluʻe - nānā nani loa, ʻoiai i ka wā hua. Hoʻololi ʻia ka mea kanu nui. Kūleʻa nā kukui uliuli mānoanoa. ʻAʻole nā ​​pipi i nā lālā, me nā pihi aila melemele-brown. He ʻāpana uliuli ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā lau, he ʻano palaka a ʻalupili, loaʻa ka pua liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā niho me nā kaʻe e palaka a pōkole. ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻole he pubescent, i ʻole i loaʻa.

ʻĀnō nā ʻāpana o Mashaeka.

Palapala: nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hua

Paleka: nā pono a me nā hemahema o ka gooseberry Mashek

ʻO nā subtleties o nā kanu a me nā ʻoihana hoʻouluulu

Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano me ka huahana kiʻekiʻe. E hāʻawi ʻo Masheka i kāna mau mea nona ka hua ʻono a me nā mea ʻono, inā hāʻawi ʻoe i ka lāʻau me ka mālama pono a koho i kahi kūpono no ka kanu.

I kahi e kau ai

E kanu iā Masha, e koho i kahi pālahalaha a mālamalama, pale ʻia mai nā makani. ʻAʻole pono ka loea kahi kokoke i lalo o ka 1.5 m o ka ihu.

Ua noi ʻo Gooseberry Mashek e kanu i kahi kahua ākea a mālamalama

Pono ka lepo ma ka wahi no ka kanu ʻana i nā gooseberries e liʻiliʻi i ka liʻiliʻi, momona a me ka hoka. Inā he one a pālolo paha ka honua, a laila e kuhikuhi ʻia e kanu i kahi hua ʻana ma hope o kona hoʻomaikaʻi mua ʻana. ʻO ka makahiki ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, pono e hoʻonui ʻia he 15 kg o nā mea kanu loiloi no ka 1 m i ka ʻāina pāpū² (Hiki iā humus, manure a kāpae paha), a me ka pālolo, me ka hoʻohui i nā mea kūlohelohe, hoʻohui pū. Manaʻo ʻia nā māla akamai me ka hoʻohui i 50 g o ka pālea pālea me ka 40 g o ka superphosphate pākahi i 1 m².

ʻOiai ke kūpono o ka moʻomeheu i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa maikaʻi o ka substrate, inā he haʻahaʻa ka pH ma mua o ka 5.5, pono ia e hoʻopuka i ka liming. ʻO ka ʻoi loa ʻo ka mākeke maikaʻi no kēia kumu he palaoa dolomite (pae noi noi - 1,5 kg no 1 m²).

Āhea a pehea e kanu ai

Hōʻoiaʻiʻo nā māla loea e kanu i nā gooseberries i ka hāʻule, kahi mahina ma mua o kahi mahina ma mua o ka hoʻomaka o nā hua. Me nā lā kanu kanu, hoʻokō ka lāʻau ke aʻa a maikaʻi i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. Hiki nō iā ia ke kanu i nā hua kanu o Mashaeka i mua o ka hāmama o nā pua, akā i kēia hihia, pono nui e hoʻomoʻa ʻia nā gooseberries.

Ma ka pūnaewele i koho ʻia e pono ai:

1. E kāʻei i ka lepo a wehe i nā aʻa āpau.
2. Pono nā hua o nā mea kanu i ka lōʻihi ma kahi mamao o 1-1,5 m mai kēlā me kēia.
   

   Pono nā hua o Gooseberry e kau ʻia ma kahi mamao o 1-1,5 m mai kekahi mai

3. Kāwili i ka ana e 50x50x50 cm.
4. E hoʻohui i 1 pā o ka waiū a i ʻole maikaʻi paha ka manure i ka lepo, me ka 40 g o ka pālea pāhahele a i ʻole 1.5 tbsp. lehu lāʻau, 100-120 g o ka superphosphate.
5. Hoʻohui ka lepo me ka lepo a hoʻopiha i ka lua i kahi hapakolu o ka nui.
6. E uhi i ka nui o ka meaʻai me ka lepo maʻamau a palulu ʻole iā ia.
7. E kau i ka hua kanu i loko o ka lua me ka ʻole e halihali a hohonu i ka 5 cm ʻoi aku ma mua o ka mea i ulu ʻia ma mua.
   

   Ke kanu ʻana, pono ke kanu ʻia ka mea kanu i ka lepo 5 cm ma mua o ka ulu ʻana ma mua.

8. E hoʻopiha i nā aʻa i ka lua kanu me ka lepo me ka pau ʻole, hoʻoulu iki i ka ʻili a ninini (0,5 ʻōpō o ka wai).
9. Hoʻopiha hope i ka puka me ka lepo, e hana i ka lua a puni ka mea kanu hua wai a me ka wai (0,5 mau pōpō).
10. E hoʻomoʻi i ka luawai me nā humus, pitonu a i ʻole ka ʻāina maloʻo e hōʻemi i ka hoʻoluʻu makika.
11. E kāwili i nā pua a pau, e waiho ana i ka 5-7 cm ma luna o ka lepo.
12. E uhi i nā pauku me ka māla var. Pono kēia no laila ʻaʻole i hoʻouka ʻia ka lāʻau ʻōpio e nā pōpoki.

I nā makahiki mua o ke ola, e holo mālie nā hua. Ma mua, ulu ikaika nā aʻa, a i ka lua wale o ke kauwela e hoʻomaka ai nā pua, a hāʻawi ʻo Mashek i nā hua mua no ka makahiki 3. Kūpono ka piha piha o nā gooseberries i ka wā i kau ʻia ai nā lālā ikaika a olakino ma luna o ia (i ka makahiki 5 o ke ola).

ʻO nā nuances o ka mālama

I kiʻi i ka momona momona o nā momona a me nā soos soʻʻo Mashek, pono ʻoe e hoʻoikaika i ka nui. Inā pili pono ʻoe i ka papa hana agrotechnical, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokō i kahi lāʻau kiʻekiʻe no 18-20 mau makahiki. ʻO nā ʻenehana e hoʻokō e loaʻa kēia hopena he maʻalahi a maʻalahi i nā māla mahiʻai. ʻO kēia ka wai kūponoʻana, e hānai ana a hoʻokumu i ka kanu hua lāʻau o ka ulu lāʻau.

Kahe wai nui

ʻO Gooseberry Masheka i hoʻolaha ʻia e nā mea hana ona he mea kanu hoʻomehana-hoʻomehana, akā koi ka wai nui i ka wai puna a me ke kauwela. He kūpono kūpono ia no kēia kumu ma ka pīpī ʻana ʻana i ka mea kanu a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana (inā paha ua kanu ʻia nā mea kanu i ka lālani ma ke kahua). ʻO kekahi ala ʻē aʻe e hoʻomāwahi i ka ʻāina ma kahi o ka lae, ʻo ka wai i loko o nā puʻu. E hana i kēia:

1. Keli lākou i nā ʻuʻu liʻiliʻi a puni kahi lāʻau i loko o kahi radius e pili ana i 30-40 cm mai ke kumu.
2. 20 l ka wai i ninini ʻia i loko o kēlā me kēia puʻe. ʻAʻole pono ka wai e hoʻomoʻi ʻia; ʻaʻole nā ​​makaʻu i nā anuanu maloʻo.
3. Pono ka pulu maʻa ʻōpala me ka lau nui, mauʻu ka ʻū a me ka wahie.

I nā hōʻulu maloʻo, e pono ai ka nui o ka wai a me ka nui o ka wai (3-5 mau pōpilikia no kēlā me kēia lāʻau.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka maleahi ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana ʻana o ka hua. ʻO ka hanu o ka wā nui i kēia manawa e hana i ka hōʻiliʻili o ke kō i loko o ka huaʻai i loko o ka hua, ma muli o kahi o ka hua e hoʻohuli ai i ka wai me ka wai.

ʻO ke kahe wai nui i nā ʻōpū he ala maikaʻi loa ia e hāʻawi i nā aʻa gooseberry me ka wai e pono ai.

Pono e lawe ʻia kekahi mea kanu nui i ka hāʻule (20-40 lita ma lalo o kekahi lāʻau gooseberry). Hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ka mea kanu i ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ka wai i ka wai e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole e kōkua i ka mea kanu e hoʻopau i ka hoʻoilo anuanu.

Hoʻopau mākou

Mālama i ka manawa kūpono o nā minerala a me nā mea kanu organik a mālama i ka hopena kiʻekiʻe a hāʻawi i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi i ʻike ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole.

Nā kānāwai ʻai:

1. Pono e hoʻolilo i nā mea kanu i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka lua kanu ke kanu nei kahi mea kanu i lawa ai i nā makahiki ʻekolu o ke ola o ka pua. A laila, i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo, ʻo hoʻokahi manawa o kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau makahiki, ma lalo o kēlā me kēia mākeke gooseberry, pono ia e hoʻopili e pili ana i 6 kg o nā mea kanu organik, 20 g o superphosphate a me 1/2 kīpī o ka lehu lāʻau ma 1 m².
2. I ka wā kakahiaka ma mua, ma mua o nā māla mahina, nā māla e ʻike i ka hānai ʻana i ka moʻomeheu me ka ammonium nitrate (15 g no 1 m² - no nā lāʻau ʻōpio, 20-25 g - no ka pākeke).

Me ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu, nā ʻeluʻulu hoʻohālikelike i nā lau, ʻoiai i ka wā kauwela, loaʻa i kahi kala maʻamau (kahi kala i waiho ʻia ma ke kaʻe o ka lau a i ʻole ʻoniʻoni a i ʻole mau ʻulaʻomaʻi ma waena o nā veins o nā lau lau). I ka ʻike ua ʻike ʻoe i kēlā mau ʻōuli i kekahi mea kanu, mālama koke iā Masheka, ʻo ka lau o ka lāʻau maikaʻi ʻo ka ʻeleʻele uliuli.

Hoʻopili a hoʻohālike i nā gooseberries

Kōkua ka mea kanu i ka ulu ʻana i kahi lāʻau i hoʻopuni piha ʻia, loaʻa i nā hua nui a mālama i kahi paʻi paʻa. ʻO ke ʻano nui o Masha ʻo ia ka ʻano like ʻole o ka hua kumu nui, no ka mea ua lilo ka lāʻau i nā mānoanoa a ua ʻemi ka maikaʻi a me ka nui o nā hua. Eia kekahi, ua lohi wale kā lākou ulu a hiki i ka hopena o ka lūlū a ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka hopena o nā mea ulu. Kālua ʻia nā hua ʻili ma nā wana o ka makahiki i hala, ʻoiai ke kūpaʻa nei nā hua ʻala nui i nā pua o ka umauma ʻo 1-2 a me nā lālā hua makahiki 1-2, a hiki i 3 mau hua liʻiliʻi e puka mai i kahi ulu hoʻokahi, akā ma nā lālā kahiko ua ulu wale nō. hoʻokahi hua liʻiliʻi.

E kōkua ka mea kanu kūpono i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i kahi lāʻau piha a loaʻa i nā hua nui

I mea e nani ai nā hua o Masha i nā ʻāpana a ʻoi aku ka nui, ka pono ʻana o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kino. Eia nā ʻōlelo kānāwai o ke kaʻina hana:

1. ʻO hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i kahi hua liʻiliʻi i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo, ʻokiʻoki i nā wana i ka pae o ka ʻāina, e waiho ana i ka 3-5 ikaika loa.
2. I nā makahiki ma hope mai, e ʻoki i nā ʻōpala makahiki ikaika āpau (nā pua basal) a waiho ʻia he 3-4 mau lālā olakino.
3. I nā lāʻau pākeke, wehe i nā lālā kahiko i loaʻa nā hua maikaʻi ʻole.
4. Inā loaʻa nā ulu maikaʻi ma lalo o ka pana o ka pā kahiko, a laila e ʻoki wale ma luna pono o ka pana ma luna aʻe o ka lālā.
5. Hoʻopau i nā lala āpau, hoʻopaumaha ʻia, nāwaliwali a me nā hua pono ʻole o nā makahiki āpau.

Noi aku nā lāʻau paʻakikī a ʻokiʻoki ʻia e ʻokiʻoki ʻia, me ka hoʻōla ʻana o nā lālā i ʻole nā ​​aʻa.

Kūleʻa ʻia ka mea kanu i ka hoʻoilo

I ka wā e hoʻokumu ai i kahi mea kanu pākeke (ma mua o 10 mau makahiki), aia nā mau mea. Ke hoʻoiho nei i kahi ulu lāʻau:

• wehe mākou i nā wana makahiki āpau e ulu ana i ke kumu. I ka manawa like, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e haʻalele i nā lālā i hoʻokumu maikaʻi ʻia o kā 3-5 i hana ʻia i loko o ka papa lalo;
• Ua ʻoki ʻia nā piko o nā hua hua i kekahi lālā ma hope;
• nā lālā i pau i ka hāʻawi i nā hua, ua ʻoki loa i ka hāʻule;
• i ka mahina mua o ʻAukake, e hoʻopaʻa i nā kihi o nā lālā heʻe ma ka 5 cm.ʻO kēia ʻano hana e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻoulu i ka waiho ʻana o nā pua pua a hoʻonui i ka ʻāʻī o ka hoʻoilo o ka moʻomeheu.

Kūpono ʻia ka anti-kahiko kahiko o nā lāʻau mākeke i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau makahiki.

Ka hoʻomākaukau ana no ka hoʻoilo

He ʻano paʻakikī ʻo Masheka, akā ma nā wahi i ke anuanu ikaika e pono ai e uhi ʻia. No ke kōkua maikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻoilo ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻoilo, ʻōlelo ʻo ka poʻe loea i ka lāʻau e lawe ai i ka lawe ʻana i ka wai i ka ʻūlū. I nā hoʻoheʻe hoʻoheheʻe he pono e hoʻopiha i nā pua me ka hau a hehi ʻo ia ia a puni nā gooseberries. ʻO kahi ala maikaʻi e mālama ai i ka hoʻoilo hau e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai ia me ka honua a i ʻole ka māhu.

Video: mālama mālama gooseberry

ʻO nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā ʻano gooseberry Masheka

ʻO nā mea kākau o nā ʻano ʻo Masheka i ʻōlelo he kūlohelohe nā gooseberries i nā maʻi he nui. Eia nō naʻe, ma lalo o nā kūlana pōʻino, pili ʻia ia i nā maʻi maʻamau e like me ka anthracnose, septoria a me ka powdery kalo.

Papa pākaukau: nā maʻi a me nā ʻano hana e pili ana me lākou

ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi: nā maʻi maʻi i hōʻike i ka gooseberry Mashek

Kāohi, halihali a me ka waiho ʻana o nā huaʻai

ʻO nā mea wailele ʻo Gooseberry Masheka, no laila pono ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili me nā lima lima e pale aku iā ʻoe mai nā ʻokiʻoki a me nā hōʻeha. I ka hiki ʻana aku o ka wā ulu, huli ka huaʻai i ka ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. ʻAʻole lākou e hina mai ka ulu lāʻau, no laila hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i nā hua āpau i ka manawa.

Hoʻopaʻa paʻa ka huaʻai i nā ʻōpala, mālama i ko lākou ʻano a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma lalo o nā pōpilikia, no ka laʻana, i ka ua nui.

Inā makemake ʻoe e halihali i nā gooseberries, ua ʻoi ʻia e koho i nā hua hua liʻiliʻi iki (ma kahi o hoʻokahi hebedoma ma mua o ka piha ʻana). Ua waiho ʻia lākou ma loko o nā hīnaʻi a i ʻole nā ​​kīʻaha plastik me ka ʻole e pani i ka uhi. I kēia kūlana, hiki ke mālama i nā hua no nā lā 2-3.

Hiki i nā Gooseberries ke noho hou no kahi 2 wiki i loko o ka friji. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia lākou mai nā mea hoʻokaʻawale a me nā lau, holoi ʻia a waiho ʻia i loko o nā ʻeke kirihou perforated, i.e. kāwili me ka wehe ʻana o ka hoʻoweliweli.

Maikaʻi maikaʻi nā lako gooseberries, ʻaʻole wale nō ia me ka leʻaleʻa a me ke kaʻa hoʻi

No ka mālama lōʻihi, hiki i nā ʻōmole ke hoʻokaʻawale a ʻai ʻia paha. Hana nā Gooseberries i nā hoʻomākaukau maikaʻi loa me kahi leʻaleʻa iono ono: nā jam, nā compotes, mālama.

Hōʻike nā māla i nā mea ulu Masoseberries Mashek

Manaʻo wau i ka mīkiniʻano ikaika loa o Mashek, ʻoi aku ka momona a me ka momona. E hoʻopau wau iā ia me nā ʻanoʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe o nā ʻano leʻaleʻa.

Nelly

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Nani ke nani, ʻokoʻa loa ke kala o nā huaʻai. ʻAʻole ʻoe e hele, e hoʻopau nō ʻoe. Ma ka ʻono no ka ʻoluʻolu, ʻaʻole maikaʻi kekahi, aʻo kekahi ua ʻoluʻolu wale.

paionia 2

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He ʻulaʻula, he elongated, ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka ʻōlapa. ʻRefʻole ʻia, ʻulaʻula, nā hua liʻiliʻi, nā ʻono a me nā ʻono, ʻono. Ke ulu nei au me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka mālama ʻana. Kahu ka lāʻau, pono ia e pena. Noho nā lālā ma lalo o ke kaumaha o nā hua - makemake ʻoe i ke kākoʻo. E hōʻiliʻili ʻia ai i ka makahiki mua o Iulai.

Michailo

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Hoʻomanaʻo wau i kekahi mau ʻano kupanaha maikaʻi - ʻo Mashek, i koʻu manaʻo, ʻo ia ʻo Belarusian.

Tamara

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ʻO nā ʻano Belarusian loa o Gooseberry Mashek i loaʻa ʻole nā ​​pōmaikaʻi. He wai momona a he kala hoihoi maikaʻi loa. ʻO Masheka ka hoʻoilo-paʻakikī a kūpono i ka mahiʻai i ka Central Central. E hoʻohua ka hua i ka hua no 20 mau makahiki, ʻoiai he mālama iki ka gooseberry, ua lawa ia e hoʻokō maʻamau i mua o ka waiho ʻana i nā hua waina a ma hope o ka hāʻule o ka lau.