ʻO nā lāʻau'ūlika no nā bipi

Ma waena o ka nui loa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau, loaʻa i nā lāʻau'alopelo kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe. ʻIke i kaʻike o kaʻike hou iʻoi aku ma mua oʻelua tausani pūʻulu o kēia hui, kahi e like me keʻano maoli a me ka hoʻohui mele, kahi e pili ana i ka hoʻomanawanui o nā mea ola i kēlā mea. Akā, aia i waena o lākou he'ōiki kūikawā o nā lāʻau'alopelo kiʻekiʻe a maikaʻiʻole iʻole i nalowale kā lākou hana no hoʻokahi mau makahiki.

Kahiki

He lāʻau lāʻau antibacterialʻano ikaika, me ka nui o nā hopena, ma muli o ka meaʻai. Eʻae iā lākou ma ka hoʻoukaʻana mai ka maʻi o ka maʻi bacteria Streptomyces aureofaciens. Hoʻohana pinepineʻiaʻo Tetracycline e mālama i nā maʻi maʻi a pau e kū'ē i nā penicillins a me nā mea hana'ē aʻe. Hoʻokuʻuʻiaʻo Tetracycline i ka pepa papa,ʻo ka nui o ka mea hoʻohana nui ma kekahi o ka papawaina he 0.1 g. Hoʻohanaʻia kekahi lāʻau kino e mālama i ka salmonellosis, colibacillosis, pasteurellosis, ka niʻonia, a me nā maʻi'ē aʻe e pili ana i nā tetracyclines. Hoʻomaʻoʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka waha, ma kahi 20 mg / mīkini, i kēlā me kēia 12 hola. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa he 5-7 mau lā.

E heluhelu hou e pili ana i nā maʻi a me ka mālamaʻana i ka colibacillosis a me ka bronchopneumonia o nā bipi.

Penicillin

ʻO ka lāʻauʻona antimicrobial o nā hopena o nā hopena. Hoʻohanaʻia kekahi mea e paio ai i ka hopena o ka maʻi bacteria i hanaʻia e ka bacteria o ka pūnaewele Bacillus, Neisseria, Pasteurella, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. Ua loaʻa ka hoʻomākaukauʻana ma ka weheʻana i nā pūpū likeʻole mai ka loina o ka moemoeʻana i nā hamo o ka genus Penicillium. Hoʻokumuʻia ka penicillin i keʻano o kaʻeleʻele crystalline keʻokeʻo o ka pāhare potassium a me ka paʻakai sodium benzylpenicillin (1000000 IU). Hoʻomaopopoʻia ka mea hoʻohana no nā injections intramuscular a iʻole i loko o ke kino - e hana i kēia, ua pau ka lepo i loko o ka wai i hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻoleʻia aiʻole 0.5% novocaine solution. Hoʻomaʻawaʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i 4-6 mau lā i ka lā, kahi hoʻokahi o benzylpenicillin no nā poʻe mākua mai 3000 a 5000 U / kg o ke kaumaha o ke kino, no nā keiki'ōpiopio - e pili ana i 5000 U / kg o ke kaumaha o ke kino. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa he 5-6 mau lā, akā, me ka nui o nā maʻi paʻi, ua lōʻihi i ka 7-10 lā.

Keʻike neiʻoe? Uaʻikeʻiaʻo Penicillin i ka makahiki 1928, i ka manawa o kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua o ka honua pio kaulana Beritaniaʻo Alexander Fleming.

ʻO ka Streptomycin

ʻO ka lāʻau paʻakikī Bacteriostatic. Ua hoʻokaʻawaleʻia kona mau mea mai ka'ōlohelohe o ka bacteria Streptomyces globisporus.

Hoʻohanaʻia no nā meaʻano momona o nā holoholona e hoʻonāuki i ka mastitis, ka niuʻona, ka maningitis, leptospirosis, tularemia, ka maʻi diplococcal, endometritis, endocarditis, sepsis, campylobacteriosis, actinomycosis a me nā maʻi'ē aʻee nānā i ka streptomycin sulfate. Hoʻokumuʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma keʻano o ka pauka'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo e hoʻohanaʻia no ka hohonu intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intraperitoneal, kino pūnaewele, injections intrauterine, a me waho.

Hoʻomaʻaʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau iʻelua manawa ma ke ao, kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. No ka hanaʻana i kēia, hoʻoheheʻeʻia ka streptomycin i loko o ka wai i hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻoleʻia aiʻole 0.5% solution o ka novocaine. Hoʻokahi wale nō mea no nā poʻe mākua he 5 mau mg o streptomycin sulfate / kg kino kaumaha, no nā keiki'ōpio - e pili ana i ka 10 kaumaha / kg kino kaumaha. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kauwelaʻana mai 4 a 7 lā.

E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka mālamaʻana i nā mastitis (purulent), leptospirosis, endometritis, bovine actinomycosis.

Ceftiocline

Cephalosporin'ōkiko me ka nui o nā hopena. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau kahi hoʻohālike likeʻole o ka wai kūmole a iʻole ka'ōmole kala. Hanaʻia kēia leftioclin e mālama i nā maʻi o endometritis a me nā pipi i nā bipi, a me nā maʻi'ēheu'ē aʻe.i hanaʻia e ka hopena o ke kino ma o ka bacteria o ka genera Pasteurella, Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Escherichia, Fusobacterium, Bacteroides. E hoʻokomo i ka mea hana i ke kiʻi a iʻole ka intramuscularly no ka manawaʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa. Hoʻokahi ka helu no ka holoholona he 1 ml o ka lāʻau / 50 kg o ke kaumaha o ka holoholona. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻomeheu no nā maʻi o ka'ōhū hauʻopa e waiho i 3 a 5 mau lā, akā inā he pono, e hoʻolōʻihiʻia ke kaohi a hiki i ka naloʻana o nā kaha o ka maʻi.

E heluhelu pū hoʻi i nā maʻi o nā bipi: hypodermatosis, chlamydia, brucellosis, teliasiosis, babesiosis, dictyocaulosis, acidosis, leptospirosis, rabies, EMCAR, clostridiosis, maʻi liʻiliʻi, bursitis, allergies.

ʻO'Amekese

ʻO nā meaʻeleʻele maʻamau maʻamau, i pili i ka pūʻulu penicillin. Hiki ke loaʻa iā ia ma ka hoʻoneʻeʻana o nā mea likeʻole mai ka moʻomeheu a me ka hoʻomau houʻana i loko o ka labora. ʻO ka Amoxis kahi hoʻomaha o ka wai ma kahiʻili āmaʻaka (i kekahi manawa me kahi'āpala keʻokeʻo). Hoʻohanaʻia ke kumuhana e hoʻouka ai i nā liona'epanau i loko o nā'ōpili o ka'ōpū hanu, ka'ōpala o ka'ōpū, me ke kamepiula, nā mimike, nā hui, a me nā mea'eleʻa. E wehewehe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma o ka hana intramuscular a iʻole ke kinikini, me ka heluʻana o kaʻeleʻele 0.1 ml / kg. E noi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻokahi, akā inā pono a no ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i nā hopena ma hope o 48 hola, e hana hou i ka ini.

Keʻike neiʻoe? Ua weheʻia i ka makahiki 1961 e ka British Holding Pharmaceutical Holdcham. ʻO kēia ka honua ampicillin kaulana kaulana, kahi i hoʻohanaʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hiki i kēia lā.

Aloha

ʻO nā lāʻauʻokoʻa he nui o ka spectrum, e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau o ka penicillin. Hāʻawiʻia ia ma o ka hoʻololiʻana i nā lāʻau'alopero maoli e hūnāʻia e nā makalulu mele o ka genus Penicillium. He kūponoʻo Gentam no ka injection.

Hoʻopilikia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka nui o ka huapalaa gram-maikaʻi a me ka huapalapa kalaʻole, no laila ua hoʻohana nuiʻia ia e paʻi i nā maʻi likeʻole o ka'ōpū hanu, ka'ōpū o kaʻeha, ka lāʻau urinary, nā hui, me nā lepa o kaʻili a me nā mea kino, a me nā necrobacteriosis a me nā mastitis.

E komo i ka mea hana hana 1 manawa i kēlā me kēia lā ma lalo o kaʻaoʻao a iʻole ka intramuscularly, me ka heluʻana o ka 0.1 ml / 10 kg o ka kaumaha o nā holoholona. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻonāʻau he 2 a 5 mau lā, akā, inā pono, ua lōʻihi.

E nānā i ka hoʻolālāʻana i nā pipi.

'Oloka

ʻO ka'āpana antimicrobial a me ka'āpana antimycoplasma o keʻano o kaʻikeʻana, no ka hui o fluoroquinolones. Hoʻopilikia'olosi i ka hoʻomōhalaʻana o nāʻano meaola kinoʻole, e like me nā bacteria o ka gencher Escherichia, Enterobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Klebsiella, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Campylobacter, Haemophilus a me Staphylococcus. 'Okolo ka wai o ka'ōmaʻomaʻoʻeleʻele a me ka pale umauma'ōmaʻomaʻo (me ka mālamaʻana i ka wā lōʻihi e waihoʻia ana kahi pilikia iki o ka wai, e nalowale ma hope o ka hoʻonāukiuki). E hoʻohana i ka mea hana e kū'ē ai i nāʻano maʻi likeʻole o ka'ōpū o ka maʻi, ka maʻi hanu, ka'ōnaehana urinary, me ka'āhinu, colibacteriosis, streptococcosis, salmonellosis, peritonitis, septicemia, diabetics enteritis a me nā maʻi'ē aʻe. E noi i ka lāʻauʻawaʻawa, hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā lā me kēia helu, me ka heluʻana o ka 0.5 milika 10 kaumaha o ka holoholona. No ka salmonellosis,'āwili a me ka maʻi maʻamau, ua hoʻolūʻia ka 1 ml o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka lila hoʻokahi o ka wai a hoʻohanaʻia no ka hānai holoholona i nā lā a pau. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kauʻana me ke koa mai ka 3 a 5 mau lā.

E heluhelu pū nō hoʻi i nā hōʻailona (kahe, diarrhea) a me nā maʻi o nā keiki bipi: nā maʻiʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo, nā'āpala, nā dyspepsia, kaʻalaniʻala.

'Eikikura

He lāʻauʻinoʻeleʻele i pili i ka hanauna 4 o ka cephalosporins. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau he manaʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka bacteriostatic i nā huapalapala kino o ka pipi. Ma muli o nā lāʻau'alopero maoli i hūnāʻia mai ka maʻi o ka lāʻau Cephalosporium acremonium. ʻO kahi Efikur he mākaukau keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo likeʻole a me ka hopena me kahi'āpana'ōmaʻomaʻu liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohanaʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mālamaʻana i nā maʻi hanuʻokoʻa, a me ka hakakāʻana i ka metritis paʻakikī ma nā maʻi maʻi bacteria. E lawelaweʻiaʻo Efikur 1 manawa i kēlā lā i kēia lā, ma ka hanaʻana o ka intramuscular, me ke heluʻana o ka kaumaha o ke kino 1 ml / 50 kg. ʻO ka lōʻihi o keʻano o keʻano o ka hoʻolālā he 3 a 5 mau lā.

He mea nui! Ua kapu loaʻia ka lawelaweʻana i nā meaʻelima i nā holoholona i loaʻa i nā maʻi'alepona o ka hui beta-lactam. Ināʻole, hiki i ka holoholona ke hoʻolālā i ka hoʻonā anaphylactic.

Ceptiosan

He mea nuiʻoihana bacteriostaticʻoihana, e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau o ka groupe cepphalosporin. He mea maoli kēiaʻano Ceptiosan,ʻo ka mea nui o ka huahana o ka huahana ua hoʻokaʻawaleʻia mai ka maʻi o ka bacteria'Okahalosporium acremonium. I ka nānāʻana,ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau keʻano o ka hoʻokuʻuʻana, me kahi pale anuanu'ōmaʻomaʻo. He mana ikaika ko Ceptiosan ma ka'āpana o nā maʻi maʻi microbial pathogenic e lilo ai i mea likeʻole. nā maʻi o ka maʻi maʻamau, a me ka necrobacteriosis a me ka endometriosisme nā lālā o ka hui Streptococcus, Actynomyces, Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Escherichia, Pasteurella, Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Bacillus, Bacteroides, Proteo, a me Fusobacterium. Hoʻohanaʻiaʻo Ceptiosan i loko o ka wai inu no ka lawelawe intramuscular. E komo i ka mea hana iʻoi aku ma mua o 1 manawa no ka lā, me ke heluʻana o ka 1 ml / 50 kg kaumaha o ka holoholona. Me nā maʻi o ka'ōpū,ʻo ka lōʻihi o keʻano o ke kaola mai 3 a 5 mau lā, me ka necrobacteriosis -ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mau lā, me ka endometriosis - e pili ana i 5 mau lā.

Hiki ke hoʻoikaikaʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe holoholona eʻike e pili ana i nā maʻi o nā bipi: nā maʻi o ka lolo, nā māiʻuʻu a me nā wāwae, nā hui.

ʻO ka hopena

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau pīkīpī Semisynthetic mai ka hui o penicillins, a he nui nā hopena. Hoʻomākaukauʻia me ke kōkuaʻana o ka hoʻololiʻiaʻana o nā hōʻailona o nā mea kino bactericidal i hūnāʻia e nā haʻina o ka genus Penicillium i ka wā o kā lākouʻoihana ikaika. He waiʻaila kūpilikiʻi kēia me ka'ōpū kiko'ī. Hoʻomaopopo ponoʻia ka mea hana e mālama i nāʻano invasions i hanaʻia e kahi hui nui o nāʻano bacteria gram-negative a gram-positive, e pili ana i nā maʻi o ka'ōpū o ka maʻihe, nā hui, ka urogenital system, nā'ōpū hanu, nā meaʻoluʻolu, a pēlā aku.. Hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lāʻau i hoʻokahi manawa, no nā injeke subcutaneous a iʻole ka intramuscular, me ka heluʻana o 1 ml / 10 kg o ka kaumaha holoholona. Inā pono, e hoʻoponopono houʻia ka luna, akā,ʻaʻole ma mua o 48 mau hola.

He mea nui! Hoʻohuiʻia ka huiʻana o 2 aʻoi aku paha o nā lāʻau'alopelo i loko o nā kūlana kūikawā a aia wale nō ma lalo o ka nānāʻana o ka mea lapaʻau.

Āhea wau e inu ai i ka waiū mahope o nā lāʻau'alopelo?

Loaʻa i nā lāʻau'aloʻolo a pau iʻikeʻia e ka lōʻihi lōʻihi i loko o ke kino, e like me nā hua o nā hua palaho. ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻopiha ponoʻia ai kēia mau pūnaewele i nāʻano o nā'ōpili, nā kino a me nā wai o ka physiological, me ka waiū. He hana maʻamau kēia, no ka mea,ʻo kēia ka mea e hoʻonāukiuki i ka nui o ka pākiko a me nā meaʻokoʻa e pili ana i nā meaola lāʻau.

ʻO ka manawa o ka hoʻoneleʻana o ia pūhui e pili pinepine ma kaʻano o ka mea. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā pūpū penicillin e waiho i ke kino ma hope o ka pihaʻana o 3-5 mau lā,ʻoiaiʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau hōʻailona paʻakikī e pili ana i 14 mau lā. Akā, inā heʻano kino ka holoholona i nāwaliwali i ka maʻi, ua mālamaʻia ka emiʻana o ka hana o ka hāmeʻa ma muli o kēia kūlana, aʻo ia ka hopena i ka weheʻana i nā hua'ōlelo o nā lāʻau'alope. ʻO ia ke kumu, e like me nā koiʻana o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ma hope o ka lāʻau olakino ʻAʻole pono nā hua holoholona i kaʻai no nā lā he 20-25 e hiki mai ana, mai ka hoʻoiho hopeʻana. ʻO nā lāʻau'apaʻau heʻano koʻikoʻi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, me ka meaʻole e hikiʻole ke hoʻokeleʻana i nā hōʻailona pipi hou. ʻO kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau he mana'āpikopikī ikaika i nā maʻi likeʻole a kōkua i ka ho'ōkiʻana i ke ahulau ma ka pae mua. Akā, pono e lawelaweʻia iaʻano kūpono i nā holoholona ma lalo o ka mālamaʻana o nā mea hōʻalo iʻikeʻia, iʻole e hanaʻia ka hōʻailona maʻamau i ke kaumaha o ke olakino o nā holoholona.