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Nā mea kanu

Pehea e kanu ai i kahi kumulāʻau apple

ʻO ka kumulāʻau mea lāʻau nui kekahi o nā hua ʻai nui, me ka ʻole o kahi kime he kū hoʻokahi home a i ʻole ka piha kauwela. I mea e ulu ai kahi ulu maikaʻi, lako nui a me ka manawa pinepine, pono ka māla hale e ʻike i nā kānāwai a me nā ʻano o ke kanu ʻana i kahi kumulāʻau e pili ana i nā kūlana āna. ʻO kā mākou hana, e kōkua iā ia me kēia.

ʻO nā lā kanu lāʻau Apple

ʻO ke koho o nā lā kanu kūpono e pili ana i nā kumulāʻau e hilinaʻi ana ma ka wahi o ka māla. I nā wahi hema me nā hōʻina wela, he mea pono ke makemake i ka kanu kanu, no ka mea, inā ʻoe e hana i kēia i ka puna, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka manawa ʻōpiopio i ka aʻa a hoʻoikaika i mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi paʻu sultry. I kēia hihia, pono ia e loaʻa i ka wai hoʻohui hou a me ka kūkulu ʻana i nā pā ʻōkole mai ka lā wela.

I nā'āina'ē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻopili i nā kanu kanu. ʻO ka hua kanu i kanu ʻia i ka pūnāwai i ka kauwela he manawa ia e aʻai maikaʻi ai, hāʻawi i ka ulu, loaʻa i ka ikaika no ka hoʻoilo mua. I nā kūlana ʻelua, ua koho ʻia ka manawa no ke kanu ʻana i hoʻomaha ʻia nā mea kanu. I ka pūnāwai - a hiki i ka manawa e kū ai ka kahe wai (hiki i kēia ke hoʻoholo i ka ʻōpū o nā ʻōpū), a i ka hāʻule - i hope o kona kū ʻana (ma hope o ka lau o ka lau).

Hoʻopau kēia mau lula i ka hihia o ke kanu ʻana i nā hua kanu me kahi ʻōnaehana kumu (ACS) wehe. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kanu me kahi pūnaehana pani (ZKS) i kēlā me kēia manawa i ka manawa ulu e ulu mai ʻApelila a ʻOkakopa.

Aia kahi e kanu ai i kahi lāʻau'ōlepa ma kahi pūnaewele

ʻO kēia ka nīnau nīnau mua e pono ai e hoʻoponopono ʻia i ka wā e hoʻomaka ana i ke kanu ʻana i kahi lāʻau āpau. ʻO ke olakino o ka mea kanu, hiki ke ola kona ola a me ka piʻi o ka hua i ke koho kūpono ʻana o ka wahi a me nā kūlana e ulu ana. DNo ka lāʻau āpau, pono ke koho i kahi e mālama pono ʻia mai nā makani ʻākau. Hiki i kēia pale ke lawelawe i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, nā pā a me nā paia o nā hale i kūkulu ʻākau a i ʻole ʻākau-komohana o ka pae ʻāina. Eia nō hoʻi, ʻo ka mamao iā lākou ʻaʻole ia e hana. Hāʻawi ka lāʻau lāʻau i ka maikaʻi o ka lā a me nā ea.

Ua ulu maikaʻi nā lāʻau Apple i nā wahi i hoʻomālamalama maikaʻi a hōʻuluʻulu ʻia me nā pale kūlohelohe e kū mai i ka makani northerly anu.

Ma ka ʻāpana o ka pale, aia kahi hopena o nā hopena, ka elongation o nā lāʻau, a me ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka dampness, e alakaʻi ana i nā maʻi like ʻole. No ke kumu like, ʻaʻole hiki ke koho i nā kahe wai, nā ʻōpala. ʻAʻole kūpono hoʻi nā kīmaha me kahi kokoke (a hiki i 1-2 mau mika). ʻO ka koho koho maikaʻi loa ma kahi papa ma kahi liʻiliʻi (10-15 °) hema, hema a kūpaʻa hema paha.

Hiki paha ke kanu i kahi kumulāʻau ʻōpuni ma kahi o kahi kahiko

ʻO ka pane maʻalahi ʻaʻole. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua lilo ka lepo a ua hōʻemi loa i nā makahiki he nui. Eia kekahi, hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia nā mea paʻa e nā kumu o ke kumulāʻau kahiko, me nā pathogens a me nā pōpoki, e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i loko o nā helu.

Inhibitor (lat. Inhibere "lōlani") - ka inoa maʻamau o nā mea e hoʻokaumaha ai a hoʻoluhi paha i nā kaʻina o ka physiological a me ka physico-chemical (ka nui o nā enzymatic).

Wikipedia

//ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingibitor

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu ʻana i kahi hua lāʻau ma ka hoʻomaha hoʻomaha ma hope o ʻekolu a ʻehā mau makahiki o ka ulu ʻana i ka manure a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu like ʻole. Me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka nui, hiki iā ʻoe, ke aʻo ʻana e ʻeli i kahi lua nui, hoʻopiha me ka nui o nā pupuk, macro- a me nā microelements, a pēlā aku ʻoe e hana ikaika ai a ʻaʻole paʻa ka hopena. ʻO ka nui a ka lua nui, i kekahi mau makahiki o nā aʻa ke aʻa ma mua. A i ʻole ke kanu ʻana i kahi māla hou, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e koho i kahi ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka mea kahiko.

Ke kanu lāʻau lāʻau mamao mai ka pa

ʻO ka mamao o ka kanu ʻana mai nā pā kokoke mai ka hoʻopuni ʻana e nā luna o nā wahi a i ʻole ka poʻe kaukau o nā hui hortikūlani a me nā limahana. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻae ʻia nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe e kanu ʻia ʻaʻole kokoke mai ʻehā mau māka, a ua kākiu nā lāʻau aʻae kokoke i ʻelua mau mita i ka palena o ke kahua.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā lāʻau lāʻau lāʻau

ʻO ka pinepine, ua kanu nā kumulāʻau i nā lālani i ka māla. Pono ka mamao ma waena o lākou e hōʻoluʻolu i ka mālama pono ʻana, nā kukui maikaʻi a me ka pono hoʻi o nā mea kanu. ʻO ka koho huakaʻi maikaʻi loa aia kahi i loaʻa ai nā lālani mai ka hikina a i ke komohana. I kēia hihia, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā kūlana mālamalama kūpono loa. Ua koho ʻia ka mamao ma waena o nā lālani mai ʻekolu a ʻehā mau mika no ka nui o ka lāʻau nati me ke aniani ʻona liʻiliʻi, i ʻeono i ʻehiku mauʻanuʻu no ka ulu nui o nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻomoe ka laha kanu ma 0.8-1.5 mika no nā māla kolamu a hiki i ʻeono mau mika i ka hihia o nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe me ka lei nui.

ʻO nā hoalauna maikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi o ke kumulāʻau lāʻau

E hui maikaʻi nā lāʻau ʻo Apple me nā ʻano hua like a, i lalo o nā ʻōlelo kanu i luna, e ulu mālie a hoʻohua. ʻO nā hoalauna maikaʻi kūleʻa loa:

  • ʻai;
  • quince;
  • Cherryau
  • a hu.

Akā he mau hoa noho makemake ʻole ʻole. I kēia:

  • he pua;
  • sea ​​buckthorn;
  • viburnum;
  • elderberry;
  • Hoʻohui;
  • thuja;
  • lāʻau paina.

ʻĀpō lāʻau ʻona

Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ia nei ka lāʻau o ka lāʻau nui a hiki ke ulu ma luna o kahi lepo. Akā, he hāʻule kēia. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, pono kēia moʻomeheu i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka lepo, ma ia mea e hōʻike ʻia ai nā hopena maikaʻi loa. No ka All-Russian Research Institute o Horticulture i kapa ʻia ʻo I.V. Michurin i kono aku i nā lepo no ka lāʻau ʻula me kēia mau ʻano.

  • ʻO kahi hāmeʻe, pālahalaha maikaʻi me nā mana o ka umauma capillary maikaʻi.
  • Hōʻike iki i kahi waikawa ma ka waena o ka pH 5.1-7.5.
  • Ke kalaiʻa aku ʻole ma mua o 12-15%.
  • ʻAi ʻole ka ʻike paʻakai, sulfate a me ka salinization klorization.
  • ʻO ka hana microbiological kiʻekiʻe i hui pū me ka manaʻo o ka humus ma kahi o 2%.

ʻOi loa, maikaʻi loa, loam, mau kālele a me ka chernozems e hoʻokō i kēia mau kūlana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻike loa ia i kahi hiki ke loaʻa kahi pūnaewele me ka lepo e hoʻokō nei i nā hōʻailona kikoʻī. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, he lōʻihi loa nā kūlana maoli mai kahi kūpono.

Pehea e kanu ai i kahi kumulāʻau apple

E kanu i kahi lāʻau ʻōpala, pono ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi lua kanu a me kahi hua o nā ʻano i wae ʻia. Hoʻomoe ʻo ka māla hale i ka lua ma luna o kāna mea, a ulu ka mea kanu i ka mea mālama i ka mea kanu a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻuʻuku.

Ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lua no ka kanu ʻana i kahi hua lāʻau

I kekahi hihia, pono e mākaukau pono ka lua no ka kanu ʻana, ma kahi o nā hebedoma 3-4 i ka kanu ʻana o ka ʻohi, a no ke kanu kanu ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ia i ka hāʻule. ʻO kēia no ka mea, hiki ʻole i ka wā puna ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau i ka lua i ka manawa, a ʻoiai ke ʻano o ke ʻano o nā pae ma ke ʻano, a laila e uku nui ʻia ka mākaukau. Ma nā ʻāina momona maikaʻi, ʻo ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lua ʻāina ʻaʻole paʻakikī. Pono ʻoe e eli i kahi lua maʻamau me ka laula o 60-70 cm a me ka hohonu like. Kāwili i ka lepo i kāohi ʻia me nā ʻohi a waiho ʻia i loko o ka lua. ʻO kekahi hapa o humus a me peat, a me 0,5 mau pahu o ka lehu lāʻau a me ka 200-300 mau pā o ka superphosphate no ka pā kanu, ua hoʻohui ʻia i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka lepo.

Pehea e kanu ai i kahi lāʻauʻalaka inā kokoke i ka wai

ʻO ka kokoke loa o ka wai hohonu kahi mea iʻikeʻole ai i ke kanu i kahi lāʻau āpau. I kekahi mau hihia, hiki nō naʻe kēia - ke koi ʻia kahi ala pilikino ma ʻaneʻi. I ka maʻalahi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i ke koho kūpono loa o nā ʻano ʻano. Pono ʻoe e ʻike he ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau, ka hohonu hohonu o kona aʻa a me ka maʻalahi o ka pane ʻana mai i ka wai. E like me ke kulana, ua kau nā hua ʻōpala ma luna o nā mea kanu semi-dwarf a he 1.5 mau moka ka hohonu, a, no laila, ʻaʻole lākou e pane i ka wai i lalo o kēia pae. No nā kumulāʻau ʻōpala a me nā keriki dwarf, ua emi iki kēia helu - hoʻokahi wale nō mita.

ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hua lāʻau, nui ka lalo o ka wai lalo

Eia kekahi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāla i ka mea kanu i kekahi kiʻekiʻe ma ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi puʻu embankment 0.6-1 mika kiʻekiʻe a me 1-2 mau anawa ka lōʻihi.

Me kahi wahi kokoke o ka wai hohonu, hiki ke kanuʻia nā lāʻau hua lāʻau ma nā puʻu ʻōpala

A ʻo ke kolu, ʻoi loa ke kumukūʻai, ʻo ke ala ka kahe ʻana o ka wahi holoʻokoʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻoihana o ka hoʻoheheʻe. ʻAʻohe nōʻike hāpai ʻole ʻia e pili ana i kēia pilikia. Wahi a nā kūlana kūikawā, koho ʻia kekahi hoʻolālā - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lawelawe o nā loea i kēia manawa.

Ke kanu nei ka lāʻau lāʻau ma kahi papa lepo

ʻO ka pilikia me kēia kūlana, ʻaʻohe hana o ka lepo one i nā mea momona a me ka hiki ke mālama i ka wai. No laila, ʻo ka hana o ka mea māla ma ia pūnaewele e hoʻopau pono i kēia mau hemahema. I mea e hōʻoia pono ai i ka ʻai, e ʻeli ai i kahi kīʻaha o ka nui o ka nui e hiki ai i ka lāʻau ʻōlapa.

ʻO ka noho ʻana i ka lua ma ke one mei ʻia ka nui ma mua o nā lepo maʻamau

I koʻu wā i ke kauwela kauwela ma luna o ka pā palapala, no ka waiho ʻana i ka māla ua ʻuʻuku au i nā punana 120 cm hohonu a me ka pākahi. Ma ka papa o lalo ua kau wau i kahi papa o ka pālolo ʻulaʻula me ka mānoanoa o 20 mau kenimika, ua lawelawe ʻia he mea pani ʻia e mau ka umu. Hoʻopili wau i ke koena o ka leo me ka chernozem import, hoʻopili ana i nā ʻāpana me nā pipi pipi a me ka pit. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike o kēia mau māhele he 3: 1: 1. E hoʻomākāka wau ʻaʻole i pili kēia kuʻina no ka ʻike ʻike ʻepekema, akā no ka loaʻa a me ke kumu kūʻai o nā kumuwaiwai. Ke nānā nei i mua, ʻike wau i kēia ʻano hana o ke kanu ʻana ua ʻāpono ʻia a ua ulu nā hua ʻōpala i kēia ala a ulu a hua mai nā hua i ka mau makahiki ʻeiwa ma hope aku. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ke ʻoki nei ka poʻe hou i ka hua, akā he moʻolelo ʻē aʻe.

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he keu ka nui o ka mana i waiho ʻia i loko o ka luawai i ka wā e lele ana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻoiaʻiʻo ia no ke ola. No laila, ʻo nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia ma nā ʻāina kapuna i ka wā e hiki mai ana e koi hou i ka lole ʻana o luna.

Ke kanu nei i nā kumulāʻau lepo ma ka lepo lepo

ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka māla Clay kahi koho maikaʻi loa no kahi lāʻau ʻōmaʻomaʻo, akā naʻe, ma ke noi ʻana i nā hana e hiki ke ulu ʻia. Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kēia hihia, pono ka nui o ka lua kanu, e like me ka ʻāina o ke one. ʻO ia wale nō ka mea e pono ai e hoʻokō me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka diameter o ka lua, ʻaʻole i kona hohonu. E like me ke kānāwai, e hoʻomaka ana kahi papa o ka pālolo paʻa ma ka hohonu o 40-50 mau kenimika. He mea lawa e eli ai ke lua a me kahi hohonu ma mua aʻe o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pae pālolo ma o 15-20 kenimika. ʻO ia ka lōlō ʻana e hoʻopiha ʻia me kahi papa luaʻi o ka ʻōpala i haki ʻia, ka ʻaki lepo, ka pālala pākani, a pēlā aku ka laulā o ka lua ma waena o 100-150 kenimika. Inā hoʻomaka ka pālolo ma kahi hohonu (10-30 mau kenimika), a laila ʻaʻole e hōʻeha ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka puʻu, e like me ka hopena kokoke o ka wai. Hoʻomau maikaʻi ʻia ka hoʻohuihui ʻana no ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka lua i nā ʻano like like me nā mea ma mua, akā no ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke ʻano loʻo e hoʻonui i ka 25% o ka one kahawai kaheʻe.

Ma koʻu hale liʻiliʻi (hikina Ukraine) kahi lepo ka lepo. Aia kahi papa pālolo ma kahi hohonu o 40-50 sentimeter. I kēia makahiki ua hōʻoki au i kahi lāʻau ʻalemona kahiko a maʻi ʻole. I ka wā aʻu e hoʻomaka ai e huki iā ia, ʻike wau i kekahi mea hoihoi - i kekahi mau aʻa o ke kumulāʻau ʻona me ke anawaena o kahi 7-8 mau kenimika neʻe pākiha mai ka ʻala o nā wahi mamao, he nui loa ka piʻi ʻana o ka aila o ka lei. A ua loaʻa lākou ma nā laina pololei ma ka laina hoʻokaʻawale o nā lau momona a me nā pālolo. Mai kēia mai ua hiki iā mākou ke pau i ka manaʻo ʻole e hana i nā lua hohonu i loko o ia ʻāina. Eia nō naʻe, aia ka kumu nui o ka lepo.

Pehea e kanu ai i kahi kumulāʻau ʻōpala ma ka lepo peat

Loaʻa pinepine nā kāʻai o Peat i kahi kokoke i kaʻikepili. No laila, pono e hoʻomoka ʻia ma o ka huki ʻana i nā luawai e hoʻohana ana i ka māla māla. ʻO ka ʻāpana lua e pono ai ke nānā ʻia, ʻo ia ka paʻakai o ka lepo. He ʻumi paha ia ma mua o kēia - ʻie nā maʻamau o nā ʻōpala peat. I kēia hihia, no kona deoxidation, ʻo ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka lime lime a i ʻole ka palaoa dolomite ma ka nui o ka 0,5 kg / m e koi ai.2. ^ E Ha yM. Eono mahina ma hope o ke noi ʻana, hana ʻia kahi kāohi mana o ka waikawa a, inā pono, e ʻike hou ka hana. Inā he 40 mau kenimika ka papelau ma luna, a laila pono ʻoe e hoʻohui i ka one kahawai i ka lepo i ka pae o 4 m3 ma 100 m2. A ma waho aʻe, pono ke kō.

  • ʻO humus ma kahi ana o 4-6 kg / m2;
  • superphosphate - 150-200 g / m2;
  • lehu lāʻau - 3-5 l / m2.

Pehea e kanu ai i kahi kumulāʻau ʻōpala ma ka lepo

Nui nā wahi me ka lepo stony, ma kahi o ka papakū i luna ka nui o ka mānoanoa ʻaʻole he hapa o ka 10-15 sentimeter. Ma hope o laila he pilina ikaika o ka podzol, gravel a i ʻole ka pohō pōhaku lepo. I ka waenakonu o ke kenekulia hope, ua hele mai nā māla ʻo Siberia me ke ala maikaʻi e kanu ai i nā kumulāʻau i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole loa. ʻO I. Petrakhilev ("ʻO ko mākou ʻike i ke kanu ʻana i nā kumulāʻau hua", "Home Garden" No. 9, 1958) i wehewehe ʻia i kahi ala kūpono e kā pono ai ke kanu i nā kumulāʻau lāʻau. A penei penei:

  1. Ma kahi i koho ai lākou e eli ai (hollow out) kahi lua me ke anawaena o 60-70 cm a me ka hohonu (inā makemake ʻia, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia mau ʻōuli).
  2. Pahu ʻia nā kime ʻelua kūlū a hiki i ʻehā mau lōʻihi i ka ʻeli ʻia ma waena o ka lua. ʻO ka laulā a me ka hohonu o ka ʻōpala he 40 cm.
  3. Ninini ʻia ka hualoa hopena me kahi ʻano palaki.
  4. Ma nā māka ʻehā o nā ʻāpana hemo i kahi mamao o 60 cm mai ke kikowaena o ka lua, nā fascias kūlia i hana ʻia i nā koʻokoʻo me ka lōʻihi o 1.5-3 cm a me ka lōʻihi o 40 cm.

    ʻO ke ala o ke kanu ʻana i nā kumulāʻau i nā ʻōpala e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā kumulāʻau maikaʻi ma nā lāʻau a me nā kumu lāʻau haʻahaʻa

  5. Ma ka waenakonu o ka lua kanu, ua kanu ʻia kahi mea kanu e like me nā lula ma mua, i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei.

Ma hope mai, ma o ka umu, e komo pololei nā hulu āpau i nā aʻa, a hāʻawi ʻia nā mea kanu wai ma o lākou lā. No ka lei kolohe o nā mea hoihoi, ua uhi ʻia lākou me nā ʻāpana o nā pale, a i ka hoʻoilo, ua uhi ʻia lākou me ka pit. ʻO kā lākou lawelawe lawelawe ma mua o ʻekolu mau makahiki, ma hope o ke kau ʻia ʻana o nā mea hou hou, akā i kēlā me kēia mai ke kikowaena, ʻoiai e ulu ana nā aʻa ma ke kolu.

Fashina (Kelemania Faschine mai lat. Fascis - "pūʻulu o nā koʻokoʻo, ka paio") - kahi pūʻulu o nā koʻokoʻo, kahi paio o ka lāʻau, a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā koʻikoʻi i ka lāʻau (knnni), nā kaula a me nā wīwī paha.

Wikipedia

//ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashina

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka ʻike i ka kanu ʻana i nā kumulāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau lāʻau ʻē aʻe e hoʻopiʻi hou ʻia e nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe ma Siberia. A ua hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i kēia ala ma nā palapala pilikia ʻē aʻe - pālolo, ke one a me ka nahu.

Ke kanu ʻana i nā kumulāʻau puna i loko o ka pūnāwai me nā hua kanu, e komo pū ai

Ke koho ʻia kahi e kanu ai, hiki iā ʻoe ke hele i ke koho a kūʻai mai i nā pua. I ka manawa like, pono e hāʻawi i nā makemake i nā ʻano zoned ma ka ʻāina kanu, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai aku iā lākou i ka hāʻule. I kēia manawa, loaʻa kahi mākaʻi nui o nā hua ʻai e nā kahu hipa a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka koho. I ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi hua kanu me ACS, koho ʻia kahi mea kanu 1-2 makahiki mau makahiki, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka maikaʻi o nā pākeke kahiko. ʻO nā mea kanu me ZKS, aia i loko o ka pahu, hiki i lalo o ka makahiki o ʻehā makahiki. Kuhi ʻia nā lāʻau kahiko me kahi ʻōpala o ka honua i kau ʻia i ka pahu metala. No ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻoilo o nā mea kanu me ZKS e koi ai i ka kūlana o nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo pōmaikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai aku iā lākou i ka pūnāwai - ka lūlū o ka makahiki kanu.

Pehea e mālama ai i kahi huakaʻi ma mua o ke kanu ʻana

ʻO ka hua huila i kūʻai ʻia me ACS e waiho a hiki i ka pūnāwai. Hiki ke hana i kēia ma ke eli o ka mea kanu ma ka māla. E hana i kēia:

  1. E kāwili i ka lua me kahi hohonu o 25-35 sentimeter a me ka lōʻihi seedling.
  2. Hoʻopili ʻia kahi papana o ke one 10-15 mau kenimika ma lalo o ka lua a e hoʻoheheʻe ai.
  3. Kii ʻia nā aʻa ʻili i loko o kahi pala lepo.

    Ma mua o ka waiho ʻana, e kāwī ʻia nā aʻa o nā hua kanu i kahi luʻu palolo.

  4. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea kanu i ka lua i kokoke me ke aniani, e kau ana i nā aʻa ma luna o ke one, a e kākoʻo ʻia ka luna ma luna o ka lua.
  5. E kāpīpī i nā aʻa me ka one palupalu, a ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o nā hua palala, ua uhi ʻia ka lāʻau āpau i ka honua, waiho wale ma ka lei aliʻi ma luna o ka ʻili.

    Mālama ʻia nā ʻōpio me kahi ʻōnaʻi hāmeʻa a hala a hiki i ka pūnāwai i ka ʻaukā

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ho'ōla i nā hua kanu i loko o kahi pālaa i ka mahana o 0- + 3 ° C, e mālama pono ana e hānai ʻia nā aʻa, no ka laʻana, e uhi ana iā lākou me ka pulu a ʻāwī paha.

Ke kanu ʻana i kahi hua kanu ma ka ʻāina ma ka pūnāwai

I ka manawa kanu, lawe lākou i kahi huaā mai ke keʻena, e nānā iā ia, a inā hoʻonohonoho nā mea āpau me lākou, hoʻomaka lākou e kanu. ʻO ke ʻano no ke kanu ʻana i nā hua a kanu ʻia nā hua kanu a me nā hua ʻōlelo aʻe:

  1. Hoʻomaʻa ʻia ka ʻaoʻao kumu no kekahi mau hola i ka wai me ka hoʻohui o kahi mea hoʻoulu ulu a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke aʻa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana iā Kornevin, Heteroauxin, Zircon, Epin, etc.
  2. I kēia manawa, e hoʻomākaukau i ka lua no ka kanu ʻana. I kēia hopena:
    1. Hoʻohālikili ʻia kahi lua ma ke kikowaena o ka lua kanu e like me ka nui o ka ʻōnaehana o ka hua huʻa.
    2. Ke mamao aku nei mai ke kikowaena ma kahi mamao o 10-15 sentimeter, kahi kiʻekiʻe ma kahi kiʻekiʻe 1-1.2 mika ka nui.
    3. Hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi puʻu liʻiliʻi o ka lua i loko o ka lua.
  3. Hoʻohele ʻia ka hua kanu i loko o ka lua, e kau ana i nā aʻa ma luna o ka puʻu a i luna ke kumu o ka aʻa ma luna ma kona poʻo, a ua hoʻopuʻi ʻia i nā aʻa pololei i nā kuʻupu.
  4. A laila, makemake ʻia ke kōkua o ke kanaka ʻē, ka mea e hoʻopiha piha i nā aʻa i ka honua, i kēlā me kēia manawa. Ma muli o kēia mea, pono ke kūpono i ka ʻāʻī o ke aʻa ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lepo a e ala aʻe ma luna o ia ma o 2-3 kenimika. Mai ʻae i ka hohonu o ka ʻoki kumu. Pono e loaʻa i kahi o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā hua i hui ʻia ma luna o ka ʻāina. E kūpono ka kāohi i ka hohonu o ka ʻāina e hoʻohana ana i ke kahe.

    He kūpono ia e kāohi i ka hohonu o ka ʻāina e hoʻohana ana i kahi kahe a me ke koʻokoʻo

  5. Ma hope o ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā lua, hoʻopaʻa lākou i ka mea kanu i ka pā me ke kōkua o kahi mea elastic e hiki ʻole ai ke kaomi i ka ʻeke.
  6. Hoʻololi ʻia kahi pōʻai ʻole kokoke e ka wai me ka wai o ka ʻāina i hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia i nā aʻa a ʻaʻohe nā sinuses o ka lewa i loko o ke aʻa. ʻO ka maʻamau, no kēia hana, ua hoʻopiha ʻia kahi pōpoki truncated i 2-3 mau manawa i ka wai ma hope o ka hoʻopili piha ʻana.

    Wahi a ke anawaena o ka luawai pae, hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kihi kokoke i ka nui o ka wai o ka wai

  7. Hoʻokiʻoki ʻia ka mea kanu i ke kiʻekiʻe o 60-100 centimeter, a me nā lālā (inā kekahi) e hōʻoki ʻia e ka 30-40%.

Pehea e kanu ai i nā kumulāʻau lāʻau me kahi ʻōnaehana pani paʻa, i komo ai i loko o nā ʻupena

ʻO ka kanu ʻana me nā ZKS he ʻokoʻa i ka kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu maʻamau. E makaʻala kākou i kekahi nuances:

  • Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā hua kanu me nā ZKS, e kū ana i ia mau lā i loko o ka māla me ka ʻole e lawe ʻia mai ka pahu. I ka manawa like, pono e shaded. ʻAʻole pono nā mea kanu i ka hoʻoilo ma ke alanui, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī. I nā kūlana i ulu ai nā mea kanu, pono ʻoe e nīnau i ka mea kūʻai aku i ka manawa kūʻai.
  • Hoʻomaka ʻia ka lua ma loko o ka pu kalaka e like me ka nui o ka coma o ka honua, e nānā ana i ke ʻano o ka makemake o kahi o ka ʻāʻī aʻa.
  • I mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai i ke kao o ke kaao kumu me ka ʻōpū o ka lepo mai ka pahu i kahi mau hola i mua o ke kanu ʻana, e hoʻoulu ʻia ana ka wai, akā, mai ka ʻohi ʻōpala ʻaʻole pono e moekoe kekahi. I kekahi mau hihia, pono paha e ʻoki i ka ipu inā i paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka seedling.

    Kanu ʻia nā hua kanu me kahi ʻōnaehana paʻa piha i kahi ʻōpū o ka honua

  • I nā hihia ʻaʻole kahi o ke aʻa ma ka pahu, akā i paʻa i ka burlap a i ʻole ʻoi ʻole mesh, ua kanu ʻia ka seedling me ke kī ʻole ʻole. Pahu i ka papahele i mea e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia iho i kekahi mau makahiki a ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokau i ka pilikia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke aʻa.
  • Inā mālama ʻia ke kanu ʻana i ke kauwela, a laila ma ka mua pono e lūlū ʻia ka mea kanu a hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau ʻia no ka lawena ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.

Pehea e kanu ai i kahi lāʻauʻala ma ka pūnāwai me nā ʻokiʻoki

ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kumulāʻau ke ʻano paʻakikī i ke aʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i nā meaʻokoʻa, i ka laulā ke hoʻonui i nā aʻa, ʻoiai ʻo kekahi e ulu a maikaʻi aʻe. ʻAʻole i haʻi ʻia nā kumu i nā ʻano kikoʻī kūpono no kēia ʻano ulu ʻana, no laila, aia kahi kahua no ka hoʻokolohua. Ua ʻōlelo nā loiloi he lāʻau maikaʻi loa nā hua lāʻau pākana-liʻiliʻi i nā ʻokiʻoki, akā me nā hopena kūleʻa nui-fruited ka liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻoi loa ka hopena e hoʻomōhala ʻia ai ka ulu ʻana o nā mea ulu a hormonal i ʻokiʻoki. A penei penei:

  1. ʻAʻole i hala ma mua o ʻelua mau mahina ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kahe wai (maikaʻi ma ka hopena o Dekemaba), kahi pua maikaʻi maikaʻi, lignified i ka wā o 1-2 mau makahiki ua koho ʻia ma ka lāʻau ʻōpala.
  2. E wāwahi ia ʻole ka hōʻino ʻana i ka ʻili. Hiki i kekahi mau hōʻeha ma ka pana - ma ka hopena, pono ke loaʻa ka ʻoki loa 15-20 cm
  3. Ma hope o kēia, ua uhi ʻia ka wahi o ka hakahaka me nā kaila uila, kahi plaster, etc.
  4. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi pana wana i loko o kahi piiki a waiho ʻia ma kēia kūlana a hiki i ka pūnāwai. I kēia manawa, kuhikuhi ka mea kanu i nā mea e ulu ana i ka hormonal i ka wahi i hōʻino ʻia, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka haʻalulu.

    No ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka paʻa o nā mea ulu o ka hormonal i nā ʻokiʻoki, hana ʻia kekahi mau hōʻea i nā ʻoki, i hoʻopuni ʻia me ka kaula uila a paʻa i kēia kūlana a hiki i ka puna

  5. Ma Malaki - ʻApelila, hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka lopa, ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki i nā wahi o ka haki a waiho ʻia me ka lalo haʻahaʻa i kahi pahu me ka ua a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai i ninini ʻia i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 6 kenimika. Ua hoʻohiolo mua ʻia nā papa ʻelua o ka carbon carbon i ka wai.
  6. Ma hope o kahi o 20-25 mau lā, pono e kūleʻa ʻia kahi kāhea callus a hoʻomaka e ulu.

    Ma hope o kahi o 20-25 mau lā, pono e kū ʻia ke callus thickening a hoʻomaka e ulu a ulu.

  7. A hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke aʻa ka 5-6 cm, kanu ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki ma kahi ākea.
  8. No ka manawa mua, no kā lākou hoʻonui maikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻokiʻoki, hana ʻia kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo improvised i kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, kahi bolo ʻokiʻoki me kahi ʻoki ʻoki a i kahi pahu wai paha.

    No ka manawa mua, no ka ʻoi ʻana o ke ʻano o ka ʻokiʻoki, kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo improvised i hana ʻia i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a i ʻole hoʻi i pihi paha

  9. Me ka hoʻoulu pinepine a me ka pale ʻana i nā lā wela, e hoʻopau koke i ka aʻa a ulu.

Ke kanu nei i nā kumulāʻau āpau me ʻokiʻoki mau

ʻO ka hoʻouluʻana o nā kālai lāʻau'ōmaʻomaʻo e kūpono i ke kauwela. No kēia mau pahuhopu, hoʻohana i nā lālā o ka ulu o kēia manawa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaʻina e hoʻomaka i ka wā o Iune a ua like kēia:

  1. I ke kakahiaka, ke oki a kūleʻa nā lā ʻōpio 20-30 cm me secateurs.
  2. Hoʻokiʻoki ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki nona he 3-4 mau ʻoki mai nā ʻaoʻao waena o nā lālā. I kēia hihia, hana koke ʻia ka ʻoki haʻahaʻa ma lalo o ka peʻomaʻi, a ʻo ka mea o luna ka mea o luna o ka i waho.
  3. Hoʻokiʻoki ʻia nā ʻāpana 1-2 i lalo, a ua ʻoki ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻelua i lalo i ka hapalua e hōʻemi i ka ʻuʻana.
  4. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā ʻoki i loko o kahi pahu a ma ka māla. I kekahi hihia, pono ʻoe:
    1. E hoʻomākaukau i ka ʻāina hoʻolaʻa maikaʻi maikaʻi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka humus a i ʻole ka compost.
    2. E ninini i kahi ʻāpana o ke one 5 cm ka laulā ma luna o ka lepo a hoʻomoʻi maikaʻi.
    3. E hoʻopiha i kahi pā wela i ka pā pua a me kahi kiʻi ʻokoʻa ma luna o ka moena a i ʻole ka pahu e hana i ka nui o ka humuhumu.
    4. Kōleʻa i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
  5. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻoki ʻōpala i ka nāhele ʻōpū no 1-2 cm, e hoʻomōhala ana i 1-2 mau hina.

    Ma mua o ka hake ʻana, pono e mālama ʻia nā mea ʻalaʻula i loko o kahi kālima.

  6. Ma luna o kēia, ua pau ke ʻano o ka kanu ʻana i nā lāʻau kūlohelohe. ʻO ka hana aʻe, pono ʻoe e wehe maʻamau i ka home no ka papalua i ka hebedoma a hoʻopau i ka ʻokiʻoki me ka wai. Ma hope o ka huki ʻana, wehe ʻia ke kālele.

Wikiō: ʻokiʻoki ʻoki mau ʻana

Pehea e kanu ai i kahi hua ʻāpala

ʻO ka ulu ʻana i kahi hua lāʻau mai kahi hua he hopena lōʻihi a me nā hopena i loaʻa ʻole ʻia. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i ka lāʻau ʻono a maikaʻi loa, a me kahi pāʻani hihiu maikaʻi maʻamau. ʻO ka maʻamau pinepine ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia e kēia mea hoʻouluulu e hoʻohālikelike i nā hua hou, ʻo kahi like hoʻi o nā mea kanu i loaʻa i nā lāʻau. No kēlā mau māla e makemake nei e hoʻāʻo e ulu i kahi kumulāʻau ʻuʻakai mai kahi hua, eia kahi kumu nui o kēia kaʻina.

  1. Ma mua e pono ʻoe e kiʻi i ka hua. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e lawe i nā hua ʻōpala mai ke kāwili o ka lei.
  2. E mālama pono i nā hua a hoʻohilahila iā lākou. Koho ʻia nā ʻāpana e hoʻokō nei i nā ʻano koina penei:
    • Kākau.
    • Hoʻopato piha.
    • ʻO ka loaʻa kala ʻula.

      No ka lūlū, ua wae ʻia nā hua ʻōpili mai kahi ʻōpala piha

  3. E holoi i nā hua ʻili i ka wai mahana, e hoʻoikaika ikaika iā lākou me kahi lāʻau lāʻau no kekahi mau minuke. E hana hou i ke kaʻina hana i ʻekolu mau manawa i ka wai. ʻO ke kumu o kēia hana, ʻo ia ka wehe ʻana i ka papa pale loko e pale i ka hoʻoulu ʻia.
  4. E hoʻolōʻihi i nā hua no 3-4 mau lā, e hoʻololi i ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā.
  5. E hoʻomākeo i nā hua a hiki i ka paakiki.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā hua lāʻau ma ka home

No ka stratification, hoʻonoho ʻia nā hua i loko o kahi māla i hoʻohuihui ʻia i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai ka peat a me ke one ma kahi pālahalaha o 1: 3. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā huaʻala me kekahi. I kēia ʻano, pono lākou i loko o ka mahana o ka lumi no kahi pule. Ma hope o kēia, ua kauʻia ka lepo me nā huaʻai i loko o ka friji no 2-3 mau mahina. ʻO ka mahana wela loa no kēia +4 ° C.

No ka stratification, ua kau ʻia nā hua me ke substrate i loko o ka friji no 2-3 mau mahina

Ke kanu nei i nā māla Apple

E like me ke kānāwai, kanu ʻia nā hua i loko o nā pahu kūpono e loaʻa ana kahi lalo, kahi e waiho ai kahi papakū wai liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopiha ʻia ka pahu me nā chernozem, a laila hana ʻia nā puʻu he 2 cm hohonu ma kona papa me ke anawaena o 15-20 cm.ʻO ke kulu kanu ʻana he 2-3 cm. Ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana, hoʻomele ʻia ka lepo.

Video: pehea e ulu ai i kahi apu mai ka pōhaku

Ke ʻano o ke kanu ʻana i nā kumulāʻau ʻehā

I kēia mau lā, ua lohe nā mea he nui o nā kīhāpai kahiko, kahi e ulu ai nā kumulāʻau a hoʻohua hua i hoʻokahi haneri a keu paha mau makahiki, e lawe mai ana i nā hua kiʻekiʻe. He aha ka ʻike huna o kēia lōʻihi? E hoʻāʻo kākou e nānā. Ka mea, ua ulu me nā hua lāʻau (a me nā mea kanu) mai nā hua kanu i kanu koke ʻia i kahi paʻa mau a ma hope a kanu ʻole ka mea kanu. Ma muli o ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o kona aʻa, like me ka hana maʻamau, e huli ke ʻano o ke aʻa i ke ʻano e like me ke koʻokoʻo, ʻaʻole fibrous. E hele nā ​​kumu a i nā hohonu hohonu a me nā makahiki hiki ke lōʻihi i kahi lōʻihi o nā ʻumi mile. ʻO ka maikaʻi o kēia hana, e loaʻa ka mea kanu mai ka lau o ka lepo hohonu a hiki ke hana me ka wai ʻole, me ka wā maloʻo. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole e pale ka ulu a kanu i ka hohonu nui a hoʻokumu ʻia i ka hoʻoilo a me ka nui o nā lehulehu aʻa i lalo i lalo. ʻO ka volumetric root mass e lilo i waihona hoʻokaʻawale i kahi nui o nā huahana photosynthesis, ʻo ia ke kī i ka huahana kiʻekiʻe.

No ka lulu, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā huaila o ke ʻano lāʻau mānoanoa, kahi e hoʻopili ʻia ai nā mea kanu. Eia nō hoʻi, ke koho ʻia kahi o nā pakanā i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1-1.2 mika aʻo ka ʻano o ka holoholona hihiu he ʻano kānana nui ia. ʻO kahi mea nui nui ka koho pono i ka pae ʻāina. No ka māla, ua koho mau nā māka i ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao hema a i hema hema-hema a me ke kahawai hema-hikina, i mālama ʻia mai ka ʻākau e nā wao nahele. Kūkulu ʻia nā kumulāʻau i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, pale i ka hala ʻana o ka wai.

A he mea liʻiliʻi e pili ana i nā mea pili i ka mālama - ʻo kahi mea nui ka mea nui o nā alan i ʻole i ʻoka i nā kīhāpai monastery. Noho mau ka ʻōpala a me nā lau i hāʻule i ka wahi, e hoʻomohala ana i nā ʻenehana mau makahiki o ka lepo momona me kahi moʻo kiʻekiʻe o ka humus.

Ke kanu lāʻau lāʻau ma nā wahi like

I ke aʻo ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai he nui, hiki iā mākou ke hōʻoiaʻiʻo i nā ʻano o nā loina a me nā lula no ka kanu ʻana i nā kumulāʻau ʻona ʻaʻole i hilinaʻi ʻia ma ka wahi o ka mea kanu. ʻO nā ʻokoʻa no nā ʻāina like ʻole i loko o nā ʻano i hoʻohana ʻia, a me nā lā kanu, e pili ana i nā kūlana climatic kikoʻī. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa i nā hana kanu, hilinaʻi i ka mea hoʻohui a me ke ʻano o ka lepo, ka pae o ka piʻi ʻana o ka wai lepo, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna.

Paleka: nā lā kanu kūpono e pili ana i nā kumulāʻau lāʻau a me kekahi mau ʻano loiloi no nā wahi like ʻole

WāhiNoho wāNā ʻano like ʻole
Ke kauwelaPaukūʻO ka hoʻoilo
ʻO ka waena waena o Rūsia, e komo pū me nā mokuna ʻo MoscowMa waena o ʻApelilaElena
Arkadyk;
Kovalenkovskoe		ʻAno i ke kāwili;
Muscovite;
Kālā ʻia		Saffron pepin;
Moscow ma hope iho;
ʻIke nui
Wā leningrad
KālaiMa hope o Aperila - Mei MeiʻUlaʻula pink;
Melba
Kāleau		ʻAno ʻula;
Lungwort;
Surhurai		Pervouralskaya;
Antonovka;
Ligol
SiberiaRanetka Ermolaeva;
Altai crimson;
Melba		Ke hoʻopiha keʻokeʻo;
Kahalole o Altai;
Hope
UkraineI ka hopena o Malaki - hoʻomaka o ʻApelilaMelba
Williams Pride;
Aū leona		ʻ Mlelo Mast;
Grandeur;
ʻIsterlau		Fuji
Ruby;
Ka ʻūleʻa aloha
BelarusKeʻala
Belarusian momona;
Minsk		Radiant;
Elena
Robin		Hoʻomaopopo ʻia
Antei;
Koshtel

Ke hoʻokau nei ka ʻikepili i loaʻa i ka hana, e hiki nō i kahi māla hoʻoikaika ikaika ke ulu i kahi lāʻau maikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi, a hiki i nā ʻano kumu kūpono ʻole. A inā ʻōlelo ʻo ia a pōmaikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi ka lepo ma luna o ke kahua, ua mamao loa ka wai, a aia ke ʻano kūlohelohe mai ka makani ʻĀkau, a laila ua kanu ʻia nā hua lāʻau āpau i nā loina a pau i luna e hana i nā makana kiʻekiʻe no ka ʻoi aku o hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki.

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