Ma ka kūʻaiʻana i kahi bipi wahine no kāna mahiʻai pono'ī, makemake ka mea mahiʻai no ka maikaʻi a me ka nui o nā waiū waiū, e lawe mai ana i loko o konaʻohana i kekahi mauʻanoʻoihana olakino a me ka waiwai nui. Akā, i mea e laulima ai ka hanaʻana o ka waiū, he mea nui e kau i ka nānā i kekahi mau nuances maikaʻi o kēia kaʻina hana.
Nā huahana:
- Ke hoʻomaka e hāʻawi
- Ehia mau mea e hāʻawi
- He aha ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka huahua
- Nā hanauna o nā bipi momona
- Golshtinka
- ʻO Red Steppe
- ʻO Yaroslavskaya
- Jersey
- ʻO Black a me motley
- Nīnau pinepineʻia
- Ke hāʻawi nei ka bipi i ka waiū me ke keiki bipi?
- ʻO wai ka inoa o kahi bipi wahine i hāʻawiʻole i ka waiū?
- Nāʻike mai ka pūnaewele
Ka waiū o Cow
E like me nā mea momona a pau,ʻo ka waiū bipi wale nō ka mea no ka hānaiʻana i nā hua. Ke hōʻailonaʻia kahi hōʻailona e pili ana i ka pono e hoʻolako i ka bipi me ka meaʻai, ua hoʻomaka ka kino o ka bipi wahine i nā hana maʻamau i mālamaʻia e ka hormone prolactin.
Ke hilinaʻi nei ia i ka hana nui o ka colostrum, a laila ua piha i ka waiū. Ma hope o ka pauʻana i kaʻai, hoʻomau ke kanaka i ka lactation o ka bipi, e unuhi ana i ka huahana mai ka mea hoʻohana ma ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mīkini lima a me nā polokalamu'ē aʻe.
Keʻike neiʻoe? I kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka hoʻomakaʻana o Iune, hoʻolauleʻaʻia ka World Milk Day, i hoʻohanohanoʻia ma nā'āina he nui i nā makahiki he 17. Hoʻomaʻahua nā pāʻina meaʻai ma kekahi lā hoʻomaha i nā kānaka eʻai i nā meaʻai kulū pinepine, e hoʻomāhuahua i kā lākouʻai a piha. Ma nā alanui o ke kūlanakauhale, kahiʻawaʻawa nui mai nā mea hana likeʻole a me nā hakakā joky jigy, i lanakila, hiki i ke kanaka ke hele i kahi hele huakaʻi i kahi mea kanu lawaiʻa a waiū paha i ka bipi ma ka mahiʻai.
ʻO ka waiū o Cow ka meaʻoi loa a kaulana loa i ka hapa nui loa o nāʻano waiū a pau i huaʻia ma kaʻoihana holoholona o nā mahiʻai honua.
ʻO ka huaʻai kūpono keʻano o ka wai, nā protein, nā momona, nā haʻalūmoa, nā mea lepo, nā huameʻa a me nā mineral e ponoʻole no nā keiki bipi wale nō, akā no nā poʻe o nā makahiki a pau:
- ke hoʻoikaika nei i keʻano o ka pūnaewele a pili i ke koko;
- haʻahaʻa cholesterol;
- ke komo i nā hana hana hana;
- ke hoʻoponopono i ka'āpana o nā meaʻokoʻa, e hoʻemi ana i ka'aleʻa, e kōkua i ke kāwiliʻana i nā maʻi a me nā maʻiʻeleʻele, e hoʻoponopono i ka mucosa kalo;
- ma muli o ka nui o ke kaloka e hoʻonui i ka hana o ka pūnaewele musculoskeletal, he hopena maikaʻi ka uluʻana o ka'ōpū o nā keiki;
- Hoʻonui i ka elasticity o nā kīʻaha koko, e pale i ka uluʻana o ka maʻi maʻi;
- nā mea bactericidal o ka huahana e kōkua i ke kino o ke kanaka e wikiwiki i ke anuanu, e hoʻoikaikaʻia ka lapaʻau.
Paipai mākou i ka heluhelu e pili ana i ka waiu momona a pōʻino o ka bipi.
Ke hoʻomaka e hāʻawi
ʻO ka waiū mua loa e hiki i ke kanaka ke loaʻa ma ka waiū waihā e hōʻikeʻia i ka bipi ma hope o ka paʻi.
I mea e hana ai i ke kaʻina hana me kaʻole o nā pilikia, ponoʻoe e hana i kekahi mau hanana nui:
- He hola ma hope o ka'ōpiliʻana, pono eʻaeʻia ke pēpē e hele i ka mea o ka makuahine e hiki iā ia ke māhele mua. No ka bipi,ʻaʻole e like me kaʻeha e like me ka'ōpala o ka papahana mua;
- ʻO ka colostrum mua no ke keiki bipi he waiwai maoli o nā meaʻai waiwai nui, a me ka hōʻoiaʻiʻo o ke olakino. Aʻole e hōʻeuʻeu koke aku iā ia mai kona makuahine, i ka wā e hiki mai ana, eʻike nuiʻiaʻo ia ma keʻano kiʻekiʻe;
- Hoʻokō ka bipi kauō i ka wikiwiki o ka manawa o ka bipi, a ke pili nui hoʻi i kāna hana i ka manawa o ka hua mua o ka waiū.
![](http://img.pastureone.com/img/agro-2019/skolko-litrov-moloka-dayot-korova-3.jpg)
He mea nui! Pono e hanaʻia me ka lima i ka hoʻouluʻana i ka pule mua. Hiki keʻona i ka mīkini huapalapala no kekahi o nā naluʻeleʻele, a no ka wikiwiki o ka holoholona e hana i ka hana.Ma hope o kēia mau manawa,ʻaʻole e hana hou ke kino o ka bipi i ka hoʻopiha houʻana i ka meaʻai, no laila ua hoʻomaka a hoʻonui ka huahua.
I ka maʻamau, ināʻo ka wahine e hoʻonāpala i ka makahiki,ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka lactation e pili ana i nā makahiki he 5-7 (ma muli o ka nui o nāʻano o ka'ōpiopio). ʻAʻole hiki i kēlā me kēia manawa ke hala aku i 320 mau lā, aʻo ka lāʻau make e pili ana i 1.5-2 mau mahina.
Ehia mau mea e hāʻawi
ʻO ka nui o ka waiʻu waiū ma nā mahi mahiʻai ma Russia, Ukraine a me nā'āina kokoke e:
- 12-20 lita no ka la;
- 5,000 lita o ka makahiki.
![](http://img.pastureone.com/img/agro-2019/skolko-litrov-moloka-dayot-korova-4.jpg)
Hoʻoikaika nuiʻia nā kau i nā kau.
- i ke kauwela,ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kaʻoihana bipi ma muli o kahi kumu hoʻokele maikaʻi - ka nui o nā meaʻai hānai, nā mea hou a me ka momona, e hele mau ana i ka lewa;
- i ka hoʻoilo, loaʻa i ka momona nā hua liʻiliʻi ma muli o ka hana e pili ana. Eia naʻe, inā hoʻohālikelikeʻia kaʻai a hoʻonuiʻia kaʻai me kaʻai kiʻekiʻe (ka nahelehele, ka hiʻi, ka hopena o ke kumu, ka meaʻaiʻai, ka sila) a me ka nui o ka wai, e hāʻawi ka bipi i ka waiū e like me ke kau.
He aha ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka huahua
ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻiaʻana o nā pipi ua hoʻoholoʻia e nā kumu he nui:
- ka makahiki a me ke kaumaha o ka holoholona;
- nā hiʻohiʻonaʻokoʻa o ke kino;
- kaʻai maʻamau (kōkuaʻai a me ka calorie);
- ke olakino o ka bipi (ka manawa wikiwiki, kahiʻole o nā ilo);
- ke kūlike i nā rula o ka mīkini (mea emi loa o nā lā - i 4 mau lita);
He mea nui! Ua'ōlelo nā mālaʻoihana i ka nui o ka uluʻana ma muli o ka nui o nā waiu waiu o kēlā me kēia lā. Heʻekolu paha o lākou. Eia kekahi, ke kaʻawale ka manawa e pale ai i ka hilahila, a ma muli o ia hopena, he maʻiʻino e like me purulent mastitis.
- manawa o ka makahiki;
- ʻo nā bipi (nā laa hānai e kūpono i ka milking huahana).
![](http://img.pastureone.com/img/agro-2019/skolko-litrov-moloka-dayot-korova-5.jpg)
Nā hanauna o nā bipi momona
Mahalo i ka hana hānauʻana o ka honua a me nā mea hana holoholona holoholona, hiki keʻikeʻia i nā manawa he nui nā lālā bipi momona. ʻO nā mea kaulana loa:
Hiki iāʻoe ke heluhelu e pili ana i keʻano o ka hopena a me pehea e hoʻoholo ai i ka momona a me ka momona o ka waiū, a me kaʻike i ke kumu o ka waiū o ka bipi.
Golshtinka
Ua hānaiʻia ka puaʻo Holstein maʻAmelika Hema. ʻO kēiaʻano holoholona he mea nui loa ia i ka honua. I ka lā e hiki ai i kahi kanaka ke hāʻawi mai i 20 a 40 liters o ka waiū, i kekahi mau mea hiki i kahi kiko ke hiki i kahi 60 lita. No ka makahiki,ʻaʻole e hāʻawiʻia ka bipi i nā pilikia me kaʻohana no 7-8,000 huahana.
ʻO Red Steppe
Uaʻikeʻia nā bipi kauō Red-steppe i ka hopena o ka hana a nā hoaaloha Lūkini. Kūlahalahaʻia ka laulā ma ka Territory Krasnodar a me ka Southern Urals, a me Ukraine, kahi i kūpono ai ke kūpono o ka pono o ka wā. Hoʻomaopopoʻia ka paepae ulaʻula e ka maikaʻi maikaʻi a me ka mālama ponoʻole,ʻo ka helu o ka waiū i nā lā he 15-30 lita o ka waiū.
ʻO Yaroslavskaya
ʻO ka hānai kiʻekiʻe, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻohālikelikeʻia me Holstein. ʻO ka pukaʻana o kaʻohana Yaroslavl, me ka mālama pono, e like me ka 20 a 40 lita ma ka lā. Hiki i nā kūlana o kaʻano likeʻole ke hoʻokomo i ka hilinaʻiʻole i nā kūlana o ka hoʻopaʻaʻana a me ka hoʻololi maikaʻiʻana i ka huina o ka waena waena.
Jersey
Ka hopena: 20-30 lita o ka waiū i ka lā, 7-8 mau makahiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Loaʻa ka inoa o kaʻohana Jersey mai kahi i hānaiʻia ai - ke kūlanakauhale iki o Jersey, aia ma waena oʻEnelani a me Palani. ʻO kahiʻano nui o kēia mau bipi he meaʻuʻuku ke kiʻekiʻe,ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe i ka nahu o kahi kanaka makua a hikiʻole ke piʻi i 1.5 mika.
ʻO Black a me motley
Ua hoʻokaʻawaleʻia nā'īlio o kēiaʻohana ma ka Pākehā o Rusia.
E heluhelu hou aʻe e pili ana i ka'ōhūʻeleʻele o nā bipi.Hāʻawi maikaʻi ka bipi i nā mea o ka waiu i kēlā lā i kēia lā (e pili ana paha i 30 liters),ʻaʻole makemake nui i nā kūlana e paʻa ai a hoʻonui maikaʻiʻia ma nā wahi likeʻole o ka'āina.
![](http://img.pastureone.com/img/agro-2019/skolko-litrov-moloka-dayot-korova-10.jpg)
Nīnau pinepineʻia
He nui nā loina no nā loiloiʻole i nīnau pinepine i nā nīnau e pili ana i ka hana lawaiʻa a me ka pōkole. E noʻonoʻo i ka mea maʻamau.
Ke hāʻawi nei ka bipi i ka waiū me ke keiki bipi?
E like me ka mea i hōʻikeʻia ma luna nei, ua manaʻoʻia kekahi bipi e lawaiʻole a hiki i ka hoʻopiʻiʻana. ʻO kāna mau mahele mua a me ka mahele hope ma hope o ka hānauʻana o nā keiki, i ka hala hope o 10 mau mahina a me ka hopena me ka hāpai hou.
ʻO wai ka inoa o kahi bipi wahine i hāʻawiʻole i ka waiū?
ʻO ka wahine,ʻaʻole e lawe i ka waiū, he pā, i ka poʻe i kapaʻia kēlāʻano holoholona "yalovye."
Eʻike i nā kumu a me nā hōʻailona no kaʻikeʻole i ka bipi.
ʻO nā kumu pilikia e hiki ke lilo i:
- nā maʻi likeʻole (pili kino a loaʻa paha);
- aiʻole ma luna o ka hānaiʻana i nā bipi;
- nā kūponoʻole o ka hoʻopaʻaʻana (ka nui o ka wai ma loko o ka hale palaha, keʻano wela o nā mea anuanu, nā hae maeʻa, ka heleʻole o ka hele holoʻokoʻa).
![](http://img.pastureone.com/img/agro-2019/skolko-litrov-moloka-dayot-korova-11.jpg)
Keʻike neiʻoe? Hiki ke hoʻohana i ka waiū o Cow no ka meaʻai a mea inu wale nō: hiki iā lākou ke wehe i nā'ūni hou ink,ʻo ka huahana e hoʻonui i ka'ōlinolino o nā pākuʻi gula a me nā aniani, hoʻonanea i keʻano o nā kī, ināʻoe e hoʻonui i kahi huahana i ka holoiʻana i nā paleʻeleʻele, e nānā pono lākou.
Ma nāʻano maikaʻi, i hana ponoʻia, hiki i kekahi bipi ke ola i nā makahiki he 10, akā, pehea ka nui o ka waiū e hāʻawi ai no kona mau lālā hana a pau e hilinaʻiʻia ma iaʻano kumu, maikaʻi a me ka mālama pono.
Nāʻike mai ka pūnaewele
![](http://img.pastureone.com/img/agro-2019/skolko-litrov-moloka-dayot-korova.png)