ʻO ka pipi he punawai nui o ka ikaika no ke kanaka, no ka mea,ʻo kēiaʻiʻo ka meaʻoi loa e hoʻopiha ai i nā mea e pono ai ke kino no nā kumu hua me nā hua hua.
ʻO nā bipi a me nā bipi momona, e like me keʻano, he nui loa, ulu nui lākou, a he kiʻekiʻe ka meaʻai i nā calories.
ʻO nā bipi momona a aneaneʻaʻole lākou e hāʻawi i ka waiū, a ma ke kālā waiwai ma mua o nā wāhine o ka mea laʻau a meaʻai a me nā wahi lawaiʻa.
No ka wā lōʻihi o ka mahiʻai, uaʻikeʻia kekahi mauʻano o nāʻano, i ke ala maikaʻi loa e hōʻike i ka pahuhopu no ka pono e hānaiʻia ai kēia mau bipi a hānaiʻia.
Hōʻike i kēia mauʻano hilinaʻi āu e loaʻa ai i kēia mea.
He mau bipi wahine kēiaʻo Hereford
ʻO kaʻohanaʻo Hereford kekahi o nāʻano kaulana a kaulana loa o ka honua.
ʻO kaʻeleʻele o kēia mau holoholona heʻeleʻeleʻulaʻula, akā,ʻo ke poʻo, ua maloʻo,ʻo ka'ōpū, dewlap, kahi polu me ka hapalua o nā lālā i penaʻia i keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka ihu o kēia mau bipi he'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo.
ʻO ke kumukānāwai o nā Lunamaka'āinana o kēia lāhui heʻanoʻiʻo ia. ʻO ke kau i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe he 125 knm, a he lōʻihiʻo 150-155 cm.ʻO ke kino keʻano o ka pahu, ua liʻiliʻi, hohonu a ākea.
Piʻi ikaikaʻo Fench, no laila eʻike maopopoʻia mai kaʻaoʻao. He ākea ka sternum a ua hohonu ka hohonu. ʻO ka hope a me ka'ē he ākea a pōkole. ʻOiwi ka mānoanoa o nā pepeiao, akā heʻuʻuku. Ua uhiʻia kaʻili i nā lauoho lauoho liʻiliʻi, he lahilahi, e hoʻopiliʻia i ka hale.
Hiki i nā kīʻaha ke loaʻa i ke kaumaha mai ka 850 a 1000 kg, a he - - mai 550 a 650 kg.
He mea maʻalahi loa i nā holoholona momona o kēiaʻano, uaʻoluʻolu loa lākou ma ka heleʻana i ko lākou wahi hānai. ʻO kaʻiʻo o kēia mau bipi a me nā bipi he mea kiʻekiʻe loa ia,ʻo ia keʻano o kaʻiʻo "marble". Ma ka makeʻana ma kahi o 58-62% o ka nui o ka nui o ka holoholona eʻai i nā meaʻai, mākaukau no ka hoʻohanaʻana a me kaʻaiʻana.
ʻAʻole e koi ana nā bipi i kēia mea e mālama, hiki ke uhi iā lākou i kahi lōʻihi,ʻaʻole lākou e pale i kekahi mau maʻi, a hiki hoʻi ke lohi wikiwiki.
Loaʻa lākou keʻano haʻahaʻaola lōʻihi lākou - 15-18 mau makahiki.
I loko o nā makahiki a pau o ke ola,ʻaʻole i nui nā kaumaha o nā holoholona, aʻo ka momona e waiho ma ka papa.
He nui nā hoʻokolohua i hanaʻia ma luna o kēia mau bipi. ʻO ka mea i hopena, ua hoʻoholoʻia nā holoholona o kēia lāhui ma kahi mahiʻai eʻai i nāʻano mauʻu āpau, me ka nānāʻole i konaʻeleʻele. Uaʻai kēia mau bipi i ka nahelehele.
ʻO ka hemahema wale nō o kēiaʻano i hānauʻia nā keiki bipi heʻuʻuku, he 25 kilokani wale nō o ke kaumaha ola. Akā, ua ikaika ko lākou kino iʻole e maʻi.
No ka hoʻomalu houʻana o nā'ōpiopio'ōpiopio ma ka papahele o ka hale waihona e pono aiʻoe e kau i ka nui o ke kau maloʻo maloʻo. Alaila, aole makau na keiki bipi i ke anu. ʻAʻole i luhi nā kau bipi o Hereford, no ka mea, he haʻahaʻa loa ko lākou milikani. Hoʻokomoʻia nā kau i ka hopena, akā, no ka lōʻihi o ka lactation e loaʻa iā ia mai kahi bipi hoʻokahi 1000-1200 kg o ka waiū,ʻo ka momona o ia mea he 4%.
ʻO Pele Cowboy
ʻO ka bipi wahine blue Belgian ka mea kūpono loa i ka honua. Ua hoʻokuʻuʻia i kahi lōʻihi ma mua, i ka makahiki 19 ma nā wahi ākea o Belgela. Mai ia manawa, ua hana nui nā holoholona o kēiaʻohana i ka momona maikaʻi loa.
He nui nā holoholona a kēiaʻano nui, ua puni nāʻano, ua hōʻike maopopoʻia nāʻiʻo. Keʻike ponoʻia nāʻiʻo ma lalo o ka'ā'ī, nā poʻohiwi, ka pelvis, ka huelo, a me lalo.
He pololei ka hope o kēia mau bipi, ua'ōpiopio ka huelo, uaʻike mālieʻia ka huelo,ʻo kaʻili maikaʻi loa o kaʻili. He nui kēia mau bipi nā wāwae i kūkulu maikaʻiʻiaNo laila, hiki iā lākou ke neʻe a pale i nā mamao.
Hiki keʻokoʻa keʻano o ke kala, akā i loko o ka'ahuʻula, no ka inoa o ka pua i loaʻa kona inoa.
Hiki keʻokeʻo kaʻili, bluish-pegovoy,ʻeleʻele a iʻole nā aka o nā kala i hala mua. I kekahi manawa, he mau kikoʻuʻulaʻula kēia mau bipi kauū, akā, ua laweʻia kēia lei e kekahi genotypili likeʻole. Mālie kēia mau holoholona i ko lākouʻano.
Hiki i nā kīʻaha ma ka paila o ko lākou ikaika ke kaumaha i 1100-1250 kg, akā i kekahi manawa ua hiki ke kaumaha i ka 1300 kg. hiki i kahi bipi nui ke hoʻololi i kahi 145 mai ka 150 knm. Ua lanakila ka bipi i ke kaumaha o 850-900 kg, a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 140 knm.
ʻO kahiʻano nui o kēiaʻano o nā bipi ke kiʻekiʻe o ka uluʻana o ka muscle.
Uaʻike nā kānaka'ānenekaʻo ka DNA o nā holoholona o kēia'ōpili kahi pūnaewele e hoʻopau i ka hanaʻana o ka protein myostatin, i hanaʻia e ke kino e hoʻopau i ka uluʻana o ka muscle ma hope o ka hikiʻana i kekahi wahi.
ʻO ia ma muli o ke kūʻana o kēia pū'ā i ka pauʻole o nā'ōpū i loko o kēiaʻano bipi. ʻO ka DNA o nā bipi momona Belgian i loko o nā kopeʻelua o kēia pū, mahalo i ia, i ka wā i heleleʻiʻia, e hoʻomauʻia ka uluʻana o nā'ōpiopio i ka maʻi muscle.
ʻAʻole i loaʻa i nā koʻokoʻo nā mīkini i kūkuluʻia mai ka hānauʻana, a hoʻomaka lākou e loaʻa ka lōʻihi o ka maʻi 4 a 6 mau mahina ma hope o ka hānauʻana.
Ma muli o konaʻano hiʻona,ʻo nā bipi bipi Belgian ka nui o kaʻai mai i ka make - e like paha me 80%. Eia kekahi,ʻo kēia pipi e kokoke loa i kaʻaiʻana ma muli o ka hoʻemiʻana o ka momona i loaʻa i loko o ke kino o ua bipi wahine nei.
Auliekol pua puaa
Ua hānaiʻia nā lālā o Auliekol i ka hopena, i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 20, ma ka'āinaʻo Kazakhstan. No ka loaʻaʻana o kēiaʻano puaʻa, ua hele nā mea hoʻoholo i nā mea he nui,ʻo Charolais, Aberdeen-Angus, a me Kazakh i nā mea keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
No nā makahiki he 30, ua hiki i nā mea lapaʻau holoholona ke lawe mai i kaʻiʻo o kēia mau bipi i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻomaikaʻiʻia ana i kēia lā i nā bipi kau auliekolsky ma nā mahi kanuʻoihana nui.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nāʻelele o kēia lāhui (e pili ana i 70%) he komolymi,ʻo ia hoʻi,ʻo lākou ʻaʻohe pepeiaohao.
ʻO kaʻili o kēia mau bipi a he poʻo hina, he ikaika ke kumukānāwai, heʻano kukui. I ka hoʻoilo, kahi iʻikeʻia ma kaʻili, kahi pilikino pale e pale ai i ke kino o ka bipi mai ka mīkini hau. Ma muli o ka heleʻana o kēia lauoho,ʻo nā auliekolskie kau mālie i nā huluhuluʻino me ka pohō nuiʻole.
Hoʻoulu kēia mau bipi a ulu koke. Hiki i nā bipi kāne ke kaumaha i 950-1050 kg, a hiki i ka bipi kau ke kaumaha i kahi 540 - 560 kg.
ʻO ia ka mea e hiki ai i ka bipi ke "ʻai" i 1500 kilokilo o ke kaumaha o ke kino.
ʻAi ʻo kēia mau bipi kau kiʻekiʻe,ʻo ia hoʻi, "ma ke keʻokeʻo", ʻAʻole i nui ka momona. Ke kūʻaiʻia ka hua o kaʻiʻo i 60-63%. ʻO kaʻai o kēia mau bipi i ka makemake kūpono ma nā kāleka o Kazakhstan.
Nui nā bipi a Auliekol hoʻololi koke i kekahi, i ka loli loa, i ke kaulike. ʻO ka mea maikaʻiʻo ia, hiki i kaʻili o kēia mau bipi ke pale i nā papa he 4-5, i ka loaʻaʻana o nā lālā he nui i ka helu nui o nā papa i hiki ke hiki i kahi 3 wale nō.
ʻAʻole kēia mau bipi i koi i kahi kūikawā kūikawā no ka hale, a kokoke i nāʻano mea kanu a pau eʻaiʻia ma kahi meaʻai.
He mea hauʻoli nō hoʻi e heluhelu e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka luluʻana i ka bipi.
ʻO Kian kau
Ua hānaiʻia nā bipi wahine a Kyan ma ke awāwaʻo Val di Chiana ma Italia. Uaʻikeʻia kēia lāhui i ka nui loa i ka honua.
Ma ka CIS, uaʻike kokeʻia kēia mau holoholona i ka hopena o ka makahiki i hala. Mai ia manawa, hiki keʻikeʻia nā bipi momona Kian ma nā māla mahiʻai,ʻaʻole wale nā meaʻoihanaʻoihana.
Nā bipi o kēiaʻohana i penaʻia i keʻokeʻo, akā i kekahi manawa eʻikeʻoe i nā holoholona me kahi'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻoʻeleʻele, a ma nā kāne, he poʻo hina ka pahu.
He lahilahi nā iwi o kēia mau holoholona, he poʻo ka poʻo, pololei ke kuhikuhi,ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi nā pepeiao. ʻO ka poʻe make, ua kiʻekiʻe loa lākou, ua laulā ka sternum, ua hoʻolōlāʻia nā mākia, ua hoʻolōlāʻia ka dewlap, ua lōʻihi ke kino, ka mamao a me kaʻaoʻao he ākea, ua maikaʻi nā māmā, ua loloa ka lōʻihi a lōʻihi, he lōʻihi a he pololei nā wāwae.
ʻO kaʻili o kēia mau bipi kaumāle a melahi.
Ma nāʻano o ka poʻe mākua, nā'ōpiopio i ka hānauʻana e'ōniʻoniʻo ana i kaʻulaʻula. No laila, noho lākou a hiki i ka manawa i piha ai i 3 mau mahina.
Hiki i nā'ōpū ke piʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 158 knm, a me nā heifers - 172 knm. I ka lōʻihi, e ulu ana nā bipi a hiki i 170 knm, a me nā bipi - a hiki i 195 knm.
ʻO ka hanaʻana i ka waiū o kēiaʻano bipi he mea haʻahaʻa loa. ʻO ke kaumaha o kahi keiki keiki hou he 42-48 kilo.
Iʻeono mau mahina ma hope o ka hānauʻana, me ka ulu kūpono, ka mālama pono a me kaʻaiʻana, hiki i ka bipi ke hōʻiliʻili i 220 kg o ke kaumaha o ke kino. I ka lā e loaʻa ana i ka bipi kauō a me ka bipi paha he 1 - 1.4 kilokani. Ma ka makeʻana,ʻo ka hapaʻai o kaʻiʻo he 60-65%.
ʻO ka mea pōʻino,ʻo kēiaʻano puaʻa he nui nā hanana hoihoi. Eia kekahi lā, nā holoholona o kēia lāhui he huhū huhūNo laila, hiki iā ia ke kī i ke kanaka, a me ka pā a hoʻokaniʻia me ka pū. Kūleʻa nui hoʻi lākou, no laila hiki iā lākou ke lele ma luna o ka pā, a hiki ke kiʻekiʻe i ka 2 m.
ʻO ka wahine White Aquitanian
Ua hoʻopauʻia ka puaʻa Aquitaine o nā bipi i'Aquitaine, Farani. Ua loaʻa iā ia ma o ka heleʻana i nā huahana Goransky, White Pyrenean a me ka wahine Querci.
Uaʻikeʻia nā kau bipi Aquitaine i kekahi o nā mea nui loa, no ka manawa piha o ka mahiʻai, ua mālama nā meaʻoihana holoholona i kaʻiʻo o kēia mau bipi i ka papa maʻalahi loa no ka kohoʻana i ka maikaʻi.
ʻO kaʻili o kaʻili o ka bipi e like paha me kaʻulaʻula a keʻokeʻo. ʻO nāʻanoʻano maʻamau ka pale gula a me nā'ōpala, akā i nā'ōpū a puni nā maka, i loko o ka'ūhā, hiki ke keʻokeʻo ka'ōpū a me ke kukui.
ʻO keʻano o ke poʻo o kēia mau bipi, ua lōʻihiʻia,ʻo ka lae a me ka lae he ākea, heʻanoʻekolu o ka helehelena. Hiki paha a hikiʻole paha ke waiho i kahi kaula. ʻO lākou a paʻa loa, ma ke kumu - ka mālamalama, a me ke kukui - pōʻeleʻele.
ʻO nā'ōpona Purebred keʻokeʻo Aquitanian e hiki ke heluʻia mai ka 720 a 1200 kg, akā i kekahi manawa e hiki ke kaumaha i ka 1400 kg. Hiki i nā kau ke loaʻa 630-820 kg.
He mea paʻakikī nā holoholona o kēiaʻohana, hiki iā lākou ke pale aku i nā hulu makani ikaika, a me ka wela nui.
ʻOka ma nā bipi a me nā moa e ulu ikaika loama mua o nā wāwae mua a me hope.
Ua mālie kēia mau bipi i keʻano,ʻaʻole nui ka pilikia o kā lākou mālamaʻana i ka puka o ka "hoʻonaʻauao".
ʻO kaʻiʻo o kēia mau bipi heʻulaʻula a he momona. Me kahi kupapaʻu e hiki iāʻoe ke loaʻa mai ka 65 a 70% o ka'iʻoʻai maoli.
ʻO nā keiki Charolais
Ua hānaiʻia nā bipi wahine Charolais ma Palani. Hoʻokomoʻia kēia mau holoholona i ka hale lōʻihi lōʻihi, a hiki i ka loaʻaʻana o nā mea momona liʻiliʻi ma ka luku.
He nunui nui nā bipi a Sharolese, e ulu koke ana, e ikaika ana i ka loaʻaʻana o ka puʻupuʻu muscle, hiki i ka loiloi koke. Hiki i ke kala o kēia mau bipi ke lawe ma nāʻanuʻu mai keʻokeʻo a hiki i ka'ōlena.
ʻO ka maʻi lepera ma kaʻili heʻano nāwaliwali loa ia. He pōkole ke poʻo o nā holoholona, he whānui ka lae.
Heʻiʻo ke kaki, pōkole. Hoʻokumuʻia ka pahu i ka hohonu,ʻo ka mea i kokokeʻole i ka sag.
Ma hope o ke kino ua hoʻoikaika maikaʻiʻia nāʻiʻo. Hiki pololei nā wāwae,ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi,ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kaukani o hoʻokahi bipi he 135 knm, i ka bipi - 143 knm.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ua wehe nā bipi i ka scapula,ʻo ke kua hoʻi e hana i keʻanoʻole, aʻo ka hope o ke kino e kūpono i ke koko. No laila, he paʻakikī loa no nā bipi hoʻolūʻau e hānau i nā keiki bipi.
Me kēia mau hemahema, ua noho lōʻihi nā bipi. I ka wā a pau, hiki i nā bipi ke hānau i nā keiki bipi. Hoʻolāʻauʻia nā'ōmaʻa he 15 mau makahiki, ma nā heifers - 13-14 makahiki.
I ka manawa momona, nā bipi e ulu i nāʻiʻo kino,ʻaʻole nā mea momona, ke kaumaha loa kaʻiʻo i ka kalori.
Hiki i nā kīʻaha ke loaʻa 1 - 1.2 mau kola, a he mau - 0.6 - 0.7 kaona.
Eia kekahi, no kāu koho. Makemakeʻoe e kūʻai i ka pipi e kōkua iāʻoe ma ka ho'ākākaʻana. Ma hope o kekahi manawa e loaʻa iāʻoe ka pipi momona maikaʻi.
