He pua lāʻau ʻo Freesia mai ka ʻohana Iris. Hele mai ia ma Aferika Hema. No kona ʻano nani maikaʻi a me ka momona ʻono, ua lilo ʻo freesia i punahele nui o ka poʻe māla mau mau makahiki i hala. ʻO ka mea ʻono me nā moʻolelo o ka lilia o ke awāwa i hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻike o ka inoa lua - Cape lily o ke awāwa. Ua kanu ʻia nā mea kanu i loko o ka māla a ulu i ka home, ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano like like ʻole me nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano like ʻole o nā inflorescences. ʻAʻole paʻakikī ke mālama i ka freesia, a me ka nānā ʻana i kekahi mau hoʻopunipuni, hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i nā pua pua i ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO ka wehewehe lāʻau
ʻO ka Freesia kahi mea kanu makahiki. ʻO nā corms nā elongated a i ʻole like me lyre. Ua uhi ʻia lākou me nā kiʻi ʻulaʻula a me nā kukui. I kēlā me kēia mau makahiki 2 ma hope o ka pua ʻana, make ke corm a i puka mai nā keiki ma kona wahi. Hōʻike ka ʻōpū o ka mea kanu i nā lau laina liʻiliʻi e ulu kū pono mai ka lepo ma ke kumu o ka kumu. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka pepa lau he 15-20 cm, a ʻaʻole e laulā ka laulā ma luna o 1 cm. Ma nā lauʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, ua ʻike maopopo ʻia ka vein waena.
ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka freedia o freesia e ulu i 20-70 cm, nā lahilahi pōkole e hiki i ka 1 m ke kiʻekiʻe. Ua hoʻopiha nui ʻia ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka pana. ʻO 3-4 mau mahina ma hope o ke ala ʻana o nā ʻōpala, ua uhi ʻia kēlā me kēia lālā i ka inflorescence-ʻano like ʻole. ʻO ia ka 3-6 mau pua. Nā pua ʻāpana i loko o ke ʻano o kahi pākuʻikiʻu pōkole me kahi paipa lōʻihi ma nā kihi ke mahele ʻia i 6 petals. ʻO ka lōʻihi ka corolla o 3-5 cm, a ʻo ke anawaena a hiki i 6 cm.ʻO nā petals lākou he oval, me kahi kihi. Ma ka kikowaena o ka pākō he 3 mau lālā stamens a me kahi pākaʻi. Loaʻa nā Petals i kahiʻokoʻa o nā kala. He keʻokeʻo kēia, ʻiliʻele, lilac, ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, uliuli a poni. ʻO kekahi manawa i ulana ka pharynx i kahi pale hoʻohālikelike a i ʻole nā wahiʻeleʻele i loaʻa i ke kikowaena o nā petals.
Ma hope o ka hoʻomoe ʻana, ua ʻūhā nā pahu hua lanakila. He liʻiliʻi ʻuʻuku a loaʻa iā lākou nā hua ʻeleʻele brown. Mālama ʻia ka liʻiliʻi o ka wā ma ka makahiki.
Nā kuʻuna a me nā ʻano hoʻolālā
Ua hoʻopaʻa inoa inoa ʻia nā 16 nui o nā mea kanu i loko o keʻano o freesia. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou e ulu wale ma ka hihiu. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano Hybrid i loko o ka moʻomeheu, ʻoi aku ka mau o ka pale ʻana i ke aniani, akā i nā lewa ʻākau.
Broken freesia (keʻokeʻo). ʻO kahi mea kanu mea kanu paʻakikī me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 40 cm. He lahilahi a ke kumu lāʻau koʻikoʻi a hoʻopau i nā inflorescences o kahi waiū keʻokeʻo waiū. Ma ka waihona o nā kihi pana pua e ulu i nā kala'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo. Nā ʻano:
- Alba - nā pua nani i nā lei keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo e uhi ʻia i nā laina ʻulaʻula a i loko o ka pā;
- ʻHea - ma luna o nā petals o ka ʻona waiū i loaʻa kahi wahi ʻōniʻoniʻo, ʻo ke ʻano o ka lilia o ke awāwa e ikaika loa.
Freesia Armstrong. Kahi a hiki i kahi 70 cm ke kiʻekiʻe e hohola ana i nā pua i kālai ʻia me 4-5 cm ka lōʻihi. He keʻokeʻo, he poni a ʻulaʻula a kala ke kala. ʻO ka ʻano ʻano cardinal he mea kanu me nā pua ʻulaʻula maʻalahi e hōʻiliʻili ʻia i loko o nā waihona kālā he nui. Ma ke kumu o nā petals he wahi melemele, a ua paʻi ʻia nā aniani a me nā pōpoki i uliuli a poni paha.
Terry freesia. ʻO nā pūʻulu varietal nui me nā pua pua lush. Pāʻule a ākea nā Petals. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia lākou i kekahi mau lālani, ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa pinepine ʻia ai nā "freesia rose". ʻO ka kala o nā petals he monophonic a i ʻole nā kala ʻelua. ʻO ka ʻulaʻula, uliuli, melemele, cream a ulaula paha ke kiʻi mua loa.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Freesia. ʻO nā palupalu freesia intraspecific a hiki i ka 1 m kiʻekiʻe a me nā kumu kiʻekiʻe i ulu maikaʻi. Hoʻomaka pinepine mai hoʻokahi corm i kahi ulu ʻekolu. Kūpono i nā kekona he 8-10 cm lōʻihi ke loaʻa o nā pua nui me ka diameter o 5-7 cm.
- Ballerina - ka lula nā palahalohi pōpō i loko o ka lālani 1, ma ke kumu e kuhi ʻia ana a ua pena ʻia i kahi ʻāpana-keʻokeʻo;
- Caramel - ʻokiʻoki i kahi kiʻekiʻe 75-80 cm kiʻekiʻe a 8 mau pua i ka nui o nā inflorescences spike, nui nā pua maʻalahi ma ka ʻulaʻula;
- Pimperina - kahi mea kanu hoʻopono a hiki i 20 cm kiʻekiʻe nā pua pua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā pua pua, kā lākou mau poni ʻulaʻula me kahi palena ʻinekeke i wahi kūmole i ke kumu;
- Royal Blue - nā palahalaha ākea o nā kala violet me nā ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a me kahi palena a me kahi wahi melemele ma ke kumu.
Hoʻopukala ʻo Freesia
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo Freesia e nā hua a me nā corms kaikamahine. Manaʻo ka huakaʻi huakaʻi i ka hana ʻoi aku ka hana a paʻa ʻole ke hoʻohana. Ke laʻana, i ka wā e hoʻoulu ai i nā ʻano hou a i ʻole ka pono no ka nui o nā mea kanu. E hoʻohana i nā hua hou. I ka pūnāwai, ma mua o ka lūlū ʻana, kanu ʻia nā hua no 10-15 mau minuke i ka hopena o ka manganese, a laila i kekahi lā i loko o ka wai kuke ʻia. Ma hope o kēlā, ua lulu ʻia i ka one a me ka lepo lepo i ka hohonu o 6-10 mm. Kuhi ʻia nā ipu i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni a mālama i kahi mālamalama i kahi mahana o + 18 ° C.
Hōʻike nā pana i hope o nā 2-3 hebedoma. Ma hope o ka hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻupena, wehe ʻia ke malu. Kuhi ʻia nā hua kanu i loko o kahi pahu me kahi mamao o 5 cm. Waiho ʻia nā hua liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano o + 20 ... + 22 ° C a me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Kūleʻa nā mea kanu i nā loli o ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa. Hoʻonui iki, hiki ke hoʻemi i ka mahana i + 12 ... + 14 ° C. Ma ka lā hope o Mei, ua mālama pono ʻia nā mea kanu i loko o ka papa ākea. E mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻē aʻe e like me ka hana maʻamau.
Hiki i kahi cormha nui i kahi wā hana ke hoʻonui i kahi mau keiki. Mālama ʻia nā mea kanu i loko o ka wā o ka hoʻoilo ma ke ala maʻamau a hiki i ke kauwela, a i ka pūnāwai ua kanu ʻia lākou i ka lepo. ʻO ka popo ka liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka kokoke loa i ka maka.
ʻO ka mahiʻai waho
Ma ka māla no ka freesia, ua koho ʻia kahi wahi lihaka. ʻAʻole makemake i nā mea kanu maikaʻi i ka lā wela, a ʻo nā honu i hōʻili ʻia i ka honua nui. Pono ia e mālama pono i nā pale e pale aku i nā papa hana kiʻi. Pono e hamo ka lepo a me ka momona, me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Inā ʻaʻohe lepo kūpono, a laila e hoʻohui i kahi kō o ka pit, me ke one, ka humus a me ka lepo lau i kāwili ʻia me kahi papa o 15 cm.
Kūkulu ʻia ʻo Freesia ma ke kahua ākea i ka pūnāwai i ka wā e hala aku ai nā puna wai. Wahi a ka ʻāpana, ʻo ia paha ka mua o ka makahiki o Mei a i ʻole kahi hopena hope loa. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, kākele ʻia ka lepo a pae ʻia. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Freesia i nā lālani no ka ua o ka ʻōpala i luna ma luna. ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā pulu ma ka lālani he 5-6 cm, a ma waena o nā lālani - 15 cm. A laila ua pālei ʻia ka lepo i nā ʻōpū a i ʻoli pono ʻole.
I ka hopena o Mei, ke kū mai nā mea kanu, lawe lākou i ka ʻai mua me ka ammonium nitrate. Ma hope aku, ʻelua mau manawa i ka malama, ua hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia ka freesia me nā pūuna mineral me ka phosphorus a me potassium.
E inu pinepine nā lāʻau. I ka wā ulu, e emi iki ka emi a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā wai e haʻalele piha ana i ka lepo, a inā ʻaʻole hiki ke pala. I nā lā wela, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ka honua e maloʻo nui loa. I ka wā o ka ulu ʻana, ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ka hoʻoulu ʻana a hoʻomaikaʻi hou iā lākou. ʻO ka pua e kū ai i ka 3-6 pule. Ke hoʻopau ʻana, hoʻoulu ʻia ka freesia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa pinepine ʻia, hoʻopau pinepine i ka irrigation.
ʻOiai ma ka puka ākea, pono i ka mea kanu ke ea i ka lewa, no laila e hoʻoulu pinepine ʻia ka moena. Pono e hana i kēia i ke ahiahi, no laila ʻaʻole i maʻa ka ʻōpio ma muli o ka pohō o ka hau. Pono hoʻi e wehe pinepine i ka lepo a wehe i nā lau. Hoʻopili ʻia nā kūmaha kila i ke manawa kūpono ʻole a me ka ʻaʻa ʻole. Kālila koke ʻia nā pua pua, inā ʻaʻole lākou e lawe i ka mana mai ka umauma.
Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia ʻo Freesia i nā maʻi lāʻau. ʻO ka lepo wela a maloʻo wale nō a i ke anu paha e hoʻomohala pinepine i ka Fusarium, he ʻōpala a i ʻole paha. Hoʻokomo nā lāʻau a me nā lau i nā aphids, nā spider mites a me nā kīpē. Mai lākou, ua mālama ʻia ka pua i kahi inikua a i ʻole ka hopena ʻili.
A hiki i ka waena waena o ka'ōpū, waihoʻia nā palahalaha freesia i ka lepo. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā mea kanu terrestrial e huli i ka melemele a maloʻo, ʻoki ʻia. ʻAʻole liʻuliʻu ʻia nā rhizome iā lākou iho. Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā ʻōpala o ka honua, nā aʻa a me nā unahi. Hoʻopili ʻia lākou i ka manganese a manu manu no ka hapalua hola, a laila maloʻo ma ka lumi lumi no kekahi mau lā.
Ma hope o nā kaʻina hana a pau, pono e nānā pono nā corms no ka hōʻino ʻia, ʻano ʻia e ka nui a waiho ʻia i nā pā liʻiliʻi. Pono lākou e mālama i loko o kahi lumi pouli me ka ea wela + 20 ... + 25 ° C a me ka haʻahaʻa a hiki i 80%. I kekahi mau manawa i ka hoʻoilo, nānā ka corms a hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea i hōʻino ʻia.
Inā ulu ka freesia i nā ʻāina hema, kahi i ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻohe hoʻohālikelike ʻole. Hiki ke waiho ʻia no ka hoʻoilo ma ka ʻāina ākea. Ua hū ʻia nā honua me nā lālā pihi a hāʻule i nā lau maloʻo.
ʻO ka mālama home
Ulu ulu ka ulu o Freesia i ka māla a me ka ipuhao, e like me ka hale lāʻau. I ka hopena hope loa, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo kūʻokoʻa i ka manawa pua. I mea e ʻike ʻia ai nā pua i ka Makahiki Hou, hoʻomaka lākou e kanu i nā ʻōpala i Sepatemaba. Ma hope o kahi hoʻomaha hoʻomaha, ka mahina ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i loko o ka ipuhao, lawe ʻia nā ʻōpala freesia i kahi wahi maikaʻi (+ 10 ... + 15 ° C) me ka kukui maikaʻi. Ma muli o ka paʻakikī, hoʻomaka lākou e ulu koke ma hope o ke kanu. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā huaʻai i ka lepo i ka hohonu o 3-6 cm, nui mau ʻāpana i loko o ka pā hao.
Nā hahana nā ipu i ka mahana o + 20 ... + 22 ° C a hoʻoinu pinepine ʻia. ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻouluʻana i ka wā lohi he lā pōkole ia, akā pono ka freesia i kahi liʻiliʻi he 12 mau hola o ka mālamalama kulu ʻia. Hoʻopaʻa i ka hōʻino, e hoʻohana i ka backlight. Nā lāʻau ma kahi o 10 cm i nakinaki ʻia, inā ʻaʻole lākou e uhaʻi ma lalo o ke kaumaha o nā pua nui.
No ka mālama i ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe, e kanu pinepine ʻia nā mea kanu a waiho ʻia kokoke iā lākou me kahi pā wai. He mea nui e hoʻokaʻawale i nā freesia mai nā mea wela.
I ka wā e ulu a me ka pua, lawe ʻia ka lole i luna i loko o ka honua i ʻelua mau manawa i ka mahina. E hoʻohana i nā hoʻohui mineral. ʻO ka mea mua, nā kolamu me ka nui o ka pāhare pākahi e hoʻohana ʻia, a ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka fosfor.
Ke malo nā ʻopihi a pau nā lau, ʻoki ʻia ka ʻāpana o ka ʻāina. Hoʻomau ʻia ka wai pālulu no ka mahina 1-1.5 mau mahina. I loko o kēia manawa, ka hoʻokumuʻana o nā keiki. I ka hopena o ke kaʻina hana, ua kāʻā ʻia nā ʻala āpau a holoi ʻia no ka waiho ʻana.
Ke hoʻohana nei i nā freesia
No nā pua nani a me nā pua ʻalaʻala o freesia, pono ia e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi wahi ma ka pūnaewele a i ʻole ma ka pukamona. Hoʻohana ʻia ka mea kanu i loko o kahi māla pua i hui ʻia ma hope o nā pua pua, peonies, hydrangeas, clematis a me lisianthus.
Hoʻohui pinepine nā lālā a me nā inflorescences līpika no ka ʻokiʻoki. Hana ʻia nā bouquets mālamalama iā lākou. Hoʻohui ʻia nā pua i ka lole keʻokeʻo a i ʻole pastel i ka lei pale o ka wahine. ʻO ka wehe wale ʻia o nā waihona kālā e wehe ʻia. I kahi pākuʻi, ʻaʻole pua ka pua.
Ma kahi o nā nani nani, hoʻonani ka momona i ka hana like. ʻO ka ʻala o freesia me nā ʻlio moana subtle e hoʻonani i nā mea a pau. Hoʻohana ʻia ka aila pono o ka pua i ka aromatherapy e pale aku ai i ke kaumaha, ke aʻaluhi a me ke kaumaha.
