ʻO Nodular dermatitis kekahi o nā maʻi maʻiʻeha i loaʻa i ka pipi. ʻOiai i kēia manawa, ua manaʻoʻia kēia maʻi i ka'āina, kahi i loaʻa ma ka'āinaʻAmelika a me nā wahi e pili ana i laila, akā i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hiki i ka maʻi ke hālahalaha nui i ka hohonu o Eurasia. I kēia manawa, hiki i ka maʻi ke pilikia i nā holoholona, akā, nui ka poʻe mahiʻai e hanaʻino me ia. Ma kēiaʻatikala, e nānā pono kākou i keʻano o ka dermatitis nodular, aʻike pū me nāʻano nui e kū'ē ai iā ia.
He aha kēia maʻi
ʻO Nodular a nodular dermatitis kekahi maʻi maʻi nui e ulu ana i nā bipi a me nā meaola'ē aʻe. ʻO ke kumu o ka uluʻana o ka dermatitis i loko o ka holoholona,ʻo ka hōʻinoʻiaʻana o ke kino e kekahi huahua. 
Piʻi ka maʻi, no laila e hoʻolaha kokeʻia nā holoholona, a he mau hopena maikaʻi nō hoʻi no ke kino o nā holoholona. ʻO ke kino o nā holoholona mai nāʻeke o dermatitis nodular mai 4 a 95%.
Keʻike neiʻoe? Hiki i nā mea hoʻomalu waiu kau ke hoʻopaʻa i nā toxins maʻamau,ʻo ia ke kumu kūʻai o kēia huahana i ka bonus free maʻamau no nā poʻe hana a pau i nāʻoihana weliweli.
Ka moʻaukala no kaʻike a me ka hoʻolahaʻana
No ka manawa mua, ua loaʻa nā kānaka i kēia maʻi o nā holoholona i ka makahiki 1929 ma'Akekalani (North Rhodesia) a me ka mokuʻo Madagascar. I kēia manawa, uaʻikeʻia ka hopena liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi, iʻikeʻia e nā mea he lehulehu e like me ka pilikino wahaheʻe.
Ma hope o ka makahiki 1940, uaʻikeʻia kēiaʻano pilikino e ka mea'enekema Pelekaneʻo Bakstrom e like me ka papa inoa o nā maʻi a pau i hōʻikeʻia e kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi pipi.
Ma ka makahiki 1950, ua hoʻomaka nui ke maʻi iʻAmelika Hema, i ka'āina o'Akelika Hema, Mozambique, Malawi a me Namibia.
I ka makahiki 1960, ua hōʻea ka maʻiʻeha i kaʻaoʻao equatorial o ka'āina, a me'Akeroka Akau, kahi i ulu ai ka maʻi i India a me Romania ma loko o nā makahiki heʻelua wale nō. 
I ka makahiki 2015, ua hōʻea ka maʻi i ka moku o ka Russian Federation, ua hoʻopaʻaʻia i nā maʻi nui ma Chechnya, North Ossetia a me Dagestan, a ma ka 2017 ma Tatarstan.
I kēia lā,ʻikeʻia ka nodular dermatitis kekahi o nā maʻi pipili nui o nā holoholona pālahalaha, aʻo ia ka pilikia nui o ka uluʻana o nā mea kanu ahupuaʻa ma'Afelika a me nā wahi e pili ana.
ʻO nā maʻi, nā kumu a me nā ala o ka maʻi
ʻO ke kumu nui o ka dermatitis nodular he pathogenicʻo ia o nā maʻi hoʻopiʻi DNA pono'ī. Hiki iā lākou ke māheleʻia iʻekolu mau hui nui: BLD, Allerton a me Neethling. I ka manawa pinepine, e hoʻopiliʻia nā holoholona e ka poʻe Neethling o nā mea maʻi e pili kokoke ana i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi liʻiliʻi i nā kao, nā hipa a me nā mea'ē aʻe o ka artiodactyls.
ʻO Chlamydia, brucellosis, nā kī liʻiliʻi ma kaʻea, EMCAR, blutang, leptospirosis, maʻi maʻi pilalaula, anaplasmosis, parainfluenza-3, actinomycosis, pili pū kekahi i nā maʻi maʻi o nā pipi.
ʻO kēia pūʻulu o ka huakino he mea kūʻokoʻa loa i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi a me ka holoʻana, no laila, hiki iā ia ke palekana a hiki i 3 mau lā o ka maloʻi lōʻihi ma waho o nā pūnaewele o ke kino.
Ke oʻo i ke kino,ʻo ka Neethling virions he wahi kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa o keʻano a puni. Hōʻikeʻia ia e nā papaluaʻelua, ke kuhi o ke kihi, a me ka mea nui me ke kino.
ʻO ka uluʻana o ka maʻi i loko o ke kino e hana i nā wahi a pau, akā, ma ka hapanui o nā hihia, pili i nā kino a me nāʻoihana pili e pili ana i ke kūkuluʻana a me ka holoʻana o nā hikaloka physiological o ke kino (ke koko, ka pulu, ka pāpale, a pēlā aku). 
ʻO ka mea maʻalahi i ka maʻi - nāʻano holoholona o nā holoholona,ʻo ia hoʻi ma ka hanauna Pākehā. Hoʻokahi wale nō holoholona maʻi i nā lā he 10-14 i hiki ke hoʻopau i nā holoholona āpau a loaʻa i ka maʻiʻino maoli.
ʻO nā pūnāwai nui no ka hoʻolahaʻana o ka maʻi,ʻo ia nā maʻi maʻi me kahi maʻi hoʻomau o ka maʻi, a me nā mea halihali a me nā mea palolo.
Hoʻonui ka maʻi i ke koko ma o nā'ōpū maʻi koko. ʻO ia ke kumu i kākauʻia ai nā pōpū nui o nā dermatitis nodular i nā'āina wela, a me nā'āpana o ka hoʻopili nuiʻana o nā nūnē a me nā nūnē.
Ma loko o ke kino o nā'ōpala, ua hoʻomau ka holomua i ka mahina 1, kahi e hiki ai i ka hoʻololiʻole o ka maʻi i kēlā me kēiaʻaoʻao.
Eia kekahi, ke hoʻolaha nui nei ka maʻi no ka mālamaʻana i nā holoholona. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohaumia i ka meaʻai, ka wai a me nā mea e pili ana, a hiki i kahi mea'ē aʻe - manu lele.
ʻAʻole pinepine nā manu i ka hopena i kekahi huakī holoholona, akā naʻe, ua lawe maikaʻiʻia me nā mea maʻi i kahi mamao. ʻO nā mea hana o nā dermatitis nodularʻaʻole i like i ka moekolohe a iʻole nā mea'ē aʻe'ē aʻe, no laila, pili lākou i nā pipi. 
Eia kekahi,ʻo ka uluʻana o kēia maʻiʻaʻole he kaupeʻa a iʻole keʻano maʻamau, no laila ua aneane hikiʻole ke pale i nā pōʻino o nā maʻi i kēia lā.
Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻO ke kuʻuna o ka Hindu e hoʻomana i ka pipi me he holoholona laʻa ke kumu ia i ka moʻomeheu Vedic e pili ana i ka I-II Meleniuma BC. u
ʻO ka wā ulu a me nā hōʻailona
ʻO nā hōʻailona mua o ka liona o ke kino e ka mea hoʻopuka o ka dermatitis nodular e hanaʻia i loko o 3-30 mau lā mai ka manawa o ka maʻi, akāʻo ka manawa pinepine o kēia maʻi he 7-10 lā.
ʻO ke kiʻi o ka uluʻana o ka maʻi e pili ana i keʻano o ka nohoʻana o ke kino, no laila,ʻo kaʻoihana o ka maʻi e pili pono paha i ka hiki o ka palekana e pale aku ai i ka pōʻino weliweli. Hoʻopau ka lā hoʻopunipuni me ka piʻi nui i ka mahana o ke kino i nā holoholona i hōʻea i +40 ° C.
Ma muli o ke kūlana o ka mahana wela i nā maʻi maʻi,ʻikeʻia nā hōʻailona o kēia mau mea:
- ka nele o kaʻona;
- ka hoʻopiʻi houʻana;
- ka puka mucous i ka ihu.
Ma hope o 2 mau lā ma hope o ka piʻiʻana o ka mahana, hoʻolālā nā holoholona i keʻano o ka nodules āpau o ka maʻi ma lalo o kaʻili me ke anawaena o ke 0.5 a 7 knm a me ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi o 0.5 knm. 
ʻO ka helu o nā nodules e pili ana i ke kūlana o ka hoʻomohalaʻana o ka maʻi,ʻo ka manawa pinepine ka hoʻolahaʻiaʻana o nā papahana - mai kahi mau haneli he kanalima a hiki i nā haneli. I kekahi manawa, hoʻohuiʻia nā nodules, i ia manawa e hana lākou i nā'āpanaʻeleʻele a me nā'āpana.
Ma hope o kekahi manawa (1-2 mau lā), e hoʻomaka ana kaʻili e kaʻawale ma nāʻaoʻao o nā nodules, aʻikeʻia kekahi puka liʻiliʻi i waenakonu o lākou -ʻo kēia ke alakaʻi hou aku i ka necrosis o nā nodules a me keʻano o ka wehewehe.
2-3 mau hebedoma ma hope o ka hoʻonāʻana o ka maʻi, ua hoʻokaʻawale loaʻia nā nodules mai kaʻili o ke kino, a ma ko lākou wahi, heʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, a laila e ulu nui aʻe me ka epidermis a me ka lauoho. Inā nui aʻe ka maʻalahi o ka maʻi, hiki mai nā maʻi maʻi ma ka pūnaewele o nā nodules.
I loko o ka manawa o ka lactation nodules iʻikeʻia ma ka mea. I kēia hihia, hiki kēia i kahi hana o ka maikaʻi o ka waiū. He'ōʻeleʻele,ʻeleʻele, loaʻa i kahi meaʻono a me ka meaʻono. Ma hope o ka pauʻana o ka waiū e lilo i kahi masima gelatinous.
I ka manawa like, ua nui ka mumū o nā kōpana lymph i ka bipi, i'ōlelo nuiʻia ma ka'āina'āpana.
He mea nui! Inā pili nā keiki bipi i nā dermatitis nodular,ʻo ka maʻi ke iʻole. Ma kēiaʻano, ma kahi o nā hōʻailona kūpono,ʻikeʻia ka maʻi me ka maʻi wela a me ka maʻi hou (me kaʻikeʻoleʻia).
Me ka hoʻomalu āpau liʻiliʻi a me ka hikiʻana i ka manawa hana o nā maʻi'ē aʻe, hiki ke maʻi i kēia maʻi. 
I kēia hihia, aia ka holoholona:
- wela;
- ka poino nui o ka ai a me ke kaumaha;
- pōkole o ka hanu;
- haʻalulu hōkū;
- nodules i loko o ke kino, i loko o nā mucous membran keʻike nei lākou e like me nā'ōpū a me nā pāpuniʻeleʻele o kahi pale anuanu keʻokeʻo. Ma ka manawa lōʻihi, ulu lākou i mau liona nui loa;
- ka maʻi maʻi a me ka suppuration ma kahi o nā maka, ke alakaʻi nei i ka'ūpiliʻana o nā'ōpū, a me ka pōʻino i ka'ōnea a me ka maka;
- ke kūmāmā o ka waha a me ka ihu.
ʻO ka hōʻoia o ka maʻi
Ke hanaʻia nei ka hōʻailona o ka līpī bipi me ka dermatitis nodular ma ke kumu o:
- ʻike i ka maʻi nui - he hōʻailona hōʻailona o ka maʻi o kahi pilikino kiʻekiʻe a me ka nui o ka māheleʻana i waena o nā holoholona;
- nā hōʻailona maʻamau - kahi hui o ka wela, kahi iʻoi aku i ka maikaʻi o nā holoholona maʻi, a me ka hōʻailona o nā nodules ma kaʻili;
- nāʻike o ka moʻolelo no nā nodules - i loko o nā pūnaewele o nā mea i kohoʻia,ʻikeʻia nā kino i loko. Loaʻa iā lākou keʻano o ka hoʻohālike o ka hoʻohālike kūʻokoʻa. Ke hōʻoiaʻiʻoʻia ka heleʻana o nā mea hōʻailona hanaʻole no ka hoʻopaʻaʻana o ke kamepi me ka waiʻano (eosin);
- nāʻike microbiological - hoʻokaʻawale i nā'ōpiopio i hoʻokaʻawaleʻia mai ke kino nodule e hoʻopunipuni i nā hipa a me nā hōʻailona bipi. 'Ōlelo lākou e pili ana i ke kūlana o ka maʻi maʻi ma hope o kaʻikeʻana o ka Taurus-inclusions ma nā'opa o ka'ōpiopio. E hōʻoia i keʻano o ka maʻi ma muli o ka maʻi o nā holoholona palupalu (nā mio, nā hipa, nā kao, nā keiki bipi) a me ka hōʻailona o ko lākou mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi;
- ʻike wehewehe - hoʻohana i nāʻike i loaʻa ma ka papahana o nā haʻawina i hōʻikeʻia ma luna, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ka maʻi mai nā maʻi likeʻole (urticaria, tuberculosis, strepto-trichosis, lymphangitis epizootic, demodicosis, ka maʻi liʻiliʻi, nā hopena o nā mīkī a me nā'ēheu'ē aʻe.
Nā hoʻololi kūlohelohe
ʻO ka Nodular dermatitis he maʻi weliweli loa, i ka uluʻana o ka maʻi,ʻo ka huakino ka hoʻololi nui i ke kino o nā holoholona.
He mea nui! He mea paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo i ka maʻi ma kona kino pono'ī i nā papa mua, pinepine nā hua mua i'ōpiliʻole aʻaʻohe'ōkole o ka hōʻike, no laila, i ka wā e manaʻo muaʻia ai ka leona me ka dermatitis nodular, ponoʻoe eʻike i ka mea lapaʻau i ka wā hiki.
No laila, uaʻike nā pipi:
- keʻano o ka hiʻona o ka hiʻona ma lalo o kaʻili a ma kahi o nāʻiʻo o ke kino, nā puʻupaʻa (ma lalo o ka capsule), nā māmā (i nā mea koʻikoʻi);
- ke kūpikipikiʻana a me nā kīngi waipiho, e ulu pinepineʻia me nā wai wai a me ka piʻiʻana o nā lymphocytes, eosinophils, nā pūmene plasma, neutrophils (me ka necrosis);
- ka pāpīpī hou i ka pilina visceral, ka pīpī, ka lolo o ke ake a me ke koko, ma kaʻili lepera (ma hope o ka lukuʻiaʻana o nā nodules);
- pauma o nā māmā a me ka pilikia o ka'ōpū hanu;
- ka momona a me ke kuʻikuʻi ma ke āpau, ke ala ākea;
- ka wela o nāʻupena o ka mucosa i hōʻikeʻia, pinepineʻia me nā maʻi maʻi i lalo a me pylorus;
- necrosis o ka epidermis a me ka papa papillary o nā dermis, ma nāʻaoʻao o nā mea iʻeha i loaʻa ka mānoanoa nui o nā moʻo;
- ʻo ke kinipona liʻiliʻi o nā pūnaewele a me nāʻula o ke koko i loko o nā māmā e mālamaʻia ma lalo o ka meaʻino.
Ma waho aʻe o nā holoholona i hāʻule, hiki ke loaʻa nā hoʻololi kūlohelohe i lalo:- nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi paʻamau;
- ka hemorrhage ma ka membrane mucous o ke kolonā a me ka hanu liʻiliʻi;
- nāʻeha o nā hono.
Hanaʻia
I kēia manawa, hiki ke palekana i ka dermatitis nodular, no ka mea, hoʻohana pinepine kēia mau mea i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika loa, iʻikeʻia e nāʻano mana-kūikawā a me nā hopena mulikino.
I waena o lākou,ʻo ka mea i kaulana loa i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau:
- "Biferon-B" - he hui ia o ka alpha-2 a me ka gamma bovine. ʻO ka mea hana nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kahiʻano hoʻomaluʻia, no laila, "mahaloʻiaʻo" Biferon-B "ʻaʻole wale i ka mea ikaika, akā, ma muli o ka hopena lōʻihi o ka maʻi hōʻeha. E komo i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma o ka intramuscular a iʻole keʻano o nā inje. Hoʻoihoʻia nā holoholona i 100 kilokika o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i 1 manawa ma ke lā, me ka heluʻana o 1 ml / 10 kg o ke kaumaha. Hoʻomaʻaʻia ka'īlio iʻoi aku i ka 100 kilokilo o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻokahi manawa o ka lā ma kahi 10 ml. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻina hana e pili ana i ka nohona olakino o ka holoholona, akā pinepineʻole iʻoi aʻe ma mua o 3-5 mau lā;
- "Gentabiferon-B" - ʻo ka palaoa i kapaʻia me ka gentamicin sulfate a me ka type alpha and type gamma o ka recombinant intermediate. "Ke hoʻohanaʻia nei" Gentabiferon-B "no nā injections intramuscular a me ke kīpī. Hoʻoiukiʻia nā holoholona i 100 kilokika o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i 1 manawa i kēlā me kēia lā me ka heluʻana o 1 ml / 10 kg o ke kaumaha. Hoʻomaʻaʻia ka'īlio iʻoi aku i ka 100 kilokika o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i 1 manawa i kēlā lā i kēia lā, i ka nui o 15-20 ml. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻonaʻauao he 2 i 5 mau lā;
- "Enrofloksavetferon-B" - ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loaʻa nā pūpikōʻau'alepero mai ka hui o fluoroquinolones enrofloxacin, a me ka lapaʻau alpha recombinant alpha. "Enrofloksavetferon-B" ke hoʻomaluʻia e ka hanaʻana intramuscular me ka heluʻana o 1 ml / 10 kg o ke kaumaha, me kahi hola o 24 mau hola. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke olakino he 3 a 5 mau lā.
Inā loaʻa nāʻehaʻeha o kaʻili, mālamaʻia kaʻili o ka pipi me ka lāʻau'alopero iʻekolu manawa i ka lā, aʻo ka hui nui a me ka lole zinc, aʻo Vishnevsky liniment ka mea i kūpono loa no ia kumu.He mea nui! ʻO nā hua holoholona holoholona ma hope o ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono i ka hoʻohanaʻoleʻia ma mua o ka 20 mau lā.
E pale i ka uluʻana o nā hopena o ka maʻi ma ka'ōhemehe a me nā pūpū, i ka mālamaʻana i nā holoholona, ua hoʻohanaʻia kekahi koho hou aʻe:
- "Nitoks-200" - hoʻohana i ka mea hana hana e like me nā inje o intramuscular me ka heluʻana o 1 ml / 10 kg o ka kaumaha holoholona. E komo i ka "Nitoks-200" i hoʻokahi manawa, akā inā he pono, ma hope o 72 hola, e hana hou i ka injection;
- "Hoʻokumu" - hoʻohana maikaʻiʻia, i kēlā me kēia 12 hola no 5-7 mau lā, me ka heluʻana he 20,000. Units / kg o ka kaumaha holoholona;
- "Oleandomycin" - hoʻohana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka intramuscularly, me ka heluʻana o 20 mg / kg o nā mea holoholona iʻekolu manawa i ka lā. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻolālā he 5 a 7 mau lā.
Ke kala palekana a me ka paleʻana
ʻOiaiʻo nā holoholona i maʻi me ka dermatitis nodular e hoʻomaka ana i ka palekana kūpilikiʻi i ka maʻi,ʻo ka lapaʻana i ka maikaʻi a me ka manawa kūpono keʻano nui ma ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i nā maʻi, akāʻo ka paleʻana i ka uluʻana o ka maʻi ma nā wahi nui. 
ʻO nā papa hana palekana loa:
- ka nānā mauʻana i nā holoholona;
- ka palekana kūpono o nā maʻi;
- ia ke kū'ē i ka laweʻia mai o nā holoholona a me nā holoholona mai nā'āpana i hoʻoneʻeʻia;
- ke kākoʻo o ka maʻi.
Eia kekahi,ʻo ka pilikino āpau o nā holoholona e kōkua i ka paleʻana i nā maʻi. ʻO ka hapanui pinepineʻana,ʻo nā kanikona paʻakikī a iʻole nā papa hoʻomākaukau ola e pili ana i nā maʻi SP-143, Isiolo, a me Kedong o ka maʻi pox pola i ulu i kahi'ōpuni me ka pahu hipa e hoʻohanaʻia no kēia mau hana.
Hoʻopaʻaʻia nā'ōpiopio'ōpio no ka manawa mua i ke 3 o nā makahiki, hanaʻia ka hoʻopaʻiʻana i nā mahina he 12. Hiki iāʻoe ke hana i kahi maʻi nui a lōʻihi loa i ka heluna kānaka a pau.
Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻO ke kuʻiʻana heʻano no ke kū'ēʻana i nā maʻiʻino i hoʻohana muaʻia i ka makahiki 1796 e ke kahu Pelekaneʻo Edward Jenner no ka hakakāʻana i ka maʻi maʻi liʻiliʻi.
Hiki i kekahi kanaka ke maʻi i nā maʻi maʻi?
Nodular dermatitis ma ka pipi he mea nuiʻole ia i nā kānaka, no ka mea, i kēia mau lā,ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi hihia hoʻokahi o nā holoholona i nā kānaka. 
Eia naʻe, ua'ōleloʻia e hoʻokaʻaʻike aku i nā holoholona maʻi ma ka pāʻai ma nā mea palekana, no ka mea, hiki i ke kanaka ke lilo i mea halihali i nā wai o ka maʻi maʻi o ka maʻi maʻi, a no laila, hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻolaha nui o ka maʻi ma nā wahi nui.
ʻO ka Nodular dermatitis kahi maʻiʻeha o ka pipi i loaʻa i nā holoholona. ʻOiaiʻo ka loiloi nui o kēia maʻi i loaʻa i nā wahi pāhili a me nāʻaoʻao āpau o'Afelika, i kēlā me kēia makahiki, kahi kokoke i nā'āpana māmā i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
I kēia manawa,ʻaʻole i maopopo maopopo kēia maʻi, no laila e pale ai i nā hopena koʻikoʻi no ka olakino o nā holoholona, pono ia e pāpaleʻai, ināʻaʻole e loaʻa ka dermatitis nodular i nā mea pohō nui.
