ʻO Tagil ka pua o nā bipi

Inā makemakeʻoe e hoʻomaka i ka hānaiʻana i kaʻiʻo a me nā bipi waiū e makemakeʻole ana e mālama,ʻaʻole ia e koi i nā kumukūʻai waiwai nui no ka mālamaʻana, akā i ka manawa hoʻokahi e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona kūpono o ke kālā, e hoʻolohe i nāʻano kaulike o Tagil. ʻO kēiaʻano puaʻaʻaʻole ia e hoʻopaʻa i nā moʻolelo i loko o kekahi o nā hōʻailona o ka huahana, akā naʻe, no ka nui loa o nā koi ma waena o nā mahiʻai no kaʻoihana kiʻekiʻe aʻoi pono o kaʻiʻo a me ka waiū. Ma kēiaʻatikala, e kūkākūkā mākou i nā mea kiko'ī e pili ana i kaʻano o nā bipi e like me Tagil.

Ka moʻaukala o ka hānau

ʻO ka hoʻokumuʻiaʻana o nā hua bipiʻo Tagil i loaʻa i ka manawa o nā XYIII a me ka XIX mau kenekulia i nā manawa he nui, i ka wā i maʻalahiʻia ai nā pipi o Tagil me nāʻohana momona. I ka wā o kēlāʻano kūpikipiki, ua loaʻa nā holoholona nui o ka Ural i nā hōʻailona maikaʻi loa o ka milkiness a loaʻa mai i kahi pūpū momona a keu aku.

Pono e hoʻomaopopoʻia ma mua o ka pipiʻana o nā pipi ma ka'āina o ka Urals i nā mea iʻikeʻoleʻia ma nāʻano liʻiliʻi ma kahi kokoke i nā mea koʻikoʻi nui.

Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻO ka bipi kauō e hana i kahi o 40 mau mau mīkinaʻehā i ka lā, ma ke kauʻana, eʻai i kaʻai a 40-45 manawa ma ka minuke.

ʻO ka'ōlohelohe o nā bipi i kēia manawa, aia i loko o ia iho nā genes o nāʻano papahana nui loa, e like me nā mea hoʻopaʻa moʻolelo a me nā mea lanakila ma nā hanana a me nā hoʻokūkū, akāʻo kekahi hapa o ko lākou koko pono'ī,ʻo ia ka'Ural mua,

I kēia lā, ua kapaʻia kēiaʻano o nā bipi i genofodic (mālamaʻia e like me ke kumu o kaʻike moʻo'ōlelo mua) a ua hana ikaikaʻia ma nāʻaoʻao Perm a me Sverdlovsk.

Keʻano a me nā kino

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o nā leka o kēia lāhui keʻano o kēia mauʻano:

• kēiaʻano puaʻa ke kū nei ma kahi kokoke i nā mea hiki keʻikeʻia aʻikeʻia no nā lāhui iʻikeʻia e nā bipi. I loko o nā home, hiki keʻike i kahi keʻokeʻo, kūmaʻomaʻo,ʻeleʻele, ulaula,ʻeleʻele a me motley, ulaula a me ka motley, piebald, hina aʻeleʻele o ka lāhui Tagil. ʻO lākou a pau ka ikaika nui o ka iwi hope a me ka loiloi nui i loko o keʻano o ka puʻupuʻu muscular, hiki iā lākou ke noho me keʻano aesthetically a me ka hoʻoikaika ikaika, aiʻole e kau i lalo i loko o keʻeke, e kauʻoleʻia ma ka iwi hope;
• ma ka awelika ke kiʻekiʻe ʻo kēia mau bipi liʻiliʻi ma ka liʻiliʻi mai 125 a 130 mau keneta,ʻoiai ka nui o nā wāhine makua i kahi kokoke i 450-500 kilokalo, a me nā kāne male - 750-900 kilokika. Hoʻokomoʻia nāʻohu i kahi 30-35 kilokani, a hala nā malamaʻeono, hiki lākou ke kaumaha i 160-180 kilokani;

Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻO nā bipi a me nā mea hana likeʻole i loko o ka hui. Ināʻikeʻoe e ho'āʻo ana ka bipi e hoʻokoe hoʻokahi, aia paha e hānau pahaʻo ia a maʻi paha.

• ke poʻo i nā mea āpau a pau o ka'ōpiopio o ka lahilahi, e like me ke kino, me nā maka i hoʻonohonohoʻia a me nā pepeiao. He nui ka ihu, heʻula, iʻokiʻia iʻelua'āpana likeʻole ma kahi'ōmole lele. He pāʻani ke waha, me nā lehelehe a me nā niho maikaʻi, e maʻa mau ana. He lōʻihi a lahilahi ka'ā'ī, e hoʻokuʻu i ke kukui me ke poʻo ma ke kihi o 45-50 °;
• kukui ikaika loa ka umauma - ke ākea, me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hapa waena, i kekahi manawa ua emi iki iho kona lalo lalo i ka lalo lalo o ka'ōpū. ʻAʻole kokoke i ka'ōpū ka'ōpū, ka'ōwili a me kepoe, ma kaʻilikai haʻahaʻa,ʻaʻole i uhiʻia me ka hulu hipa, e komo i loko o kaʻele ma kahi o 180 °. ʻO Udder - aia ma kahi'āpana nani o ke pelvis, ua maikaʻi loa ka hoʻolālāʻana, he 6-8 lita ka punahele, ua hoʻonohonoho pono i nā nipples, ua uhiʻia me ka'ōpūʻeleʻele aʻeleʻele;
• ke kua - pololei, pālahalaha, ākea, aia kekahi laina laina waena iʻikeʻia, i hanaʻia mai nā hana kikowaena o ka vertebrae, e hele i loko o ka huelo ma kahi o 180 °. Wahi - hiki i ka palena o ka hapakolu o nā kuahiwi, i ulu nui, ikaika, mānoanoa, he pulse nui ma ka hopena, i hoʻolālāʻia e lele i nā'okena. ʻO nā līkeke - kahi kīkeke kekee, ma kahi'āpana liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ka lepo, he pinepine kahi pōʻino iki o nāʻaoʻao mua a me nā wāwae mua;
• ʻo nā bipi Hoʻohui lākou i nā pepeia liʻiliʻi (5-8 kenetimita) e aneane hikiʻole ke hoʻohanaʻia me he mea kaua,ʻo nā wāhine ua kokoke loa eʻokiʻia (hornless). Loaʻa i ke kino holoʻokoʻa o Tagil, koe wale no ka ihu, nā pepeiao a me kahi'āpana o ka'ōpū lalo, ua uhiʻia me ka palupalu, pōkole,ʻoluʻolu i ka pāʻana, ke kapa pale. Hoʻohui - mana, mānoanoa (hiki i ka 10-15 mau kenimika), pinepine i nā nalu, i ke kuikahi.

Nāʻano meaʻai a me nā meaʻai

E like me ka mea i'ōlelo muaʻia,ʻo kēiaʻano bipiʻaʻole e uhaki i nā moʻolelo i loko o kēlā me kēia o nā lālā holoholona, ​​akā, ma nāʻano maʻamau, e hōʻike nui nā holoholona i nā hopena kūpono a pau.

He mea nui! Ke kūʻai akuʻoe i ka bipi kaulike iā Tagil, e hoʻolohe mua i kāna koʻi,ʻo nā mea pāʻokoʻa'ē aʻe a pau loa a loiloi i nā loli o kēlā me kēia kanaka.

Eia nā helu pono'ī a pau:

• ka awelika o ka momona i kēlā me kēia makahiki - 3500-4000 kg;
• ka huina kuhikuhi - + 30-50% o na hoailona mua, iloko o 3-5 mau mahina;
• ka helu o nā hānai hānai e pono ai i kēlā lā i kēia lā - 2;
• ka momona momona - 4-4.5%;
• hua helu helu waiu - 3-3.5%;
• nā mea hoʻohui waiwai o ka waiū - 8/10 (kahi iki iki i ka mauʻu'ōmaʻomaʻo, kahi hiki ke hoʻopauʻia ma kaʻaila);
• ka meaʻai i loaʻa ka waiwai waiwai - +150 kg no 6 mau mahina;
• ke kaumaha o ke kino i mua o ka hoʻokomoʻiaʻana i loko o kona mau māhele -ʻo nā bipi he 400-450 kilomeka; nā bipi - 700-850 kg;
• ka hua o nā holoholona make - 53-60%;
• nā meaʻona o kaʻiʻo - 7/10 (nui ke kumu o ka makahiki i pepehiʻia a me keʻano o ke ola).

Nā ikaika a me nā nāwaliwali

Ma ka hōʻuluʻuluʻana, hiki iā mākou ke'ōlelo aʻe,ʻo kēiaʻano o nā pipi kekahi o nā koho maikaʻi loa no ka hānaiʻana o nā mea nona nā mea i hoʻoholoʻole i keʻano o ka meaʻai a me ka meaʻai maʻamau e makemake lākou e ulu i nā holoholona i hānaiʻia ma kā lākou mahiʻai.

ʻO kaʻiʻo a me nāʻano lawaiʻa o nā bipi e komo pū kekahi e like me Simmental, Bestuzhevskaya, Caucasian brown, Sychevskaya, Schwyzka, Yakut kau pipi, Krasnogorbatovskaya.

ʻO ka hōʻailona o nā hōʻailona maʻamau ma luna o kekahi o nāʻoihana e hana iā lākou i nā kau'āinana āpau e hiki ai ke hoʻomāʻona i nā ukiuki o nā meaʻoi loa.

Eia ka papa inoa o nā ikaika o kēiaʻano:

• nā mea āpau ma nā meaʻai a me nā mea kanu lāmaʻa:ʻoi aʻe ka nui ma mua o ka mea hānai i nā meaʻai, a me nā meaʻai ma mua o ka waiu;
• ua loaʻa i ka kau a me ka nui o ka huina kiko'ī a me ka hōʻailonaʻano nui;
• ka uku kūʻaiʻuʻuku o kahi mea hōʻailona o ka like like (800-1000 US kālā);
• ʻaʻohe pono e mālama pono a nānāʻole i nā māhele o waho o kēia mau holoholona, ​​ka mea i pale iā lākou i ka mālamaʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona nani a me nā hiʻohiʻona;
• ʻaʻole pono e kūkulu i kahi keʻena kaʻawale no ka mālamaʻana i nā bipi kauō, ua kū like loa lākou me nāʻano holoholona'ē aʻe;
• aneaneʻaʻole hoʻokūpilikia i nā kānaka, nā holoholona'ē aʻe a me ko lākou mauʻohana;
• ka hoʻomanawanui i kahi maʻamau, maʻamau,'ākau a me ka'ākau, a ua kūpono i nā wahi momona;
• ua hoʻopauʻia ka pilikia e ka lāhui i kēia manawa me ka loheʻana i kahi o ka loheʻana mai kahi'ē mai o ka poʻe maka'āinana o nā holoholona o ka'āpana Ural;
• maikaʻi loa, mahalo i ka hiki i ka bipi ke holo ma waena o ka mahiʻai, kokoke me kaʻikeʻole;
• ʻaʻole e nalowale i ka hiki ke hoʻoulu hou i loko o ka holoʻokoʻa o ko lākou ola a pau.

• nā meaʻono o ka lau nahele i ka waiū;
• ka momona o ke kinona i loko o ka waiū a me ka momona momona;
• ka mālamaʻana i kaʻiʻo o nā mea i lukuʻia o ka lāhui i ko lākou mau makahiki, ka meaʻai a me ka hana hana o ka mea ola;
• nā kīnā liʻiliʻi waho (ke kūʻana o nā wahi'āpanaʻole ma ke kino, nā wāwae o ka maka'āinana, ke lahilahi, ka'ā'ī o ka'ā'ī, a me nā mea'ē aʻe);
• ka poʻeʻole o ka lāhui ma waho o nā Urals, a no laila, he emi iki ka loaʻaʻana o ia ma laila;
• Komoʻo Komolost i nāʻelele o ka lāhui no ka paleʻana iā lākou iho mai nā mea pīhoihoi i ka manawa eʻai ai;
• piha piha i nāʻano maikaʻiʻole o ka nānāʻana a me ka huahuaʻana mai nā mākua i nā keiki (akā, no ka pololei, pono e hoʻomaopopoʻia nāʻano maikaʻi a pau i hoʻoiliʻia a kokoke i ka piha piha);
• ʻO nā pilikia o ka hānaiʻana i loko o kaʻohana puaʻa, nā holoholona no nā bipi i loko o ka'āina i hāʻawiʻia, i ka manawa e ho'āʻo ai kēlā me kēia o nāʻelele e hele i konaʻaoʻao iho, e mālamaʻia.

He mea nui! ʻO kaʻiʻo o kā Tagil pua o nā bipi e hōʻike iā ia iho ma keʻano maikaʻi heʻano kumuhana no ka pihuki, kebaba a me nāʻanoʻano likeʻole o kaʻohiʻana i nāʻano likeʻole. Milk hua mai i nā paile hauʻona maikaʻi, ka nihi liʻiliʻi, kaʻailaʻulu a me kaʻaila.

ʻO kēia nāʻano nui o nāʻelele o ka pipiʻo Tagil. Ma muli o kona ponoʻole a me nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi, e kōkua kēiaʻano iāʻoe e loaʻa ka waiwai maikaʻi mai ka hānauʻana.