Nui ka poʻe i ka makemake i ka viticulture a me ka winemaking, ʻaʻole wale ma nā ʻāina hema. Ke nānā nei lākou a nānā i kēlā me kēia manawa i nā ʻano lāʻau kūpono e kūpono no ka ulu ʻana ma kā lākou wahi. ʻO kekahi o ia mau mea, ʻo ka māka Livadia ʻeleʻele, i kēia lā ka wā i ulu a ʻūlau o ka palena waena.
ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi mea hoʻokahi koʻikoʻi
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻano ʻili ʻeleʻele ʻo Black Livadia ma ka Magarach Institute e kahi mea moʻomeheu koʻikoʻi, physiologist a me nā hua waina, ke ʻano nui a me nā mea hana ʻo Pavel Yakovlevich Golodryga.
Kuhi ma ka hana
He mea kaulana a ʻo ke ʻano like a ka mea aloha hōʻano ʻia e nā winegrowers a me nā mea inu waina. Lantone ʻilā pono ʻole. Hoʻopili pū kona mau hua i ka momona a me ka momona, loaʻa i kahi kala ikaika o nā hua waina a me nā wai, nā momona nutmeg. Kūpono nā hua o kēia ʻano like ʻole i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻina maikaʻi no ka hoʻohana pilikino a kūʻai ʻia.
He aha ka maikaʻi ma Livadia ʻeleʻele
ʻĀwele Livadia - kahi ʻano waina. I bred ia e ke ala ʻana i nā ʻano o Magarach 124-66-26 a me Metru Vaagas. ʻO nā keke o ka ikaika ikaika. ʻO nā pua o kēia hua waina he bisexual. ʻO nā hua liʻiliʻi cylindrical me nā ʻēheu he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ka elongated hua ʻoni o Livadia ʻeleʻele ka ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a uhi ʻia i ka pua pua nani, kahi e waiho ana i ka hina.
ʻO Pruin kahi wili wulu e uhi ana i nā huaʻa me kahi ʻāpana ʻōpio e pale iā lākou mai ka hoʻopōʻino nā waʻa, nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka wā, ka hoʻohemo ʻana o ka ea a me nā hōʻino e nā microorganism. Mahalo i ka pūnāwai ma luna o nā hua waina, ua emi iho lākou i ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ka halihali a me ka waiho ʻana. ʻO ka lau a me nā wana o nā hua waina he pale like ia.
Ma ka palate, ʻo Livadia nā hua ʻonoʻeleʻele a momona. I nā papa waina i hana ʻia mai ia mau mea, ʻike ʻia nā leo kīlaila, nutmeg, a me ka prune.
ʻEleʻele Livadia - kahi ʻano waina maikaʻi kaulana
ʻĀuli livadian i nā helu
ʻO nā kāʻei o kēia ʻano kaila o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, akā koi i ke kākoʻo. Hoʻopili ke kīleʻa Livadia, inā helu ʻoe mai ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai nā pua, e pili ana iā 130 a hiki i 140 lā. Ua manaʻo ʻia kēia wā ma mua o nā manawa ʻoki waena.
Nā pepa maloʻo ma ka lāʻau
ʻO ka laulā maʻamau o ka ʻuʻuku e liʻiliʻi - ma kahi o kahi hapaha o ke kilo. He liʻiliʻi kā nā hua ʻona, ke kaupaona nei he 1.5-2 kalama. Akā loaʻa iā lākou kahi mea hoʻonaninani kūʻokoʻa a kahi makana manuahi i lawe ʻia i ka wili i hana ʻia mai lākou, kahi i loaʻa iā lākou ka helu kiʻekiʻe o nā tasters.
I nā huaʻai, 90% e kau ʻia ana i ka wai, ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, a hiki i ka 20-26% ka nui o ka kō a me ka 7-8 pākē o ka waikawa i kēlā me kēia pā. I loko o nā hua waina 2-3 nā iwi liʻiliʻi.
Kūleʻa ke kūpaʻa Livadia i ka hau a hiki i -25 º diseases a me nā maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka ukana maʻamau ma ka lāʻau ʻoi a hiki i nā maka 30 i ka wā e kanu ai i nā pua no 2-3 mau ʻāpana.
ʻEleʻele Livadian ma kāna pūnaewele
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ulu i ke waena waena a i ʻole paha i nā wahi i kū i ke kua ʻākau, ʻaʻole hiki i ka lālani Livadia ke hoʻokūkū me nā hoahānau Crimean i loko o ka honi gula, akā maikaʻi loa ia no ka hana ʻana i ka waina maikaʻi.
Pono ke ʻano ʻeleʻele ʻo Livadia i ka wela a me ka lā, no laila, koho lākou i kahi kūpono no ka kanu ʻana i ka pae - ka wela loa a me ka nui o ka lā, e kau i nā kākoʻo, e kau i nā mea kanu i ka lepo.
ʻO ka mālama pono ʻana o kēia māla i kūleʻa no nā ʻano lāʻau.
No ka ʻoki ʻana, waiho wale nā ʻōpala maikaʻi loa ma luna o ke kumu waina, e ana ana i ko lākou helu me nā makahiki o ka ulu lāʻau. E hōʻoia e wehe i nā lau maloʻo. ʻO kēia ka mea i pale ai i nā maʻi, a me ka pale ʻana i nā pōʻino pepeke, a me kahi kukui hou no nā hua hua.
He mea nui: ma hope o nā puka minamina o Livadia ʻeleʻele, pono ke hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka hua, ma ke ʻano he manawa ʻole, inā ʻaʻole e hoʻomaka nā hua, a laila e emi loa ka maikaʻi o ko lākou ʻono a me ke ʻano.
Ma hope o ka hoʻopauʻana i ka lole Livadia i ka hāʻule, hoʻohemo ʻia mai ke kākoʻo, kū i ka lepo a uhi ʻia no ka hoʻoilo.
ʻOiai ke kūpaʻa nui ʻana o kēia ʻano i nā maʻi maʻi, ʻaʻole pono e poina i kekahi e pili ana i ka hiki ʻana i nā maʻi like e like me ka lola, ke aniliki, ʻōpala keʻokeʻo. Aia nō kekahi mau pepeke - weevil, aphids, Woodworms, nā namu, nā ʻōpio - hiki ke hōʻeha nui i ka hua a me ka mea kanu. ʻO ka pale ʻana i kēia mau pilikia o ka ola kanu maʻamau:
- ka mālama pono ʻana i ka ʻenehana ʻoihana mahiʻai;
- ka manawa kūpono o nā kōlā pono;
- ka hoopau ʻana i nā lau a me ka ʻoi;
- ka hana maʻamau o ka pā waina i nā fungicides a me nā iniseti.
Hōʻikeʻike o nā winegrowers a me nā mea inu waina
I koʻu manaʻo, ʻaʻole he kūpono kēia ʻōlelo, no ka hoʻoilo o ka makahiki 2014-2015, e pahū loa nei kaʻu kaʻa maʻikaʻi ʻole ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka hala ʻole o ka momona (ʻo ka nui -18 kiʻekiʻe ka nui no ka manawa pōkole loa, nā hōʻike mai ka waihona kiʻi ma ka pūnaewele rp5) a me ka maikaʻi waina ʻala. I kēia mau makahiki i hala aku nei (ma kahi o -25 ka hapa iki) a me kēia (e pili ana -22 ka hapa) o hoʻokahi lima aʻa i haki ʻole ʻia e ka 5 me ka hoʻohui. ʻO ke kūleʻa Frost o Livadia ʻeleʻele i kaʻu mau kūlana i ʻoi aku ma mua o Citron magarach.
Sheva//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-1470-p-3.html
ʻO kahi mea e makemake ai e hoʻohui iā Livadia ʻeleʻele Samara. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano hoʻohiki. Ripens i waenakonu o Kepakemapa. ʻO ka palena loa i hiki ke 29 Bri ma ka moku ʻo Samara ma ʻOkakopa 1. Me ka waikawa o 6-8. Ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ke kūʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa iā Mildew a me Oidium. Hoʻololi ʻia ka liʻiliʻi e ka pala hina, a i ka makahiki i hala. Eʻoluʻolu nā Muscat. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ka waina ma 2016. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike ma ka ʻōpū lohi, ʻaʻole lawa nā anthocyanins no nā lāʻau ʻala. ʻIke maikaʻi ʻo ia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka pahu. Pau nā hapa o nā anthocyanins i ka wā o ka wā lōpiopio a pono mākou e hana i kēia kuhikuhi. Maikaʻi i ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana me ka Ruby o ka ʻIka. ʻIke ʻia ka like ʻole me ka winemaking. I koʻu manaʻo, ʻo ka ʻano paʻakikī ʻole loa. ʻO ka huahana kiʻekiʻe. Me nā lāʻau 600 he awelika o kahi he 4 ʻehā waina. Kūkulu ʻia ka nahele me nā ʻōlima he 4-6. He ʻano me nā mana kūpono e pono ai no ka hoʻoili. Inā makemake ʻia, e maʻalahi ka palani o ka mea ulu no 10-15 kg.
Samara//www.forum-wine.info/viewtopic.php?f=70&t=1107
No laila ka nīnau e pili ana i ka Livadia ʻeleʻele, kūpono ia no ka papa ʻaina, ʻaʻole kūpono nā ʻaina ʻawaʻawa. . ʻoiai ... Akā he mea ʻalaʻawa loa ... nā mea kani o ka nui .... he pono, ma ke ʻano he nui wau, ʻaʻole wau e hoʻopaʻapaʻa, akā he aha ka punahele o ka punahele ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka hoʻoliʻu ????
sania//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-1335.html
ʻO ka hapanui o nā winegrowers e ulu ana i ke kōleʻele o Livadia, a me nā winemaker e hoʻohana ana, e ʻae i ka mana o kēia ʻano. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia hua waina he maikaʻi a nani hoʻi. Akā, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻākau ʻĀwī Livadia, ʻoi aku ka mea e manaʻo ʻia ai ka mana ʻana o kona mau ʻano a pau.
