ʻO ka Cherry keʻano laha nui ma nā'āina he nui o ka honua.
Hiki iāʻoe keʻike pinepine iā ia i loko o nā hapa o ka USSR mua, a pēlā pū ma loko o nā māla Lūkini a ma nā kahua hoʻopuka.
Ke koi nei kēiaʻano o nā mea mahiʻai i nā mea hoʻohiwahiwa e hana i nāʻano hou a hou, me maikaʻi nā lāʻau a me nā palena kai. Inā e noʻonoʻoʻoe i nā hoʻolālā o nā mea kanu, a laila, manaʻo wau he nui nā Chocolate Chocolate, ka wehewehe a me ka kiʻi o ia mea, a me nāʻike e pili ana i ka kanuʻana i ka Chocolate Chocolate, eʻikeʻia ma lalo nei.
ʻO ka moʻokūʻauhau a me ka waeʻana
ʻO kēia cherry e pili ana nā'ōpio a me ka hoʻonuiʻana ʻano moʻomeheu.
Loaʻa i ke kūkuluʻiaʻana o kekahiʻano hou, nā poʻe akamai ʻO ka Papahana Hoʻonaʻauao Hua'ōlelo Aʻo-Rūkini Hui Pūʻokoʻa (Orel) hele mai ka waihona o nā lūkini Lūkini i loko o ka lāʻauʻona, i mea e hoʻomāʻona ai iʻelua mau palena nui - e lōʻihi ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kūpaʻa a me ka haʻahaʻa.
ʻO ke kumu mua i loaʻa mai nā manaʻolana no ka hānauʻana o nā Chocolatnits i nā mahiʻai ālīʻau ma nā wahi Lūkini.
A, e like me ka mea iʻikeʻia, ka hapa nui o ka moku'āina o ka Russian Federation e waihoʻia ana i nā wahi me kahiʻano pāʻani a me keʻano honua, ma ka liʻiliʻi,ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a me ka pilikia no ka mahi maikaʻiʻana i nā mea kanu.
Ma ka'āinaʻo Rusia,ʻo nāʻano cherries e like me kēia,ʻo Vladimirskaya, Moscow Griot.
ʻO ka mea kumu kūkole lōʻihiʻO kēia kulekele ke kānāwai o nā makahiki i hala aku nei i ka wā e ho'āʻo nui ai ka māla waina e hana i kā lākou hana ʻO ka maikaʻi loa a me ka wikiwiki i ka hoʻiʻana.
ʻO kahi kumu liʻiliʻi hikiʻole ke mālama. me ka hoʻohanaʻoleʻia o nā mea hana kūikawā a me nā lako'ē aʻe,ʻo ia ka mea kūpono no kēia.
No laila, i ka makahiki 1996, i ka hopena o ka heleʻana i nāʻano likeʻole o ka hoʻololiʻana ʻO ka meaʻeleʻele a me cherries Lyubskaya ua loaʻa nāʻano nani a me nā mea likeʻole (nā mea kākau - A. Kolesnikov, T. Trofimova, M. Miheeva).
I loko o kēlā makahiki, Chocolate, i loaʻa kona inoa no ka mea iʻikeʻia ka leka kāleka ʻO ka hua i komo i loko o ka Moku'āina Moku'āina no ka Māhele Manawa o ka Russian Federation.
Ma waho aʻe ka paʻakikī hōʻele a me ka ulu ikiUa heluʻia kēia lei i nā hua'ōlelo'ē aʻe he nui loa.
ʻO nāʻano likeʻole e like me Volochaevka, Morozovka a me Vyanok e hōʻike ana i ka paʻakikī maikaʻi o ka hoʻoilo.
Keʻano o Cherry Chocolate
Hōʻikeʻia kēiaʻano likeʻole e nā hiʻohiʻona e hōʻike nei i nāʻano cherries.
ʻO ka lāʻau
Heʻano liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi,ʻo ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau keʻano ma waena o 2.1-2.5 m. ʻO ke kī ma ke kumu (brown) aʻeleʻele paha.
Kūleonaʻia ka mea kanu me kaʻona likeʻole o ka lei aliʻi, kūlahi a hoʻokiʻekiʻeʻia ma luna o ka lepo, me keʻano o ka pyramid (i hoʻololiʻia) (me kahi kumu koi a me ka luna kiʻekiʻe).
Pōʻa. E ulu i ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi. Ma keʻano he kaulike, pololei. Ma ke kumu, ma luna o nā lālā nui,ʻeleʻele ka helehelena me kahi'āpana hina. Ma ka'ōpuʻu e hoʻolālā i keʻano o ka cone-shaped, ma kahi o 3-4 mm ka lōʻihi. Ke kū paʻa nei nā'ōpiopio, kokoke i nā wana.
Leaves. Ke hoʻomohala nei i nā puʻupaʻa, loaʻa iā lākou ka'āpana o ka oval mau loa. ʻO nā lālā bicuspid o ka Chocolatnica he kumu kahua a me kahiʻoi loa loa. E kau ma luna o nā lālā ma kahi o kahi kapuahi e like me 1.5 knm ka lōʻihi. He māmā ke kumu o ka lau, heʻeleʻele ka'ōmaʻomaʻoʻeleʻele.
Pupuhi ʻO ka lau keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, me nā pua liʻiliʻi. Hoʻomaʻiliʻia nā pua 3 i kahi'āpana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, aʻo ia ka mea e hāpai i ka huaʻai maikaʻi maikaʻi. ʻO keʻano o ka pua keʻano o ke beleʻuʻuku me ka pūpū ikaika.
ʻO ka hua
Hanaʻia e keʻano o keʻano a me ka nui o 18-19 x 16-17 mm. ʻO ka puʻu o kahi kānana hoʻokahi piʻi 3.5 - 4 g.
ʻO ka iwiʻeleʻele i ka iwi hoʻokahi, he hapaʻumi ia o ka nui o ke kaumaha o ka'ōpiopio. ʻO ke kaiʻo Chocolate ke loaʻa i ka momona momona, ma ka wā o ka māla maikaʻi o ka hua e hoʻololi pinepineʻia iʻeleʻele waiwai.
ʻAʻole mālamaʻia ka hua me kahi lōʻihi o 32-36 mm. ʻO kaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele o ka cherry aʻo ka pōhaku, ua kaʻawale loa kekahi i kekahi.
ʻO nā mea nui nui loa, he Manonui Nui, Volochaevka a me Zhukovskaya.
Hoʻokaʻaʻike
Nāʻano likeʻole
Chocolate Cherry i hoʻonohonohoʻia e like me keʻano pono'ī huaʻai -ʻo ia hoʻiʻo ia hiki ke hoʻohuaʻia e kona poli pono'ī aʻaʻole pono nā pollinators hou.
Loaʻa ka hoʻomanaʻo iā Man-fertility iā Enikeeva, Mayak a me Novella.
Eia naʻe, i mea e hiki ai ke hoʻolako pono i ka "Chocolate" mua loa. ʻO nā meaʻoi aʻe iʻoi aʻe, nā mālaʻike a me nā loio e paipai e kanu i kahi lāʻau, he mea koho hou, ma kahi kokoke i ka huaʻi o kēiaʻano.
Ma ke kaʻina o ka pollination, hiki i ke kikaka ke kōkua maikaʻi. ʻO nā hua'aleʻa pinepine a me nāʻano meaʻai ʻO Vladimir a me ka'ōmole. Inā kanuʻia nā kumulāʻau ma kahi hui, no kaʻoi aku ka hopena ma waena o lākou. Haʻalele i kaʻaelike o 2-3 meters.
ʻO ka hua lāʻau o kēiaʻano likeʻole ka nui nā mea kanu wela.
ʻO keʻano o kēia mea e kūkulu ia i ke ala maikaʻi loa a hāʻawi i ka hopena iʻoi loa, e ulu ana ma ka pā kanu, maikaʻi i ka lā.
Kūpono nā mea kanu hoʻolālā i kahi i koho ai ma kaʻaoʻao hema o ka māla. Pono e hoʻomanaʻoʻia i ka hikiʻana o ka malumalu ma luna o nā lāʻau kokoke a me kahi hale paha, hiki ke emi i ka hua o ke Chocolate Woman.
Akā naʻe, ua manaʻoʻia kēiaʻoihana e ka poʻe akamai heʻano paʻakikī. I kēlā me kēia hihia, hiki i kēia hoʻokele pale-kauwela ke pale i nā mahana wela a me nā maloʻo ikaika.
No ka manawa lōʻihi e mālama ai me ke kalaʻole i ka lāʻau pūnaewele paʻa i ulu nuiʻia.
Hoʻomakaʻia ka pua puana i ka mahina o Mei. Ua hala i loko ma waenakonu - i ka lua o ka mahina o Iulai,ʻo ka hua o ke Chocolate Woman ripen. ʻO kaʻohi mua loa āna hāʻawi i ka mea kanu i ka hā o ka makahiki kou ola.
Me ka hoʻonohonoho kūpono o nāʻoihanaʻenehana a me ka mālama pono, e hāʻawi nui ana kēia makana nā hua kiʻekiʻe.
Ma ka hōʻikeʻana i nāʻikepili,ʻo ka huahelu ma waena o nāʻano likeʻole, he 78 mau kenetena o ka hana no hoʻokahi hekita (11-12 kg mai kekahi lāʻau)Ua hoʻonohonohoʻia ka palena kūpono ma kahi kokoke i 97 mau kiko.
Hiki iā Robin, Mahalo a me Lyubskaya ke hoʻonani i nā hua maikaʻi.
I ka pukaʻana, hua ka lāʻau i ka hua me ka mea e pili nei nā kinikona:
| ʻO ka hui | Ka helu o |
|---|---|
| ʻOi | 12,5% |
| ʻO nā Acids | 1,65% |
| ʻO kahi meaʻino | 18,3% |
ʻO ka huaʻalani kuʻi maikaʻi loa. ʻO keʻanoʻawaʻawa maʻamau ka mea kūpono ma luna o ka meaʻono a me kaʻono, e hāʻawi ana i kēia kele ʻO kahi hāʻinaʻo Cherry.
Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole iʻoluʻolu wale nā hua o nāʻano likeʻole, akā maikaʻi loa. ʻO keʻano, he waiwai lākou i ka hao, ka'ahuweka, ka keleawe - nā mea hana ikaika i loko o ka hana hana toto.
E hōʻike i ka pulp kōkua ka pectin i ka hoʻopau maikaʻiʻana i nā toxins mai ke kino.
No nā meaʻai kūpono, Chocolate Chocolate ke mea hoihoi no ka mea me kāna kōkua makemake ka makemakeHoʻonui ia i ka pono e kinai i ka waiʻona a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka hana o ka'ōpū.
ʻO nā hua o Chernokorka, Zhivitsa a me nāʻano Kharitonovskaya i loaʻa ka maikaʻi a me ka pōmaikaʻi.
Ke kanu a mālama
ʻIke mākou i ka pehea a me kahi e kanu pono ai i nā cherie Chocolate cherries? Ma mua o ka kanuʻiaʻana o nā kāleka Chocolate Chocolate, he pono e hoʻolohe i ka honuaʻO kahi paeʻana a me ka haʻaleleʻana ua manaʻoʻia.
E like me ka nui o nāʻano cherry, Chocolate Chocolateʻaʻole makemake nui i nā lepo one one i hoʻonuiʻia me nā meaʻai a hāʻawiʻia me kahi pūnaewai waiwai maikaʻi.
Ponoʻia e hōʻole i ka kanuʻana i nā wahi momona a me nā wahi kahi e kokoke ai ka wai honua (i lalo o 1.5 m) i ka papakū. Eia kekahi,ʻo ka paepae mua ma mua o ke kanuʻana i kahi lāʻau he mea makemake loa ia e hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻia me ka manure (humus).
He mea nui e nānā i keʻano o ka huahana. Hoʻopiʻi nā mea kanu ulu i nā mea kanu ʻaʻole e loaʻa "ma ka lima".
I ka manawa like, e kūlike ko lākou mau kuʻina o waho i keʻano i ka makahiki i hōʻikeʻia.
Kanuʻia nā lāʻau lauboke iʻApelila aiʻole Kepakemapa paha. E eli i puka no kēlā me kēia hua'ōlelo me ke anawaena o 70 cm a me ka hohonu o 60-70 cm.
Hoʻopiliʻia ka manure, ka potassium konupala, superphosphate, a me ka lehu i ka pūnāwai.
I loko o kahi lua i hoʻomoʻiʻia i kēiaʻano, ua hoʻohaʻahaʻaʻia ka hua'ōlelo, ua uhiʻia kona mau aʻa i ka lepo a ua hehiʻia ka lepo ma'ō o ke kumu.
E wai i ka kanu kanu me kahi wai momona maikaʻi. Wahi pū he pono e kāwili me ka humus a me ke kau.
ʻO ka mālama ponoʻana i nāʻano Chocolate Chocolate e hōʻike ana ka'ōpala maʻamau, e like me ka wahinuʻana, wehe a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana i ka lepo.
I ka wā puna, no nā lā 22-27 ma mua o ka hoʻouluʻana o nā puʻupaʻa, pono iʻokiʻia nā lālā iʻokiʻia.
I ka wā o ka ulu a me ka uluʻana pono e hāʻawi i ka lāʻau ka wai kūmole maikaʻi - e hiki i ka 3-4 mau poʻi wai malalo o na laau.
Pono pono hoʻi e hoʻohui i nā fertilizers kūpono i ka lepo i ka manawa.
ʻO ka hōkūʻo ka manawa o nā mea hoʻouluʻu waiūpaʻa, akā ua hoʻokomoʻia ka phosphate a me ka manuahi potash i ka hāʻule. I ka wā kanu, hoʻolaunaʻia ka'ōpū o mullein a me nā mea kanu manaila.
Inā ka ulu o nā mea kanu i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o 70 cm, ʻo ia hoʻi ke ulu pono nei ka lāʻau.
ʻO nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha
ʻO kēiaʻano, e like me nāʻanoʻano'ē aʻe o nā cherries, makemake eʻai i ka hoʻoilo. ia nāʻiole. No ka paleʻana i ke kalo mai kēia mau meaʻeha, ua'ōleloʻia i mua o ke anuanu e hoʻopili i ka pahu me kahi lole liʻiliʻi.
ʻO nā maʻi, nā maʻi āpau e like me ka coccomicosis a me ka moniliasis.
ʻO kahi kumu e hōʻike ana i ka maʻi o kahi lāʻau ma nā spores o ka haʻuki Blumeriella jaapii (Sossomuse hiemalis) keʻano o nā kikoʻulaʻula ma luna o nā lau aʻaʻole ka lā ma mua o ko lākou hāʻule nui.
ʻAʻole hiki ke kumu i ka make kokeʻana o ka mea kanu, akāʻo ka lāʻau e loaʻa ana i ka maʻi i'ōleloʻia i kēia manawa e hoʻonāwaliwali a akā ua makeʻo ia i ka hikiʻole, hikiʻole ke ola i ka hau maʻamau.
ʻO ka hakakā me ka coccomycosis i ka hana maʻamau o ka lāʻau me nā momona: ʻo ka manawa mua ma mua o ka'ō'ōʻana o ka pua,ʻo ka lua i ka wā o ka uluʻana, kokoke i kona hopena,ʻo ke kolu he 2-3 mau lā ma hope o ka hopena o ka pua (aiʻole e like me ka hopena, inā he mauʻulaʻula i nā lālā).
ʻO nāʻanoʻo Tsarevna Felt,ʻo Ashinskaya Steppe a me Tamaris e kū'ē i kēia maʻi.
ʻO ka maʻi Monilias, ka mea nāna i hoʻopukaʻo ia ka nūnū asilomycete me Monilia, i loaʻa kona inoaʻelua - monilial burn - no kaʻike ponoʻana o nā lālā maloʻo ma luna o nā lāʻau i pāʻia e ia.
Inā no kekahi mau makahikiʻaʻoleʻoe e hoʻomaka e kaua i kēia maʻi, e hoʻonōwaliwali a hoʻoweliweliʻia ka mea kanu.
No ka mālamaʻana i ke olakino o nā lāʻau hua e hiki mai ana,ʻaʻole ia he manawa e koho ai i nā mea kanu.
"Hoʻokuʻi" ʻo ia ka mahele o kahi wahi maikaʻi i kanuʻia, ka hana maʻamau o nā lālā a me nā lālā i hōʻinoʻia ma muli o ka hana mechanical, ka hoʻopiʻi pinepineʻana o ka lei kalaunu.
Inā hikiʻole ke paleʻia ka lāʻau mai ka maʻi, a laila e mālamaʻia i ka wā hiki loa.
No kēia mea ma luna kekahi mau kau pono e hanaʻia nā mea kanu nā hauʻona - ma mua, i ka wā a ma hope o ka hopena o ka manawa ulu.
I mea e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i ka mea hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia i ka haʻuki ma nā lāʻau kokoke e pili ana i ka lāʻau, a me ke kālaiʻana i nā lālā. i ka manawa maloʻoʻole.
No laila, i mea eʻoluʻolu loa ai i ka ho'āʻoʻana i kekahi o nā cherries nani a me kaʻala, e pono aiʻoe e hoʻoikaika nui. Akā,ʻaʻole aneiʻo ka Chocolate Chocolate ke kūpono?
E nānā i kahi wikiō maikaʻi e pili ana i kahi kūlana e pono ai no ka huaʻana cherries? Pehea e pale aku ai i nā cheri mai nā'ōpala? He aha nāʻano maʻi kū'ē i nā maʻi?
