ʻO Medlar (Lokva) Shesek a ʻo Eriobotria kahi kumulāʻau hua subtropical evergreen no ka ʻohana Rosaceae, nā ʻĀpana subfamili. Ua hoʻolako ʻia i ka Russian Federation i ka kenekulia 19, ma ke kūlohelohe e ulu ana ma nā kuahiwi mauna. Wahi koho - ʻĀkia Hema, Himalona, ʻAmelika, Caucasus, Crimea, Kina, Iapana, ʻEulopa. ʻO kāna huaʻai ʻala, ka huʻihuʻi me ka ʻono o ka ʻōhā, apricot a strawberry paha. ʻAi i nā hua o ka medlar maka a me nā kuke puna, jellies. ʻAʻole mālama ʻia lākou no ka lōʻihi, ʻaʻole kūpono no ka hoʻoili.
ʻO ka wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona o medlar
Hoʻonui ka Medlar i ka 8 m ma ke ʻano, nā māla - 3 m, loko o loko - 1,5 m ʻO ia kahi pua a keʻokeʻo a ʻono paha, ʻono nā mea infloresences a ʻoliʻoli lōʻihi a me ko lākou helehelena. Ua uhi ʻia ka ʻōpala me ka lei aliʻi, ʻili maikaʻi nā ʻōpala, nā ʻano like ʻole o lākou. Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻōnaehana kumu, kokoke i ka lepo. Nā puka a he 12 cm lōʻihi a 6 cm ākea paha, kuhikuhi, oblong, mānoanoa me nā petioles pōkole a me nā ʻeleʻele uliuli. Mai lalo mai lākou he pubescent, mai luna aʻe o ka ʻulaʻula, nā kukui uliuli.
Hōʻike ʻia kona waiwai ma nā hua momona (i loko o 3-5 mau hua), i ʻohi ʻia i nā ʻōpū o ka nui o kahi plum. ʻO ka momona a ʻāʻō hoʻi paha, e like me ke ʻano o ka ʻala, kū i ka pūnāwai. Noho a lāʻau paha 40 mau makahiki a keu paha. E ulu ulu ana ʻo Medlar ma ka home i loko o nā ka pua pua nui, nā kahu kō, a me nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Nā ʻano o Medlar
ʻEkolu wale nō ʻano helu ʻia. I loko o ka mālaʻai, ʻelua e hoʻohana ʻia - Iapani a me Kelemania (Caucasian).
Kepani
ʻO Evergreen, me nā lau belukula, pua i ka mahina oʻOkakopa-Nowemapa, ma nā wana o kēia makahiki, e puka mai ana ka hua ma ka lā Mei-Iune. ʻAʻai koke i nā hua. I loko o ka hua, momona me ka ʻiʻo keke, loaʻa hoʻokahi iwi, ʻōwulu nā ʻaukala, ʻomaʻomaʻo. ʻAʻole ia e ʻae i ka hau.
Kaukia
Wehewehe nā lālā, hana i ka lei ākea, kahi ʻōpala me ke anawaena o 15 cm, nā lau waʻakaʻu māhina ma luna, ua pua i Mei-June, nā hua ʻōmole huaʻai me ka pulima pōkā e kū mai ai i ka wā o ka ʻohi.
ʻO ka hūnā o kēia ʻano ʻōiwi ia e pua ana i nā wana i ka makahiki i hala.
ʻO nā palaka likerates. Eʻai i nā hua ma hope o ka manuahi.
Nā mea male like ʻole:
- Apirena - me nā hua liʻiliʻi.
- ʻO Huge Evreinova - hua o 8 cm i ke anawaena.
Haunu (hina)
Hoʻoulu nā decubuous me nā pua hau-keʻokeʻo a me nā hua e like me nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi.
Nā ʻano ʻano medlar no ka mālama ʻana i loko
No nā ulu medlar i loko o ka lumi, ua hoʻohana nā ʻano o Iapana:
- Kālepa - melemele, kukui, hoʻolaʻa nā hua.
- ʻO Tanaka - momona a ʻōkō, nā pāpaʻi, nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻulaʻula hoʻi i loko.
- Champagne - pubescent me ka ʻiʻo keke, ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele.
- Premier - ʻoni-melemele.
- Silaʻe - me kahi ʻāpana aprikot.
- Victor - nā hua melemele kukui.
- Komunar - hoʻopuni ʻia, me ka ʻili matte.
Ke ulu nei i ka medlar ma ka home
ʻO ka hale, hiki ke kiʻi i kahi lāʻau hua, inā ʻoe e ʻimi i nā lula.
Makemake ʻo Medlar i ka mālamalama, kau i kahi home house ma nā ʻūlani puka e kū ana i ka hema a i ʻole hoʻi i ka hikina, i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā mea mālama. I ka wā o ka uluʻana, e hoʻomālamalama maoli a hiki i 12 mau hola. Honu + 18 ... +20 ° С, i ke hoʻoilo +5 ° С.
He palupalu ka ʻano o ka lepo, kūlohelohe mai ka peat, humus a me ka lau lau.
E hoʻoheheʻe i ka mea kanu i ka lihi o ka pahu ukana a i loko o ka pā ranei, ma hope o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana, e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka papa luna. ʻAʻole hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka lepo, pono maʻalahi e palupalu i ka pale ʻana i ka pala. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoemi ʻia ka hoʻoulu. E lawe i ka wai i noho ʻia, ʻo ke ʻano o ka pae ʻelua o ka mahana o ka lumi. Hoʻopili ʻia nā lau maloʻo a maloʻo i loko o ka pūnāwai, ʻokiʻoki lākou i ka hapalua o nā makahiki 2-3 mua, a hana i lei lei.
I ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka hopena o ka ohi, ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ka mea kanu me nā minela a me nā hui organik. Ke kanu ʻana i nā huaʻai, 2 mau wai o ka wai, 200 g o ka manure a me 20 g o ka lehu i hānai ʻia. I ka wā uluʻana, pono ia i nā lole kākahu ʻo phosphorus, a pono ʻia ka potash no ka ulu ulu.
Hoʻomu nā lāʻau ʻōpio i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia mahina, ʻo ka pākeke i hoʻokahi manawa. I ka hoʻomaha hoʻomaha lākou ʻaʻole.
Kuhi ʻia nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ma mua o 5 mau makahiki - ma hope o 4 mau makahiki. Hoʻopau i ka topsoil i nā aʻa a hiamoe i ka hou.
Pua nā Medlar i ʻOkakopa-Nowemapa. Mai nā hua kanu, hoʻomaka ka pua no 4-5 mau makahiki, ʻokiʻoki - 3. Ke keʻokeʻo a ʻulu paha nā pua i ʻohi ʻia ma kahi pala. Hoʻopili wale nā hua i ke kauwela, aʻo ʻia e haʻalele i nā ʻāpana 10-15 i ka makahiki mua.
Huaʻōlelo Medlar
Hoʻopuka ke Medlar i nā ʻano:
- Ma nā hua kanu - kanu ʻia nā hua no kahi lā ma + 18 ... +20 ° С. Hoʻokuʻu aku nā pop-up. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻonoho ʻia lākou i loko o ka friji no kekahi mau mahina (stratification), a laila ma Kornevin no 8 mau hola. Kulu ʻia i ka hohonu o 2-3 cm, i loko o nā kīʻaha me kahi wai o 2 cm a me ka lepo no nā pua. Uhi me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ka lewa. Hōʻike mau nā pana pua ma hope o 1,5 mau mahina. I ka wā e puka ai nā lau 2-3, huehue lākou. Hiki ke lulu i nā hua ma kahi ākea.
- Nā pāpale - kūlou i nā lālā olakino i ka lepo (ma hope o ka hana ʻana i ka incision ma luna o ka pūpū i loko o ka cortex), hoʻoponopono. No ka ʻoi aku ka ikaika e hoʻohui iā Kornevin. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o ke aʻa, transplanted.
- ʻOkiʻoki - ʻoki ʻia nā lālā ma ka 15-20 cm i ka wā o ka pua. Hana ʻia nā wahi o nā ʻokiʻoki me ka ulala. Ua ʻoki ʻia nā lau a ¾. Kūkulu ʻia i loko o kahi kīʻaha hoʻokaʻawale, hana i ka hopena o ka wai lāʻau, hoʻōla ʻia, ma hope o ka mahina ke kiʻi a latou i ka aʻa.
- ʻO ka hānō - hoʻohana kēia hana e nā māla ua ʻike ʻia. E like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hua momi, quince, hawthorn.
Nā maʻi a me nā maʻi o ka medlar, paʻakikī i ka haʻalele
Kahi ʻike ʻia ʻole o Medlar i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki me ka mālama pono. He pilikia nā māla lauʻaole ʻole:
- Ke maloʻo nā lau ma ka ʻaoʻao, a laila hoʻopau - hoʻokaʻawale i ka hau maloʻo.
- ʻO nā maʻi ʻeleʻele nā maʻi ʻoi. Hoʻemi i ka wai a me ka pīpī.
- Inā pau ka lau i ko lākou elasticity - hoʻoinu pinepine ʻia.
- Ke ʻoki ʻana i nā aʻa - hoʻēmi i ka waiū, mālama ʻia me ka fungicide (Fitolavin).
- ʻAʻole pua, ʻaʻole hua, nāu - ʻo ka haki i ka manawa o ka hoʻoilo. Kuʻi ʻaʻano a hoʻomaʻemaʻe luna.
- Hoʻokomo maikaʻi nā Blossoms - hoʻonui i ka kukui, ʻoki ʻia.
- Aphid, spider mite - kāpīpī me ka hopena o ka punana lole holoi a i ʻole tincture o ka calendula me ka wai.
- Lulu pale - hana ʻia me Actofit.
- Piʻeke ʻia nā kōpili me ka uahi o ka uahi.
No ka paleʻana i ka wā ma mua o ke kau, ua hōʻoki ʻia nā ʻōpala, nā lepo me ka wai o 3% Bordeaux.
Manaʻo ʻo Mr. Dachnik: medlar - nā waiwai kūpono a me nā contraindications
Loaʻa ka Medlar i ke kō, ka momona, ka tannins, nā huaora B, A, E, nā huina o ke kālā, ka hao, ka sima, ka ʻapuna, ka zinc, selenium, pālolo, nā kalepona, nā kaluna. Hoʻolāleʻa, ʻai, nā mea kanu mea waiwai. Loaʻa ia i nā waikawa organik: malic, tartaric, citric. ʻO ka waihona calorie o kahi pūpū he 42 kcal.
He nui nā mea kanu o ka mea kanu:
- Hoʻonui ka hoʻokaʻawale, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kino.
- Hoʻoikaika i ka pale a me ke pale i nā maʻi.
- Ka waiwai ma loko o ka folic acid, iodine.
- Hoʻopau nā lau i ka tonsillitis.
- Hoʻololi i ka renic colic, ʻeha me nā pōhaku ma ka wili.
- ʻO nā hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hoʻoneʻe i nā paʻakai o nā metala kaumaha.
- He mau expectorant waiwai.
- Hoemi ke koko.
- Hoʻohana maikaʻi no nā poʻe maʻi me ka mellitus maʻi diabetes (kōkua i ka hana insulin).
Hoʻopau i nā lau medlar i nā kuko no nā sweets, hoʻemi i ka momona. Hoʻokomo ka Vitamin A i ka ʻike maikaʻi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā ʻano lole mai ka mea kanu no ka ʻili.
Contraindicated nā huaʻai no nā mea maʻi alerē, nā poʻe e loaʻa ana i ka gastritis, ulcer gastric, cholecystitis. ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā lau aia i ka cyanide glycosides, no laila hiki mai ka mea kanu ke lawe mai i nā pōmaikaʻi wale nō, akā e hoʻopōʻino pū.
