Nā'Ōlelo

No nā mea aloha i kaʻohi muaʻana - kaʻuala "Bryansk delicacy": hōʻike o nāʻano a me nāʻano

ʻO ka Potato Bryansk Delicacy - heʻano hoʻolaha aʻano likeʻole e noi pono i ka poʻe aloha i ka'ōlaʻi mua.

ʻAʻole i liʻiliʻi iki i nā maʻi, wikiwiki a me nā pūpū kōpū. ʻO ka'ōpala i mālama ponoʻia, kūpono no ke kūʻaiʻana a iʻole ka hana hanaʻoihana.

ʻO keʻano kiko'ī o keʻano, nāʻano nui, nā mea kanu a me nā kiʻi eʻike houʻia ma ka puke.

ʻO ka huaʻaiʻo Potato Bryansk: wehewehe o kaʻano

Kapa inoaʻO ka meaʻaiʻo Bryansk
Nā kūlana kikowaenaka papa pākaukau, mālama i ka halihali a me nā hanaʻino
ʻO ka wā hōʻike70-80 mau lā
ʻO Kalikua kaʻoluʻolu15-18%
Ka pinepine o kaʻoihana kūʻai70-120 gr
ʻO ka nui o nā mea kanu i loko o ka nāhelehele12-15
E hāʻawi160-300 c / ha
ʻO ka pono o ka meaʻaika meaʻono maikaʻi loa, kiʻekiʻe i nā amino acids, beta-carotene a me ka protein
Kūkākūkā94%
ʻO kaʻili keleka'ōlena
Pulp ka pā'ōlena'ōmaʻomaʻo
ʻO nā wahi kanu i makemakeʻiaCentral
ʻO ke kūlana maʻihiki ke kū'ē i ka maʻi kanmaha, nematode, mosaic banded, leaf curl
Nāʻano o ka uluʻanakeʻenehanaʻoihana pāhana
Ka mea hoʻomakaʻO ka Research Institute o Potato Farm i kapaʻia ma hope o A.G. Lorha (Rusia)

Nāʻano

ʻO ka pipi Potatoes Bryansk Delicacy e pili ana i ka papaʻaina. Kūpono ka huahua, ma muli o ke aniau a me ka waiwai o ka lepo mai 1 hectare, hiki iāʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili mai 160 a 300 mau kenetena o nā uala i kohoʻia.

Ka palapala kākau kūikawā kiʻekiʻe - 300 mau kānana no hoʻokahi hekita. Ua mālama maikaʻiʻia nā'ōlaʻiʻuala, no ka manawa lōʻihi me ka halaʻole o nāʻano waiwai. Ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻa e hiki ai.

ʻO nā pahū heʻano liʻiliʻi ka nui, akā,ʻo ka'ōwiliʻana, me ka nui'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo. He nunui nā lau, heʻeleʻele uliuli, me nā'āpana wīwī liʻiliʻi a me nā māmā.

ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o Corollas,ʻohiʻia mai ke keʻokeʻo, ka liʻiliʻi a me ka hāʻule pinepineʻana o nā pua. ʻAʻole haʻahaʻa ka papa hana Berry. He mana ke kumu pakiaka, 12-15 keʻikeʻia nāʻano koho ma lalo o kēlā me kēia ulu.

ʻO ka helu o nā mea kūʻaiʻole i ke kumukūʻai, he mea liʻiliʻi, aʻaʻole kokoke i hoʻokumuʻia nā hua'ōpala. Ma muli o nāʻano ulu ulu, ua like ka māmā o ke kōpena mai 89 a 98%.

A ma ka papa ma lalo nei, eʻikeʻoe he aha nā mea i loaʻa a me ka pakeneka o ka loaʻaʻana o ka'ōpili ma nāʻano iʻa'ē aʻe:

Kapa inoaKa huahana (c / ha)Ka kūʻai kūʻai Tuber (%)
Lemongrass195-32096
Melody180-64095
ʻO Margarita300-40096
ʻO Alladin450-50094
ʻO ka wiwoʻole160-43091
Nani400-45094
Grenada60097
ʻO ka hale hānai180-38095

He mea maʻalahi ka kanuʻana. ʻO Pīpī makemakeʻo ia i nā'āina momona māmā me ka nui o ke one a me ka lepoʻeleʻele.

Pono pono e kanuʻia nā kumupena ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻiaʻana o ka lepo, e'ōlelo pinepine pinepineʻia ana, e hoʻomaikaʻiʻia nā wai inu kūpono. Hoʻololi maikaʻi keʻano likeʻole i kaʻaʻahu luna, keʻano o nā kolekela me nā mea mea lāʻau. Pehea a me ka wā e hoʻokomo ai i ka meaʻai, a me pehea e hana ai i ke kanuʻana, e heluhelu i kēlā me kēia kiʻi o kā mākou pūnaewele.

Hoʻokaʻina hiki i nā maʻiʻinoʻeha: ka hanuʻana o ka potato, nematode keleo gula, ka huakaʻi pale helena aiʻole ka mosaic banded, rhizoctoniosis. A me nā maʻi kūponoʻole hiki i ka maʻiʻeleʻele o nā lau, hikiʻole i nā'ōmaʻomaʻo o ka pōʻeleʻele keʻeha.

ʻO Pīpī He meaʻono kona momona. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale aʻaʻole e pōuliuli i kaʻokiʻana, mālama i keʻano'ōpiopio a me ka naluʻeleʻele maikaʻi.

Hiki ke kuʻiʻia nā kōpena, hiki ke kāluaʻia, paʻiʻia, kāhuʻia, kāpiliʻia, hoʻohanaʻia e hana i nā pīpīʻuala a iʻole nā ​​paʻi. He maikaʻi hoʻi ka'ōpiopio no nā hanaʻoihanaʻoihana, a hana lākou i nā mea momona nani. Hoʻopiliʻia ia ma ka nui o ka mākiko i loko o nā kōpura, i loko o kēlā me kēiaʻano he 15 a 18%.

ʻO ka nui o ka mākia i loko o ka'ōpomi potato o nāʻano likeʻole:

Kapa inoaʻO Regarch
ʻO Lāhina maikaʻi12-16%
'Onohanai ka 15%
Labella13-15%
ʻO Bellarosa12-16%
Riviera12-16%
Karatop11-15%
Veneta13-15%
ʻO Gala14-16%
Zhukovsky kakahiaka10-12%
Lorch15-20%

Kaomi

Kūlana Bryansk Delicacy i hānaiʻia e nā hoaaloha Lūkini. Ua laweʻia mai i ka Registry State o ka Russian Federation i ka makahiki 2002. Zoned no ka Central Central, akā hiki ke ulu i kēlā me kēia wahi me kaʻano mahana a me ke anuanu.

ʻO ke kanuʻana paha ma nāʻoihana mahihana, ka uluʻana ma nā mahiʻai a me nā mahi'āina kūʻokoʻa. He kūpono kūpono ke kūʻaiʻana i ka pipi. Ua mālama maikaʻiʻia nā hua kanu, ʻAʻole hiki i nā hua o ka hua ke hoʻololiʻia.

E heluhelu hou aʻe e pili ana i ka mālamaʻana o nāʻuala i ka hoʻoilo, i nā pahu, i'ōpala, i ka friji, a me ka manawa i nā mea kiko'ī o kā mākou pūnaewele.

Hoʻokaʻaʻike

Hōʻike ka kiʻi i ka potato Bryansk Delicacy:

Nā ikaika a me nā nāwaliwali

Ma waena o nā mea nui ʻokoʻa:

  • maikaʻi i nā'ōpū;
  • ka uluʻana o ka ulu mua;
  • Hoʻokipa maikaʻiʻia;
  • nā hua maikaʻi maikaʻi o nā hua'ōmaʻa;
  • ʻaʻole iʻeha i kaʻeliʻana;
  • nā hua kiʻekiʻe;
  • ke kūpono o ka hana hanaʻoihanaʻoihana;
  • ke kū'ē i nā maʻi nui.

ʻAʻole i hoʻonohonohoʻia nā pōpilikia i kaʻano likeʻole.

Nāʻano o ka uluʻana

Ma mua o ka kanuʻana, pono e 'ohiʻia nā kōpura, maloʻo, i hoʻoponoponoʻia e nā mea hoʻolaha ulu. Hoʻokumuʻia ka weheweheʻana ma ka mālamalama a iʻole i ka wana lepo.

Ke kanuʻana i nā meaʻai nui loa,ʻaʻole i hōʻinoʻia e nā meaʻeha aʻaʻole i hoʻopiliʻia e nā maʻi. ʻAʻole hiki ke kūʻaiʻia kaʻohiʻai maikaʻiʻole. ʻAʻole i hāpaiʻia ka mea kanu i ka'ūla,ʻaʻole hiki ke paʻi i mua o ka uluʻana.

Ma mua o ke kanuʻana, ua weheʻia ka lepo, a kohoʻia nā koena o nā koina mai ia mea, a hiki ke lilo i kumu hoʻohāpai no nā hua bacteria a me nā larvae o nā meaʻeha. Hoʻokomoʻia ka piko o humus, ka lehu ahi, a iʻole ka nui o ka superphosphate i loko o ka lepo.

Aia nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi i kahi mamao o 30-35 cm mai kekahi me kekahi,ʻo nā wēlau o waena o 60-70 cm ka mea e pono ai ka'ōwili'ōwili. Mālama kēia i ka kanuʻana mai nā mauhelehele a kōkua i ke kauaʻana i nā mea'ā.

ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻaʻana i nāʻano kanu mua hiki ke hala 45 mau lā ma hope o ka pukaʻana o nā wana. I nā'āpana me ka mahana, nā kauwela lōʻihi, hiki ke kanu i ka pālaʻi iʻelua manawa.

I ka manawa like,ʻo kaʻohi i hōʻiliʻiliʻia i ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka wā kanu e hoʻomaopopoʻia i ka mālamaʻana i ka maikaʻi, he mea pono ke hoʻohanaʻana i ka meaʻai ma hope koke o kaʻeliʻana.

No kaʻohiʻana i nā mea kanu kanu iʻoi loa nā mea kanu, ua kākau muaʻia nāʻano ulu a me nā meaʻoi aku me nā kikokikona nani. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻopiliʻia nā mea kanu a pāwaʻiʻia e nā meaʻeha. Hoʻopiʻiʻia nāʻano kanu i nāʻano kūpono,ʻaʻole i hōʻoleʻia nā'āpana waiwaiʻole.

Pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ponoʻia ka'ōlaʻiʻuala ma ka mahina aiʻole ma lalo o kahi poho. ʻO ka Potatoes i makemakeʻia e kūʻai aku hiki ke hoʻokomoʻia ma hope koke iho o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana.

Hoʻomaopopo mākou i kekahi mau mea pono ma nāʻano'ē aʻe e kanu ai i kaʻuala: ma lalo o ka mauʻu, i nāʻeke, i nāʻala, i nāʻenehana Dutch.

ʻO nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha

Nui keʻano ākea i nā maʻi nui o nightshade. ʻAʻohe o ka hopena i ka kanesa o ka potato, ka pāpaʻi, ka nematode hōkū gula, a me ka rhizoctoniosis.

Hoʻomaopopo ka ulu mua i ka'ōmaʻomaʻo mai ka hopena o ka'ōpū, akā hiki i kēia maʻi ke hoʻopili i nā lau o nā mea kanu. Inā loaʻa kahi maʻi, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ke kanu me nā pāpale keleawe.

No ka paleʻana i nā'ōpoki i kohiʻia, a me ka lepo ma mua o ka hoʻouluʻana i ka pūpū puhi. Mai nāʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele o nā wāwaeʻeleʻele e mālama i ka hoʻokomoʻana o ka lehu ahi.

E heluhelu i nāʻike kūpono no Alternaria, Verticilliasis, Fusarium.

Hōʻiliʻili nā'ōpiopio i nā'ōpala i nā'ōpala. ʻO ka hapanui o nā manawa, nā mea kanu e pāʻia e ka beet beet, aphids, mimili spider. I ka wā e hoʻoulu ai i ka wāwae a me ka maheleʻana i waena o nā lālani me ka mauʻu a me ka mauʻu o ka mowed, e kōkua iā lākou e hoʻonele i nā palapona.

ʻO ka hakakāʻana i ka'ōpala potato potato a me kona mau'ūhā i lilo pinepine i mea pilikia loa no nā māla.

Ke lawe aku nei mākou i kou mau manaʻo he mau kumuhana e pili ana i nā hōʻailona a me nā papa hana hoʻoikaika kino e hiki ai ke pale aku i ka pilikia.

ʻO nā pēlēlā (nā kiko o ka pīpī kaomi) he kumu nui ka poino i nā kanu. Mai ia ia e hoʻopakele ai i ka'ōmole huawai kūpono. Pono e hoʻololi i kēlā me kēia 2-3 makahiki no ke kanuʻana i nā mea kanu. ʻO nā wahi i hoʻolālāʻia e hoʻouluʻia me kaʻaila a me ka phacelia.

ʻO ka mea kanuʻo Bryansk Delicacy e hoʻopiha pono i kona inoa. He maikaʻi a nani nā kumukū, ua kūpono lākou no ka hanaʻana o nāʻoihana a me ka hoʻomākaukauʻana o nā pālahalaha. ʻAʻole hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i nā mea kanu, hiki ke ohiʻia no nā kanuʻana no nā makahiki he nui.

Ke hāpai pū nei mākou iāʻoe eʻike i nāʻano likeʻole e like me nāʻano lōʻihi:

KulahanaKaumuaWahi nui i ke kakahiaka
Ka mea kanuʻO Bellarosa'Onohana
ʻO MinervaʻO TimoMaikaʻi
KirandaʻO ke kaiWahineʻAmelika
KaratopʻO ArosaKrone
PaʻiImpalaHōʻike
MeteorZorakkaʻO Elizabeth
Zhukovsky kakahiakaʻO ColetteVega
RivieraKamenskyNā Tiras