Ke papa inoa o nā māhele a me nāʻano o nā kumu mua

ʻO nāʻano likeʻole o nāʻano'ōpiopio e pili i ka helu o nāʻano a me keʻano o nāʻano pua. ʻO keʻano o kēiaʻano he 550 mauʻano, aʻo ka hana a ka poʻeʻepekema e pili ana i ka uluʻana o nāʻano hou,ʻaʻole e pau. No ka hoʻouka houʻana i kēia mea nui, pono ia e puʻunaue i nāʻano'ōmua i nā paukū. Hoʻonohonoho kēlā mea kēia mea i keʻano likeʻole e like me kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona.

Keʻike neiʻoe? Ma muli o ka kapaʻia o ka primrose me nā pua, i hōʻiliʻiliʻia i loko o keʻano o ke kīpopo i ke kī o nā ki, nui ka poʻe Slavic i hōʻike iā ia me nā kī e wehe i ke ala o ke aupuni'ōmaʻomaʻo o ke kauwela i ka puna. A ma Germany ke'ōlelo nei lākouʻo lākou nā ki o ka maleʻana.

Mealy Primrose Section

ʻO kēia koho i kahi o 90 mauʻano mea kanu,ʻo keʻano hilinaʻi o ia mea he palemele mealyal melemele a keʻokeʻo paha ma luna o nā lau,ʻoiai mai ka lalo. ʻO nā pua lilac,ʻulaʻula, melemele a keʻokeʻo paha. ʻO nā manawa momona o ka pua eʻoi aku ka pōkole ma mua o nā petalx petals. ʻO nā lālā he mau makahiki. ʻO ka mea nui,ʻo nāʻano he nui ka home i Asia. Hoʻonui maikaʻi ka mea kanu i nā lepo momona i lako i ka humus a he kiʻekiʻe ka wela. Pono nā lālā i kahi hoʻomaha no ka hoʻoilo. Loaʻa i ka koho i nāʻano kumu maʻamau penei:

• ʻO ka Primula no Norwegian (R. finmarchica) kahi kanu ulu nui a hiki i 20 knm ke kiʻekiʻe.ʻO nā pua keʻanoʻulaʻula a iʻole ka'ōmaʻomaʻo i ka pena, i hoʻonohoʻia ma nā lōʻihi o 3-5 mau'āpana i loko o ka hoʻoponopono umauma. Nā kiʻi i hōʻiliʻiliʻia i loko o ka hae. Ke ulu nei ia mai Eastern Europe a hiki i kahi o ka tundra. ʻO ka wā uluʻo Iune-Iulai.
• ʻO Mealy Primula (R. farinosa) he mea kanu nui o keʻano. He 15-20 kapuaʻi ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka lau he 8 knm ka lōʻihi, ma ka'āpana maikaʻi, e loaʻa i kahi pāpale keʻokeʻo mealy. ʻO nā pua pua me ke anawela o 1 knm e haku ai i kahi hoʻopalima. ʻO ko lākouʻili ke lilac a keʻokeʻo paha me kahi kikowaena kōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka wā uluʻo May-Iune. Hoʻohanaʻia i loko o nā lāʻau lāʻau no dermatitis a hoʻonui i ka uluʻana o ka lauoho.
• Daryal primula (R. darialica);
• ʻO ke Kaulikeʻo Haller (R. halleri);
• ʻO Primula Hungen (R. chungensis);
• ʻO ke kumu o Scott scotica (R. scotica);
• ʻO Primula (R. frondosa);
• ʻO ke kinoʻo Primula (R. nivalis);
• Siberian mua (R. sibirica);
• ʻO ke kumuhana (R. algida) a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

ʻO Section OREOPHLOMIS

ʻO ka māhele o ka pūʻulu o nā primroses me ka nui o ka pua pua a me ka pua. Kū i ka wā ulu i ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka puna. ʻO ko lākou hiʻohiʻona nui he mau lālāʻoluʻolu me nā niho liʻiliʻi ma ka lihi a me ka puaʻaʻeleʻele i kahi waena melemele. ʻO ka luna o kēia māhele

• ʻO ka'ōmoleʻo Primula (R. Rosea) - he mea kanu me nā pua nani o nā pua puaʻalani 12-15 cm ka lōʻihi. Hiki ke holo i ka mahinaʻo Mei. Hoʻomaka ka uluʻana o nā lau ma hope o ka uluʻana a lilo i'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo i kaʻula. Kōleʻaʻo ia i ka lepo momona, nā hopena ma ka māheleʻana i ka nāhelehele i ka hapa mua o ke kauwela aiʻole nā ​​hua.

Wahi Auricular

Ke hui pū nei ka mahele i 21 mauʻano primroses, nona ka'āina i kapaʻiaʻoʻEulopa. Kūleʻa nā lālā i kaʻulaʻula, ke lilac, nā puaʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo. He lauwili nā lau, a ua uhiʻia nā kī a me nā pua e ka pua mealy. Kūkulu nā kanu i nāʻanoʻano e lūlūʻia i ka hāʻule, a ulu i ka punawai a i nā māhele o ka rhizomes. Ma hope o ka lūlūʻana, pono ia e kāpīpī i nā hua me kahi'ōmole o ke one. E noʻonoʻo i nā mea nui o kēia māhele:

• Ke poʻo mua a iʻole keʻano (R. auriculaL.) - kahi kanu kanuʻole a me ka hoʻoilo. Makemake i kahi māla'āina, he'āina momona i loko o ka puna calcium, a kahi kahi lā a me kahi pale. ʻO ka lāʻau nui loa i loaʻa iʻEnelani. ʻO nā lau, he mau palahalaha,ʻeleʻele, a me nā cloves ma ka lihi. ʻO ka'ōlohelohe keʻano o nā pua melemele, aʻo nā hybrids heʻano likeʻole.
• ʻO ka primrose puka (R. x pubescensJacq.) - he lāpili o ke kumu holomua. Ua loaʻa mai ka nui o nā hua mua o nāʻano laulā mai kēiaʻano. Ua hoʻokaʻawaleʻia kēiaʻano i nā Primroses Belgian (me kaʻole o ka pahuʻeleʻele, hoʻokahi aʻelua paha mau'ōmaʻomaʻo me ka maka'ōmaʻomaʻo), English (me kahi patina mealy, pua nani me nā maka keʻokeʻo mai ke kikowaena), terry.
• Delecluse primula (R. clusiana);
• ʻO nā maka'āinana mua (Рrimula hirsutaAll, P. rubraF. Gmel.);
• ʻO Primula Carnioli (R. carniolica);
• Heʻuʻuku ka primrose (P.minima);
• Kaumua Primula (P. Marginata).

ʻO Cortus Primrose Section

Hoʻokomo ka lālā i nāʻano he 24 o nā primroses. ʻO ka ulu me ka papa lepoʻole. ʻO nā lau he petioles, a heʻano honi ka pua. Hiki i nāʻano ke ulu i loko o nā'āina momona ma ka lā a ma ka malu malu. Hoʻopiliʻia e nāʻanoʻano, a me Siebold mua - ma ka māheleʻana i nā rhizomes. ʻO nā māhele nui o kēia māhele:

• ʻO Primula Cortus (R. cortusoides) -ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau o kēia māhele a uaʻikeʻia maiʻEulopa a Siberia. He wīlā kūʻokoʻa ke ākea. ʻO nā lau he oval-like me ke kaula i hoʻopaʻaʻia, i hoʻonohoʻia ma nā petioles lōʻihi. Ma nā'ākuhi o ka puka āpau (10-40 cm) ua hoʻokomoʻia nā'āpana pale viola-violin. He hohonu hohonu nā pua i waenakonu aʻaʻole iʻoi aku i ka 2 knm ke anawaena.ʻO ka manawa uluʻo Mei-Iune no nā lā he 35-40.
• ʻO ke kumu pōhaku (R. saxatilis) - he ulu lāʻau nui a hiki i 30 knm ke kiʻekiʻe. Ua wehe nā lau i nāʻaoʻao a me ka hale wrinkled. ʻO ka lālā ulu kahiʻoʻApelila-June. Makemakeʻo ia e pale i ke kau. Alohaʻo ia i ka loamy, lapuwale, kahi maloʻo a me ka lā wela. Hoʻohui pinepineʻia no ka hanaʻana i nā puʻu pōhaku. Hiki ke hoʻomake i ka lāʻau make.
• ʻO ka primrose he nerve nui (R. polyneura)
• Pāpāʻo Primula (R. patens ʻO Turcz);
• ʻO Zipold's primula (R. sieboldii).

ʻO ka niho Primrose Section

Ke hui pū nei kēia māhele i nāʻano o nā primroses, aʻo ka pua o ia mea e hōʻiliʻiliʻia ai i kahiʻike nui o ka loli. ʻO nā māhele nui o kēia māhele:

• ʻO ke kumu nui loa (R. denticulata Smith) - Kapaʻiaʻo Kina i kahi hānau hānau o ka mea kanu. Hoʻopihaʻia ka mea kanu me kahi pua'ōmaʻa mealy. He nui nā laulā āpau, he'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo i ka laulā, i ka wā o ka uluʻana he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 20 cm, a ma hope o ka uluʻana - e hiki i ka 40 knm He mau keʻokeʻo, heʻulaʻula, a lilac paha nā pua. ʻO ka lālā ulu kahiʻoʻApelila no 30-40 mau lā. Hoʻonui ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka hua. Ke nānā nei i ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo. Loaʻa i kahi lā a me kahi pale malu.
• Kaumuaʻo Primula (R. Capitata).

ʻO ka mahele Julia

Hoʻokahi wale nōʻano a me kāna mau kāpili i komo i loko o ka māhele:

• ʻO Primula Iulia (R. juliaeKusn.) - ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻena he 10 knm. He pōkole ka liʻiliʻi, keʻano like, he polish i keʻano. ʻO nā lau he oval-like, he'ōmaʻomaʻo māmā me nā niho ma ka liʻiliʻi, i hoʻonohoʻia ma nā petioles lōʻihi. ʻO nā kinikini kūpono - e hiki i ka 15 knm ka lōʻihi. Hoʻopiʻi i ka 3 knm ke anawaena, hoʻonohonohoʻia i hoʻokahi me kekahi a me kaʻaʻahu violin-lilac. He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka'ōmole a hiki i ka 2 knm. Wā kahiki -ʻApelila-Mei. Ke hōʻoia nei i nāʻano kumu kūponoʻole a me nā malu o nā'ōpala.
• ʻO Prigula Pruhonitskaya (R. x pruhonicianahort.) - Iuliana hybrids, hui pū i nāʻanoʻokoʻa he nui.

Wahi Muscario

Hoʻokomoʻia ka mahele i 17 mauʻano, i likeʻole i keʻano o nā mea hewa ma keʻano o nā koleka kiko'ī. Ke nānāʻiaʻo'Asia ka wahi hānau o kēia mauʻano. Aia nā lālā i nā biennials, no laila, no ka uluʻana o ka makahiki he pono ke kanu i nā mea kanu hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka mālamaʻana i ka nui o ka wai i ka wā e ulu ana a me kahi hoʻomaha no ka hoʻoilo.

• ʻO Primula Viala (R. vialii) - pili i nā mea kanu. Hiki ke kiʻekiʻe i 50 knm.ʻO nā inflorescences he spiciform, lilac-lahilahi ka lau. He nunui nā lau, a wīwī. ʻO ka lālā ulu kahi Iune-Iulai no 30-40 mau lā. Kōleʻaʻo ia i nā momona, nā momona, nā'āina maloʻo a me kahi lā a me kahi kūponoʻole. I ka wā hoʻomaha e pono ai kahi hoʻomaha.
• ʻO ka muskarevid primrose (R. muscarioides).

ʻO kahi mahele nui

Hoʻopili ka lālā i nāʻanoʻano maʻalahi a me ka ulu o ka'ōmoku holomua me ka lepoʻole. Hoʻouka houʻia kēia mauʻanoʻano a me ka kaʻawaleʻana o nā lāʻau.

Aia ka māhele i nāʻano penei:

• ʻO ka pele Primula (R. amoena) - pili i nā mea kanu. Ke ulu nei ia i ka Caucasus a me ka Turkey. Hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka 20 knm.ʻO nā lau he oval-like, a hiki i ka 7 knm, me nā petioles pokole a me nā niho maikaʻi ma ka lihi. Ma luna - kele, lalo - velvety. Ke piʻi ka lōʻihi o ka peduncle i 18 knm. Ua hōʻiliʻiliʻia nā pua o ka viole i ka'āpono o ka palahalaha i kaʻaoʻao hoʻokahi. Ma luna o hoʻokahi pihi i ka 10 mau pua me ke anawaena o 2-2.5 wm.
• Ke ulu nei ke kumukūʻau stemless (R. vulgaris) ma ke Komohana a me Central Europe, ma ka Hikina Hikina, ma Small and Central Asia, ma Aferika'ākau. Hikiʻole nā ​​lau o ka mea kanu, i mālamaʻia kekahi o lākou i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO nā kinipōkeke he 20cm ka lōʻihi, ma laila he pua nani o ka'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo a he keʻokeʻo paha me ke kalaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele i 4 knm ke anawaena. Hoʻokuʻi hou i ka mahina o Kepakemapa.
• ʻO Primula kiʻekiʻe (R. elatior);
• Abkhazian Primula (R. abchasica);
• ʻO Primula Voronova (R. woronowii);
• ʻO Primula Pallas (R. pallasii);
• ʻO Primula Komarova (R. komarovii) a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

ʻO Candelabra Primrose Section

Aia ka māhele i 30 mauʻano o primroses. Ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ke kauwela iʻikeʻia i nā hōʻailona, ​​i hoʻonohonohoʻia i loko o nā apo, no laila ua kapaʻia ua kumu nei he candrobra primrose.. Mālama kahi mālama no ka hoʻoilo. Aia kēia māhele i nāʻano penei:

• ʻO Primula Primoa (R. japonica) -ʻO Japan a me nā mokupuniʻo Kuril kahi i hānauʻia o ka mea kanu. Ma luna o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe 40-50 cm ke lōʻihi o nā lālā ulaula a keʻokeʻo paha i hoʻonohonohoʻia ma nāʻaoʻaoʻekolu. Hiki i kēia mau lālā ke piʻi aʻe i 4-5 mau'āpana. Kū ka mea kanu ma Iune a me Iulai. Kōleʻaʻo ia i kahi lepo lepo momona me kekahi wahi ma ka penumbra a me ka malu. Hoʻopi ka pua i ka lā. I ka wā hoʻomaha e pono ai kahi hoʻomaha. Hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻiʻia nā lālā transplanting ma hope koke o ka uluʻana - iʻAukake.
• ʻO Powdered primula (R. pulverulenta) - kahi i manaʻoʻia he wahi hānau o ka mea kanu. ʻO keʻano o kēiaʻanoʻo ka'ōpuʻu keʻokeʻo ma luna o nā peduncles a me nā lau o ka mea kanu. ʻO kahi o nā candrosal primroses maikaʻi loa.
• ʻO Bissa primula (R. beesiana);
• Kokburna primula (P. coekburniana);
• ʻO Primula Bulley (R. bulleyana), a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

He mea nui! ʻO ka'ōmua ke loaʻa nā paʻakai o ka manganese. Māhuahua nā lau o ka mea kanu i ka waika ascorbic a me ka paila, no laila eʻaiʻia i ka'ōpiopio. ʻO ka rhizomes nā saponins, nāʻaila nui, nā glycosides. Hoʻohanaʻia lākou i lāʻau lapaʻau no ka rumatika, nā maʻi o ka'ōpū, ma keʻano he diuretic. Māhanaʻia nā lau no nā anu anu, noʻonoʻo, nāʻeha.

Keʻano o ka hoʻohuiʻiaʻana o nāʻanoʻano kumu

ʻO nā mea kanu Kelemānia e hoʻolālāʻia nāʻano mua e like me keʻano a me kahi o nā inflorescences.

Kuhi

ʻO kēia hui e komo ana i nāʻano o nā primroses me nā kinikini kū hoʻokahi, kahi e piʻi aʻe ma luna o nā lau o ka mea kanu.

• ʻO Primula Voronova (R. Woronovvii);
• Prugonitskaya primula (R. x pruhoniciana);
• ʻO Primula maʻamau aʻanoʻole (R. vulgaris = P. Acaulis);
• ʻO Primula Julia (R. Juliae);
• ʻO ke kumu nui (R. Minima).

Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻO ka wahine aloha nuiʻo Liliʻuokalani Nui. Ua makemake nuiʻo ia i ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana o nā mea kani o kekahi grandee, a ua hāʻawiʻo ia iā ia i ke kaumaha. I ka lā aʻe, ua laweʻia ka hōʻiliʻili a pau i ka Hōlaʻau Ula ma St. Petersburg.

Māʻalu

Aia kekahiʻanoʻano o primroses, aʻo nā pua o ia mea e hōʻiliʻiliʻia i kahi pale umauma. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka peduncle, e piʻi aʻe ma luna o ka'ō'ī o ka lau, he 20 knm.

• ʻO ke kumu'ōmua (R. Veris);
• Siebold Primula a hōʻole paha (R. sieboldii = R. Patens);
• ʻO Primula kiʻekiʻe (R. Elatior);
• He polyanthic ka primrose a iʻole he hua'ōlelo nui (R. Poliantha);
• ʻO ka'ōmoleʻo Primula (R. Rosea);
• Ke poʻo mua a me keʻano o ke kino (R. Auricula).

ʻO Capitolate a iʻole ka honua

Ke hui pū nei kēia hui i nāʻano o nā primroses, ka mea i hoʻomoʻiliʻia i kona mau pua i loko o nā mea nui. He pula ka pona, a i ka uluʻana o ka ulu, hiki i ka 20 cm ka lōʻihi, ai ka manawa o ka hoʻouluʻana a hiki i 45 knm.

• Kaumuaʻo Primula (R. Capitata);
• ʻO Primula maikaʻi loa (R. Denticulata).

Hoʻopili

Loaʻa nā Primroses o kēia hui i nā kuʻuna nui o loko o nā hui. ʻO nā pīkole ikaika a like me keʻano o kahi candelabra.

• ʻO Bissa Primula (R. Beesiana);
• ʻO Bullei Primula (R. Bulleyana);
• ʻO Powdered mua (R. Pulverulenta);
• Nā Primula Primole (R. Japonica).

Keʻano o Bell

Aia kēia pūʻulu i nā'ōmole me nā pua nani, i hoʻonohonohoʻia ma luna aʻe o ka'ō'ī o nā lau ma luna o nā paepae kiʻekiʻe o nā kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka mea kaulana loa o kēia mau mea:

• ʻO Primula Florinda (P. florindae);
• ʻO Sikkim Primrose (P. Sikldensis).

• ʻO Primula Cortus (R. Cortusoides);
• ʻO Primula Komarova (R. Komarowii);
• Siberian mua (R. Sibirica);
• Mealy Primula (R. farinosa);
• ʻO Primula Ruprecht (P. ruprechtii);
• ʻO Primula Orchid aʻo Vialla (R. Vialii);
• Kaumua nui (P. Macrocalyx);
• Norwegian Primula (P. Finmarchica);
• ʻO Primula Pallas (R. Pallasii);
• Kaumua Primula (R. margininata);
• ʻO ke kinoʻo Primula (R. Nivalis);
• ʻO Chionanta primula (P.chionantha);
• ʻO ke kumu o Primula (R. Algida);
• ʻO ka Primrose Scottish (R. Scotica).

He mea nui! Ua'ōlelo ka poʻeʻepekema e hōʻike ana nā primroses i ka luaʻi pele. Uaʻikeʻia aia ma ka mokupuniʻo Java Royal primrose wale nō i ke ahiahi o ka heheʻeʻana. Manaʻoʻiaʻo ke kumu o kēia hikiʻana he ultrasonic vibrations e hoʻonui i ka holoʻana o ka wai i loko o ka mea kanu, i hiki ai i ka pua i manaʻoʻoleʻia.

Hoʻohuiʻo Primrose i nā kumu maikaʻi:ʻaʻole lākou e koi ana i ka uluʻana o ka ulu, ke ulu a me ka lōʻihi, e kū'ē i ke anu anuanu, a hoʻopiha i kā lākou mau mea i nā mea momona.