ʻO ka'ōmato ulu mua "Hali-Gali":ʻano a me ka weheweheʻana o kaʻano, ka mahiʻai, kiʻi hua

No nā poʻe e makemake eʻimi koke i kaʻohiʻana o nā tōmato maikaʻi loa, aia kahi'ōpiopio ulu mua, ua kapaʻia iaʻo "Hali-Gali". ʻAʻole kēiaʻano e pilikia ai ka uluʻana.

Ua kūʻaiʻiaʻo Khali-Gali i Rusia, e nā mea lapaʻau mai Siberia, i loaʻa ka inoa kūlana'āina e like me nā'ōpiopio i manaʻoʻia no ka mahiʻai ma nā'āina me nā pā hale a me nā hale kiʻi kiʻi ma 2003. Mai ia manawa, ua hauʻoli ka makemake o nā mea mahiʻai a me nā poʻe kauwela.

Hiki keʻikeʻia kahi hōʻike piha o keʻano a me nāʻano i loko o kā mākou puke.

ʻO Hato-Ghali "Tomato":ʻanoʻano likeʻole

He lālā'ōpiopio mua kēia, mai ka manawa o ke kanuʻana i keʻano o nā hua mua, 85-105 lā hele. Loaʻa iā ia nāʻano hybrid F1. ʻO Bush e hoʻoholo ana, kūlana. E heluheluʻia nā papa helu ma waena.

E like me nāʻano o nā'ōpiopio hou, he kūpono maikaʻi loa ia i nā maʻi lapaʻau a me nā'ōpūʻeha.

Kūkuluʻia nāʻano papa meleʻo Hali-Gali no ka kanuʻana ma ka'āina ākea, akā nui ka poʻe i ulu i loko o nā greenhouses a me nā'ōmaʻomaʻo, ma luna o ka pale hau, no ka uluʻana o ka ulu 50-90 cm.

Nā ikaika a me nā nāwaliwali

Ma waena o nāʻano maikaʻi o kēia papa helu:

• ka palekana i nāʻano wela nui;
• ka hiki ke ulu ma luna o ka baleka ma kahi noho kūlanakauhale;
• ka hoʻomanawanui no ka loaʻaʻole o ka wai;
• i ka wa kahiko;
• ka nui o ke kō.

Ma waena o nā hemahema e hiki keʻikeʻiaʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa i ka kiʻekiʻe loa nā koiʻana no ka hānaiʻana.

E heluhelu pū i kā mākou pūnaewele: Pehea e loaʻa ai kaʻohi nuiʻana o nā'ōmato ma ke ākea? Pehea e ulu ai i nā'ōmato i ka makahiki a pau ma nā'ōmaʻomaʻo?

Nānā i ka mālamaʻana i nāʻano ulu o ka uluʻana a me nāʻano he nui ka mea i loaʻa a me ka palekana maikaʻi?

Nāʻano

Aia nā hua o kēiaʻano i kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona i ka nānā, heʻano ihu ia ma ka hopena. Ma o kēia hiʻohiʻona waho e hiki keʻikeʻia lākou mai nāʻano'ē aʻe. Pono ia eʻikeʻia i ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka ulu a me ke kūpaʻaʻana i nā kikowaena wela.

Ināʻoe e ulu ana i ka'ōmaʻa Hali-Gali ma ke ākea, a laila hiki i ka 3 kilokika o nā'ōmato e hiki ke ohiʻia mai kēlā me kēia ululāʻau, me kahiʻano kanu kanu nui o 3-4 mau lāʻau ma ka mika mika. m, pēlā, piʻi i ka 12 kg.

Hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohālike i kēia hōʻike me nāʻano'ē aʻe ma lalo:

I loko o nā greenhouses, ua kiʻekiʻe ka hopena ma 20-30%,ʻo ia hoʻi, e pili ana i 15 kg. ʻAʻole kēia he hōʻailona hōʻailona o nā hua kanu, akā naʻe,ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka hewa, no ka haʻahaʻa ikiʻana o ka mea kanu.

ʻO keʻano o nā hua'iliaʻi heʻulaʻula, i kepoeʻia. ʻO ka nui o nā kūmole papaʻi mai 70 a 120 grams, me ka hikiʻana i kaʻohi mua ke hiki i 180-200. ʻO ka helu o nā lumi he 3-5,ʻo ka'ōnaehana maloʻo he 5%,ʻo ka sugars he 2.6%. E hoʻokomoʻia kaʻano o ka'ōmato "Hali-Ghali" e hiki ke mālama i nā hua iʻohiʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi a ua kūpono i ka laweʻana.

Hiki keʻikeʻia ke kaumaha o ka hua ma nāʻano likeʻole o ke kōmato ma ka papa:

ʻO nā hua o "Khali-Ghali" he mea maikaʻi loa ia a lilo ia i mea nani i ka papaʻaina. Hana lākou i ka meaʻono maikaʻi a me ka puree, ua hoʻokōʻia kēia ma muli o ke kūmole kiʻekiʻe. Hiki nō hoʻi ke hoʻohanaʻia ma ka home canning a me ka pupule.

Hoʻokaʻaʻike

E nānā i ke kiʻi o ka'ōmato "Hali-Ghali":

Nāʻano o ka uluʻana

Pono ke kumu o ka nahele i kahi garter, aʻo nā lālā i loko o nā pāpiki, he kūpono kūpono ia no nā lālā e uhaʻi. I kūkuluʻia i loko oʻekolu mau kiʻikuʻu, inā he lepo kūponoʻole ka lāʻau, inā i loko o ka hale hoʻoulu aiʻole i ka pāpale, a laila i loko oʻelua. He meaʻai nui ka hānai.

ʻO nāʻano Tomato "Khali-Ghali" he kūpono loa ia no kaʻaoʻao hema a ua'ōleloʻia no ka mahiʻaiʻana ma ka'āpanaʻo Caucasus o North, he nui ka hua. Ma nāʻaoʻao hema'ē aʻe ua ulu nui. Ma ka waena waena e manaʻoʻia e uhi i ke kiʻi. Ma nā wahi'ākau nui o ka'āina, ulu wale i nā'ōmaʻomaʻo wela.

ʻEluaʻano koʻikoʻi o nā'ōmato ulu ma ka lepo a me ka mea momona. Ua hoʻomākaukau mākou no nā moʻolelo he nui i pili i kēia kumuhana:

• Pehea e hoʻomākaukau pono ai i ka lepo no nā'ōmato.
• ʻO kahi lepo kūpono i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu kahiko i loko o nā greenhouses.
• He aha nāʻanoʻano lepo no nā tōmato.
• ʻO nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu, nā phosphoric a me nā mākena hoʻomākaukau.
• Nā hānai no nā mea kanu, i ka wā e pihi ai, foliar, TOP maikaʻi loa.
• Pehea e hoʻohana ai e like me kahi lehu lepo, kalo, iodine, hydrogen peroxide, amonia, acic acid.

ʻO ka mea nui,ʻo ka pololei o ka irrigation, ka wehe, ka pale. He mea maʻalahi kēia mau hana mahiʻai, akā, kōkua lākou e loaʻa nā hopena i makemakeʻia.

ʻO nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha

ʻO ka poʻe i ulu o Hali-Ghali he mea maʻalahiʻole ka lapaʻauʻana i nā maʻi, no ka mea, ua kū'ē ke kāpili i ka hapa nui o lākou. Ma waho o nā mea kanu o kēia mea kanu e pono ai ka mālama pono.

ʻO ia mauʻano e like me ka hoʻouluʻana i nā'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo, ka mālamaʻana i keʻano o ka'ōmahe a me ka mālamalama,ʻo ka weheʻana i ka lepo e lilo i mea palekana maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻopauʻia ka pono o ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā kinikona i ka maʻi o ka maʻi, aʻo ia ka hopena e pili ai i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o ka nohoʻana o ka huahana.

Eia naʻe,ʻo kaʻike e pili ana i nā maʻi nui o nā tōmato i loko o nā'ōmaʻomaʻo a me nā mea kaua e kū'ē iā lākou, he mea pono iāʻoe. E heluhelu i nā mea a pau e pili ana i Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticilliasis a Blight. A ma ka paleʻana i nā mea kanu mai nā phytophthora a me nāʻanoʻanoʻole i loaʻa i kēia maʻi.

Hiki ke hoʻoweliweliʻia nā kumukūʻaiʻo Tomato e nā meaʻeha e like me ka lapalapa potato potato, aphid, thrips, mīwī spider, slugs. Hiki i nā'ōnaehana ke hoʻopau i nā'ōpala, akā aia kekahi mauʻano'ē aʻe. Hiki iāʻoe ke heluhelu e pili ana iā lākou i loko o kā mākou mauʻatikala: pehea e hana ai i ka pīpī potato potato a me kona mau koʻi, pehea e kāpae ai i nā aphids a me nā thrips, pehea e pale ai i keʻano o nā mimili spider. A pēlā nō hoʻi, nā ala a pau e pili ai i nā nalu.

Ka Hopena

E like me kēia ma ka weheweheʻana o ke kōmato "Hali-Ghali",ʻaʻole kēia heʻano maʻalahi a nānāʻole i ka nānā. ʻO nā mea nāna e mahi i ka mahiʻana i nā tōmato i ka manawa mua e hakakā me ia. Loaʻa maikaʻi a me nā hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi o nā tōmato maikaʻi.

Ma ka papa ma lalo nei eʻikeʻoe i nā loulou i nāʻano'ōkeke e ulu ana i nā manawa likeʻole: