ʻO nā kumu o nā ʻano hua maikaʻi ʻo Lydia, i aloha ʻia e nā māla waina o Moldova, Ukraine a me ka hema o Rūsia no kā lākou māla maikaʻi a me ka helehelena nani o nā māla a me nā puna nani, no kahi mea ʻala maikaʻi o nā hua ono, e komo i ka moʻolelo. A puka mai ka waina, a me ka wai, a me ka wai i loko o kēia hua waina. A puka ʻia ʻo Lydia ma muli o ke kū kūʻē o kona kūpuna i nā maʻi. Akā, ʻaʻole mākou e hele ma mua o mākou iho, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā mea āpau i ka hoʻolālā.
Ola i mālama i nā hua waina Europa
Me ka loaʻa ʻana o ʻAmelika, ua nui nā ʻano puaa e ulu ana i Europa. I waena o lākou ʻo ka hui lae ʻo Vitis labruska, kahi mea hoihoi i ka poʻe puaʻa i mea hoʻowalewale no nā ʻano kanu hou.
ʻO ka hua waina Vitis labruska i lawe ʻia mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa
I ka manawa like, nā hua waina - wīwī o ka ʻōpū (oidium) a me phylloxera - nā maʻi mua i ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā hua waina, ua komo pū kekahi i ka Honua Mua. Ka mea i huli ia, ʻaʻole lākou makaʻu i ka mea kanu hihiu, a hoʻomaka nā mea kanu ma ka make ma masse. Ua loaʻa i ka Breeders kahi ala o waho mai o kēia kūlana ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā hua waina ʻEulopa e paʻa ʻole ana i nā maʻi i ka aʻa hihiu. ʻO ka hopena ke kuʻi mai o nā ʻano ʻano hiki ʻole ke kū i nā maʻi wale nō, akā loaʻa nō hoʻi i kahi ʻono hoihoi a me nā ʻono o nā hua waina. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, ua lilo nā mea hou i ʻike ʻole wale ma ʻEulopa, akā ua piʻi aku i ka ʻāpana ʻeleʻele a me Transcaucasia. Ua hoʻomaka lākou e kapa ʻia ʻo isabella ma ka inoa o ka ʻano ʻo Isabella, kahi nona nā hua waina hou loa i ʻōlelo ʻia. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kēia ʻo Tiras, Seibel, Rainor a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Aia pū kekahi pūʻulu ʻo Lydia.
Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he ʻokoʻa kēia - Lydia pink, ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha ʻo Isabella. ʻOiai hewa ʻole ka poʻe hope. He hua waina ʻo Isabella me nā hua ʻulaʻulaʻeleʻele, ma Lydia heʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele me kahi ʻāpana poni. ʻOiai ua like nā hua waina ʻelua i kēlā me kēia i nā ʻano he nui: ʻo ka nui a me ka like o nā huaʻaʻa, ko lākou ʻōpala strawberry, a ʻo ke kumu nui hoʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻenehana, ʻo ia ka mea nui i ka wai, ka waina, ka home - ka ʻona, ʻoiai ua maikaʻi a maikaʻi loa ia e like me nā hua waina.
Mai ka makahiki 1999, ma ka United States Union, a laila ma United States, ua pāpā ʻia nā hana i hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hua māla hybrid. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka loaʻaʻana o kahi nui o nā pectins i kēia mau ʻano, kahi i ka manawa fermentation e hoʻohuli ʻia i nā methinols, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻopōʻino i ka pilikia o ke ola kanaka. I ka lawe ʻole ʻana i nā pilikia h ʻoi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua ʻai hou a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka jam.
He aha ka Lydia maikaʻi
Ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu ʻana o nā lāʻau ma Lydia ma mua o ka awelika. I nā wahi hema, kahi e hānau ai ʻo ia me ka ʻole o ka pale, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kumu waina no ka māla ʻana. Hoʻomaʻomaʻo maikaʻi nā wana o kēia māla. I ka wā e ulu ana, e maloʻo nā pua o Lydia, no laila he mea nui kā lākou luke a me ka pinching. Hoʻomaka kēia ʻano like ʻole i ka hua i ka makahiki ʻekolu..
Ma nā ʻaoʻao hema i mākaʻikaʻi ʻo Lydia me ka ʻole o ka pale, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻāina e hoʻopuni ai i nā paia o nā hale, nā pukaki.
Lydia - kūmole ākea ʻano. ^ E Ha yM. ʻAkuhi nā hua waina i kahi nui, maloʻo, branched, ma ke ʻano e like me ka cone a i ʻole cylinder. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua, i loko o ka hua laka he ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻona. I uhi ʻia ka ʻili ikaika me ka uhi i ka lilac waxy, a ʻo ka ʻiʻo melemele he ʻala hoʻi e hoʻomanaʻo ai i nā hua lāʻau. I ka wā e hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nāwaliwali o nā hua ma luna o nā kumu, no laila, e kōkua ka hōʻiliʻili manawa i ka manawa e mālama ai i ka hua. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia i nā wahi me nā makani ikaika.
ʻO ka pale o Lydia i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā ʻano Europa. He pale kū'ē i ka momi pākē a me nā maʻi lahilahi i hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke mālama me ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi maʻi, akā pono ʻoe e hoʻokiʻū me ka phylloxera. ^ E Ha yM. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o Lydia ma mua o nā lāʻau'ē aʻe e hoʻokūkū i ka nui o ka lepo lepo a i ʻole ka paʻakai.
ʻO Lydia kahi māla huawa-huluhulu hua, hua, me nā hua maikaʻi maikaʻi a pale i ka hau
ʻO nā mea e hōʻike ai e pili ana iā Lydia - papa
| ʻO ke wā kūloko mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā mea kanu | 150-160 lā |
| ʻO ka nui o nā mahana ikaika mai ka hoʻomaka o ka manawa e ulu a hiki i ka moʻokūʻenehana makahiki | 3090 ºС |
| ʻO ka paona awelika o kahi huakaʻi i ka Hoa | 100-110 g, nui - 200-300 g |
| ʻO ka nui o ka Berry nui | Ø15 mm |
| ʻO ka paona maʻamau o ka ʻula | 3-4 kalona |
| Kāleka 100 g hua | 70-75 kcal. |
| ʻO kaʻikepili puna | 180-190 g / dm3 |
| ʻO ka nui o ka waikawa i 1 lita o ka waiʻona | 5.5-9.3 kalama |
| Hectare hua | a hiki i 10-12 tons |
| ʻO ke kūpaʻa Frost | a hiki i -26 ºС |
Ke ulu nei mākou i kahi pua nani ʻo Lydia
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kanu ʻana i ka hua kanu Lydia i ʻApelila a i ʻole i ka hoʻomaka mua o Mei, i ulu ai ka ulu lāʻau a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi iā ia e ola i ka hoʻoilo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā hua waina i ka hāʻule i ka mahina oʻOkakopa, ʻaʻole e ulu ka aʻa a i ka hoʻoilo, akā e hoʻohālikelike i nā kūlana ulu.
ʻO ka meli, ka chernozemic a i ole one sandy loam, me ka kaomi o ka pH 6-7, kūpono loa no ka kanu ʻana iā Lydia. ʻAʻole emi ka haʻahaʻa o lalo i ka ʻekahi kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo ka ea - he ʻumikumamālima. Kūkulu ka wai i kahi o nā māla huaʻai ma kahi hohonu o nā aʻa a i ka hapa mika.
Ke kanu mau nei nā mea kanu Līsia ma ka lā e mālama ʻia e ka lā, mālama ʻia mai nā kumuwaiwai a me nā makani.
ʻO ka nui o ka lua a me kona hoʻopiha ʻana no ka kanu ʻana i Lydia e like like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā huawaina: 70-75 cm hohonu a pālahalaha, 15-20 cm kahi alawai, ka lepo i hui pū ʻia me nā pupuk. Inā ʻaʻole i mākaukau ʻia ka papa ʻāina mai ka hāʻule, a laila i ka pūnāwai ua ʻae ʻia ka lepo i loko o ka lua e noho ai, a waiho ʻia ka hua kanu ma loko o ia hebedoma.
I ka wā e hiki mai ana, no ka ulu maʻamau a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hua waina Lydia e hana pinepine i nā mea hana. Pau ka hana ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo ma kahi radius o 0.5-0.6 m mai ka lāʻau e pono ai no nā hua waina i kēlā me kēia pule.
ʻOi ke ʻano o kahi ulu lāʻau no nā lālani Lydia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hana i loko o kahi hoʻohālike.
Hōʻaloʻo Vine i nā makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu - papa
| ʻAno makahiki | Hoʻohui wā | Kahi papa |
| Makahi makahiki | Ma hope o ka hāʻule o nā lau | Waiho i nā wana 2-3 |
| Makahiki lua | Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka manawa e ulu ana | Ma ke kumu waina i waiho iā 3 peephole ma lalo o kona ʻāpana |
| Ekolu makahiki | Ma hope o ka hāʻule o nā lau | Ke waiho nei nā māla i nā maka 3-4 e hana i ka mau lima |
Eia hou, hana i ka makahiki leʻa makahiki, like me ke kolu o ka makahiki, e hoʻopili ai i nā pili a me nā lima. Hoʻopili i ke kāpili ʻana i ka līlū lohi, lawe ʻia kekahi ʻano hana like me ia i ka pūnāwai, e hoʻoneʻe ana i nā ʻōpala maloʻo ma kahi mahana wela o ka nui o 5 ºС, a i ke kauwela, e hōʻoki i nā ʻanuʻu.
Hoʻopili i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka mea o ka līlū lūlū, mālama ʻia kekahi hana maemae i ka puna, e hoʻoneʻe ana i nā ʻōpala maloʻi, a i ke kauwela, e kāohi ana i nā ʻanuʻu.
Hoʻomoʻa ʻia ʻo Lydia, e ninini ʻia i loko o nā puʻu e pili ana i 20 cm hohonu, i kālai ʻia e ka nui o ke kaʻe o ka ʻōpū, 12-15 lita o ka wai ma ka lāʻau.
- ma hope o ka kanu hua;
- ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka waina i ka pā;
- me ka lōʻihi pana 25 cm;
- ma mua o ka pua;
- ma hope o ka pua;
- me nā hua ʻala;
- mahope o ka ʻoki ʻana.
Ma hope o kēlā me kēia kau, e wehe ana ka ʻāina ma kahi kū pono o ka hua waina.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻo Lydia i ka hoʻomōhala me nā minuke mineral. E ʻala nā hua ʻona. Hana i nā hoʻomākaukau i ke ʻano maloʻo i ka wā e ʻeli ai i ka lepo a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka hoʻonā ʻana i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo. He mea nui ia e hāʻawi i ka lole topope i kēlā mau wā o ka mea kanu aia i ka mea e pono ai.
Hoʻohui i ka lole kaulina luna - papa
| Wā lau launa | Nā Kelepila |
| Ma mua o ka wehe ʻana i nā pūpū | No 10 mau wai o ka wai.
|
| Kele ma mua o ka pua | No 10 mau wai o ka wai.
|
| ʻO ka wā ʻala o nā hua waina | No 10 mau wai o ka wai.
|
| Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili | I ka m 12 Pāhaʻi pākihi 15 g. |
Inā pono e hana i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no ka hua waina e ulu a hoʻoulu, hiki ke transplanted i ke kahawai mua, e neʻe nei (ʻo ia hoʻi, e neʻe pū ana me kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻāina ma ke aʻa) i loko o kahi lua. Pono paha o kahi kikoʻī e kūpono loa i nā aʻa niu.
Nā Hōʻike Kūʻai
Ripens i nā kūlana o Kharkov - waenakonu a i pau paha o Kepakemapa. Akā ua hoʻomaka wau e hoʻowalewale i nā hua mua i hala i ka 20 o ʻAukake. He ʻano lahilahi maikaʻi ʻole ia a ʻaʻole i kaʻina ʻia e kekahi mea, ʻoiai ʻo ka lāʻau mua kahi e ulu ana i nā makahiki he kanahā. ʻO ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ua ʻō ʻia ʻo ia e ke kukui, akā ʻaʻole naʻe koʻikoʻi, no ka mea ua ʻohi ʻia ke māla a hāʻawi i kahi hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka waina mai loko mai. He haumāna hoʻohaumaha ia "no ka poʻe palau."
dzug//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=14546
i ka pō ma mua o ka make ʻana o ka pōpō i ka lau i ka hua waina, akā ua ola ke hua i loko o ka huaʻa Lydia Ua hoʻopiʻi ka ua me ka ʻohi ʻana i nā huaʻa. A maloʻo ka huaʻala, ʻike wau iā lākou a waiho iā lākou i loko o ka hale. makahiki hou. Hōʻike ʻo Moldova, ʻaʻohe manawa ka wā e koi ai no ka mea ʻaʻohe kumu no ka lidia.
ioan//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=14546
ʻOi aku koʻu makemake e ulu i Lūkini Farani mai nā ʻano isabel (ʻo kā mākou mau mea aloha i lawe mai ia mai ka ʻāina Dnepropetrovsk) .. ua hoʻomaka e hohola ʻia ma lalo o nā inoa ʻo Lydia Farani a me Crimean Rose. Pehea ia e like ai me ka Lydia maʻamau. me ka poʻohiwi ke kala i ka burgundy, a ʻo ka mea nui ka mea ʻai ʻole me ke ʻeke, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka ʻili, ʻo ke ʻano o ke ʻano ʻulaʻula. Regards, Ivan.
Ivan Kravtsov//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=82&page=37
ʻO ke kumuwaiwai kūleʻa, paʻakikī ka hoʻoilo a me ka pale maikaʻi ʻana i nā maʻi he nui o nā hua waina, ua kūpono nā ʻano Lydia no ka māla ma ka Lūkia hema. ʻO ke kumuhana e pili ana i nā ʻenehana mahiai, e makemake ʻo ia i ka mea lawe maikaʻi me ka hua ʻala maikaʻi, ʻono a maikaʻi loa i ka momona i ka manawa lōʻihi, e lilo ia i mea hoʻonani o ka papa holoʻokoʻa a me kahi lako maikaʻi loa no ka ʻaka a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe.
