ʻO ka manawa kūpono loa no ka kanu ʻana i nā māla pua

Inā he kanakolu a ʻehā paha paha nā makahiki o kāu māla o kou māla, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kanu. Ke ulu a nui nā lāʻau, nā hōʻiliʻili a me nā maʻi ma luna o lākou, ua emi ka hua, e hōʻano maikaʻi ka maikaʻi o nā huaʻa, e emi ana ka nui. A i ʻole, e hoʻolālā wale ana nō ʻoe i ka kanu ʻana i kahi mōʻīwahine o nā huaʻai berry. A laila, ʻo nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo o ke kanu ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka māla strawberry ʻo ka māla e kōkua iā ʻoe e ulu i kahi hua momona me kahi paʻakikī ʻole.

Ke koho ʻana i ka manawa kūpono no ka kanu ʻana i nā māla pua

Ulu nā hua lāʻau ma nā wahi a pau o nā hua i ulu ma Rusia. Kūpono ʻia mai ka kenekulia 18. I ka manu hihiu, ua ʻike ʻia nā hua puaa nui no ka wā lōʻihi, ua loaʻa ka moʻomeheu kīhāpai o kēia berry ma muli o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o nā ʻano lua o nā hua lāʻau maikaʻi - South a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. I kekahi manawa ke kuhi hewa ʻole nā ​​māla lāʻau. I kēia manawa, liʻiliʻi nā mea kanu lāʻau ma nā mahi kanu a me nā mahiʻai pilikino.

Loaʻa nā kīhāpai pua (nā huaʻai) i nā wahi āpau

He ʻokoʻa nā manaʻo o ka poʻe māla e pili ana i ka manawa o ke kanu ʻana i nā māla lau. Inā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mea kanu i ka mea kanu a me nā mea kanu pua - i ka pūnāwai a i ʻole ka hopena? ʻAʻohe mea i koho iki i kēia nīnau, ʻoiai, ua hilinaʻi ka manawa pae i ka nui o nā mea. ʻO kēia nā kūlana kime o ka ulu e ulu ana, ka mea e hoʻopili ai i ka lepo, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka uhi hoʻoilo hoʻoilo, he mahana a he hau leʻaleʻa, nā hopena i ka ulu o ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo, etc.

Hoʻonui ka hua like ʻole o nā māla hua lāʻau no nā makahiki he 3-4, a laila hoʻopau lākou i ka hiki ke kanu pono o ka lepo a me nā mea kanu e pono ai. Pono nā hoʻololi o ka Remontant a me nā lā i ka lā (Elizabeth II, Trities, Brighton, Garland, etc.) i kēlā me kēia manawa - ma hope o ʻelua mau makahiki. Hāpai nā mea kanu o kēia mau ʻano i kekahi mau manawa i ka manawa, no laila, hoʻopau lākou i ka nui o ka wikiwiki a hiki i ka wā kahiko. I ke kolu o ka makahiki, ua hōʻemi nui ʻia ko lākou huahana, ua liʻiliʻi iki ka hua, a ʻo ka mea kahiko e hāʻawi i kahi ʻomo liʻiliʻi.

Yulia Babenko, kahu hānai, Voronezh

Pa Hale Helu Mahiai, No. 3, 2010

Hiki ke kanu ʻia nā Strawberry ma ka pūnāwai a i ka hoʻoilo-kauwela wā.

ʻO nā pono kūponoʻole i ke kanu kauwela:

• kahi manawa e loaʻa ai kahi hua o nā hua he nui e like me ka wā o ke kauwela;
• ka mea nui e koho ai i nā ʻano o nā mea kanu ma mua o ka pūnāwai.

Inā kanu ʻia nā hua pua i ke kauwela e loaʻa i nā hua ʻai a me nā hua kanu mai nā mea kanu ʻia a lākou e pono ai, a laila pono ʻoe e koho i nā rosette mua loa, ikaika loa e like me ka hiki. E lawe lākou i ka aʻa, manawa ke waiho i nā pua pua a ʻoluʻolu i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana.

I mea e loaʻa ai kahi hōʻiliʻili hua ulu o nā kīla māla, nā mea kanu e kanu ʻia ai ma ka manawa ʻoi loa o ka makahiki

Kūpono o ka pae kauwela-kauwela:

• wela loa ka lā a me ka lā, pono ʻoe e makaʻala nui i ka ʻaihue ʻana o nā mea kanu lāʻau a me ka wai;
• ʻAʻohe mau lāʻau puaʻa i kanu ʻia ma hope o ʻAukake 20, ʻaʻohe manawa e waiho i nā pua pua i ka nui kūpono a me ka maikaʻi maikaʻi. E lilo ka hua, akā naʻe ʻole ka manaʻo, ka ʻono a me ka nui o nā huaʻai e pōmaikaʻi ʻole;
• aia ka nui o nā mea kanu e hāʻule i lalo o ke kauwela haʻahaʻa me ka hoʻoilo ʻole o ka hau, a no laila, pono pono e mālama pono i ka mālama ʻana i nā kanu ʻōpiopio i ka manawa kūpono.

Ua mahana ka lā puna, akā ʻaʻole wela. ʻO ka manawa kūpono loa no ka kanu ʻana i ka pūnāwai ke hoʻomaka nei ʻo Mei. Hōʻoluʻolu ka ea i kēia manawa, ua hoʻoluʻolu ʻia ka lepo a ua lawa nā makui i loko. No laila, e ulu a me nā ulu lāʻau a hoʻoulu i ka hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi.

ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka kanu ʻana i nā opala ma ka māla pua - i mua o Mei

ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ke kanu kanu:

• nā lāʻau ʻōpala maikaʻi ke aʻa a maikaʻi;
• inā e hele pū ka wai puna wai, a laila ʻaʻole i make ka nui o nā mea kanu i kā lākou.

Kūkulu ʻana o nā kanu māla i ka pūnāwai:

• pinepine ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Mei nā mākaukau ʻaʻole i mākaukau a pono hoʻi e kanu i nā hua pua i ka mahina o Iune, e hana ana i nā mea kanu i ka wela, ke ea a me ka lepo;
• pono ʻoe e kanu mua i nā mea kanu ma lalo o nā pā hale a kūʻai mai paha i ka mākaukau a i ʻole ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, hāʻawi iā ia me ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ea o ka ea a me ka lepo.

Wikiō: mālama i nā pua ʻōwili mai ka puna i ka hāʻule

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau no ka ʻāina

ʻO nā lepo kūpono loa:

• medium loam
• chernozems
• one soam soil soils with acid acid pH 5.5-6.5.

ʻOiai, me ka mālama maikaʻi, ulu maikaʻi kēia kuʻina a hoʻohua i ka hua ma kahi kokoke i kekahi lepo.

Ke koho nei i nā māla no ka kanu ʻana i nā māla hua lāʻau, pono e hāʻawi i ka makemake i nā wahi neʻe - ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lā, ʻoi aku ka ʻono o ka makeri. ʻO ka mea nui o ka hōʻoluʻolu nui o ke kahua, pono ia e ʻū nui a i ʻole nā ​​wahi pihi (5-8^º), me ka ʻauʻau, nā ʻāina ʻūlū a maloʻo. ʻAʻole e emi ka lōʻihi mai ka papa aku o ka honua i ka pae o ka ʻōpū ma lalo o 1 m.

Hoʻopili loa nā māla lāʻau i ka maikaʻi o ka lepo ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o kekahi mau māla a me nā mea kanu.

Nā mea i hana maikaʻi ʻia:

• ke kāleka
• kūʻai
• kāloti
• beetroot
• ʻōpihi.

ʻO nā wahi i ulu mua ai he kūpono ʻole ia no ke kanu ʻana.

• nā hua kanu solanaceous (mau ʻuala, ka ʻuala), ka pepa, no ka mea, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā hua pua a me nā wīpī fusarium;
• lilia, asters, gladioli (malia paha o nā maʻi o nā hua pua me kahi nematode kakau).

Maikaʻi e hoʻohālike i ke kanu ʻana o nā māla me ka lulu ma hope o ʻekolu a ʻehā paha mau lau o ka hamala (lupine, vetch, alfalfa, melilot, mauʻu) a me nā hua ʻai (oats, barley, palaoa) e hoʻihoʻi hou i ka lepo.

Pono ka wā mākaukau paʻa a hoʻokuʻu ʻole i nā nāhelehele.

Wahi a ka manawa, kanu ʻia nā mea kanu ma ka wahi ākea a i lalo o kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Nui nā ʻano e kanu ai i nā māla pua:

• ʻōpiopio
• ka māhele ʻana i ka ulu lāʻau
• mau huaʻaka.

Me kēlā me kēia kumu o ke kanu, pono ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau i kahi kahua a i ʻole ka māla. Hōʻike ʻia nā māla akamai e hoʻomākaukau i nā moena i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau pule ma mua o ka lā e kanu ʻia ai, no ka manawa ka manawa a ka ʻāina e hoʻopō a paʻa. Kūkulu ʻia ka pūnaewele no ka kanu ʻana me kahi ʻoki a i ʻole kahi mea ʻoki ʻoki e hohonu ai i 25-30 cm. I ke ʻeli ʻana, e hoʻoneʻe maikaʻi loa i ka palu o ka mauʻu a pau. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hoʻoikaika nui kēia i ka hana o ka weed. Inā ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka pūnaewele mai ka wā o ka hāʻule, a laila lawa ka ʻāina pono e hoʻokuʻu wale.

Ma lalo o ka eli ʻana o ka lepo, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea kanu a me nā minima (ma ka 1 sq. M):

• hoʻokahi pāme (5-7 kg) o ka manure maikaʻi maikaʻi (humus);
• 70 g o nā superphosphate;
• 20-30 g kaleka pākaha kele.

Ma kahi o nā minuke minuke, i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka māla, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka lehu lāʻau (kahi pahu wai) a me ka hoʻōla paʻapū Kemira (spring-kauwela) - 60 g no 1 mau mika. m Kūkulu ʻia kēlā ʻano kanu ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i nā hua lāʻau ʻo ia ka mea nui a lawa ia no ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu ma kēia pūnaewele no ka ʻelua a ʻekolu mau makahiki.

Ma hope o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lepo, e hōʻailona i ka kahua a me ka moena. Pono kēia e kanu i nā lāʻau ʻōpala i ke ahiahi a waiho i kahi wahi no ka hoʻōla a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā mea kanu.

Nui nā kuana no ka kanu ʻana i nā ʻōpala:

• Ke ulu nei i loko o kahi hale a i ʻole kauwela kauwela, ka maʻamau maʻamau ka lālani hoʻokahi (laina hoʻokahi) a me ka lālani ʻelua (ʻelua-hua) kanu kanu me kahi mamao ma waena o nā lālani he 85 cm a ma waena o nā mea kanu i ka lālani - mai 15 a 35 cm. ʻO kēia ʻano kanu i manaʻo ʻia he paʻa-paʻa;
• i ka wā i ulu ai ka hana, hoʻohana ʻia kahi pālahalaha pālahalaha. I ka manawa like, kanu ʻia nā mea kanu me nā mea kī ʻia a me kahi mamao ma waena o lākou o 90-100 cm, ma waena o nā lālani ma kahi loio - 40-50 cm, a ma waena o nā kumu lāʻau i kahi laina - mai 15-20 cm a 30-40 cm. -70 cm
  

  Kuhi pinepine ʻia nā hua pua e like me ke kiko ʻono-palena liʻiliʻi a me ka pālua ʻelua.

ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi: nā hana kanu mea ʻōpala i ka lepo

E kanu ana i nā mea kanu

No ka kanu kanu ʻana o nā opulāʻau hihiu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā hua liʻiliʻi o kā lākou mau ʻano i loaʻa mai nā lau laupala a hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo i loko o ka friji. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu i nā hua pua i ka wā anu a i ke ahiahi paha, ma hope o ka lā. Ma mua o ka lele ʻana, pono ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau i nā mea āpau āu e pono ai:

• ʻōpiopio
• hoʻohāinu ʻia me ka wai
• poʻohiwi ka poʻohiwi
• papalapala mea.

ʻO nā aʻa o nā mea kanu i hoʻomākaukau ʻia no ke kanu ʻana e kanu ʻia i loko o kahi palaki o ka pālala, vermicompost a i ʻole he hopena paha o ka mea hoʻoulu ʻana i ke aʻa i ʻole lākou e maloʻo i ka lewa. A laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau pololei i ka kanu ʻana o nā opala lāʻau.

Mai ʻae i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā aʻa o nā hua pua

He nui nā hana kūloko.

1. Ma ka wahi i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, hana ʻia kahi lua me ka spatula a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana, nā mamao ma kahi e pono ai e kūlike me ka papa kuhikuhi i koho ʻia - hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua.
2. Ke paʻa nei i ka huiki e ke kōpaʻa, a kau mālū ia i ka lua a i ka ʻōpū. Pono e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ua kuhikuhi pololei i nā aʻa o ka mea kanu. I kēia kūlana, hoʻokumu ʻia nā aila fou ma ko lākou lōʻihi. ʻO nā aʻa, a, i kanu ʻia, e kū i luna, a laila kokoke ia e make.
3. Hoʻopili ʻia nā hua kanu lāʻau i nā ʻāina i ka pae o ka "naʻau" - ka apical a me ka ʻāʻī o luna i ka lepo a puni ka lāʻau me kou mau lima.
4. Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, e hoʻohua ʻia nā hua. Pono e hana ʻia i kekahi mau alahele, me ka mālama pono ʻole i ka haʻi i nā aʻa o nā mea kanu.
5. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ka wai, hoʻopuni ʻia ka lepo a puni ka mauʻu ʻōpala me ka peat, overdipe sawdust.
   

   Ke kanu nei i nā māla lau, nā hua apical - pono ka "naʻau" ma ka pae

ʻAʻole hiki i kēia ʻāpono e hoʻopiha i ka pua apical - ka "naʻau" o ka hua huʻa me ka honua - kēia e alakaʻi i kona ulu ʻole ʻana, ka nele o nā hua a me ka make.

Ke kanu i nā strawberry ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa, i mea e pale ai i ka overmoistening ikaika o ka lepo, ua makemake ʻia e hoʻolālā i nā moena. I kahi wahi i koho ʻia, e hōʻailona i ka nui o nā moena e hiki mai ana a hoʻokomo i ka ʻaoʻao a me nā fences. No ka hana i kēia, e hoʻohana i nā papa, nā kime palena, nā kākela metala, nā kime. Hoʻopiha ʻia ka wahi i hoʻonani ʻia o ka moena i nā ʻāina momona a me nā mea kanu me nā hua lāʻau e kanu ʻia e like me ka hoʻolālā maʻamau.

Vitio: kanu i nā strawberry ma ka ʻāina ākea

Ke kanu nei i nā māla lāʻau i loko o ka pōʻai lāʻau

No ka hoʻouluʻana o nā opala lāʻau, kūpono kahi i ka nui o ka pōʻaiapuni o nā ʻōpio ʻōpio o nā hua lāʻau.

1. I loko o kahi lāʻau kahiʻala i loko o kahi radius o 50-70 cm, e hoʻokuʻu i ka lepo i ka hohonu o 8-10 cm e pale ai i ka pōʻino o kāna aʻa.
2. Lawe lākou i 4-5 mau ʻōpala o ka humus, he ipu lita o ka lehu lāʻau, 0.5 mau kīʻaha o ka mea paʻakikī.
3. Ua kāwili ʻia ka lepo me nā kō, a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me kahi wahi o ka rake a kanu i nā kakano o ka nui o nā lau.
4. Hoʻopili ʻia ia a hoʻomoʻi ʻia me ka mauʻu a i ʻole mauʻu nā lau me kahi papa o nā liʻiliʻi he 5 cm. He mea koʻikoʻi loa ia ʻaʻole e pili ka mulch i nā lāʻau lāʻau ʻōpala a me ka ʻōpala lāʻau.
   

   Ke kanu nei i nā māla kumulāʻau i ka pōʻaiapili kokoke, a maikaʻi ka lāʻau a me ka hua pua

Me kēia mea kanu i ka "pua moe", ua lanakila nā manamana a me nā hua laʻa: ʻaʻohe nalowale o ka lepo, ʻaʻole ulu ka mauʻu, palū ka lepo a hanu. ʻEkolu mau makahiki ma hope mai, ke ulu a ka lei o ka lāʻau a hāʻawi i kahi nui o ka pale, ua hoʻohili ʻia nā huawa i kahi ʻē.

Ua nānā wau i kēia ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa: ua kanu lākou i ka mea kanu, a ma ka lā 3-4 lā ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, hoʻomaka lākou e hānai me ia i nā mea kanu a manure ʻole. ʻO kahi kuhi maʻamau kēia. No nā pule he ʻelua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, ʻaʻole pono nā mea kanu e hānai. A e pili ana nā hemahema ma muli o ka makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i ka wai i loko o Iune a i Iulai paha ua manaʻo lākou he mau huaʻai nui a kahi hua nui mai ka mea kanu. Ke ʻike nei lākou i kahi Berry nui-nui-a, ʻoiaʻiʻo, kahi hua liʻiliʻi, ke makaʻu nei lākou i nā ʻano like ʻole. I ka makahiki mua, e hāʻawi ka mea kanu i ka berry, akā ʻo ka mea mua ke hoʻoponopono i nā merite a me nā demerits o nā ʻano e kēia berry. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili piha ʻana mai nā lā pōkole (ʻo ka wā hoʻokahi i ka manawa hoʻokahi) pono e koi ʻia i ka makahiki aʻe. I nā lāʻai ʻole-lā, hiki i nā pua mua i ʻike ʻia i ka pūnāwai ma hope o ke kanu ʻana e pono e hoʻopau ʻia, a laila i ka wā o ka wā e hiki ai ke hōʻiliʻili.

Yulia Babenko, kahu hānai, Voronezh

Pa Hale Helu Mahiai, No. 3, 2010

ʻO ka hānai a me ka hānai

Ma hope o ka kanu ʻana, pono e mālama pono i nā strawberry i - nā wai pinepine, hoʻokaʻawale i ka lepo a wehe i nā lau. I nā makahiki mua ʻelua, ʻaʻole kanu nā hua, pono wale nō lākou i ka kanu inā kanu ke kanu. Hānai ʻia nā Strawberries ma kahi pono inā ʻaʻole lawa nā kīnāʻai i ka lepo a i ʻole ke anuanu me nā ua lōʻihi. E like me ke kapa o ka lole, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā kōmala mineral paʻakikī (ʻo ka nui o ka hāʻawi i kēlā me kēia 1 sq. M moe).

• nitrophosco - 20 g;
• nitroammofosku - 18 g;
• diammophos - 12 g;
• nā ʻōpio - 11 g.

Hoʻohui ʻia iā lākou i loko o nā puʻupuʻu me ka hohonu o ka cm cm, i waiho ʻia ma ka lālani ma kahi mamao o 15 cm mai ia. Ma hope o ke kapa ʻana i ka lole, ninini ʻia ka lepo i loko o nā ʻōpū e uhi ʻia i ka wai a uhi ʻia i ka honua a i ʻole mulched ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia nā lole moʻo ma mua o Foliar ma mua o ka hiʻohiʻona o nā peduncles e ka mea kanu kūpono huawai-mineral.

Wikiō: e hānai ana i nā hua pua i ka wai

Inā, ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i nā hua pala ma ka māka ākea a i nā moena, aia ke anuanu ua maloo, pono ʻia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā hua kanu palaka no kekahi mau lā. Pono e hana i kēia no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka pūnaʻi o nā mea kanu ʻōpio a i ka hōʻehu ʻana mai nā lau he liʻiliʻi. No ka shading, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā pā lole (e hoʻolei pololei iā lākou i nā lāʻau i kanu ʻia), kahi ʻupena kūikawā (e huki ʻia ʻo ia ma luna o ka ʻāina loiloi a i ʻole nā ​​lako hana (nā kīʻaha, nā mea pili mai nā mea kanu, nā kīʻaha).

E kanu ana i nā mea kanu

Ke koi nei ke hoʻonui ʻana i nā mea kanu o nā māla hua lāʻau, e kū mai ka nīnau o nā hua kanu. ʻOi aku, kūlohelohe nā strawberry me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā rosette e kū nei ma ka ʻau.

He lōʻihi loa nā pīpoki i nā pihi kūleʻa i ulu ʻia mai nā pua o nā mea i lalo o ka pū (ʻo ka ulu makahiki o ka mea kanu). Hoʻohui nui ʻia lākou ma hope o ka pau o ka manawa o ka hua. Ma nā kumulāʻau o nā mea palaʻu e ulu ai nā mea kanu (nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo nā mea kanu makuahine), a ma nā mea kanu lāʻau ʻole, he mea ulu mua lākou ma mua o nā mea hānau. Ma kēlā me kēia ʻumi kumuhā, hoʻokumu ʻia nā mea kanu a kāna kaikamahine - nā rosettes a me kahi ʻōpala hou. Hiki i kēlā me kēia lāʻau uterine ke hāʻawi mai 10 a 30 mau makele.

Eia nō naʻe, no ka kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu hou, ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia nā kumu o nā mea kanu hua, i ʻole e hoʻokuʻi i nā pōpoki i ʻole a me nā maʻi me lākou. No ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā huaʻai aloha kūlohelohe i ʻole nā ​​maʻi, hoʻohana ʻia ka waipuna makuahine e hāʻawi ʻole i kahi hua. E kiʻi i nā hua loina kiʻekiʻe, waiho ʻia ka mea kanu ma ka pūnaewele me ka lepo momona maikaʻi, i pale ʻia mai ka makani a ʻāʻihi paha. Manaʻo ʻia ka mākaukau loa ma ke kahua ka mea e ulu a maikaʻi ai nā mea kanu a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu i mua o nā hua lāʻau, a i ʻole ka pūnaewele ma lalo o ka uahi a ʻona (manuahi mai nā mea kanu).

Kūkulu ʻia nā hua Elite o nā hua lāʻau i loko o ka waiʻona makuahine

Kūpula ʻia nā kekena no nā mea kanu, he lōʻihi o ʻelua mau makahiki. E like me ke kānāwai, ua kanu ʻia nā huaʻala hua elite i loko o ka wai o ka makuahine; ua kanu ʻia lākou i ka pūnāwai (ma waena o Mei) a i ka ʻūhā (ʻo ʻAukake a i ke kakahiaka mua paha ʻo Kepakemapa).

1. Hoʻopau nā pua pua ma nā ʻōpū uterine.
2. I ka wā e kūkulu ai ka lāʻau ʻōpala i kahi ngeri me ka rosette, ua waiho ʻia aku lākou ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka lālani.
3. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kumu paʻa i ka lepo a kāpīpī ʻia me ka honua no ka lawaiʻa ʻana.
4. Ma ke kaʻina o nā mea kanu hoʻoulu, e hoʻohui mau ʻia ʻo ia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea pīhoihoi a mai kahi kolo me ka pīpī paha. Pono ka liʻiliʻi o ka wai i ka wai e hōʻemi ma kahi o 1.5-2 mau ipu i 1 square. m
5. Ma hope o ka hoʻouluʻana, e wehe ʻia nā pā a ua hoʻonani ʻia.
6. Ua luku ʻia nā nāhelehele i hoʻopau ʻia ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana me nā hopena o nā mea kanu.

ʻO ka hale kiʻi kiʻi: ka kanu a me nā mea kanu e ulu ana i nā hua kanu lāʻau

ʻO nā hua o ke ʻano maikaʻi e pono:

• makahiki;
• me nā aʻa o 5-7 cm a i ʻole;
• me 3-5 (a ʻoi aʻe) ulu ulu maikaʻi;
• me ka ʻole o nā meaʻino a me nā hōʻailona o ka wilting;
• me kahi ʻōpiopio maikaʻi i kūkulu ʻia i ka pū;
• me kahi ʻōnaehana fibrous.
  

  Pono nā hua o nā hua lāʻau me nā hua apical i ulu maikaʻi ʻia

No ka kanu kanu, ua ʻōpala nā hua lāʻau ʻōpala i ʻAukake a ʻo ʻAkakopa a kanu koke ʻia i ka lepo. Inā hoʻolālā ʻia ka kanu ʻana i ka pūnāwai, hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia nā mea kanu ma ka liʻiliʻi o ka ea a me ka mahana i ka mahina o ʻOkakopa a Nowemapa, a laila puaʻa nā lau a ʻeli ʻia. Pono e mālamaʻia nā mea kanu me ka manuahi, waiho ʻia i loko o nā ʻeke a waiho ʻia i loko o ka friji i kahi mahana o 0-3 ° C a i loko o kahi manuahi. Ua kapa ʻia kēlā ʻano hua like frigo.

ʻO ka palaʻai o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hua laʻu ʻōpala o "frigo" (waiho ʻia nā hua kanu i mālama ʻia i loko o ka pauka paʻa ʻana i ka lewa ma mua o ke kanu ʻana. Loaʻa ka maikaʻi o kēia seedling e mālama ia i loko o ka friji i -20 ° C a hiki ke lawe ʻia no ka kanu ʻana i ka wā maikaʻi. Ma nā ʻāina hema, e aʻo aku nā ʻepekema i nā mea kanu no ka mālama ʻana i Nowemapa a me Dekemaba, ma ka ʻĀkau nui - i ʻOkakopa a me Nowemapa. ʻO kahi hōʻailona nui o ka mākaukau o nā mea kanu ka mea e waiho i ka ʻona polū o nā aʻa i hoʻonui ʻia mai ka rhizome. I nā mea kanu eli, pono e holoi pono i ka lepo mai nā aʻa aʻe i nā 2-3. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā lau, hoʻopili ʻia nā mea kanu a waiho ʻia i loko o nā ʻeke he mau pahu umauma palupalu 0,05 mm, mālama ʻia me ka hopena hoʻonāuki o Fundazole, palu liʻiliʻi ia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

ʻO E. Yaroslavtsev, moho i nāʻike ʻepekema.

ʻOihana Paʻi Mana Waihona, No. 2, 2010

Vitio: kanu i nā hua kanu strawberry

Hōʻike pinepine ia i ka māla o ka mea māla me ka ʻano o nā hua i kanu ʻia, akā koi ke kanu ʻana i ka hoʻonui. I kēia hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā mea kanu mai kāu pūnaewele ponoʻī. I kēia hihia, makemake ʻia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā ia mai nā mea palupalu, e hana kolohe. ʻO ka ala e ʻoi loa ka hoʻomālamalama i nā mea kanu i ka wai wela. Hāʻawi kēia ʻenehana i ka luku ʻana i ka nematode a me ka pākaʻi ʻōpala. Hoʻopili maikaʻi nā lāʻau wela i ka puna.

ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka mālama wela ke kauwela, aʻo ka hoʻomaha a nā mea kanu.

1. Lawe i ʻelua mau pahu o nāʻokoʻa like ʻole. Hoʻokahi kau pahu i loko o kahi ʻē aʻe a ma waena o lākou i loaʻa kahi wahi ʻole no ka wai.
2. Ma ka lalo o kahi pahu nui, e kau ʻia nā poloka lāʻau ma kahi o kahi kekona, kahi pahu i loko.
3. Hoʻopiha ʻia nā ipu ʻelua i ka wai wela a kau i ke ahi. Pono ka wai +48 ^ºC. He waiwai ka lalo ma lalo - ʻaʻole e luku ʻia nā pōpoki.
4. Hōʻike ʻia nā mea kanu "i lalo" a me nā aʻa i loko o ka pahu i loko no 15 mau minuke.
5. A laila hemo a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou ma ke ala like no nā minuke 10-15 i ka wai anuanu, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi - i kahi momona palupalu a ʻōpō o ka potassium permanganate.

No ke ana ʻana i ka mahana i ka wā o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hua, ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi thermometer wai kūikawā me nā mahele o ka 0.5 ºС.

Inā e hoʻolālā e hoʻohana i nā hua i kūʻai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻōpala, pono nō hoʻi e hana no ka disinfection. A i ʻole, kanu ʻia nā mea kanu e like me ka mea i wehewehe ʻia ma ka ʻāpana "Ke kanu ʻana i nā hua pua me nā hua kanu."

Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea kanu, ʻokiʻoki wau i nā lau nui loa, ke waiho iki i hoʻokahi lau a me ka puʻuwai maoli. Ke nānā pono nei wau i nā aʻa, ʻokiʻoki i nā wahi ʻilihua āpau i ke kino olakino. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia nā mea kanu i kēia ala no 10 mau minuke i kahi hoʻonā Tiovit-Jet, i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e like me nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi, a i ʻole he hopena o ka huaʻala colloidal. Ma hope o kēlā, holoi wau i nā mea kanu me ka wai. Ninini wau i nā lua kanu me kahi hopena o Humate. Hoʻokomo wau i ka mea kanu i ka lua a i ʻole e huli ke aʻa a ua kū ka naʻau i ka pae o ka ʻili o ka ʻāina.

Yulia Babenko, kahu hānai, Voronezh

Pa Hale Helu Mahiai, No. 3, 2010

Mālama i lalo o ka uhi uhi ʻeleʻele

E hoʻolōʻihi i ka hiki ʻana i ka huaʻai i loko o kēia mau makahiki i hala. He kūpono kēia no ka:

• ma kahi lā ʻā, ua hoʻomoʻo ka lepo ma lalo o ke kiʻi ʻeleʻele me ka ikaika, a i ke ahiahi e hoʻomau ana ke kiʻi i kahi wela no ka manawa lōʻihi;
• mālama ʻia ka lepo i ka lepo no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻoiai ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka wai mai lalo o ke kiʻi liʻiliʻi;
• ʻAʻohe pono no ka uhuki pinepine ʻana i nā nāhelehele, ʻaʻole hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka lepo ma nā lālani. I ka makahiki mua o ka hua o nā lau, nā nāhelehele nā ​​mea ua nāu i nā mea kanu (ma loko o nā lua i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni) a hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā lālima 3-4;
• ʻaʻohe pili o nā hua hua me ka lepo, no laila e hoʻomau maʻemaʻe i ka manawa a pau e hoʻopau ai. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻohe pilikia o nā maʻi o nā māla huaʻai i nā maʻi a me ka hōʻino ʻia e nā pōpilikia;
• ʻaʻole e hoʻohiki ke kinikini me nā ʻeke i hiki ke holoi maʻalahi i ka mea pono;
• Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka kiʻi i ka moena a i ʻole e kau i nā manawa āpau i ke kanu ʻana o nā hua pua, ʻo ia hoʻi a hiki i 3-4 mau makahiki.
  

  Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia no nā mea i uhi ʻia no nāōpala no 2-3 mau makahiki

ʻO nā hemahema o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana i nā kumu lāʻau ʻulaʻula e pili ana:

• pilikia o ka kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu ma o nā puka hoʻi no ke kanu ʻana;
• ka wela ma ke kūlana he wela nui i ke kauwela - hiki ke nānā ʻia i nā lau ma nā lau. I mea e pale ʻole ai i kēia, i ke kauwela me ka wela wela, ka mauʻu a i ʻole ka lau maloʻo ka lūlū ʻia ma luna o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni.

Kūkulu huaʻala ma lalo o kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni me penei:

1. ʻO kahi moena i hoʻomākaukau ʻia a hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ma ke ala maʻamau ua uhi ʻia me ka kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻeleʻele, hoʻoiho ma nā ʻaoʻao a i ʻole ke hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā kihi me nā lako improvised (papa, nā pāheona metala, nā ʻāpana slabs, etc.).
2. E like me ka papa hana maʻamau maʻamau, ua ʻoki ʻia nā lua me ka diameter o 5-7 cm i loko o ke kiʻi, kahi i kanu ʻia ai nā mea kanu.

I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomalu ʻia nā aʻa o nā strawberry ma lalo o ka kiʻi mai ka hau, a i ka pūnāwai ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hau ma ka ʻeleʻele i mua aʻe o ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka honua. I ka wā e hāʻule ai ka hau, hiki ke kau ʻia i nā ʻūpī ma luna o kahi moena a uhi ʻia i kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. Me kēia ala o ka mālama ʻana, e pua ana nā huaʻala o 2 mau hebedoma ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻole. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pua, pono ke hāpai ʻia ka kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ma kahi ʻaoʻao e hoʻolako ai i ka hoʻohuihui a me ke komo ʻana e nā pepeke no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā mea kanu.

I ka wā o ka pua, pono e hoʻāla ʻia ke kiʻi ma luna o ka mauʻu ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi e hāʻawi i ka pono a me ke komo ʻana no ka huina e nā pepeke

Inā ulu nā hua pua i ulu ʻia i kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni e hoʻomohala, hana lākou i kēia:

1. ʻO ka ʻōmaha me nā kumu e kau ʻia ma kahi pahu me ka lepo maloʻo a hoʻopili ʻia me ke kaula.
2. Aia ka aʻa ka mea e hoʻopau i ke aʻa, e ʻoki ʻia a hoʻoulu ʻia i kahi paʻa.

Hiki i kekahi mea ke kumu o ke kiʻi no ka polimerika mea kūʻai (ʻo 5 mau manawa a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni) pepa pepa thermohydrophobic kūikawā, kahi mea e kāpae nei ma hope o ka pau ʻana o kona ola me ka ʻole e hoʻopiʻi i ka lepo.

Yu.V. Trunov, Kauka o ka ʻepekema Kūʻai, Kūʻai

"Nui ka hua." Hale Paʻi "KolosS", Moscow, 2012

E like me ka mea ʻenehana hou a me ka pono no ka kanu ʻana i nā māla kūlaʻu ma kahi uhi uhi, hoʻohana ʻia nā mea pono ʻole - agrotex a i ʻole spanbond. Hoʻohālikelike kēia mau mea kūpono i ka kiʻi ʻonika i loko o kahi puʻukū (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka leakū hāpau) a me ka hanu, no laila ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka kanu ʻana a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka ʻāina.

Wikiō: nā kanu lāʻau i lalo o nā kumu mahiai

Kūkuluʻia nā māla māla i ka pūnāwai

Aia ʻike ʻia nā ulu o ka māla lau maikaʻi a hua nui i ka hua ma kahi e like ai no 3-4 mau makahiki. A laila ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka hopena a me ka maikaʻi o nā huaʻa. E hoʻolōʻihi i ka hua o nā mea kanu, ke hoʻohili ʻia i kahi hou. ʻAʻole pono ke hoʻololi i nā strawberry me nā hua lāʻau. ʻElua a he ʻekolu paha o nā kumulāʻau mau mea kūpono loa no kēia, ʻoiai inā he kiʻekiʻe nā ʻōuli kiʻekiʻe.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoulu, a me ka pae ʻāina, i ka pūnāwai, ke kauwela a i ʻole ka hāʻule - e like me nā mea wai a me nā kūlana kumu. I nā wahi hema, ua manaʻo ʻia ka pua nani ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻololi ʻana, no laila e pua nā hua lāʻau transplanted i ka pūnāwai a hoʻohua i kahi hua. Ma ke kūkulu ʻākau a waena paha, e makemake ʻia kahi hoʻololi mua-puna kauwela.

Wikiō: nā hāleʻa laupili i ka puna

Hoʻomaka ʻia kahi ʻano kuhi hou no ka ulu ʻana i nā hua puaa i kahi hoʻolālā no ka kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu a mea kanu. Hoʻohui like ka ʻōnaehana hana me ka papa hana, me ka ʻokoʻa wale nō ka mea i ke kihapai ʻana i kahi mea kanu, ua kikoʻī ʻia me ke ʻala o ka honua e hoʻopuni ana i nā aʻa. ʻAʻole hiki ke kanu hohonu i ka pua o nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia i ka lepo, pono ke kū pono ka pua apical ma ka pae o ka ʻili o ka ʻāina. Ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana, pono e hoʻoulu nui ʻia ka mea kanu a hoʻomōkū i ka lepo a puni ka lāʻau.

Ke kanu ʻana i nā māla ma nā wahi

Ke kanu a kanu i nā māla ʻōpala i nā wahi, pono e noʻonoʻo pono i nā kūlana mākeke o ka wahi, ka lōʻihi o ka manawa wela a me ka ea o ka hau i ka hoʻoilo a me ka hoʻoilo, ka nui a me ka ʻole o ka hau ma ka hoʻoilo, ʻike ka ulu ʻana i ka wai a i ʻole ka wai ʻana o ka lepo. aia wale nō ma lalo o ka uhi hau. Hōʻemi i ke kauwela i ka hopena o ke kuhi i ka -10 ^ºC i ka hala ole o ka uhi hau kahi i hoʻoiho ʻia ai ka manuahi, a ma -15 ^ºC ko lakou make. Ma lalo o kahi papa o ka hau me ka mānoanoa o 20 cm a ʻoi aku paha, ʻae ʻia ka strawberry i nā pōkole pōkole a hiki i -25-30 ^ºC. I ka nui o nā wahi, ʻo ka mea pōpilikia nui loa ka hāʻule o ka mahana i loko o ka hāʻule, ma mua o ka hāʻule o ka hau, a i ka pūnāwai, ma hope o ka hoʻoheʻe ʻana.

I Belarus

ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka kanu ʻana i nā strawberry ma Belarus - he hopena hope loa o ʻApelila a i ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o Mei. I kēia manawa, ua lawa a lawa ka lepo, a mālama ʻia ka mahana o ka ea i loko o 10-18 ^ºC. Hiki kēia i nā mea ʻōpio i ke aʻa a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomohala koke i ka aʻa a me ka lāʻau ulu. No ka mea pōkole ka kauwela ma Belarus, akā maikaʻi a ua anu, nā ʻano hua ʻala o nā ʻōpala zoned e ulu maikaʻi loa a hua mai:

• Kokinskaya kakahiaka
• Lviv kakahiaka.

Hoʻohana kūpono no Belarus a me nā ʻano o ka hua waena hua like ʻole.

• Kai lealea,
• Roxana

Kiʻi kiʻi: zoned ʻano o nā lau lāʻau ʻōpala nui-fruited no Belarus

Ua hōʻoiaʻiʻo maikaʻi ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole iā lākou iho. ʻO nā mea momona aʻe he mau makahiki a he ʻelua a ʻelua mau makahiki, i nā makahiki ma hope aku, ua emi loa ka hua. ʻO kēia ma muli o ke anuanu o ke aniani a Belarus. Hoʻopiliʻia, i nā pahu hau mihini me ka hau liʻiliʻi, hiki i nā lāʻau ke hoʻokaʻawale.

No ka kanu ʻana, ʻoi aku nā kūpono o nā kahe e pili ana i ka hema a me nā hema o ke komohana, ʻo ia ka mea kūpono loa e ka lā. Inā loaʻa ka lepo wai i ka pūnaewele no ka kanu ʻana, pono e kanu i nā māla pua ma nā pālahalaha nui e pale ai i ka hina hina. I ka hapa nui o Belarus, ua kūpono ka hoʻouluʻana o ka lepo no ka ulu ʻana i kēia hōʻola, me ka ʻokoʻa ʻole o ka ʻāina mauʻu a me nā ʻāina.

He maʻamau ke kaʻina hana kanu, hiki ke kanu ʻia ma ke kahua ākea a ma lalo o ka uhi i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni a i ʻole agrofibre. Ma mua o ke kau anuanu, e pono ai e hoʻomoʻi ʻia nā moena me nā lau huaʻai a uhi ʻia me ka mauʻu, sawdust, kiʻi a i ʻole nā ​​lau maloʻo. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻolaha ʻia e hoʻohui hou i ka hau ma nā moena.

I Ukraine

ʻIke ʻia nā lāʻau kūloko ma Ukraine i hoʻokahi o nā mea kanu hua ʻai nui. Hoʻomoʻa ʻia kona hoʻouluulu ʻana e ka mālamalama, hoʻoluʻolu a me nā ʻāina chernozem momona. ʻO nā wahi nui o ka mahiʻai ke kuʻuna o ka hema a me nā komohana o Ukraine.

Wikiō: nā kanu lāʻau ma Ukraine

Kanu ʻia nā Strawberry i ka manawa mahana holoʻokoʻa, mai ka Pōʻalima a hiki i ʻAukake. I nā palena hema i ka puna mua, i loko o ke kikowaena a me ke komohana - i ka hopena o ʻApelila a i mua paha o Mei. Mahalo i nā lō'ōmaʻomaʻo maloʻo, nā mea kanu ke kanu i ka hapanui ma ka hāʻule e hiki ai ke loaʻa ka hua mua i ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela o ka makahiki e hiki mai ana.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāina ma ka ʻaoʻao hema ma nā wahi me ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau a me ke kūkulu ʻākau, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ma ka ʻaoʻao hema a me ka hikina hele pono aku ka lepo i ka wikiwiki. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā mea kanu a mālama pono i nā huaola ma Ukraine, akā i ke kauwela wela i ke kauwela, pono e hoʻolako ʻia nā mea kanu me ka wai maʻamau.

I Siberia

I Siberia, ua kanu maikaʻi nā hua laʻana i ka puna, mai ka hopena o ʻApelila a waena o Mei. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka makemake o kekahi mau māla i ka kanu kanu. No ka hoʻouluʻana, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, nā ʻano ulu mua i ke kū ʻana i nā maʻi ʻoi aku ka kūpono. Ma nā ʻāina Siberian, ulu mau ka māla huaʻai i nā hua no nā makahiki ʻelua, a laila e pono hou nā lāʻau kanu.

I mea e pale ʻole ai i lalo o nā lāʻau i ka wā lūlū, pono ia e uhi i nā mea kanu ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke aniani ea liʻiliʻi i ka -2 ^ºC. Ma kahi e lilo ai i wahi e waiho ai no ka mauʻu no ka wā hoʻoilo, hoʻohana ʻia ka mulch, agromaterial, a me ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni. I ka pūnāwai, i ka wā o nā kaila, i pale ʻole ʻia ai nā mea kanu ma nā moena, pono e mālama ʻia ka hoʻoilo ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pale a i ʻole nā ​​lālā nui.

I ka wā wela o Siberia, pono e hoʻokau ʻia ka hoʻoilo ma luna o nā moena me nā kīkī māla e pale ai i ka manuahi lāʻau

ʻO ke kaʻina o ke kanu a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka māla strawberry ma Siberia ʻokoʻa ʻole ka maʻamau. No ka hoʻoikaika i nā mea kanu a me nā hua maikaʻi i ka pūnāwai, hoʻohui ʻia nā kākahu foliar me nā mea hoʻoulu hou no nā huaʻa. Kūkulu hua:

• ma mua o ka pua ʻana
• i ka pau ʻana o nā hua
• i ka wā o ka ʻala ʻana o ka hua.

Wikiō: nā māla laupaʻa ma lalo o nā uhi uhi

Hoʻopili nui nā māla i ka mahiʻai ʻana o nā māla lau i nā makahiki. E pili ana kēia i ka kanu ʻana i nā hua kanu ma ka wahi ākea ma lalo o nā pā kiʻi (hoʻomaka a i ka hopena o Iune), e ulu ana i nā huaʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenekalan konupenepila (ʻelua mau makahiki o Iune a i ka hopena o Iulai), me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo hoʻoilo (mai Ianuali a Mei a hiki i Kepakemapa). ʻO nā ala āpau e kanu ai a me nā mea kanu e ulu ana i nā kīhāpai e ulu ana, e pili ana i ka mālama maikaʻi a me ka ʻenehana ʻoihana mahiai, e hāʻawi i nā hua kiʻekiʻe a paʻa i nā hua momona.