Zhigulevskoe - nā ʻelee i ho'āʻo ʻia ma mua

ʻO Apple-tree Zhigulevskoye - kahi lōʻihi i kaulana a kaulana hoʻi i Rūsia. ʻO ka poʻe i ʻike ʻole ʻia e hoihoi a makemake lākou e aʻo e pili ana i kāna ʻano maikaʻi, a me nā hemahema o kēia ʻano. E haʻi mākou iā ʻoe ma kahi a pehea e ulu ai kēia lāʻau ulu maikaʻi, pehea a pehea e hoʻohana ai i ka hua.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻōlepili like Zhigulevskoe

ʻO kēia hōʻaina o ka papa ʻaina i hala ma ka makahiki 1936 i ka hale māla hoʻāʻo ʻo Kuibyshev ma ke ala ʻana i nā ʻano ʻelua - ʻo ka Borovinka kahiko a me ʻAmelika Huipū (ʻo nā ʻano like ʻole like ʻole ke kūlohelohe kūlohelohe). Mai ka makahiki 1949, aia nō ia ma nā ʻano hōʻike like ʻana, a ma ka 1965 ua kākau ʻia ia i loko o ka mokuʻāina Kauka a kāhea i nā ʻāina ʻeono:

• Koi waena;
• Pūleʻele ʻeleʻele;
• Kaukia ʻAu;
• Volzhsky waena;
• Volzhsky haʻahaʻa;
• Siberian Hikina (ma ke ʻano stlan).

Nui ka pālahalaha ʻana ma nā ala waena. Aia i ia mau waiwai:

• ʻO kahi lāʻau o ke ulu a i ʻole ka ulu kiʻekiʻe, ka wikiwiki wikiwiki. Hoʻopili ʻia ka lei aliʻi, lula ākea, pālahalaha pyramidal, i kekahi manawa a puni. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hua kamaliʻi ma nā kāwili a me nā kaula.
• ʻO nā māka ākea ka laulā, kūpono a me ke kala.
• ʻOiʻo Pobegoobrazovanie.
• ʻAno maoli ia, no ka mea o ka pilikia o ka hōʻino o nā ʻōpū huaʻai e hoʻihoʻi ʻole i nā frosts.
• ʻAʻole lawa ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo.
• Wahi a ka papa inoa mokuʻāina, hoʻopilikia ʻia nā lau i ka scab, nāwaliwali nā hua. Akā ʻo VNIISPK (All-Russian Research Institute for Selection of Fruit Crops) i hoʻopiʻi ai i ka pale e hōʻeha a i ka pohō nui ʻana e ka lua o ka hua o ka noke maʻa.
• Ma ke ʻano hele. Hoʻomaka ka hua ʻana i ka 5-6 mau makahiki ma hope o ka pale ʻana i ka lāʻau a kanu i ka māla.
• E pili ana i ke kaona ʻona o nā ʻano, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka ʻike i loko o nā kumu kumu. Hoʻomaopopo kekahi mau kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe o Zhigulevsky i ka paʻahana a ke manaʻo nei e kanu ʻia nā ʻano pollinator nona.
  • Kuibyshevskoe;
  • Anise hina;
  • ʻO Antonovka ka maʻamau;
  • Kākau
  • Kutuzovets a me kekahi.
• Mea kiʻekiʻe ka huahana. E lawe mai kahi lāʻau pākeke i kahi makahiki kūleʻa 200-250 kg o nā apu. I ka wā ʻōpiopio, ʻo ia ka hua o ka makahiki he makahiki, a me ka wā e lilo ia i mea maʻamau.
• ʻO nā hua o kahi ʻano hana maikaʻi loa e loaʻa i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona:
  • Nā nui nui - ke kaupaona nei ka nui o ka manamana o 120-200 g, a ua loaʻa nā specimens pilikino 350 g.
  • Hoʻokomo ʻia ke ʻano, hoʻopulu ʻia, i kekahi manawa me nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
  • ʻ smoothleʻa ke ʻano, ikaika. Ka melemele nui ke kala e pili ana i kahi pua ʻulaʻula-a i ʻulaʻula i uhi ʻia a puni ka ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻōpū. A he nui nō hoʻi nā wahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
    

    ʻO nā kope kūʻokoʻa o nā hua āpau o nā ʻano Zhigulevskoye i hōʻea 350 g

  • ʻAno momona ka pulp, palupalu. Loaʻa kahi kala kala, maikaʻi maikaʻi a me nā momona momona a me kahi momona momona no ia.
• Hoʻomau ka wā e hiki ai i ka hopena o ʻAukake - i ka hoʻomaka mua o Kepakemapa. Kūpono nā huaʻai i ka piha piha 2-3 mau pule ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana. Mālama ʻia nā ʻeleʻa a hoʻopau ʻia no ʻelua a ʻekolu mau mahina a hiki i Dekemaba (i kekahi manawa a hiki i Ianuali).

Papa: ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike o ka lāʻau Zhigulevskoe apple ma muli o ke ʻano o ka nui

Kūʻai

Kanu ʻia nā hua kanu Zhigulevskoe e like me nā lula ma ka maʻamau no kēia moʻomeheu. ʻAʻole i loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona ma kēia hana i noi ʻia e nā ʻano like. No laila, he pōkole wale nō a ma ia hana ma ka neʻe e hoʻomanaʻo mākou i nā māla hou i ke ʻano o ke kanu ʻana i kahi lāʻau ʻapōpō:

1. Koho i kahi manawa noho. No nā wahi hema me nā haʻalulu mahana a me nā kauwela wela, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu ʻana ma ka hopena o ka lūlū - ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka punana wai (i ka wā e hāʻule ai ka lau) a hele ka mea kanu. Akā ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hau, e noho mau ka wiki he 3-4. I nā wahi anu, ua kanuʻia nā kumulāʻau i ka wā puna, i ka wā ʻaʻole i kanu nā mea kanu a ʻaʻole hoʻi i ulu.
2. E ʻimi i ka wahi kūpono loa no ka lāʻau lāʻau e hiki mai ana. Pono e hoʻokō i nā koi aʻe:
   • Aia ma ke kahawai liʻiliʻi a i ʻole hema paha me ka wai ʻole o ka wai. ʻAe ʻia ka hohonu hohonu o ka ʻōpū ma lalo o 2-3 mau mika.
   • ʻAʻohe kūpono nā māla, nā nāhelehele a me nā wahi like kahi e hoʻoheheʻe ai ka makani anuanu.
   • Mahea ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka palekana kūlohelohe i nā makani northerly maloʻo i ke ʻano o ka pā, nā lāʻau ākea, nā paia o ka hale. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ʻole kēia, a laila no ka manawa mua e kūkulu i nā mea kanu lāʻau e pale ai i ka palekana me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā pale i kīkīkī ʻia mai nā kaola a me ka paila. Hiki iā ʻoe ke uhi uhi i nā mea kanu no ka hoʻoilo me ka spanbond.
   • Pono ka lepo i kahi papahele a loaʻa i ka acidity kūpaʻa. ʻO ka pH maikaʻi loa he 6.5-7.
3. ʻElua a ʻekolu mau pule ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, ua mākaukau kahi lua ʻāina. I ka hihia o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka wai, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi lua ma ka hopena o ke kau. E hana i kēia:
   1. Komi i kahi lua 0.7-0.8 m hohonu a me 0.8-1 m ka anawaena.
   2. ʻO ka pōhaku i kālai ʻia, ke kahakaha, nā pālaha hoʻonui ʻia a me nā mea like ʻole no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi palupalu kahi i waiho ʻia ma ka lalo. ʻO kona mānoanoa he 10-15 cm.
   3. Hoʻopiha lākou i ka lua me ka lepo momona i mākaukau ʻia me ke kāwili ʻana i ka lepo ʻeleʻele, peat, humus a me ke one, i lawe ʻia me ka nui.
4. I ka lā kanu, ua kanu ʻia nā aʻa o ka hua kanu i ka wai no 3-4 mau hola.
5. Ma ka waenakonu o ka luawai punawai, ua mākaukau kahi lua o nā ʻāpana āpau ke kūpono i nā aʻa o ka hua huʻu, a ua ʻano i loko he wahi liʻiliʻi ma loko.
6. Hoʻoheʻe ʻia ka hua puaʻa i loko o ka lua a kau ʻia kona ʻāʻī kumu ma luna o ke kuʻi, a ua pālahalaha ʻia nā aʻa ma nā ʻaoʻao.
7. Hoʻopiha lākou i ka lua me ka lepo i lawe ʻia mai ia mea, hana pono. I ka wā kanu, e hōʻoia i ka hope o ke kihi o ke aʻa i ka pae a i ʻole e hāpai iki i ka (3-4 cm).
   

   Hōʻoia i ka hohonu o ka aʻa kumu o ka seedling

8. Hoʻopuni ia mea kanu, ua pālahalaha i kahi kaila o ka lua ma ke anā o ka lua e hoʻopaʻa i ka wai i ka wa o ka hoʻoilo.
9. E hoʻoinu i ka mea kanu me ka wai nui a hiki i ka piha piha o ka ʻōpala. Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka wai, hana hou ʻia ke kaʻina hana ma waena o 1-2 mau manawa. Hāʻawi kēia i kahi kūpono o ka ʻāina i nā aʻa, a ma muli o ke ola, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ola.
10. Ke hoʻopiha nei lākou i ka lepo i kahi papa o ka mulch (ma kāna ʻano hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka humus, peat, rotted sawdust, etc.) me ke mānoanoa o 5-10 cm.
11. E ʻoki i ka piko o ka mea kanu i ke kiʻekiʻe o 0.8-1 m mai ka lepo. Inā loaʻa nā lālā, a laila pono lākou e ʻoki ʻia i ka hapalua.
    

    Ma hope o ke kanuʻana, e ʻoki i ka piko o ka seedling i ke kiʻekiʻe o 0.8-1 m mai ka lepo

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka māla a me nā subtleties o ka mālama

E like me ke kanu, mālama ʻana i kahi huaʻō Zhigulevskoye ʻokoʻa ʻole i kekahi ʻano. He maʻamau maʻamau ʻole, akā i ka wā e ulu ai ka mea e pono ai ka mālama ʻana i nā mea ʻelua.

Hoʻolaha kūlohelohe

No ka mea he nui ka ulu o ka lahui, ʻano lākou i ka lāʻau o ka ʻoma ma kahi hua a i ʻole ka mana waena o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻolālā sparse-tier me kahi ulu ulu. Kahi ʻia ua ʻano ʻike ʻia a ʻike ʻia e ka hapa nui o nā māla lāʻau.

ʻO nā kumulāʻau ʻehā ma nā dwarf a me nā semi-dwarf rootstocks, kahi i ulu nui ʻia ma luna o nā trellises, i hana ʻia me ka palu a me nā spindles.

I nā kūlana koʻikoʻi o Siberia, hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano stanled o ka lei o ka lāʻau meli.

Kiʻi Kiʻi: Nā Hoʻohui Kūleʻa Apple Tree

Mālama mai ka hau

ʻO ke kūleʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā ʻano ka mea pono i ka māla ʻana i nā wahi anuanu e hoʻopili i nā ala ʻē aʻe e pale ai i nā mea kanu mai ka hau. Inā ulu ka hua lāʻau i loko o nā ʻano stlan, a laila no ka hoʻoilo he mea maʻalahi ia e uhi iā ia me ka hau, lapnik, nā lau hāʻule i ʻole a i uhi paha i nā mea. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā kumulāʻau liʻiliʻi me nā hua liʻiliʻi, i hoʻopaʻa mua ʻia a hana ʻia no lākou me nā uhi kūikawā a i ʻole nā ​​mea uhi e huki hou iā lākou..

Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā kumulāʻau liʻiliʻi me ke kikoo, i mea e hoʻopili mua ai i nā lālā

ʻO kekahi mea e pale aku i ka kumulāʻau mai ka hoʻoku manu ʻana ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i ka lāʻau paapapa ua kālai ʻia i kahi ʻano kālai hau e kū pono ʻole i ka kiʻekiʻe o ka grafting ma mua o ka pae hau o ka ʻāina.

ʻO nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki - pale a me ka kāohi

Hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻike hakakā e pili ana i ka pale ʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki, mea kūpono ia ma ka hana maʻamau i nā hana pale kūlohelohe:

• I ka wā hāʻule, pono ʻoe e hānai i nā lau hāʻule i hāʻule a hōʻole inā loaʻa ke kānalua o ko lākou maʻi. Inā ʻaʻohe pōpilikia, a laila hiki ke hoʻohana i nā lau i ka pale i nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu lāʻau.
• Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā lau, kāʻili hohonu lākou i ka ʻāina a puni nā kumulāʻau me ke kōpele o nā papa. Inā ʻoe e hana i kēia ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hau, a laila e hoʻonui ʻia nā pōpoki a me nā ʻōpala i loko o ka lepo i ka hoʻoilo ma ka lepo e make i ka hoʻoilo.
• I ka manawa like, e puhi nā ʻōpala a me nā pua wīwī i ka limima a me nā peila lāʻau kūikawā. A pale aku kēia i ka lāʻau lāʻau mai ka lā a me ka hau.
• I ka wā mua, ke ʻano ʻole nā ​​ʻōpio, pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kahi hana hoʻoneʻe me nā pesticides pesticides. ʻO ka DNOC, Nitrafen, 5% hopena o ka keleawe keleawe ka mea maʻamau.

I ka hihia o ka ʻikepili i haʻi ʻia i ka wehewehe ʻana o ka Palapala Kauʻāina, pono e mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana me nā fungicides (drug antifungal). E like me ke kānāwai, hana i nā hōʻoki ʻekolu.

1. Ma mua o ka pua.
2. Ma hope koke o ka pua ʻana.
3. 7-10 lā ma hope o ka lua.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kono i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kaulana - Horus, Strobi, Abiga-Peak, a me nā mea hou aʻe e pili ana i ka hakakā ʻana i ka ʻalā ma ka lāʻau ʻōpala, ʻike ma aneʻi.

ʻAʻole pono ke kōkua i ka ʻoi ʻana o ka lawaiʻa codling a me nā mea ʻē aʻe inā e ʻāpono ka māla me nā ʻōlelo pili ma luna e kūʻē i nā maʻi. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui iā lākou i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā kāʻei hopu holoholona ma ke kuʻe ʻana i ka lā ma mua o ke kahawai, e pale aku ai i ka komo ʻana o nā palu, nā ʻaupō, nā ʻōpala, etc.

I koʻu kuke kauwela, no ke kumu o ka pale ʻana, i ka pūnāwai ua lilo wau i ʻekolu ʻōpena o nā lei i nā lāʻau hua, me nā hua lāʻau kālai ʻia me kahi pā o loko o Horus a me Decis (kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē i nā pōpoki). Hoʻopili wau i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e ka hoʻōla ʻana i ke kauwela me ka biofungicide Phytosporin-M, ka mea i hana like me ke ʻano o ke kapa aʻa nui, no ka mea, he mau waika humic i ka haku. ʻO ka 2-3 lapaʻau e mālama ai, ʻo 2-3 lā, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia ko lākou helu. Mālama loa ka lāʻau iā nā kānaka a me nā holoholona - hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā huaʻai ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana. No ka pale aku i nā pōpilikia, hoʻohana wau i nā bioinsecticides e like me Iskra-Bio a me Fitoverm. A i nā hihia koʻikoʻi wale aku wau i nā mea kemikila. Akā, pono wau e ʻōlelo, me ka nānā ʻana o nā hana pale, ʻaʻole nui loa nā hihia.

Nā loiloi o nā māla e pili ana i nā ʻokoʻa

ʻO Yuri, ʻo Zhigulevsky kekahi mau hua ʻokoʻa. Aia lākou me he "warts" a me nā tubercles. I nā ʻano ʻo Bryansk, e like me kāu e ʻike ai, he ʻōpala a loloa paha ke alo. Aia nā hua ʻelua i nā hua nui a hiki i ka 250-300 g. I ka manawa like, nā hua manamana o ka nui o Zhigulevskoye e hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka ʻono i ka "meli" i ka wā mālama. E hoʻomaka a Zhigulevskoe i nā lā he 10 i ka lā ʻo Kepakemapa. Aia ka mea ma mua o nā ʻano ʻo Bryansk like ʻole. ʻOkoʻa loa ka peduncle a he lōʻihi loa ia. ʻAe, ʻaʻole maʻamau ka loʻōlelo hope loa ʻo Bryansk i nā kula, a ʻo Zhigulevskoye ka mea maʻamau ma aneʻi.

Kau kikowaena

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Re: Zhigulevskoe

ʻO Yuri, kahi ʻano ʻono maikaʻi e ʻono. Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei wau, ma kekahi mau ʻāina, ʻo ia ka ʻano nui o ka ʻoihana. Hoʻokahi ka Crohn. Huaʻai ʻano spurous. ʻO nā apela he nui, kūʻai ʻia. Pulp, ma hope o kahi malama o kahi mālama, he meaʻono maikaʻi loa. ʻO ia, loaʻa ka huaʻai i ka mākama optimum ma waena o Nowemapa, akā ʻaʻole mālama ia no kahi manawa lōʻihi. ʻO kēia kahiʻano līlihi maʻemaʻe maʻamau. Heluhelu wau i kekahi wahi ʻaʻohe mea o nā hua e kuleana no ka mālama ʻana i nā hua. No laila, mālama ʻia ke ʻano i ka maikaʻi a hiki i ka Hou Hou a ʻaʻole hoʻoilo. I kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kahi ʻano like ʻole i ka pilikia nui. ʻAʻole ko ka hoʻoilo paʻakikī. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo, ʻoiai ma ka home, he ʻano iki wale nō. I koʻu manaʻo, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā ʻano ʻo Bryansk. Eia nō naʻe, he mea kupaianaha nō hoʻi ma mua o ke komo ʻana i ka hua, ulu ke ʻano like me ka hoʻoilo no ka hoʻoilo, akā ma hope o ka makahiki huaʻai e hoʻopau nui ʻia. Ke kānalua nei au ʻaʻole ka manawa o ka hua lāʻau i hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻoilo. Mai ka wā hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia o nā hua i hala. ʻO nā stambes a me nā wahi i waiho ai nā lālā skeletal e hoʻopilikia nui ʻia e nā lua wai.

Kau kikowaena

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ʻO Zhigulevskoe kekahi ma ka hale ʻaina hoʻokahi. ʻOiʻoluʻolu nui nā hua ʻulaʻula nui me nā ʻiole melemele kukui. Pehea e hōʻike ai! Naono, momona. Akā, pono hana ʻia ka lāʻau, no ka mea makemake ia e hāʻawi i nā lālā me kahi kihi o ka haʻalele, paʻa me ka wāwahi mai ka (ʻōlelo hou) wau i kahi hua kaumaha. ʻAʻole ulu ʻole.

Natali_R

//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/58649/page-5

ʻAʻole e nalowale ka ʻōpiopio kahiko o Rūsia me kahi makua ʻAmelika i ko mākou manawa. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka huki nui ʻana (ʻoi ʻia ka homa.) Hoʻopili wale ia i nā palena o nā māla hiki. A inā ʻae ʻia nā kūlana o ka ʻāina i kēia hana, a laila hilinaʻi paʻa ʻia ke ʻano o ka kanu ʻana no kona pono ponoʻī a no nā pono kūlohelohe i nā kūlana o ka māla ikaika ʻana.