ʻO nā ʻoliki hoʻoilo: nā ʻano maikaʻi a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mālama

Inā makemake ʻoe e loaʻa i nā ʻāāhu hou ʻaʻole wale ma ke kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo, akā i ka hoʻoilo, e kanu i kā lākou ʻano hoʻoilo ma kāu pūnaewele. Hōʻohi ka nui o nā mea mālama i nā ʻano hou loa, akā, e kūlike ʻole i ka manaʻoʻiʻo kaulana, ʻaʻole e noho mau ka hua a paʻakikī a hilahila ʻole, e like me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana. Ma hope o ka mālama kūpono, e lilo lākou i mau aʻalulu, ʻoi aku ka momona a me ka ʻoluʻolu hoʻi.

ʻO ka wehewehe, nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā pears hoʻoilo

Ua liʻiliʻi mau ʻia ka lāʻau poli e nā māla lāʻau ma mua o nā kumulāʻau lāʻau, ma muli o ko lākou pale kūʻē ʻana i ka hau. Akā hoʻomaikaʻi aku i ka hoʻomau o nā poʻe mahanahana i kēia lā nā ʻano like hiki ke hoʻoilo i waena o Lūkia. Ke ulu nei nā pears ma nā wahi a pau.

Loaʻa nā pono kīnā ʻole pōkole o nā ʻano pear hoʻoilo:

• pili i ke ola ma mua o ʻeono malama;
• hau kūʻa o nā kumulāʻau lāʻau;
• momona ʻono a haʻi i ka momona o nā hua ma hope o ka pau ʻana;
• mālama maikaʻi loa i nā hua, ke hiki ke kahakaha aku iā lākou ma kahi lōʻihi;
• ka hiki ʻana o ka hoʻōla a me ka mālama ʻana i ka meaʻai ʻai.

E emi iki ana nā ʻano kahiko o ko lākou ʻano hana. ʻO kekahi laʻana, mālama ka hoʻoilo ʻo Bere mahele ʻo Michurina, i mālama ʻia e ka mea aloha kaulana, i mālama ʻia i loko o nā māla kahiko, ʻaʻole ia he hiapo e nā kahu hānai.

ʻO nā ʻano hou o nā pears hope he mau kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa. Loaʻa nā kuʻi i ka anti-sclerosis a me ka hopena diuretic, hoʻoikaika i nā pā capillary. Aia nā hua i nā mea kanu nui he nui, nā tannins, nā trace element a me nā huaora.

Loaʻa ka ʻōmole make i ka lā he 30,7% maloʻo, 7.05% gula, 0.12% waikawa, 3.3 mg / 100 g ascorbic acid.

E like me ka ikepili o 3. A. Sedova a me 3. F. Osinova

//bibliotekar.ru/grusha/4.htm

Eia nō kekahi, he pono nā hiʻohiʻona ʻalani o kēlā me kēia kau.

ʻO nā mea nui o nā ʻano hoʻoilo

ʻO nā ʻehā o ka lohi ʻana ma ka kumu o nā waiwai e like me ke ola mahele e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau pūʻulu:

• ka hoʻoilo mua - ua mālama ʻia i loko o ka hale hale aiʻole i loko o ka friji a hiki i ka wā hoʻomaha Kalikimaka
• hoʻoilo - moe i loko o kahi waiho ai a hiki i ka wā puna mua;
• ʻO ka hoʻoilo i ka hopena (Tikhonovka, Emerald, Zest o Crimea, Maria, Dekanka hoʻoilo, etc.) - ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, hiki iā lākou ke ola a hiki i ka lā hoʻomaha o Mei.

Ua hoʻomaka nā mea kanu hoʻoilo i ka wā kanu i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Kepakemapa. Mālama ʻia nā hua ʻai a hiki i ka makahiki Hou. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e hoʻohana iā lākou i ka meaʻai ma mua ʻole o Nowemapa, a laila hiki i nā hua ke loaʻa i nā sweets a me ka momona.

Kāne

I ka laha ʻana o nā kumulāʻau o kēia ʻano ʻano ulu i nā hua i loaʻa ma nā bunches a pau, ko lākou paona, ma ka awelika, ʻo 180 - 200 gram. Ripen ma ka hopena o Kepakemapa. ʻOiai no ka mea e nānā i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, pono lākou e ʻohi ʻia.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻiliʻili i nā pears mai kahi lāʻau o kahi ʻano o Kure ke hoʻomaka wale lākou e hāʻawi i kahi pua palupalu

I ke kaʻina ʻana o ka wā e ʻohi ai, e huli i nā hua a me ka ʻoluʻolu, akā ʻaʻole e tupu ʻo ia ma mua o nā ʻekolu pule. ʻElua wale mau malama he ola i ka papa. He maikaʻi nā hopena o nā ʻōlima maikaʻi loa - ma ka manawa kiʻekiʻe o kā lākou hoʻomohala ʻana, lawe mai ka lāʻau pia i ka ʻekolu haneli mau manawa i kēlā me kēia kau. Akā, pono kēia mea kanu i kahi wela i ke kauwela.

Chizhovskaya

ʻO ka nui ka mea i bred ai ma ka Kulanui Mokuʻāina ʻo K.A. Timiryazev i komo, i loko o ke kākau inoa mokuʻāina i ka makahiki 1993. ʻO ka lei o ka lāʻau o ka lahilahi mea maʻa mau, ʻaʻole nui loa nā hua - ke awelika o 110 gram. Ripen i ka hoʻomaka mua o Kepakemapa. Ke ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻia ke kala, i loko o kahi ʻāpana subcutaneous liʻiliʻi, ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana, kūpaʻa ʻia nā keʻoke melemele, me nā kaila ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi.

He mau hua ikaika nā Chizhovskaya, kū i ka scab a me nā kūlana ʻino

A kumu kumuhana like ʻole. ʻO ka pulp o ka nui o nā pears o ka lau Chizhovskaya ka ʻona, ʻona aila, me ka acidity. Ma kahi o ke anuanu like ʻole, e mau ka hua o nā pears mai a hoʻokahi a me ka hapa i nā malama ʻehā. Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻano like me ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi a me ka hopena makahiki, ʻaʻole like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Eia nō kekahi, nā lāʻau ʻehā o kēia ʻōnaehana maikaʻi.

Nowemapa

Ua kau ʻia nā ʻano manuahi me ke kākau inoa ʻana o ka mokuʻāina ma 1974. ʻO nā hua o ka ʻano Noyabrskaya he mau kiko nui, e kaupaona ana ma kahi o 70 mau grika, ka liʻiliʻi iki. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo kā lākou waihoʻoluʻu, me kahi pua pinkish iki. E hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā hua mai kahi lāʻau ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻOkakopa; e hele ana ka ʻala ma mua o Dekemaba. ʻAno momona ka momona, momona, me ka hoʻomoʻono ʻole me ka wai ʻole.

ʻO kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei ua ʻohi mākou i ʻekolu mau peʻa nui o nā pears o ka ʻano Noyabrskaya. Hoʻoholo mākou i ka lawe ʻole ʻana iā lākou i kekahi ala, akā e hoʻāʻo e mālama iā lākou no ka hoʻoilo. I loko o kahi papaʻai maloʻo (kahi ma kahi o +3 ° C), moe lākou i hala no kekahi mau pule. Ke ʻike nei ʻo ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kūʻai mai kēia ʻano like mai ka hoʻomaka o Dekemaba, ma nā lā mua ua loaʻa iā lākou kahi mau ʻāpana. Ua hoʻāʻo kā lākou, ua maopopo ʻaʻole i hiki mai ko lākou manawa. E hele hewa, hoʻopoina iā lākou a hiki i nā lā hope loa o Dekemaba. A hiki wale aku iā lākou i ka papa ʻaina Hou, ʻike lākou he aha ʻono maoli ka ʻike o ka ʻele o ka hoʻoilo. Ke hōʻoiaʻiʻo aku nei au iā ʻoe, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa, ʻo ko lākou ʻono a me ka ʻona hoʻi i ʻike ʻia e nā lā hope loa o ka makahiki!

ʻO nā hua o Noyabrskaya ka momona, ʻono a me ka maikaʻi i ka hua ʻaʻai, jam, pūʻai a maloʻo

He kūpono kūpono ke ʻano no ka holo lōʻihi a me ke kālepa. Ke kū'ē i nā maʻi a me nā puʻupuʻu. Nui ka huahana, akā ʻaʻole i kaona - i ka makahiki aʻe, ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi, hiki i ka lāʻau ke hoʻomaha.

ʻO ka hui ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻano pāʻala o ka hoʻoilo, ka mea i kapa ʻia: "hoʻoilo", ʻokoʻa nō ia i kona ʻano me ke ʻano o ka lā Malaki.

ʻO ka hoʻoilo Kyrgyz

Bred ma Kyrgyzstan, akā kūpono ia i nā wahi me nā kūlana pōʻino. ʻO nā kumulāʻau o kēia ʻano kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe, kahi lei aliʻi o kahi ʻāpana pyramidal, ke ʻano like me ka pili pono ʻana o nā hua i ka lālā. No laila, e wāwahi ana nā ʻupena, nā hua mai nā lālā. Aia nā hua i ka 200-250 gram. Kohi ʻia iā ʻOkakopa, ke kaila o ko lākou kala.

Mālama pono ʻia nā hua o ke ʻano hoʻoilo o Kyrgyz i nā kūlana o kahi pahu hauʻāina maʻamau a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻApelila

Ma hope o nā hebedoma e ʻūhā ʻana, lilo lākou i ʻulaʻula me kahi pua ʻulaʻula. ʻAwaʻawa, ʻawaʻawa. He mālamalama, ka pāpō, ka pipiʻi.

Mālama ʻia ka ʻano like ʻole i loko o hale hana a ka pūnāwai. Aia kona hiʻohiʻona kūlike i kona ʻano nani. No laila, hoʻohana ʻia nā kuʻikulu Kālehu Kyrgyz i ka ʻenehana kālepa.

ʻO Rossoshanskaya Late

Bred ma ka hale hōʻike mākaʻikaʻi ʻo Rossoshanskaya. ʻAʻole like nā hua o nā ʻano like ʻole, nui, ke kaupaona nei ma kahi o 300 mau grika a i ʻole. ʻO ka kala i ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, he ʻōmaʻomaʻo ia, ma ka wīwī hope ʻala me kahi pua ʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele.

ʻO nā hua o ka nui Rossoshanskaya hoʻonaninani i kekahi manawa ke hiki ke hiki i 400 a hiki 500 kekona o ka paona

ʻO ka pulp o nā huaʻai he ʻono, ʻono, keʻokeʻo-melemele, me kahi ʻala ikaika. E hōʻili i nā pears i ka hopena o Kepakemapa. Store a hiki i ka hopena o Ianuali.

Ua ʻike ʻia aia kahi mea liʻiliʻi loa ma ka pihi Rossoshanskaya i kaulana wale nō ma ka -32 ° C.

ʻUleʻa ka huahana. ʻO ka lāʻau ma mua o 5 mau makahiki e hāʻawi mau ana i 30 kg o ka hua i kēlā me kēia kau. He ʻano like ʻole: ʻo ka huahana i nā makahiki like ʻole.

Kuban lawena

ʻO kēiaʻanoʻano kapa ʻia me ka lei sparse. Manaʻo ʻia ka ʻano like ʻole e hoʻohiki i ka mahiʻai i nā māla ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana kūlohelohe. Loaʻa nā huaʻai - ma kahi o 150 mau grama, maʻamau ka pānaʻi pia, ka paʻakikī. ʻO ka kala i ka manawa o ka hōʻiliʻili - ma ka hopena o Kepakemapa - he ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me kahi ākea ʻike ākea. Ma hope o kekahi mau pule o ke aloha ʻana, ʻāpana nā hua. ʻO ka ʻiʻa ko lākou ʻiʻo, ʻili iki a palupalu. Ka wehewehe maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻala, he ʻono a me ka ʻono. Mālama ʻia nā ʻano Kuban hope a hiki i ka waena o Ianuali.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻano o kēia wā o ka wā hoʻoilo ma o nā wā he nui lōʻihi. Hiki ke ola i kēia mau ʻano a hiki i Mei, me ka pau ʻole o ko lākou ʻono. He mea nui e noʻonoʻo e mālama ʻia nā pears o nā ʻano like ʻole i ʻelua mau manawa i ka mahana o ka lumi ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana.

Emerald

Kahi nā lāʻau o kēia ʻano, he lei aliʻi compact. Pono lākou i ka wela o ke kauwela, akā ʻike lākou i ka hoʻoilo maikaʻi. Ua ʻohi ʻia nā hua i ʻOkakopa. ʻOi ka nui o nā pear, hiki i ka 300 gram. Ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka lau, loaʻa iā lākou ke kala melemele me kahi pua ʻulaʻula. Ke keʻokeʻo ka pīpī a, ʻoiai ke mālama i ka wā lōʻihi, ʻano nui.

ʻO ka hua pihi emerald ua hoʻopuni ia, me ka pulupa ʻoi, nui ka wai momona

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa ka huahana huahana i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO kekahi pōmaikaʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole i hāʻule ka hua ʻōpala mai ka lāʻau a hiki i lalo o ka mana o ka makani.

Tikhonovka

Hāʻawi kēia lāʻau nui i ka nui me nā hua liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano he 50-80 g., Solid, greenish-yellow. E hōʻiliʻili ai a hiki i ke kau wai.

ʻO nā kiʻo Tikhonovka liʻiliʻi, akā nui ka nui o ka ulu ma ka lālā

I ka hoʻoilo, huli lākou i ka melemele, ke maloʻo ka ʻiʻo, akā loaʻa ka juiciness. Maikaʻi kēlā ʻano ʻokoʻa i loko o ka mea ua hoʻopau ʻia a hiki i ke aumoe.

ʻO nā mea nui o nā ʻano hoʻoilo no nā ʻāpana like ʻole

Ke koho ʻana i kahi ʻano pā no kou māla, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ʻaʻole pono iā lākou a pau e pili i kou mau mālamalama. Manaʻo nā Breeders no kēlā me kēia māhele i kēlā me kēia ʻano like e hoʻokūkū kūpono i nā hiʻohiʻona kime kūpono o ia wahi.

Pau nā hau e ka hoʻoilo no ka hema o Rūsia

Late Kuban - paʻakikī-paʻakikī, hoʻomaka i ka hua i ka makahiki ʻeono ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. Palapala ka uku makahiki. ʻO ka ʻano e kū i ka scab. Ke kaupaona nei nā huaʻai a hiki i ka 170 mau grama, ka melemele, me kahi puaʻole. Kima no ka hoʻohana honua. ʻO ka meaʻokoʻa o ka ʻano ka mea ʻala ʻono.

ʻO ka hopena o ka ua o Leninakan, he hoʻomaka wale ka neʻe i ka -30 ° C wale nō. Nā huaʻai i nā makahiki 5 ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. ʻO ka nui o ka huaʻai he 200 grā, loaʻa i ka nui o nā mea nui loa he 400 ka nui. ʻO ka kala i ka manawa o ka hōʻiliʻili he'ōmaʻomaʻo, ma hope o ka hōʻeaʻana i nā mea kūʻai maʻa, ʻulaʻula. Ke keʻokeʻo ka pīpī, keʻokeʻo a ʻono loa. Mālama ʻia ia a hiki i Pepeluali. ʻO nā pono o nā mea moʻomeheu o ka wā mua a me ka maikaʻi o ke kūlohelohe maikaʻi o nā hua.

Ua ulu mākou i ka nui o nā ʻaina Leninakanskaya i ke aniau o Lūkia hema. I nā makahiki mahanahana, me ka hoʻōla maikaʻi a me ka hānai me ka puʻuwai, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hua i 380-410 g. Akā, i loko o ka māla wahi e like me ka ʻike, ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou. ʻ saidlelo mai nā mānoʻi ua kaupaona ʻia, a ulu nā pā i hoʻokahi i 550 gram. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole wau i ʻike i kēia me koʻu mau maka.

ʻO Cheremshina kahi lahilahi-paʻakikī hoʻi o ka hoʻoilo, kona mau hua he melemona-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ke kiko-nui - nā awelika o 200 gramu. Ua ʻohi ʻia ka hua i ʻOkakopa, ma ka mahana o ka lumi, ua mālama ʻia nā pī a hiki i ka hopena o Dekemaba, i ka papahele a hiki i ka pūnāwai. ʻO ka meaʻokoʻa o ka ʻano ka mea leʻaleʻa, nāwaliwali i ka ʻono a me ka momona ikaika o ka hua.

ʻO nā ʻolokeʻo Winter no Ukraine

Palani - ka ulu ikaika loa, me ka lei aliʻi pyramidal. ʻO nā hua me kahi huʻu ʻoliva, ʻōpō me kahi pua. Kuhi ʻia ke ʻano o ka pears, ke kaupaona - ma aneane 180 gram. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili no 8-10 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana a hiki i ka 100 kg no kēlā me kēia kumulāʻau. Mālama ʻia nā hua ia mea i ke kō a hiki i Ianuali a i ka hoʻomaka mua o Malaki. He mea pono e noʻonoʻo o ka like ʻole o ka palupalu ia iho, no ka hoʻopili ʻana e pono ai i nā ʻano ʻo Pestra Iulai, Josephine, Lectier.

ʻO ka Winter Mliyevskaya kahi ʻano paʻa i ka hoʻoilo, kūpaʻa i ka maʻi scab. ʻO nā hua o ka nui o ka lahilahi, mai 100 a 200 200 mau grama, ka lōʻihi o ka elongated, ākea pāpaʻi. ʻO kaʻaila ka pulpula, me nā hua liʻiliʻi, ka ʻona a me ka momona. Mālama maikaʻi ʻia i ka papahele a hiki i ʻApelila. ʻO ka ʻano kūlike o ka ʻano he lāʻau kiʻekiʻe e ulu ana me kahi lei laulā e loaʻa ʻole i kahi lei ʻē aʻe e pili pono ana.

ʻO ka hoʻoilo ʻo Artyomovskaya - kahi lāʻau me kahi lei pyramidal aʻilihune a me nā hua tuberous e kaupaona ana mai ka 170 a 350 g. Paʻu ka ʻiʻo, palala, momona, akā nāwaliwali ka mea ʻala.
ʻO ka paʻakikī paʻakikī ka hoʻoilo. Hōʻino i ka scab inā loaʻa, a laila i kekahi pae liʻiliʻi loa. Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano: no ka hoʻokō ʻoi aku, pono e kūkulu ʻia ka lei, aʻo ka mea kanu ikaika i ka wā ʻōpio, ʻōwaliwali nā lāʻau.

I ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili ai, loaʻa i nā pears o nā ʻano Artyomovskaya kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā wahi a rusty, eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā hua e ʻoki ai, e kiʻi hou aku a nani.

ʻO nā ʻaleʻale hoʻoilo no ka wahi o Volgograd

ʻO ka melting ke ʻano o ke anā o ka wā i huli ai, no laila ke kau ʻia ma ka hui hoʻoilo. Hāʻawi ka hua mua i ka makahiki ʻeono, e hua ana i ka hua i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Kūpono nā hua i ka wā i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ai he 400 mau paona o ka paona. Mālama lākou i kā lākou hōʻike maikaʻi a hiki i ka pūnāwai. ʻO ke ʻano like ʻole Thawing i nā maʻi e like me ke kōpaʻa ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻili. Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano: ʻono maikaʻi, no ka mea, ua pālahalaha nui ʻia ia ma ka ʻāina Volgograd, ʻoiai ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo.

Ma muli o Malyaevskaya - kahi lāʻau haʻahaʻa kūlike o ka hau a hoʻomaka i ka hua i ka makahiki eono. ʻO ka huahana ma kahi o ka mokuʻo Volga i kēlā me kēia makahiki a kiʻekiʻe loa. Hāʻawi kahi lāʻau i ka 50 kg o ka hua e kau ana ma luna o 150 gram. ʻO ka ʻano e kū i ka scab. Nā hua papaʻaina, loaʻa i nā peni wai momona o kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, ʻono a me ka ʻono, ka ʻono ʻono a me nā momona. Mālama ʻia nā huaʻai o ka hua ʻai hou o Malyaevskaya no 2 mau mahina.

Mahele like ʻole ʻo Malyaevskaya - ke koho aupuni, i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka hana o ka ʻāina ʻo Vol Volga, i ka hoʻoilo nui

Hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia ʻāina i kapa ʻia, ʻoiai he mau ʻano o ka hoʻoilo ʻo Malvina, ʻo Samara i hala, etc.

ʻO nā ʻoliki hoʻoilo no ka ʻāina waena o Rūsia

Ma hope o Belarusian - ʻo nā ʻano hua like me kāu no 3-4 mau makahiki, e hua ana ma kahi o 100 grika o ka hua. Kūpono ʻia ko lākou hiʻohiʻona, ʻano like ke kala ma ke ʻano o ka matur - mai ke ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā kiʻi brownish, i ka melemele me kahi pua. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, nā lāʻau pā o ka huaʻai ʻo Belorussian Late ʻaʻole i pale i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki. Loaʻa ka maikaʻi o nā ʻano like me ka hua mua, ka hau a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa.

ʻO ka māka Kokinskaya - ke ʻano o ka lei o kahi kumulāʻau o kēia ʻano. Hoʻomaka ke hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ke ʻano o ka makahiki ʻehā ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. Hāpai nā lāʻau momona i 100 kg o ka hua i ka manawa. ʻO ka palemele ka hoʻoilo-maloʻo, me ke anu nui, hiki i nā pua ke make, akā ʻaʻole ka make ʻo ka lāʻau pono. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻano like ʻole: ke pale aku i kēlā maʻi, ʻoiai ua pili ka ʻili i ka hua.

Hiki i nā mea kanu i ka Central Russia, a me nā Urals, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia i nā ʻano ʻoko i ke ahiahi ma hope o ka hoʻoilo, ʻo Chelyabinsk, ke kauwela gula, ka hoʻoilo ʻo Glazkova. ʻO ia nā ʻano lāʻau paʻakikī loa-hoʻoilo. No ka hoʻohālikelike, ola nā rula ʻo Chelyabinsk i ka - 37 degere. A hiki iā Winter Glazkova ke kū i ka makahiki he kanahā o ka hau, ʻoiai, e like me nā meli āpau i mālama pono ʻia, mālama pono ʻia a loaʻa iā ia ka hoʻāʻo i ka Duchess kaulana.

ʻO ka ʻanuʻu Chelyabinsk hoʻoilo - hoʻokahi o ka kū hau

Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kanu pua

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i ka hua pā i ka pūnāwai a i ka hoʻoilo. Akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā māla e hana i kēia me ka hāʻule, a puni ka hoʻomaka o ʻOkakopa, i ka manawa o ka hoʻolohi i ka neʻe o ka wai i nā mea kanu.

I kaʻoiaʻiʻo, aia kahi wehewehe kūpono no kēia: ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo aia ma ka wā lūlū aia kekahi o ka hāmeʻa i hoʻohui ʻia, e hiki ai i nā hua ʻōpio ke ulu ikaika. Hoʻoulu pinepine mākou i nā kumulāʻau peni ma waena oʻOkakopa, a i kēlā me kēia manawa ua mau i ko mākou mau manaʻo. Aneane a hiki i Nowemapa, mahana, a i kēia manawa hāʻawi nā mea kanu i nā aʻa hou. Ua kōkua kēia i ka poʻe ʻōpio ʻoi e hoʻomākaukau me ka hilinaʻi no ka hoʻoilo. A me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o ka pūnāwai, ʻo kahi ʻōnaehana i mākaukau mākaukau nui e loaʻa ka ikaika i nā lāʻau ʻōpio.

Hoʻomoe kahua

No ke kanu ʻana i kahi kumulāʻau, kahi wahi kiʻekiʻe, kūlohelohe ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana hema o kāu pūnaewele e hana. ʻO ka lepo kūpono no kēia ʻai he ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha, i hina hina.

Ke hoʻolālā nei i kahi ma kahi o kahi pōʻai, hoʻomanaʻo mau e hiki i nā aʻa o kahi lāʻau makua ke iho i lalo o 7-8 mika.

Ke koho ʻana i nā hua

Kūleʻa nā mea hōʻike i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mea kanu i nā mea kanu kūikawā. Akā, inā wiwo ʻole ʻoe e kūʻai i kahi lāʻau ʻōpiopio i ka mākeke, a i ʻole nā ​​hoa noho i loko o ka māla ʻana, e nānā pono iā ia. I loko o kahi hua hānai maikaʻi ʻaʻole i ʻāpono ʻia:

• kihi maloʻo;
• nā ʻāpana o ka aʻa ʻana i nā wahi;
• he lāʻau maloʻo maloʻo, pale ʻole.

He mea nui e nānā pono i ka lāʻau i kūʻai ʻia ma ka mākeke ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, e hoʻāʻo e kū i ke aʻa a me ka ʻokiʻoki

Aia no kekahi mau kumu i hōʻea ʻoe i nā aʻa maloʻo maikaʻiʻole, e hoʻōla iā lākou ma ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana iā lākou i ka wai me ka pō Aia paha a hiki i ke kakahiaka aʻe e hele mai lākou e ola a lilo i waena.

Kūleʻa hele wāwae

Inā kokoke kahi ma ka māla i ka kūpono no kahi māla, liʻiliʻi paha ka nui o ke kanu - ua lawa ia e kūpono i nā kumu o kahi hua hua. Akā inā makemake wale ʻoe i ka momona o ka substrate, e kāpīpī ana i ka hui ʻana o ka lepo, a laila hohonu ka lua - mai 80 cm i hoʻokahi mika. Pono ka māhuahua ma kahi o 75 ma 75 cm.

Pono hou e hoʻokō pono i nā hana paʻa.

ʻEkahi 1

No ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hui ʻaina e hoʻopiha i ka lua, pono ʻoe:

• pāhiʻipiʻi, ʻuwī manu a ʻūlū - 35 kg .;
• superphosphate - 1,3 kg;
• lime - 1,3 kg;
• Kalepo paʻahu - 150 gr.

E ninini i ka wai momona i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka lua o ka pākaukau a hana i kahi puʻu ma waena o ka lua

E ninini i ka hapalua o ka pauku i pau i ka pahu, me ka waiho ʻana ma kahi o kahi kahawai ma laila. A laila e kau i kahi pā i ka pali ʻeleʻele. Pono he hapalua mika ma luna o ka lepo.

Hana 2

Kipi i ke kumu o ka pa i ka mash pālala, e kau i nā aʻa ma luna o ka puʻu a hoʻopaʻa i ka lepo.

He mea nui e hopu i ka ʻāina a puni ka ʻōpala ma mua o ka hoʻoinu ʻana.

ʻEkuhi 3

Ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka lepo, e huki i kahi pōkole pili kokoke i ʻike ʻole ka wai, a laila e ninini mau i ʻelua mau wai wai. Ma hope o ke kali ʻana i ka wa e hoʻopili ʻia ai ka wai, e uhi i ka wahi kokoke i ke ʻōpala me ka peat. E kāʻei i kahi lāʻau liʻiliʻi i kākoʻo.

ʻ Treelelo kia nui

Pono nā mea kanu ʻōpio i ka hoʻokumu ʻāina aliʻi. No ka manawa mua, hana ʻia ka kāpīpī i ka lua o ka makahiki o ka ulu, i ka wā mua. ʻO ka mea nui nui e hoʻoponopono pono i ka manawa kūpono no ka hana. ʻOi ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻana o nā ʻokiʻoki ma nā lula ma kahi wela ʻole ma lalo o -8 ºC.

No ka hana i kēia, pono ʻoe e koho i ka manawa ke hoʻomaka nei nā keiki. Hoʻomaka wau e nānā i ke ʻano o nā keiki mai ka hopena o Malaki. Ke hoʻonui lākou i ka nui, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka e hoʻomākaukau no ka kanu. Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka lā palena no ka mea kanu i kēlā lā i ka wā e kupu ai nā ʻōpala o ke kīpopiki i nā kīwaha a me ka pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā lau i kū i ka lumen. Ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana o ka hoʻopā ʻana i nā lālā - ua neʻe ka wai, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻi hou mai nā wahi o nā apana no ka lōʻihi.

ʻO nā lālā a pau i kuhikuhi ʻia i luna e ʻoki ʻia me kahi secateurs i kahi hapakolu o ka lōʻihi. Hoʻomaikaʻi kēia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka loaʻa hou o ka lāʻau.

Kuhi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa makahiki ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o ka makahiki i ka makahiki ma 1/3 o ka lōʻihi no nā makahiki ʻokoʻa o ka lāʻau

Hoʻomoʻa i ka wai

I ka makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nei ka hua liʻiliʻi ma kahi o hoʻokahi pule. I ka awelika, hoʻokahi e ʻelua mau kapeke wai e hoʻohana ʻia no kēlā me ka irrigation. I kekahi mau makahiki e hiki mai ana, piʻi nui ka nui o ka wai, akā ka manawa o ka irrigation e hoʻololi i hoʻokahi manawa i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule.

Pahu ʻaina no nā ʻarā

ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o kēia moʻomeheu ke koi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. No kēia kumu, hoʻohana ʻia ka nitrogen i nā makahiki ʻehā o ka makahiki o ka mea kanu i ka pau ʻana i nā koina. Pono e hoʻopili i nā mea kanu Nitrogen i ka wā o ka pua o nā lau. ʻAʻole pono nā lāʻau Pili i nā makahiki he ʻehā no ka mālama ʻana i ka nitrogen nitrogen.

ʻO ka lole ʻaihue ʻokoʻa me ka haukapila ʻae ʻia me ka pololi o ka pololi momona, ʻoiai ke ulu mālie loa ka lāʻau pia a he māmā, a nāwaliwali nā lau.

ʻO nā mea ʻala no ka hānai e hoʻohana ʻia ʻaʻole ma mua o hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia 3-5 mau makahiki. Ehia mau e hāʻawi ai i kau i ka ulu o ka ʻāina i kāu māla.

Akā pono ka mea kanu mineral i ka lāʻau pā i kēlā me kēia makahiki. A i ʻole, e emi koke ka mea kanu, e hoʻolilo ana i nā mea kanu e hāʻawi iā mākou i kahi māla.

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki no ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā ʻaʻa kūlohelohe, ʻo ka mea mua, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka pūpū pākūkala-potassium i nā ʻōpū i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e pili ana he 50 a 25 mau pākahi i kēlā me kēia square square, e kāwili pū me ka lepo.

Ma hope o ka hānai, he mea nui e mālama mau i nā ʻōpala, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻae iā lākou e ulu i ka mauʻu

Papa no ka hoʻoilo

ʻOiai inā e manaʻo ʻia nā ʻano pā i ka hau hau, ʻo nā kumulāʻau i kanu ʻia ma nā wahi me ka nui o ka pōkole e koi i nā pale. Hoʻopili ia i ka ʻōpū o ka lāʻau i kāʻei ʻia i ka lole ikaika e like me ka burlap.

E like me ka insulasi, ka lau maloʻo, lau, mauʻu ka hoʻohana ʻana, me ka hoʻohui o nā mauʻu ʻala - wormwood, mint, a me nā ʻano ʻano ʻano ʻano o nā pakeke. E kōkua kēia ʻano e hana i ka lāʻau no ka maikaʻiʻole i nā isika.

He mau ala e pale ai i nā lāʻau mai nā hau a me nā makani anuanu

Hiki i kēia mea hoʻomehana ke waiho ʻia ma lalo o ka lole e ʻuwī i ka ʻala, a ke kanu nei hoʻi i kekahi mau kenimika ma ka ʻāina a puni o ka ʻuala. He mea nui kēia wahi e hehi ʻili.

Nā maʻi a me nā maʻi ʻeha

ʻOiai kekahi mau ʻāpana - ʻo ka ʻoiʻoi loa o ka līpine, ka mea i hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻōpala, ua loaʻa nō hoʻi nā ʻano pil i ka hoʻoilo mai nā pōpō a me nā maʻi.

Kuhihewa

Kāhea ʻia e kahi pathogen kino - kākele. Hiki i kēia maʻi ke uhi maʻalahi i ka lāʻau āpau - mai ka ʻāpana i nā hua a me nā lau.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka scab on pears e nā fungi pathogenic a koi pono i ka hoʻokele koke

Hūlū hua

ʻO nā ʻāpana a pau o ka mea kanu i ka ulaula pō. ʻAʻole ʻōniʻoniʻo koke ia i ka launa pū o ka lāʻau, akā, ʻo kona poʻe hoalauna hoʻi e kokoke ana i kahi mamao o kahi lālā elongated.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i ka huaʻai humuhumu ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā hua i nā hua ʻala liʻiliʻi e hana ʻia i ka pākeke

ʻŌpala

Hoʻopilikia kēia maʻi maʻi i ka holopu mikroskopika pathogenic. ʻO ka mea lawe i ka pilikia e manaʻo ʻia he mea hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me ka juniper.

Kohu ʻia ka ʻala me nā wahi ʻulaʻula aniani i nā lau pear

ʻO ka liʻiliʻi, ʻo nā hua pā o ka hoʻoilo ka pā i nā maʻi e like me ka Powdery mildew, kahi mea i like me ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, a me nā hua pala, kahi i hoʻopau loa i nā hua. Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka rot e nā maʻi i lawe ʻia ma nā ʻōpū o nā manu a i ʻole nā ​​lima o ka poʻe māla.

Palapala: nā ala a me nā huaʻōlelo o ka hakakā ʻana i nā maʻi

Shele gall midge

ʻO ka pōʻino weliweli loa i ka nānā ʻana i kahi mahele ʻokoʻa loa o ka ʻalani brownish.

ʻO nā ʻōlani o ka lau lau e like me nā pōpilikia liʻiliʻi 2-2,5 mm lōʻihi, me nā ʻēheu polikika a me nā antennae lōʻihi

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kēlā mau pepeke malū ma kāu kumulāʻau, e ʻike e hoʻomaka koke ana kāna mau huakaʻi i ka nui o ka lau o nā lau, i kumu e ulu ai lākou.

Lāʻau

ʻO kēia kukuna ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo mau mea liʻiliʻi, e hoʻomoʻi, hōʻai a puni i kahi lau a hoʻopaʻa ʻia iā ia me kahi pūnaewele sticky.

Hiki ke uhi ʻia ka Leafloader me nā uhiʻeleʻele a hoʻopili i nā cobwebs

ʻO ka liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka huʻu o ka hoʻoilo i hoʻoulu ʻia e nā mea inikua e like me nā mites huaʻai, nā aphids e hānai ana i ka wai o nā lau, a i ʻole kekahi mauʻu momona - ʻai i ka hua. Akā, ʻoi aku ka makemake o nā ʻano leʻalulu haʻahaʻa.

Palapala: nā ala a me nā huaʻōlelo o ka maʻi pest:

Naana

E like me ka mea i hōʻike mua ʻia, ua loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kulu keʻa wālohi. Eia nō naʻe, mai poina e pili i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kahawai o kou ʻāina. I mea e hoʻoholo pololei ai i nā lā hōʻiliʻili no kāu māla, pono ʻoe e hahai i nā lula i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka ʻike.

1. E kali a hiki kāpae wale ʻia ka hua mai ka lālā.
2. E koho i ka manawa maloo e hōʻiliʻili.
3. Mai hopohopo, inā i ka manawa o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā pears, paʻakikī lākou, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ka wā e mālama pono ai.
4. Hoʻopau a waiho i nā huaʻai i loko o nā kāʻei lima - inā ʻoe e kāʻohi pono ʻole i ka ʻili me kahi manamana lima, ʻaʻole e mālama ʻia nā ʻili.
5. Mai makaʻu i ka luhi me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ʻaʻohe pōpilikia nui.

Pau nā lūlū wela i nā manawa, no laila he manawa kūpono ka huaʻai i ka paakiki, a na lākou e hoʻonui i ka hoʻomanawanui ma ka wā o kahi e waiho ai.

I loko o kā māua mahiʻai, ʻohiʻoki ʻia nā kime o nā hoʻoilo i ka liʻiliʻi loa i ka wā ʻaʻohe hua ʻē aʻe. No ka mea inā ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili iā lākou ma mua, e lilo ka hua i palaka a piha ʻole, ma hope o ka mālama ʻana. I kekahi mea, ua ʻākoakoa nā hoalauna i nā poli o nā ʻano i ʻike ʻole ʻia i ka hoʻomaka mua o Kepakemapa. Mālama ʻia a hiki i ka lā Pepeluali, hoʻāʻo, a hāʻawi i ka bipi. No laila, ʻaʻole mākou e wikiwiki i ka hōʻiliʻili, ke kali nei i ke ʻano o ka liʻiliʻi o ka mea nāwaliwali, akā pili. Emerald ʻano, no ka laʻana, hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ʻōmaʻomaʻo, akā aia ka palupalu nāu o kahi pala wale. E nānā i kāu mau peʻaleʻa i hope, a i loko o kekahi mau makahiki, e ʻike maopopo iā ʻoe i ka wā e hiki mai ai ko lākou oo mua ʻana.

Kumuhana

ʻO nā ʻano hua hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hāʻawi i nā hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi loa. ʻO kahi haʻahaʻa loa i hiki ke kapa ʻia, no ka laʻana, nā ʻano Nika a me Ako. ʻO nā kumulāʻau kahiko o kēia mau ʻano, i ka lālau o ka hua, hānai iā 75 kg mai kēlā me kēia mea kanu. He hopena maikaʻi paha kēia, akā ma waena o nā ʻano hope aʻe aia mau nā lanakila maoli. No ka laʻana, ka nui o nā paona o nā hua mai kahi hoʻokahi o nā ʻano hoʻoilo ʻo Bere ʻo Michurina a me Saratovka pinepine ma mua o 200 kg, a he lāʻau nui o nā ʻano Curie hiki ke hana i ka 350 a ʻoi paha kilograms!

Loaʻa nā ʻano like o nā hōkulu no nā hōʻiliʻili i ka wā lohi.

Pehea e mālama ai i kahiʻano

No ka mālama pono ʻana i nā pears, pono ʻoe e makaʻala e pili ana i ke koho ʻana o nā ipu. He mea nui e hoʻokō i kekahi mau kī nui e hui ia:

• ka pālaʻi maikaʻi - ka lāʻau, hoʻopili ʻia me ka pepa, hoʻopili ʻia me ka ʻūpū - ʻo ia ka mea e pale ai i nā pears mai nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻōpū a me ka pala;
• pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāina kahi mālama a ʻaʻole palaka;
• ma kahi kikoʻī, ʻelua mau papa o ka nui i hoʻomāno ʻia e nā ʻōpala i hoʻopā ʻole i kekahi a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka lau malo a mosa paha;
• ʻaʻole pono i loko o ka pahu i kahi o ka 14-16 kg o ka hua;
• ʻoi aku nā hua o nā ʻano ʻāpana like ʻole o ka nui o nā ʻāpana like ʻole i hoʻokahi;
• no ka mālama 'ana i nā hua i nā peke palupalu, ua ʻoluʻolu mua ʻia nā ʻōlani, a pana ʻia ka ea i waho o nā ʻeke.

No ka mālamaʻana i ka hua, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo pono i ke koho o nā ʻano no ka mālama ʻana i nā hua

ʻO ka mahana a me ka lōʻihi o ka mālama

Hiki ke hilinaʻi nui e mālama i nā pears i loko o kahi lumi anu - mai ka minuke 1 a i 0 ° C, me kahi haʻahaʻa o 95%. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau lōlapa i pono i liʻiliʻi he 1-2 ° C o ka wela. A i loko o kēia mau hiʻohiʻona, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo ma mua.

Papa pākaukau: nā kūlana mālama kūpono no kekahi mau ʻano

Hoʻohana

ʻO nā ʻehā o nā ʻano hua mai hope he pulpulu i loaʻa a loaʻa nā ʻona he nui. No laila, ʻoi aku lākou i kūpono no nā mea hana ma mua o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, no laila, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka hoʻoilo hou ʻana i ka hoʻoilo, ua hoʻohana ʻia lākou i ke ʻano o:

• mālama a hoʻākoakoa;
• lāleʻa a me ka meli;
• waina
• momolilo a hua ʻala.

ʻO ka pear marmalade kahi hana momona me ka kōkō a me ka gelatin

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka lei me nā waiwai anti-inflammatory e hoʻohana ʻia ma ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna a me ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau i loko o ka ʻoihana lapaʻau.

Vitio: ʻo ke ʻano o ka hua o nā hua pā pōkole

Hōʻike nā māla

Makemake wale mākou e pili ana i nā pears a manaʻo mākou ʻaʻole ia me ko mākou hauʻoli ... 3 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, aia wale nō i ka pūnāwai, kanu lākou iā Just Maria, ka Sorceress, Belarussian puhē a me Veles. ʻO kēia ka mua ka hua mua. Maikaʻi ʻo Maria wale nō. Aia ma kahi o 30 mau ʻale, 10 nona mākou i holo i mua o ka manawa no ka mea ʻaʻole mākou e hoʻomanawanui e kali. I kekahi mau lā i hala aku nei, ua lawe aku lākou i ke koena. Aia maanei lākou i loko o ka papahele o kahi mau ʻāpana i kahi lā i ʻala. Ua like ia me nā pears momona!

Kauike

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Hiki iaʻu ke kuhikuhi wale i kaʻike pilikino. Ke ulu nui nei nā makahiki 10 a e kau pū nei no Autumn Yakovleva a me Veles, ʻelua ʻāpana a me ka momona. ʻAʻole ka hopena o nā mea i koe o nā maʻi i hua, akā ua maikaʻi ʻo Pamyat Zhegalov a me Pamyat Yakovlev a me Belorussian ma hope, ʻaʻole naʻe i ʻike hou ʻia kēia mau huaʻai. Ke hoʻāʻo pū nei au e ulu iā Nick. ʻO ka ʻoluʻolu loa, nā ʻono a me nā hua like nui a Autumn Yakovleva, akā kākau lākou lākou ʻaʻole ia ka hoʻoilo-paʻakikī, ʻaʻole wau i ʻike.

Lanet

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He lei au o ka hoʻoilo ʻo Pamyat Zhegalov. ʻO ka huaʻai ka hao, a i ka mahina o Kepakemapa hoʻi, ʻaʻole maikaʻi nō lākou, akā, he mea ʻino ka ʻai (ma ka manawa mua ʻoe ʻaʻole e huki, a palu lākou, akā maikaʻi ʻole e like me ka mauʻu). Pane loa i ka ʻā. ʻO ka moʻolelo like pū me nā hoalauna o ka ʻano Lada like ʻole.

gloriya4915

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Ma koʻu wahi kahiko, ke ulu nei nā Chizhovskaya a me Lada. Ua maikaʻi nā lāʻau, hānau lākou i ka maikaʻi, akā ... ʻaʻole like i kā lākou i ʻōlelo ai. E lilo koke lākou i nā palupalu, ʻo Lada. ʻAʻole wale kekahi o ka mea waena. ʻAʻole hiki ke kūkā ke mālama. ʻAʻole paha wau ʻaʻole laki. Ua kūʻai au ma mua o Sadko. No laila ʻaʻole i nā mea hou ke kanu hou ʻia. ʻAi wale nā ​​keiki, ʻai keiki paha i ka pālepa. ʻĀ, ʻaʻole makemake wau i kēlā, palupalu.

ʻĀhai

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Maikaʻi ia no nā māla lawaiʻa e hōʻole ʻole i nā ʻano hou loa o nā pears e ʻike pono pono ai kēia mau hua i nā rula kūikawā no ka hōʻiliʻili a me ka mālama ʻana. Inā nānā ʻia, e loaʻa maoli nā hua i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mea kūʻai. ʻO kēia ka mea i hōʻike nui ʻia ma waena o nā peʻa hoʻoilo a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.