ʻO Melissa kahi mea kanu perennial me kahi mea leʻaleʻa a me nā lau maloʻo. No laila ʻo Lamiaceae ka ʻohana, a he ʻano nui i Eurasia a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Hiki ke ulu i kēia mea kanu i loko o ka māla a i ʻole i loko o kahi pā liʻiliʻi i loko o ka windowsill e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia iā ʻoe iho me ka ʻala ʻala a i ʻole hoʻi nā mea ʻono no nā ʻano kīʻaha. E hele maikaʻi ka lako ʻōpala lemon me ka ʻiʻo, nā iʻa a me nā lau. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka lemon balm e hoʻohana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau a ua manaʻo ʻia he lāʻau meli maikaʻi. I waena o ka poʻe, ua hoʻopili ʻia kekahi mau inoa ʻē aʻe: he koa, meli, inu wai, lemon mint. ʻOiai ʻaʻole pololei loa kēia hopena, aia kēia mau lāʻau ʻelua i ka genera like ʻole o ka ʻohana like.
Hōʻike Botanical
Melissa he loulou mea kanu me ka nui o ka rhizome branched a me ka lāʻau. Kahi pua me ka ʻāpana ʻāpana ʻāpana ma ke kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke ulu mai 60 cm a 1.2 m. ʻO ia, e like me nā lau, he ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka pubescence ākea. ʻO kahi kūleʻa kūlea a i ʻole nā lau ovoid e piʻi i luna. Hoʻohui ʻia lākou me ka mesh o nā veins. ʻO ka lihi o nā lau he serrated a i loaʻa ʻole ʻia, a ke hoʻopili ʻia ka hopena.
I Iulai-ʻAukake, mai ka lua o ka makahiki o ke ola, e hoʻomaka ka liʻiliʻi o nā inflorescences umbellate i nā kihi o nā ʻōpū, aia aia ma nā koʻi o nā lau. ʻO lākou kekahi mau kāleka liʻiliʻi me nā petals keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO ka pua ka asymmetrical, me nā pōlima haʻahaʻa ʻoi aku. Ma ke kikowaena ʻike 4 mau stamens a ʻo nā pōpō lōʻihi wale nō me kahi ovary o luna.
Hoʻomaka ka hua ʻehā i hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana. Aia lākou ma ke ʻano o kahi pāpaʻa me nā huaʻehā ʻehā. Loaʻa i ka hua pālolo. E kū aʻe nei ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana a hiki i ka 3 mau makahiki. 1 g nā hua he a me 1600 mau mea kanu.
He ʻano ʻoniʻoni meleka a Melissa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka uluʻana i ka wā o ka wā pua a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pua, a laila e emi ka ikaika. Ma hope o ua pau nā pua, hiki i ke ʻala ke kala.
Nā ʻano punahele
ʻO kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi nui o ka lemon balm he 5 wale nō ia o nā mea kanu. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka moʻomeheu Melissa officinalis. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻoulu kēia paila ulu 30-120 cm i ke kiʻekiʻe. He puʻu keleawe ia me ka paila līanilihi paʻa. I Iune -ʻAukake, puka mai nā puka leo mai nā lekihe 6-12. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia pua ka pua aʻala-keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO nā lau o nā mea kanu. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou e kahi kala ʻala mālamalama.
I waena o ka māla laumaʻomaʻo, nā maʻamau melissa palema:
- Quadrille - hapai ʻia nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka ʻāpana nui e pani ʻia ana i waho o ka salaki, ua hoʻonaninani ʻia ka piko me nā kukui lilac inflorescences.
- Huaʻā - kahi kanu a hiki i 60 cm ke kiʻekiʻe he mau lau melemeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a me nā pua nani-keʻokeʻo me nā ʻoni lemon;
- Ko ka huoa - nā wana poʻokela o 80-110 cm i ke kiʻekiʻe ua uhi ʻia me nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo pōkole loa i huehue me ka papaʻu;
- Ke gula maʻemaʻe - nā pua nani i ulana ʻia me nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōpiopio e pua me nā pua keʻokeʻo, a laila e lilo i kukui ʻulaʻula.
ʻŌpiopio
Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Melissa mai nā hua kanu, a hoʻolaha ʻia hoʻi e nā ʻano mea kanu. I kekahi manawa hoʻomaʻamaʻa koke lākou i ka kanu ʻana i ka papa ākea, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka kanu mua. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, i ka puna mua, e hoʻomākaukau i nā pahu me ka lepo māla pale. Ke hoʻāʻo lākou e kahele i nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi e like me ke ahiahi a me ka nui ma ka pae (a hiki i 5 mm hohonu). ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ke uhi i ka pahu me nā kiʻi e hana i ka hopena ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Pono e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka condensate i kēlā me kēia lā a pono e hoʻolāʻau ʻia ka lepo.
Hōʻike maikaʻiʻia nā pana i loko o 20 mau lā. Ke ulu nei lākou, kua momi ʻia lākou a ʻo ka mamao ka mamao o 5 cm. Pono nā mea kanu e pono ai kahi kukui ʻana, no laila ua kau ʻia lākou ma nā ʻaoʻao ma ke kūkulu hema a i hoʻohana i ka backlighting. Ma ka lā wela, lawe ʻia ka ipu i waho. 2-3 mau hebedoma ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o nā hua kanu, ua hānai i ka wai lemon i kahi hopena palupalu o nā maniua nitrogen. I ka hiki ʻana o ke kiʻekiʻe o 10-15 cm, e pani i nā ʻanu.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi lāʻau nui 3-4 i nā makahiki he nui. Hana lākou i kēia ma ka hopena o ka pūnāwai a i ka hopena o ʻAukake, ma ka hopena o ka pua. Pono e ʻeliʻuku ʻia ka mea kanu, hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ka coma eʻoki a ʻoki ʻia me ke anana ʻoi i loko o nā māhele like. Pono kēlā me kēia ma kahi o ka 4-5 mau pihi ikaika a me kahi hapa o ka rhizome. E lawe koke ʻia nā hua hopena i wahi mau. Hoʻopono maikaʻi lākou a hoʻomaka e pua e hiki i kēia makahiki.
ʻO nā pua kuʻuna o ka lemona lemon i loko o ke kō a me ke kauwela hiki ke ʻoki i kaʻoki. Pono lākou me 3-4 mau puʻupuʻu a me nā lau olakino. ʻO ka mua, hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea kanu i ka wai. A ma hope o 2 mau hebedoma me ke ʻano o nā hua liʻiliʻi, ua māhele ʻia lākou i ka ʻāina momona. ʻO ka hana holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa e lawe ʻia i nā hebedoma 3-4.
Kūʻai a mālama mālama
Hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Melissa me ka huaʻōlelo, ʻo ia ka mea kanu ulu ʻole, e pono ai he mālama liʻiliʻi. Ma kahi wahi, hiki i kahi ulu lāʻau ke ulu no kahi mau makahiki heʻumi, akā e aniani ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hiʻohiʻona e hōʻemi a pale mai nā kulu a me nā maʻi. No laila, lawe ʻia ka hoʻololi a me ka hana hou ʻana i ka makahiki ʻeono o ke ola. Pono e hoʻokau ʻia nā hana kanu i ka hopena o ka pūnāwai, ke pau ka lā anuanu, no ka mea, he mea koʻikoʻi nā lāʻau kanu iā lākou.
No ka mauʻu lemon, koho i nā kukui maikaʻi, akā pale ʻia mai nā wahi anuanu. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu i nā pā momona me ke kūlohelohe a i ʻole ka hoʻonaninani paha i kūpono. Kūleʻa ʻo Melissa i ka loam a me nā kāpū one. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāina ma mua, ua wāwahi ka ʻōpū nui, a lawe ʻia hoʻi nā aʻa a me ka mauʻu. ʻO ka pā o ka muliwai, nā ʻāpana lepo ʻole a i ʻole ka mea i haki ʻia e hoʻohui ʻia i ka honua kaumaha. Ke ulu ikaika nei ʻo Melissa, no laila ʻo ka mamao ma waena o nā mea kanu he 25-30 cm (no nā mea kiʻekiʻe 40 cm a keu paha).
ʻAʻole pono nā specimens i nā pākeke, no ka mea ke ʻano ʻia lākou e ka ahonui nui. Eia nō naʻe, i ka makahiki mua o ke ola, pono ʻoe e mālama pono i ka mea kanu. I ka wā maloʻo a wela hoʻi, pono ka wai nui, akā me ka liʻiliʻi o ka wai i ke aʻa. Ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻia, hāmama ka lepo a hoʻāʻo lākou e hoʻokaʻawale i nā nāhelehele. No laila, ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia ka lepo e nā ʻōpala, kokoke i nā mea kanu e hoʻopili ʻia i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 5 cm.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana e ulu a pua, ʻohi lākou. ʻO ka maʻamau, ua ʻoki ʻia nā mea kanu a ke kiʻekiʻe o 10 cm ma luna o ka lepo. Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā ʻano hua ʻehā i nā huaʻai ʻehā i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Ma hope koke o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ua hānai ʻia me nā mea kohuke mineral wai (superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, potassium chloride). Mai hōʻuluʻulu ma mua o ka pua. He pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā meaola.
Kūpaʻa ʻo Melissa i ka hau. Inā lawa ka uhi anu o ka hau, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hopohopo i kekahi anuanu, akā inā ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ka hau, ua hāleʻa ʻia ka lepo i nā aʻa me nā lau hāʻule. Me ka wā kahiko (mai 6 mau makahiki o ka makahiki), hoʻemi lemu ka paʻakikī, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka manu.
Me ka mālama pono, pōpilikia a me nā maʻi mea kanu ʻaʻole makaʻu i ka melissa. Inā hoʻonoho nā iniseti i nā lālā, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou me kahi huʻa holoi a ʻauʻau i ka pā wela. Ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka iniseti, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea i hānai ʻia i meaʻai.
ʻO nā waiwai e hoʻohana ai a me nā contraindications
ʻO ka balm lemon a i ka lau a me ka lau mau lemon ka nui o nā mea ikaika:
- aila ʻaila ʻaila;
- Hoʻolaha;
- tannins;
- mau hoa hānau;
- mau wahi hele;
- macrocells;
- nā huaora;
- ʻōpala
- loko
Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻāpana ākea āpau o ka mea kanu i ke ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua maloʻo ʻia ma lalo o kahi canopy a wāwahi ʻia. No nā lāʻau lapaʻau, decoction, kaʻaila, ʻaila koʻikoʻi, inu wai a me ka hoʻokaʻawale wai.
He hua hoʻomākaʻō ʻia o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Hoʻomaha lākou i nā spasms, komo i ka hana o ka insomnia, a loaʻa pū kekahi choleretic, diuretic a carminative, hemostatic, nā hopena hōʻeha. ʻO ka wai me nā lau ʻala e hoʻēmi i ke kahe o ke koko, lohi i ka hanu ʻana, hoʻokaʻawale i nā membes mucous palana a ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka haʻalulu.
No nā wahine, ʻoluʻolu nui ka lemon balm, no ka mea, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ke ʻano o ke kāne a me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻana i ka ʻeha, hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻōpū o ka hana ʻana o nā ʻihi a me nā ʻōpiopio i ka wā menopause. I ka wā hāpai, hoʻopau ka mea kanu i ka toxicosis.
I waena o nā contraindications, ʻo ka mea koʻikoʻi loa he hypertension, pilikia noʻonoʻo a me nā maʻi maʻi. ʻAʻole ʻoe e hōʻino i ka lemon balm i nā poʻe e pono ai ka hoʻonui ʻana ma ka hana. Ma kahi o kahi overdose, hiki i ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka maʻi a me ka luaʻi, ka hiamoe, ke kuʻikuʻi a me ka maʻi palupalu.
