Ua kapa ʻia nā ʻōkuhi ma ka wē ma muli o ka mana nui - ua hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i loko o ka ʻili o ka lāʻau make a ola a ola ʻole. Ke luku nei i nā selulose a me nā polysaccharides hou, e hoʻohana iā lākou no kā lākou ulu pono a ulu i mua. ʻO lākou ka mahele o ka hui xylotroph.
Aia nā manu ākea a me ka loaʻa o kēia mau pua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka ʻepekema o mycology. Loaʻa nā ʻāpana maikaʻi i nā kānaka, loaʻa nā protein, nā huaora o nā hui B a me C, ke hao, ka ʻūkuna a me ka calcium. "Muer" - ʻo ia ka inoa Kina no ka ʻōpū lāʻau, lōʻihi a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i loko o nā papa ʻaina o Pan-Asian.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻalohi lāʻau
Nui nā ʻano lāʻau ulu e like me nā ʻulā o ka nahele, ʻoiai lākou e pili ana i nā lāʻau nāwaliwali a kōkua i ke koho kūlohelohe o nā ʻano maikaʻi. ʻO nā poʻomanaʻo o ia "orderlies" i ʻike ʻia iā mākou, no ka laʻana, he mau meli meli, e ulu maikaʻi ana me nā ʻōpala e kahi ʻohana nui a hoʻowalewale i ka poʻe ʻimi manu me kahi mea ʻalaʻono. Eia kekahi, he mea momona lākou, crispy, aloha nui e nā gourmets i kahi kiʻi i hana ʻia.
Manaʻo mākou i ka heluhelu ʻana i ka ʻatikala e pili ana i ka pulupulu melemele a pehea e hōʻiliʻili ai iā lākou a ma kahi o kā mākou pūnaewele.
Akā pū kekahi mau kumu kūlike e like ʻole me nā kuʻuna; ʻaʻohe ona a me kahi wāwae. Loaʻa a ʻike ʻia lākou e ko lākou ʻano a me ke ʻano, e hoʻomanaʻo ana iā mākou i nā mea e ʻike ai i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻAʻole i hele ka mea e hōʻiliʻili iā lākou a hoʻāʻo iā lākou, no laila ʻaʻole i ʻike pono nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia mau kikoʻī eccentric.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēlā mau xylotrophs e ka wehewehe ʻana o ko lākou helehelena:
- ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻiʻo (Askokorin ʻiʻo);
- Resin ma ke ʻano o kahi hāʻule (Gisionular excision);
- Hoʻōlū ka pahū;
- Kahu, spoon (Kalocera).
ʻOiai i waena o nā mola, aia nā palaʻai e ʻai i ko lākou mau hoahānau. No ka hoʻohālikelike, pākēnē-melemele hypokrey, e hānai ana i nā koloni o ka exidium a i ʻole tremor.
ʻO nā ʻōlima pōʻino weliweli no ka wao e pili ana i ka climacodon kūkulu ʻākau, kahi ʻelele o nā subspecies Trutovik. Ma o nā hana ʻino a hōʻoki ʻia, e komo ana i ke kino o kahi lāʻau olakino a luku loa iā ia i nā makahiki 4.
Pono nā māla lāʻau a me nā limahana māla e makaʻala i kēlā mau ʻano kanu, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopau loa i ka māla.
Nā ʻano ʻano kamaliʻi lāʻau
ʻ paylelo i nā ʻimi manu ʻole i nā ʻano ʻōiwi waho i loaʻa i ka nahele ma nā lāʻau o nā lāʻau i ʻoki ʻole a i ʻole nā maʻi, nā lāʻau i hina. Ma ke kauwela a me ke kauwela, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka poʻe pākeke o nā ʻōpio hoihoi hoihoi ʻia, ka wehewehe o ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei.
ʻO ka ʻiʻo Ascocorine
Hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa no ka mea ua like ke kino o nā hua i nā ʻiʻo o ka palahala māula-ʻulaʻula me nā papa i ʻoi aku ma kahi o ka centimeter i hui ʻia ma luna o hoʻokahi pākana. Loaʻa pinepine i nā ʻōpala o Birch. ʻAʻole ia he mea ʻala. ʻO ka helehelena palupalu e hoʻopōʻino i nā gourmets o ka mau pua, no laila ʻaʻole maopopo ka ʻono.
Biercandera
Nāhelehele i ka ʻohana o ka polypore, ʻokoʻa i ka ulu ʻoi i kahi makahiki hoʻokahi. ʻO ka ʻūpī o kahi hāleʻele ʻeleʻele i like ka like me ka pāpale nui o 3 cm ka nui. ʻO ka ʻiʻo ua palupalu, hina i ka ʻula, uliuli. ʻO kahi papaha nā spore-spi e hoʻokaʻawale i ka palena o ke kaohi mai ka pāpale aila ʻulaʻula, e like me ka māla a hina wale i nā kihi.
Hoʻokahele ʻia ma ka lāʻau make, kai make. He ʻono ia e like me kahi pūnū kuʻi maʻamau.
ʻŌpū palaka ʻuma
Ua haki koke nā kulu Oyster i loko o kā mākou ola, e hoʻoikaika nui ana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā kīʻaha he nui me nā ʻano lāʻau ʻehā o nā ʻōpū lāʻau. Ke ulu wikiwiki nei i loko o kahi nohona kūlohelohe, loaʻa kahi ʻono maikaʻi a me nā momona maikaʻi, ua lilo lākou i poʻe alakaʻi alakaʻi hewa ʻole. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā wā kanu i ka mahiʻai ʻola me nā hua manu. Ke ulu nei lākou ma nā ʻohana nui ma ke kahi o ka ola a me nā lāʻau hua make make.
Pono ʻoe e nānā iā lākou i ka pūnāwai a me ka lūlū i ka Crimea.
ʻO ke kino hua hua i kahi wāwae lōʻihi elastic a me kahi pāpale palupalu. Aia nā ʻōleʻa Oyster i kahi palette ʻāpana like ʻole - mai ke aniani hina i ka ʻulaʻula, a pau wale nā mea momona a ʻono loa.
Hypokrey
ʻO ka Sulfur melemele hypocrea he hakanui papa hānai kaumaha e hānai ana i nā ʻohana o ka ʻohana Drozhozhok (ʻoi loa ka lilo ʻana o ka gion glandular). Wahi a ia, nā wā a me nā wahi o ka ulu ʻana o kēia ʻano holoholona i pili me kā lākou "iʻa ʻia".
Ke loaʻa nei ma ke kino o ka mea hū, ulu ka hypokrey me nā wahi melemele he nui, a laila e hoʻohui pū i kahi hoʻokahi. Hoʻokomo ʻia ia wahi nui gula ma ke kino o kahi ʻōhai lāʻau me nā poloka ʻeleʻele - nā kino hua i ka spore. Kū like ia me ka mānoanoa pōkole, hoʻowahāwahā me ka nui o ka 1 a 15 cm.
ʻ mushlelo ʻaila Ram
ʻO kēia ʻōmaʻomaʻo wikiwiki ka ʻohana mai ka mea hoʻopuka ʻōna e kapa ʻia ʻo Curly Grifola. I ko mākou'āina, he lōʻai, aia wale nō ma nā ululāʻau poʻokela i nā lāʻau lāʻau a me nā ʻōpala. ʻO kēlā mau ʻōpū e kau ana ma kahi he 9-10 kg i loaʻa ma ke kūlohelohe.
ʻO nā hapa nui o nā wāwae wīwī o kahi ʻeke hipa ua lilo i mau pāpale brown me nā aniani a me nā pua hoʻi i poni ʻia ma nā kihi ʻāpana. Loaʻa i nā kino hua ʻona a me nā ʻono maikaʻi e like me nā nati.
No kēia mau waiwai, ua hoʻohana nui ka ʻūpī i ka kuke a ua lilo i kumu lapaʻau o nā kūlohelohe a nā kānaka no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi pulmonary.
Hoʻokomo ʻia
Loaʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, a hiki i ka 0,5 cm, o ka ʻono pua melemele. Aloha ʻo ia i ka wai, ka lepo a me ka pohō ʻana o nā ʻōpala o nā conifers, no laila ma ke kau malo ʻo ia ka peʻe i ka ʻā o kahi lāʻau i hāʻule ai, me he mea lā e pālahalaha ana, e pāloʻo.
Ma muli o ka hue melemene a me ka hoʻolālā, ke ʻano like me nā pūpū polū o ka polyurethane i hoʻopuehu ʻia me nā hāʻule liʻiliʻi ma kahi lāʻau. ʻAʻohe kino o ke kino o ka dacrimitses a me ke ala. He ʻike ʻia, akā ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea ʻino.
Kalocera sticky
Kahi ka noho ʻana i ka nahele ma luna o ka lāʻau i pala ʻole a noho i kēia wahi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ulu hou nā ʻuʻuku i kēia manawa.
Ua like ʻo Kalocera e like me ka hiʻi melemele kukui, i kekahi manawa a ʻulaʻula. Ke hōʻea nei i ka lōʻihi o 6 cm, nā ʻōnaehana pūlima o ka pūliki i hoʻonoho ʻia i ke kumu a "hoʻokumu" i kahi pua. Kēia ʻano hoʻohālikelike i ia mau lāʻau ma ka lāʻau pohō a pua i ke kauwela āpau.
ʻO kēlā me kēia mākeke i ka pākiki kīwī he mau ʻāpana kūʻai ʻo 2-3 koi.
ʻAʻole helu ʻia kēia ʻano kuapoina a mea ʻino ʻole ma muli o kona ʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka muer ka lau Kina
Ma ka inoa o kēia hīnaʻi ʻoluʻolu e waiho i kahi nui o ka ulu ʻana - Kina, akā i kekahi manawa e loaʻa ai i ka ululāʻau hikina o Rūsia. Hoʻoulu nui ia ma luna o nā kahi o nā lāʻau ola, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Brown, ʻeleʻele, me kahi kino ʻokoʻa e like me ka pepeiao. Ma muli o ka pīhoihoi maikaʻi, ka nui o ka pume a me ka momona me kahi momona uahi, loaʻa iā Muer kahi palapala ākea i ka lawehala a Kina, Japan, Vietnam a me Thailand.
ʻAilima
Hiki iā ʻoe ke kāhea iā ia he kahu hānai maoli. Ma ke waena o ke kauwela, hoʻonoho ʻo ia i nā lāʻau kahiko a maʻi i ka luhi a luku iā lākou i mau makahiki ʻelua. Kūpono i ka ʻohana o ka polypore a he ʻano maʻamau o kēia mau ʻōlima.
Ke kino kukui porous kino a me nā pāpale menopause pōkole me kahi radius a hiki i 15 cm hana i kahi ʻano multi-tiered maikaʻi. Ma nā wahi i kūkulu ʻia, loaʻa nā kīpī i nā spines palu - ʻo kahi mea ʻokoʻa loa ia no kēlā mau pōhaku.
ʻAʻole maikaʻi ʻole kona ʻono a me ka ʻono, no laila ʻaʻoleʻike o kēia manawa i ka kuke ʻana a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Ka meli agaric
ʻO ka pua kai maikaʻi, ʻike ʻia i ka helehelena, ʻono a me ka ʻono i kēlā me kēia kanaka, ka mea maoli i loko o ka hale ulu maʻamau. A pehea, heluhelu i kā mākou pūnaewele!) Akā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka momona o nā mea kūlohelohe e kū pono ana i nā ʻōpala a me nā lāʻau deciduous kahiko e kiʻekiʻe loa.
Loaʻa lākou ma nā ulu lāʻau āpau o Rūsia, ulu i nā ʻohana nui - a hiki i ka 50 mauʻu hina hina a me nā pāpale hina-hina me kahi kumu hoʻokahi.
ʻInderlelo ʻohi
Aia a hewa nui nā mea o ke kuʻopihine tinder - ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea kaulana loa o ke aʻo ʻana i mycology. ʻO nā wahi ona nā māla loloa a me nā pā papahele, kaomi me nā elms.
ʻO nā pāpale melemele me ka diameter o 15 cm a me nā wāwae brown 10 cm ka lōʻihi he uhi ʻia nā nāpaona ʻona. ʻO ka poʻe makemake e kuke nei i kēia mau ʻōpū, pono lākou e hōʻiliʻili i nā spimensia ʻōpio wale nō me ka pulupulu pōpō, nui a hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i ʻekolu mau huaʻai i ke kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo.
Chaga
ʻEdhai i hiki ai, ʻo nā wai lapaʻau ka mea e hoʻopuka ai i ka ʻano o ka maikaʻi loa o kāna mau lāʻau xylotrophs ʻano maikaʻi. ʻO nā meaʻeleʻele aʻeleʻele paha a me ka popo hina lamellar semicircular ulu i kahi ma kahi i kālai ʻia kahi pohō
Hoʻolako nā meaola olakino a me nā fiber i loko o ke kino hua o ka chaga e hāʻawi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kānaka me kahi substrate no ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i nā decoctions lapaʻau a me nā infusions, teas a me nā paura. No ka mea e noho ana nā ʻūlani birch ma loko o Rūsia, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i nā pono kūpono o ka ulu ʻana no ka pono o ke olakino kanaka.
Hōʻailona gula (aliʻi melemele agaric)
I ka manawa pinepine e loaʻa i nā ʻōpala o nāwaliwali nāwaliwali a me nā poplars make, nā keʻena, nā mea pono. ʻO nā pāpale melemele-gula me ke anawaena a hiki i 20 cm ma kahi wāwae lōʻihi e uhi ʻia me nā kaulike brown.
Kuhi pinepine nā keiki ʻōpio i waenakonu o ke kauwela me ke koloheʻole i ka ʻōpū meli. Akā e hoʻāʻo, ʻo ka molona nei i lilo ai i ka ʻohana aloha kaulana, no laila, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻohana i ka papa ʻaina kūʻokoʻa.
He kanaka inedible nona, akā, ʻaʻole ia e hiki ke pili kino - poplar flake (kiʻi ma lalo).
E heluhelu hou ma ka ʻatikala flake gula.
Shiitake
Mahele lāʻau 'alapine, mau lehelehe kīlea a lentinula paha - ʻike ʻia kēlā mau inoa ma kēia ʻano lāʻau kaulana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e mycology.
Nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona:
- ʻūhā;
- pāpale pāpale pale me nā papa ʻāpana;
- ʻōpala i ka ʻili maloʻo.
Hoʻoulu pinepine ia ma ka oak. ʻO ka ʻiʻala maikaʻi, hāʻawi i nā pepa, a me nā mea hoʻōla o nā ʻano ke pālahalaha i ka kuke a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Nā kelepona hao
He paʻakikī ʻo Xylotroph mai ka ʻohana Drozhalok e wehewehe i waho, no ka mea he hoʻololi pinepine ia i kona ʻano, i nā kumu kime. Ua like ia me ka hiolo o nā kala ʻeleʻele a me kāna ʻohana nui e hoʻopuni i ka ʻōpala o nā ʻōpio ʻōpio e ulu ana ma nā koena o ka lāʻau. ʻO ka pulpona o ke kino huʻaina e like me ka palalike, ʻaʻohe ʻono a me nā mea ʻala momona, no laila ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike ʻia ana ka waiwai ma ka kuki.
ʻO nā pono a me nā hōʻino o nā ʻōpū lāʻau
Loaʻa i nā pono o nā manu ʻai manu e hōʻike me ka ʻike ʻepekema. ʻAʻohe o lākou momona momona. ʻO kā lākou mea nui nui aʻe e:
- ʻōmala protein;
- nā waiora C, B, ʻoi loa ka nui o B3;
- Hoʻokomo nā huapalapala i nā kalai, phosphorus, hao.
I kēlā mau ʻano ʻano ʻehā e like me ka puhoi kai, shiitake, chaga, ʻaʻole ka lawehala, akā ua lanakila nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO kēia mau mea, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā mea ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano hui e hiki ai ke mālama i ka ʻike ʻana o kekahi mau maʻi.
- nele i nā hao hao i ke koko;
- ke koko kiʻekiʻe;
- High acidity o ka ʻōpū;
- ho'ēmi ʻia o ke ʻano palekana.
Hiki ke noʻonoʻo pono i ka hua lāʻau no ka mea pālahalaha nui a me ka wikiwiki i nā lāʻau olakino i nā wahi a kanaka. ʻO ka hele ʻana i ka ʻili o ka wahi i hōʻino ʻia o ka puʻupuʻu olakino, hoʻonui nui nā pua i ka nui a hoʻopau iā ia i nā makahiki āpau.
Inā mālama ʻia ka lāʻau poino a lāʻau ʻole paha i ka lāʻau māla i ka manawa, e nalo aku kēia pōʻino.
Ua ʻōlelo aku ʻo Mr. Dachnik: nā kumulāʻau lāʻau - nā waiwai pono, hoʻohana i ka kuke ʻana
ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau o ka lāʻau kumulā Chaga Birch i lilo i kaulana - teas, decoction o ia mea he ikaika immunostimulating a me tonic hopena.
ʻO ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻuʻohi i kahi mahiʻai i lilo i waiwai waiwai a ma kēia manawa ke ʻike pinepine mākou i ke kūʻai aku i ka ʻai, a me ka pono o ke kai, ʻo ia nō hoʻi ka lāʻau. I ke kūlohelohe, he melemele lākou, ka puaʻula a me nā aniani a ulu a ulu ma kahi ʻohana nui. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea ulu lāʻau ma mua o ko lākou mau hoahānau, bred art artially. Hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he hoʻohui nui e ʻaʻole lākou e loaʻa nā pālua mea ʻona.
ʻO ka pepeiao hua lāʻau, e like me ka ʻākoakoa i kapa ʻia ma muli o ko lākou ʻano like me ka auricle, kaulana loa i ka papa oriental. Eia nō naʻe, ʻano luhi lākou i ka lau ʻana he pāʻina kūʻokoʻa, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe ʻano momona kūikawā a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻoluʻolu. Maikaʻi maikaʻi nā ʻōkuhi ma kahi ʻaoʻao i hui pū ʻia me ka ʻiʻo, ke hāʻawi ʻana iā ia i ka mea ʻohu ʻohu. Palapala a palau ke kūlohelohe a palau ʻia, he momona maikaʻi hoʻi.
ʻO ka kānalua ʻole, ua lawe ka lāʻau i kahi wahi kūpono i loko o ka meaʻaiʻai kanaka: ʻaʻole no ka mea āpau i hoʻomaka ai e launa pinepine iā lākou ma nā pā hale kūʻai, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka ʻai me nā mea momona a me nā mea momona e pono ai.
