ʻO ka mauʻu kaʻai a nā bipi

ʻO ka'ōmaʻa'ōmaʻa ka kumu nui o nā huaora a me nā alumina no kekahi holoholona i ka wā mahana, i ka wā e noho mau nā holoholona i nā'āina.

ʻO nāʻano mea kanu likeʻole e ulu ana ma nā māla e māmā a hoʻololi i ke kino,ʻoiai, ua hōʻiliʻiliʻia, e like me keʻano mauʻu, ua hoʻohana maikaʻiʻia i kaʻai hoʻohaʻahaʻa o nā bipi.

ʻO ka'ōhihea eʻai ai nā bipi i nā mahiʻai

Hoʻomoheleʻia nā māla uluʻai a pau i 4 mau hui:

• legumes (legume family);
• ka palaoa (ʻohanaʻohana);
• ka nui (ka hoʻolālā a me ka holomua);
• nā mea pale (nāʻohana'ē aʻe).

Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻO ka hopena o ka waiū e pili i ka meaʻai o ka bipi. Ināʻoluʻoluʻoe i ka huhū, no ka mea, i ka manawa i hala koke nei, uaʻai ka wahine aloha i ka wormwood.

Legumes

Legumes - kahi hui e ulu ana i nā mea ulu nui,ʻo kona mau lunamaka'āinana ka laulā ma nā ululāʻau a me nā lau nahele. Ua like lākou me nā bipi ma mua o ka palaoa aʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka mowing (ʻelua manawa). ʻO 85-86% o ka nui o nā mea kanu i mālama maikaʻiʻia e ka holoholona ola, 8-9% ka ponoʻole no nā bipi, a 5% o nā mea make loa.

ʻO nā lālāʻoi loa o nā legumes:

• nāʻano likeʻole o clover;
• alfalfa;
• hōʻano;
• uku;
• ka wahine liʻiliʻi;
• ke kao

He mea pono nō hoʻi iāʻoe eʻike i keʻano o ka hānaiʻana i nā bipi hānai, nā bipi hānai maloʻo, pehea e hānai ai i ka bipi i ka hoʻoilo.

Kāhea

Cereals - ka poʻe noho ma kahi o ka helehelena, nā ululāʻau, nā muliwai o nā muliwai a me nā loko. ʻO 90% o nā mea kanu mai ka nui o ka waiwai i mālama maikaʻiʻia e ke kino, 5% iʻikeʻia he maikaʻiʻole, 5% ka make. ʻAʻohe liʻiliʻi ka meaʻai ma mua o nā lemu.

Ua māheleheleʻia lākou i nā hui:

1. ʻO Hygrophiles - nā mea e ulu ana ma nā wai wai a i kokoke kokoke iā lākou a lilo koke iʻeleʻele. ʻO lākouʻo nāʻohe,ʻohe, manniki, rice rice, and arkophila.
2. Xerophiles - ka poʻe noho o ka māhele steppe, ka'āina mākau mehameha. Kūpaʻa nui lākou i ka'ōpala. ʻO kēia mau mea kanu he leʻaleʻa, leʻaleʻa, hulu manu, tiostrenitsa, lauoho a pēlā aku.
3. ʻO Mesophilic - nā mea aloha o ka'eneʻena haʻahaʻa e hele mai mai nā ululāʻau a me nā mauna. I ka pūnāwai, ua lohi iki ko lākou uluʻana. ʻO kēia mau mea,ʻo ia nō ka huapalapala, ka huelo, kaʻoki, kaʻono, kaʻaila, a pēlā aku.
4. Nā paʻakai paʻakai e ola ma nā'āina paʻakai i nā steppes, nā wao akua a me nā māhele. Ma hope o ka manawa o ka loheʻana, ulu nui nā mea kanu. ʻO nā mea i kohoʻia o ka hui e hoʻopiʻiʻia, mulberry, kai.
5. Nā mea kanu o ka makahiki - ka poʻe noho ma nā wao akua a me nā kauhale. ʻO kēia mau mea e like me ke ahi, ka mīkini, nā'āleʻa, ka'oʻune, keihi, a pēlā aku.

ʻO Sedge

ʻOhi - nui nui, nā mea kanu hoʻolimalima. He paʻakikī nā lau o nā mea kanu, no lailaʻaʻole lākou i kaulana loa i nā pipi.

Keʻike neiʻoe? No ka pipiʻai ma kekahi mau moku'āinaʻoʻAmelika he nui ka uku kālā, a inā i hana houʻia kaʻaha i ka pāhao - no ka hiki i nā makahikiʻelima.

Ua māheleʻia nāʻohanaʻohana i nā hui:

• maikaʻi i loko o kaʻoki (nui me nā lau lahilahi): e like me ke kahakai a me ka sodbed sedge;
• ʻai ka mea maʻamau: ka laina lua, ka wai, ka lń o ka lń;
• ʻai pono ka steppe, ka māhoe-wao nahele, ke kuahiwi (ke kakahiaka, ke kuhū, ke kūmākena a me nā mea'ē aʻe).

ʻO nā mea kanu

No nā mea kanu nā mea kanu likeʻole mai nāʻohana likeʻole he 1000. Ke ulu nei lākou i nā ululāʻau, nā mauna, ka nuiʻole - i nā steppes a me nā wao akua. He 52% o nā mea kanu a pau o ka hui eʻai ponoʻia, 39% iʻai ponoʻia, 9% he mea make no nā bipi.

ʻO nā 'elele maʻamau ka:

• wormwood;
• ana;
• kalola;
• Dandelion:
• 'ōpala;
• ke kālepa.

He aha ka mea kanu e hiki ke kanuʻia no nā bipi?

Hiki iāʻoe ke hana i kahi'āpana liʻiliʻi ma ka home - e kanu i ka'āina no ka heleʻana i nā holoholona me ka mauʻu. Ke hōʻikeʻia nei ka māla hoʻolālā e nāʻano mea kanu likeʻole, nā makahiki, a me nā mea nui.

Nā Pūnaewele

Aia i loko o nā mea kanu o nā makahiki iʻoi aku ka mea kaulana loa:

1. Hoʻopiʻi - ke kumu o ke kiha me ke kumulāʻau māmā, hiki i 1 m ke kiʻekiʻe. Ua lōʻihi kona lālā'ōmaʻomaʻo a me nāʻano āpau āpau. ʻO ka ulu lāʻau ka ākea a me ka paʻakikī i nā maʻi a me nā hopena o nā meaʻeha.

2. ʻO ka lau nahele o Sudan, e pili ana i kaʻai. Hoʻonui ka ulu a hiki i 0.5-3 m ke kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa i nā lau Lanceolate kekahiʻano leʻo a me ka'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo. He paʻakikī ka'ōpala, me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia (hiki ke hāpaiʻia i nā manawa he nui o ka makahiki).
3. ʻO ka pua kukuiHoʻonui ia i 0.25-1 m ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kona mau kī, e like me ke kānāwai, ua uhiʻia me ka lauoho lauoho, ma nā mea koʻikoʻi hikiʻole ke pale wale. ʻO nā lau o ka papa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa,ʻo ka luna - ma ke ano o kahi oval nui. I ka wā e ulu ana ka pua i ka pua i keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a i ka puaʻula Hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻiʻia e nā'ōpala.

4. Phacelia - he mea kanu meli kēia mea kanu, aia i ka'ōmaʻomaʻu maikaʻi, kahi i ulu ai i ka 0.6-0.9 m ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka wā ulu e hōʻea mai i hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka luluʻana aʻelua mau mahina.

5. ʻO ka punawaiʻo Vika - He kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻikuʻi i ka protein. Kū i kahi 1 m ke kiʻekiʻe a he taproot. Ke palahalaha nei ka mea kanu ma ka honua.

ʻO nā mea nui

ʻO nā'ūnana nui nō hoʻi ke koiʻia e nā mahiʻai, no ka mea,ʻaʻole pono ka kanuʻana i nā mahi kanu i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

ʻO nā mea kaulana loa:

1. ʻO Alfalfa - Kūkulu i nā mea kanu o ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā lau'ōmaʻomaʻo heʻano ellipsoidal. I ka wā o ka puaʻana, ua uhiʻia ka mea kanu me nā pua bluish-poni (hiki i nā mea'ē aʻe he hiki i nā meaʻaila). Ka ulu'ōmaʻomaʻo o ka paʻakikī paʻamau a me ke kūpikipiki maloʻo, hiki ke hoʻololi i nā kūlana hou.

2. Kūkala keʻokeʻo - he lālā o kaʻohana legume me nā'ōpuʻu'ōmole e piholo nei. Hoʻopilikiaʻole i keʻano o ka mahiʻai, maikaʻiʻia, ma kahi lepo a me one lepo. He lā lōʻihi kona uluʻana, kahi i hoʻohana pinepineʻia e like me ka mea kanu.

3. Sandy Esparcetme ke kumu pakiaka. ʻOi aku ka'ōmaʻomaʻo Green i ka 0.8 m ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hapa o ka lau he'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo a he'ōlohelohe keʻokeʻo,ʻo kaʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa e puka ana. ʻO ka huaʻaina.

4. Meadow mau mea kanu hana i ka'ōmole'ōmole o ka'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo i loko o ka manawa o ka uluʻana. Piʻi nā'ōpuʻu, hiki i ka 0.7 m ke kiʻekiʻe.

He aha ka hana o ka mauʻu

Hoʻoulu pinepine nā mea kanu mahiʻai i ka mauʻuʻai no ka hoʻoilo me keʻano o:

• hay;
• 'ōpala;
• silo;
• ke kuhumu.

Iā Senazh

ʻO Haylage - nā mea kanu i hoʻomaloʻoʻia i 55% o ka makai. Me kēiaʻano haʻahaʻa, kokoke i nā kino a pau e hoʻemi ana i ko lākou ola. No ka hayule ke'ōleloʻia e hoʻohana i nā legumes a me ka'ūlume-cereal mauʻu (alfalfa, clover, sainfoin), ka mea i hana i ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka uluʻana.

He mea nui! Mālamaʻia ka laulā ma ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka mīkini pale.

Hoʻopilikiaʻia ka'ōpala a pau i ka lōʻihi o ka 3 cm.

ʻO Hay

ʻO Hay e pili ana i ka hānaiʻai. Ponoʻole kaʻilikai o nā mea ulu o ia mea iʻoi aku ma mua o 17%. Hoʻokomoʻia nā mea kanu a waihoʻia e maloʻo i ka lā, e hoʻonaninui pinepine iā lākou me ka huki. A laila, ua hōʻiliʻiliʻia nā'ōwili ma nā pū'āhī aiʻole i kāohiʻia me ke kōkua o nā mea mahiʻai a hoʻonohoʻia no kahi waiho lōʻihi ma kahi lumi maloʻo.

Kolo

ʻO ka'ōpala ka mauʻu maloʻo o nā mea kanu (nā lemu a me nāʻai) i koe ma hope o ka hahiʻana. Ponoʻia ka lawaiʻa o 20% i mea e pale ai i ka hoʻololi.

Nui nā koho no ke kūʻai:

• ka mowing, kahi maloʻo, kaʻili a me ka halihaliʻana i kahi o ka hūnā;
• ka mowing, hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana, e hōʻiliʻili i nā waihona a hoʻoneʻe i kahi e hoʻomoe hou ai;
• ka mowing, kaomiʻana me nā lako kūikawā i nā bales a hoʻoneʻe i kahi kahi maloʻo.

Silo

ʻO ka Silo kahi paʻakūʻau lau nahele i mālamaʻia me nā huakini lactic acid. Kūkuluʻia nā mea kanu me kahiʻilikai he 60% i kahi lua i hoʻomākaukau nuiʻia. Aia nā aʻa a me nāʻano huaʻala likeʻole, a me ka momona.

Hoʻomiʻia ka Mass a uhiʻia me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni e palena i ke komoʻana i ka ea. Ma hope o 30-40 mau lā i mākaukau ai ka sila, he'ōmaʻomaʻu uliuli a me kahi meaʻala. E kūʻai i nā meaʻai i nā kilo.

He mea kūpono no ka mauʻu bipi

Ma ka mahiʻana i nā'āina, hiki ke ulu pinepine nā mea kanu e weliweli i nā holoholona:

1. Ledum Rosemary - ka nani o ka ulu lāʻau. Loaʻa i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 0.2-1.25 m, he hoihoi nui. ʻAʻole keʻano o nā wīwī, he ākea ka lau, ua keʻokeʻo nā pua. Hoʻolālāʻia ka'ōpena pūpū, ka pūnana o ka'ōpū, ka naʻau, nā holoholona e hoʻonāʻole i nā lālā.

2. ʻO Warty euonymus - kūmaʻa kūwaena 1-2 m ke kiʻekiʻe, ua lahilahi kona mau lālā, ua uhiʻia me nā 'āmaʻomaʻoʻeleʻele. Aia nā lau i kahi āpau a me ka'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo, i ka wā e ulu ana ka ulu i nā pua liʻiliʻi. I loko o nā kau liʻiliʻi e hoʻoulu ai i ka colic a me ka laha, ma nāʻokoʻa nui ka make.

3. Kalikimaka - He lālā o kaʻohana Solanaceae me kahi meaʻala maikaʻi. He mau puaʻa melemele nui kona me nā mea violeʻulaʻula. Hana i ka'ōhumu, ka huhū a me ka tympanitis.

4. He kanikaniʻo Hemlock -ʻelua mau mīkini me nā huaʻokoʻa o kaʻeleʻele'ōniʻoniʻo. I ka wā eʻoki ai i ka hua, hiki iāʻoe ke honi i kaʻiole. I loko o nā bipi, e hoʻonāʻia ka nawaliwali, pale i ke kikowaena pūpū. Make nā holoholona i kēia mauʻu.

5. Ka pōhaku pohō piʻi ka piʻi a hiki i 2 m ke kiʻekiʻe. He mau pua keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi ia, i hōʻiliʻiliʻia i loko o nā umbrellas. Hoʻonāukiuki i ka salivation, ka maʻi'ōpū.

6. Buttercup Anemone He lōʻihi ka'ūliko a me nā lau e like me kaʻulaʻula, ua uhiʻia me ka poni ma lalo iho. Ke piʻi ka'ōpae i ka 0.1-0.3 m ke kiʻekiʻe, he'ōmaʻomaʻo nā pua. Hoʻonāukiuki ia i nā puʻupaʻa a me ka'ōpū o ka moʻo o ka maʻi, nā kumu e puhi a kaheʻana i ka mimi.

7. Pāpīpiʻi - ka ulu mau me kahi meaʻono. ʻO ka pua nani o nāʻano keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻano he bele. Hoʻopilikia i ka hana o ka naʻau a me ka lolo, e hoʻonāʻia ana ka maʻi.
8. Hypericum - ka ulu pono i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 0.8 m me nā huaʻala. Haniʻia me nā pua gula e uhiʻia me nā kikoʻeleʻele. Hoʻonāukiuki i keʻano o nā maʻi koko, ka pula o ke alelo a me nā lehelehe.

9. ʻO nā paila - nā lāʻau me ka waiʻawaʻawa. ʻO ka lōʻihi kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kanu he 1 m. Ua hoʻonohonohoʻia nā pua ma nā wā lōʻihi a loaʻa ka'ōmeleʻulaʻula, he 5 mau pali,ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i ke 2 knm ke anawaena.

10. Hoʻokiʻekiʻe ka waha He wahi'ōpili me kahi'āpana palahalaha a me ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o 3 m.ʻO keʻano o nā lau me ka hapahaʻekolu, e hōʻiliʻiliʻia nā pua i nā umbrellas. Hoʻolālā i ka hana o ka pūnaewele pūpū a me ka naʻau, ke kumu o ka luaʻiʻana a me nā lihiliʻi.

He mea nui! E koho maʻamau i kahi no ka hānaiʻana i nā bipi,ʻo ka mea kanuʻaʻole ia he meaʻino i nā mea kanu, a me ka hanaʻino.

ʻO kaʻaiʻana i ka wā o ke kauwela-he mea nui ia o ka mālamaʻana i nā holoholona, ​​a hiki ke hanaʻia kahi mahiʻai ma kona pono'ī i ka nele o kahi kokoke a iʻole paha. ʻO ka mea nui,ʻo ia ke hoʻomanaʻo he mau mea kanu ia no nā bipi, aʻo ka hoʻohanaʻana i kēia mau mea kanu e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i ka make o nā holoholona.