ʻO ka'āina ma waena o nā muliwaiʻo Don a me Kuban ke kapaʻiaʻo "Gate of the Caucasus". Ma nāʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o Don, e like me ka Caucasus, ua ulu nā hua waina no nā makahiki he mau makahiki.
Ua hoʻopōmaikaʻiʻia ka pilina kahiko o nā kānaka o Rūsia e Peter I, akā ua lilo kēia māhele i ka waena o ka ulu lāʻau ma nā lā he 30 o ka iwakālua kekeli, i ka wā i hoʻokomoʻia ai kaʻoihana i nā alakino hana, a ua hoʻololiʻia kona uluʻana i kaʻepekema.
Ke hoʻomauʻia nei o ka mō'ī
Ua hoʻomohalaʻia ke kumukānāwai noiʻi e hoʻonui i ke kalo o ka uluʻana o nā mea kanuʻole i kū i ka'āina - nā hua waina.
Krasokhina Svetlana Ivanovna
ʻO ka pahuhopu hanohano o ka poʻeʻepekema -ʻo ka hoʻouluʻana i kēia moʻomeheu i ka'ākau a me ka hoʻokumuʻana i kahi papahanaʻoihanaʻoihana waiwai no ka waina waina.
Uaʻikeʻia nā māla hoʻokolohua a me nā kahu hānai ma nā wahi'ē aʻe, ua paʻa nā piliʻoihana me nāʻoihanaʻepekema a me ka waina ma nāʻaelike. Ua hoʻokomoʻia kahi 200 mauʻimi noiʻi i ka hana o ka hoʻohui a me ka hoʻololiʻana i nāʻanoʻano "lāpili".
Ma waena o nā mea hoʻokipa, ka hapanui o nā kāne kāne,ʻo ke kohoʻana o kahi wahine'ōpiopio,ʻo ia hoʻiʻo Svetlana Ivanovna Krasokhina, heʻelele o kaʻohana aliʻi waina a pau, i loaʻa ka mahalo. I kēia manawaʻo Krasokhina ka wainaʻo S.I. he wahi alakaʻi ia i ka kaulana.
Ma ka moʻolelo o Svetlana Ivanovna:
- ka wekelē ma kaʻoihana mahiʻai a me nā mea kanu;
- 85 paʻi hana;
- kahi o ka mea noiʻi alakaʻi;
- 3 nā palapala hōʻailona no nā hana hana e pili ana i ka kālaiʻana i ka māla waina;
- 4 nā palapala kope kope no nāʻano i komoʻia i loko o ka Register;
- co-haku kākau ma ka hanaʻana i 6 mauʻano hou (eʻai ana a me kaʻenehana);
- ka'āponoʻana o 150 mau hua waina;
- kōkua kōkua ma ke kahua.
ʻO kona hoihoi i nāʻano hua liʻiliʻi a me nāʻano momona ma keʻano likeʻole o keʻano o kēlāʻanoʻokoʻa e like me nā hua waina, he hui piha, kahi i kapaʻiaʻo "Krasokhina hua waina."
"Nō Krasokhina"
He aha ka manaʻo o ka hua waina ma ke kamaʻilioʻana e pili ana i nā "Krasokhina grades"? ʻO kēia mauʻoihana,ʻo nā mea nui a pau, he mau hōʻokoʻa iʻikeʻia i ka hoʻouluʻana i nā meaʻawaʻawa.
ʻO ka hui mua: Talisman, Alex, Zolotinka (Galbenaʻike) a me Balkanovsky.
I ka lua - Platovsky a Muscat Crystal.
I ka hoʻomohalaʻana - he "Pink Cloud", "Refrigerator", "Giant".
I ka nīnauʻiaʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea ulu lāʻau ulu i nā mea kanu,'ōlelo mauʻo Krasokhina: "ʻO ka mea hoʻonāuki nui keʻano o ka mahi mahiʻai a me ka hoʻomanawanui o ka mea hoʻomana."
Nā wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Paʻi Talisman
"ʻO Talisman" ("Kesha 1") he papaʻaina maikaʻi loa o nā hua waina keʻokeʻo me ka ho'ākākaʻana i nāʻono (8 mau helu).
Hanaʻia e:
- ka nui o nā hua a me ka lima (e hiki i ka 2 kg);
- i makaukau no ka ulu ana i ka makahiki 2 mahope iho o ka pae ana i ka honua;
- nā lāʻelemakule - ka hopena;
- hiki ke hoʻonui i ka nui o nā popo i ka nahele - pono e hoʻomanaʻoʻia;
- ʻO ke kumu nui o kaʻano likeʻole,ʻo ke kū'ēʻana i ka maʻi a me ke kūpaʻa paʻakikī (hiki i ka 25 ° C).
ʻO nāʻano papa keʻokeʻo kekahi e komo pū ana me White Delight, Novocherkassk Amethyst a me Anthony the Great.
No ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i nāʻano o keʻano,'ōlelo ka mea kākau i ke noiʻana i ka mea kanu i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe me ka hoʻohālikelike hiki ke hoʻololiʻia, kaʻaiʻana i ka palekana, ka pollination a me ka hoʻomanaʻoʻana o ke kulanui.
Aia ma keʻanoʻokoʻa me kaʻina waina "Talisman" i loaʻa ma ka kiʻi:
ʻO Alex Grape
ʻO ka hua waina "Alex" (VI -3-3-8) he papaʻaina ia o nā hua waina keʻokeʻo kahiko (115 mau lā). Nā Regina o ka mahiʻaiʻana - Ka Pāpū a me Hema o Russia,ʻo ka Hikina hikina loa. Nā Mākua: Paʻipaʻi a me nā mea hauʻoliʻo Moldovan.
Hanaʻia e:
- he mea kanu ikaika me ka wānana o ke awelika;
- puka ulu;
- He mau'ōmaʻomaʻoʻeleʻele me nāʻokoʻa kele i nāʻaoʻaoʻelua, he pālahalaha nui, me kahi laupoe'ōwili;
- ʻO ka wiliʻana o nā wana'ōpiopio he 70%;
- nā pū'āina hua elongated (a 35 knm), kaumaha (hiki i ka 1 kg);
- he nui nāʻanoʻano, he'iliʻoluʻu me ka hue gula ma kaʻaoʻao hikina;
- he palupalu kaʻili akā he palupalu;
- ka hōʻailonaʻai - 8.2;
- hiki i ka'ōpili ke koho pono iā ia iho i nā ovese;
- ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana, hoʻomauʻia ke kaʻina hana kōpaʻa i ka hua;
- ke anuanu o ke anuanu - a hiki i ka -25 ° C;
- mea hōʻona i nā maʻi maʻi nui (i 3.5 mau helu) me phylloxera;
- Ua kūpono no ka laweʻana a me ka hoʻoukaʻana aku.
ʻO ka kū'ē i ka maʻi ke hiki iā ia ke kaena aku iā Augustine, Liang lāuaʻo Levokumsky.
Pili keʻano i kaʻaoʻao hema a me ke komohana, akā eʻoluʻolu ana i ka kanuʻana ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa.
Eʻike i nā kiʻi o ka 'ulu waina "Alex" ma lalo nei:
Nā hua waina Zolotinka
"Zolotinka" ("Galbenaʻike", "New Yellow") heʻano ulu nui i ka papaʻaina keʻokeʻo me kahi lālā ulu nui loa (105 mau lā).
Nā Mākua: Moldavian White Hauwaina maikaʻi a me nāʻanoʻano kekeʻole Korinka Russian, me nā hana o ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻoilo.
Hanaʻia e:
- ka hua o nā'ōpiopio'ōpiopio a hiki i 85%;
- ka ulu mua i ka huaʻana ma hope o ke kanuʻana i ka lepo (2-3 mau makahiki);
- nui, i hoʻopiliʻia, a hiki wale i 700 grams. kaumaha;
- nā huaʻoluʻolu o ke kala amber, nui (8gr) a puni;
- ka mea paʻi i ka wai 24%;
- hiki ke hoʻolālā i kahi kīʻaha i ka 8;
- ʻo ia ka waiwai nui o ke kumukānāwai āpau;
- maikaʻi nā lālā eʻoki ai;
- hiki ke pale i nā huapalapa putrefactive a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (i lalo i -27 ° C).
ʻO ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka sugar e hoʻomaopopo ana iā Aladdin, Delight White a me King Ruby.
ʻO keʻano o ka hoʻoikaika ikaikaʻana o nā lālā,ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻokōʻia ai ka hoʻouluʻana (kahi he 40 cm o nāʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ke pipi) i nā makahiki mua o ka hanaʻiaʻana o ka nāhelehele.
ʻO nā hua waina "Zolotinka" ma ke kiʻi:
Paʻi Baklanovsky
"Baklanovsky" ("Nānā mua", "Nalu maikaʻi", "'Oval") - nā hua waina māla waina. ʻO 115 mau lā wale nō ka lōʻihi.
ʻO nā mākua kāne: Nā huaʻona a me ka nani o Ukrainian variety Original.
Hanaʻia e:
- ka mana ulu nui;
- huaʻai o nā'ōpuʻu o ka makahiki mua o ke ola a hiki i 85%;
- ka hua - 120z / ha;
- ʻO nā huawaina he conical a iʻole like paha,ʻaʻole i lahilahi, i ke kaumaha paʻa (i ka 2 kg);
- ua pālahalahaʻia nā hua waina, me kahiʻiʻoʻala a me kaʻiʻo;
- meaʻoluʻolu, kaulike i ke kō a me ka'aleʻa;
- ʻO ka lālā maikaʻi loa - me 2-4 mau lālā i koe;
- hiki i ka ma hope o ka hoʻomahaʻana, e hoʻomau i 1.5 mau mahina ma luna o nā kumulāʻau me ka halaʻole o nāʻano o nā mea hoʻohana;
- hoʻohanaʻia e like me kahi mea kūʻai;
- kūpono no ka laweʻana;
- hōʻemi i nā maʻi nui o ka moʻomeheu (phylloxera pilikia);
No ka'ōpala o nā mea kanu,ʻo ia hoʻiʻo Arched, Gurzuf Pink a me Del Delight.
E nānā i nā hua waina "Baklanovsky" penei:
ʻO ka hua wainaʻo Platovsky
ʻO ka papa wainaʻo "Platovskiy" ("Early Dawn") heʻanoʻona waina (ka honua) iʻikeʻia e kahi manawaʻoi loa o ka uluʻana (hoʻokahi 110 mau lā wale nō).
Aia i waena o nāʻano loea Bianka, Levokumsky a me Krasa Beam.
Māhele o ka māhele: Ke kikowaena a me ka hema o Russia, Siberia, ka hikina loa. Nā Mākua: He mau kupa Crimean Ma Machaka a me "Zelendande" ("Hall denda").
Hanaʻia e:
- kahi kūlana kūʻokoʻa (hiki i - 30 ° C);
- ka ikaika ulu;
- ka ulu ulu lauoho;
- ʻO keʻano o ka hāʻawiʻana o ka hua heʻano liʻiliʻi: heʻuʻuku nā hua (a hiki i ka 2 grams), ua liʻiliʻi hoʻi nā'ōpala dense (hiki i 200g);
- nā hua me kaʻulaʻula a me ka lahilahi o kaʻili;
- hopenaʻai - 8.4;
- nā'ōpuʻu piha, bisexual pua;
- loaʻa iā ia he kōpaʻa he 20%, e hoʻoholo ana i kaʻono o nā hua me he meaʻoluʻolu ia i ka hikiʻana o ka moa;
- ka ulu o ka ulu hou i 85%;
- ka lōʻihi lōʻihi;
- i nā hua waina, ke hoʻomauʻia nei ke kaʻina hana kōpaʻa i ka hopena o ka manawa ulu;
- hiki ke mālama, hiki ke loaʻa i ka uluʻana, ikaika i ka uluʻana;
- ke kūʻokoʻa i ka bacteria putrefactive.
I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hua a me ka hopena o nāʻano likeʻole, pono pono ke hana i kahi palekana a hemo i nā wana ulu i kahi manawa kūpono.
A laila, hiki iāʻoe keʻike ma keʻano kapi waina kiʻi "Platovsky":
ʻO nā hua waina Muscat Pridonsky
"ʻO Muscat Pridonsky" heʻanoʻano waina maikaʻi ma keʻano o ka uluʻana.
ʻO ka makua kāne:ʻO ka European vine variety "Orion" (ka māhele'āina - Kelemānia a me ke aupuniʻoʻAmelika Huipūʻia) a me ka pilikino pili honua (Russia).
Hanaʻia e:
- ulu ulu nui;
- ka hua kiʻekiʻe (hiki i 95%) o ka makahiki mua;
- pua nani bisexual;
- ka pepa liʻiliʻi nui (250g);
- i ke 'ano hiki ke hoʻonani' ia i nā huaʻala maikaʻi me ka paʻakai no ka inu waina (20%);
- ka palekana i nā maʻi nui o kēia moʻomeheu a me ka hoʻomanawanui i phylloxera;
- ke ahonui i nā mahana haʻahaʻa a hiki i 27 ° C (me kahi hanana'ē aʻe);
- Loaʻa kānaʻaiʻai i ka wainaʻawaʻawa - 8.6; e like me kaʻono - 9.4.
ʻO ka waina homeland -ʻOʻEulopa,ʻoiaiʻo ia ka waina waina ma nā papa'āina. ʻO ka hapanui o nā hua waina he keʻokeʻo No laila,ʻo nāʻoihana kūpono no ka hanaʻana i nā waina keʻokeʻo he mea nuiʻole.
E nānā i keʻano o nā hua waina "Muscat Pridonsky" ma ka kiʻi ma lalo nei:
ʻO nā hua wainaʻeleʻele Crystal Muscat
ʻO ka Crystal Muscat (9-2-pk) heʻano hoʻolaha hou. Hoʻohanaʻia no ka hōʻiliʻili hou a ma keʻano he kumu waiwai i ka waina.
ʻO nā mākua kāne: Talisman a me Muscat Delight. He mea maikaʻi ia ma nā wahi āpau me ke kauwela lā aʻaʻole hoʻi iʻoi aku ka maʻalahi i ka hoʻoilo.
Hanaʻia e:
- ka ulu muaʻole (i ka mahinaʻoʻAukake);
- ʻO nā pua nani bisexual;
- ua ohiʻia nā hua i loko o ka pulupulu o nāʻano liʻiliʻi (hiki i 1000g);
- nā hua 'amber-colored, nui loa (6gr);
- ʻo ka pulp he meaʻono, crunchy, me ka hua'ōlelo'alapona momona;
- hopenaʻai - 8.6 mau helu;
- ʻO ke kōpaʻa he 20%, hiki ke hoʻohana i ka hua i ka waina waina;
- He kiʻekiʻe loa nā'ōmaʻa, e hoʻomaopopo i ka makemakeʻana o nā ovaries;
- me ka loaʻaʻole o kahi malumalu, hoʻololi ia ka mahana i -25 ° C;
- ʻaʻole e pānaʻiʻia e ka hina hina, akā, ke ho'āʻo mauʻia nei i nā maʻi'ē aʻe;
- hoʻohanaʻia i ka hanaʻana i nā meaʻono a me nā waina wili.
ʻO Muscat e like me kaʻano wainaʻoi aʻe ma mua o Roma. I kēia lāʻo ia ka mea nui o ka hānauʻana. Ka nui o nā mea kaulana: ka'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo, ka'ōmaʻomaʻo, Hungarian, Hamburg,ʻeleʻele.
Eʻike i nā huapalaina o nā hua waina "Muscat Crystal":
Ka nānā
I kēia manawa,ʻo ka hana hānau, e mālamaʻia e S.I Krasokhina, ke manaʻo nei:
- ke kāpiliʻana i ka papaʻaina i nā mea kanuʻanoʻoleʻole;
- hui pū me ka papaʻaina o nā hua waina a me ke kūpikipiki;
- ke kāpiliʻana i nāʻano pālahalaha me kahi wā ulu pōkole;
- imi i nā huahana i hanaʻia o nā pai kīnā lalo;
- ke aʻo nei i nā hanana o ka hoʻololiʻana o nā mea hōʻiliʻili kaulana i nāʻano o ka hema o Rusia;
- ka hanaʻana o nāʻano lawaiʻa i hanaʻoleʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻokipaʻana i nā meaʻenehana;
- ke kālepa i nāʻanoʻokoʻaʻano loiloiʻole e like me nā mea kanu no ka mahiʻai ma Pridonie;
- ke kāpiliʻana o nāʻano hou (hoʻohanaʻia o kaʻike mua) me ke kū'ēʻana i ka hōʻino o nā māla waina - phylloxera.
Ke hoʻomau nei ia e kakali no nā mea hana waina hou mai ka mea kumulāʻau'enekema.
