Ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano hua waina no ke ulu ʻana ma ke Terikala Krasnodar

Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Teritori ʻo Krasnodar kahi kūlana māla maikaʻi kūpono no ka ulu ʻana i nā hua waina. ʻOiai naʻe me kēia, pono ia e koho i nā ʻano kūpono e hiki ai ke hoʻokō maikaʻi loa.

ʻO ka mōʻaukala e pili ana i nā hua waina i ka paeʻo Krasnodar

ʻO ka ʻōlelo mua loa o nā māla waina ma kahi o kahi i kū nei ʻo Kuban i kēia manawa e like me nā makahiki o ka makahiki SM BC. Ua ʻoliʻoli pono nā poʻe Helene i nā mea huna o ka ʻohi waina a me ka kanu ʻana i nā hua waina me nā Slav. I ka hala ʻana o ke ʻano, ua kūkākūkā ʻia nā hana kuauhau o ka ʻāina Krasnodar ma ke kapikala.

Kūleʻa nā hua waina i loko o Kuban

I nā kenekulia XV, ua hoʻoholo lākou e kākoʻo i kēia ʻoihana ma ka pae moku'āina no ka holomua. Nui nā ʻano like i lawe ʻia i ka Kuban mai Farani. Akā ʻo kahi pili me Georgia ka hopena nui loa i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka winemaking.

I loko o ke kaua me Turkey, ua nalowale nā ​​māla waina i nā ʻāina i noho ʻia. A ma hope wale nō o nā hoʻoili kaua ʻana a puni ka makahiki XIX, hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka viticulture. ʻO kā kāna hoʻomohala i lawe i ka mana o D.V. ʻO Pilenko (ka luna nui o ka pūʻali koa Lūkini). Me ke kōkua o ka Czech agronomist F.I. Ua waiho lākou i nā māla waina ʻo Heyduk, e holo mau nei ma ke Terina Krasnodar. Ma ka makahiki 1970, aia ʻo Soviet Union ma ka wahi 3 ma waena o nā mea hana nui o ka waina.

Nā wikiō: E koho ana nā māla Kuban i nā hua waina

ʻO nā hua maikaʻi maikaʻi loa no ka ulu ʻana ma ke kūkulu hema hema o Russia

He ʻina na ka ʻāpana o ka ʻāina ʻo Krasnodar. Akā hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale aʻe kekahi mau ʻano huaʻai ma muli o nā hoʻoilo hau. No laila, hoʻomaʻamaʻa lākou i nā mea ʻawaʻawa me nā ʻano mea like ʻole.

Ma ke kūloko i Krasnodar, ulu nā hua like ʻole me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana o ka waina.

Ma ke kamaʻāina e noho ana i kekahi manawa ma Kuban i kaʻana, nui nā māla e koho i nā ʻano ākea mua ʻole a me ka uhi ʻole. Akā i ka manawa like, hoʻohana nui nā agrofibre i wahi hoʻomaha. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻo ka hoʻoilo i loaʻa ʻole ke kuhihewa, ʻoiai e lōʻihi ana ka 1-1,5 mahina. Hiki mai ka wela mai ka 15 ° C a -10 ° C. ʻOiai aia kekahi mau hihia i hiki ai i ka hau ma kahi hōʻailona o -25 ° C.

ʻO ka nānā pono ʻana ka mālama pono ʻana i nā mea kanu mai nā pōpoki. Ke kūkulu wikiwiki nei lākou i kahi mahana a me ka mahana. Ma muli o lākou, hiki ke make i nā wahi nui o nā māla waina.

Nui nā hua waina i kanu ʻia ma nā papa, ma o ka hoʻokolohua, e hōʻike ana i ka mea kūpono loa. ʻO nā ʻano punahele a koʻu hoalauna ʻekolu.

• Nastya (a i ʻole Arkady). ʻAno a me ka kūlohelohe like ʻole. Akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke uhi iā ia i ka hihia o ka hau nui. Maikaʻi maikaʻi nā hua;
• Rochefort. Hoʻolaha mua me nā ʻāpana nui o nā hua waina;
• Novocherkassk momona. Lawe mai ia i kahi hōʻili maikaʻi maikaʻi a kūpaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā maʻi.

Nā koho waina o ke koho Krasnodar

Hiki ke loaʻa i kahi hua maikaʻi mai nā ʻano i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ke aniani a me nā ʻano palapala. No ke Teritori Krasnodar, ʻo ke koho maikaʻi loa ʻo ia nā koho koho o ka Hale Kūʻaiʻike ʻo Anapa Zonal no Viticulture a me Winemaking (AZOSViV). Hoʻohālike lākou e ka nui kiʻekiʻe huahana a me ka maikaʻi o nā huaʻa.

ʻAʻole nā ​​ʻano loea wale nō no ka hana ʻana i ka waina, akā, ʻo nā canteens, ʻokoʻa i ka wā ʻōpio, ua lawe ʻia mai i AZOS. Ma ka manawa like, kūpono lākou i ka lepo a me ke koelima pae ʻo Krasnodar Teritori a ʻoi aku ka maʻi o ka nui o nā maʻi.

Ma muli o ka hana hōʻeuʻeu a me nā hana lōʻihi o nā pua ʻo AZOS, ua loaʻa ka palapala hōʻoia kope i ka makahiki 2011 e nā ʻano:

• Kauike "Nā mākua" - nā ʻano Yangi Yer a me Criulensky. ʻO nā kumula he nui, nā lau ākea o nā ʻulaʻula ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Mahele haʻahaʻa me ka wīwī ʻole. Nā pua Bisexual. ʻO ka bunch ka ikaika, medium-dense. ʻO ke kūpaʻa ia ma kahi o 450-500 g. He nui ka nui o nā hua, ma ke ʻano o ka oval elongated. I ka wā keokeo, loaʻa iā lākou kahi kala ʻulaʻula mālamalama. Aia ka pulpona ʻili ma lalo o ka ʻili palā, he 1-2 mau hua. Ua ʻoluʻolu ke ʻano, me kahi ʻoluʻolu hoihoi. Loaʻa nā kiko gula i ka 180 g / dm³ me ka awelika o ka 6,5 ​​g / dm³. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā ʻano like i ka wanaʻao. Ke kū nei i ka hau a hiki i -20 ° C a me ka maʻi me ka hina hina. Loaʻa ka huahana i ka 130-160 kg / ha. Mahalo nui nā mea mahiʻai no kona lawe mau ʻana a me ka transportability.
• Ka mea lanakila. Loaʻa ka like ma ke ʻano o Muscat o Hamburg a me Nimrang. ʻO nā lau o ke kauwela he'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo, nui, pōʻaiapihi, medium-dissected. Nā pua Bisexual. Conic ka ʻeke me kahi waihona ākea. ʻO ke kaupaona ʻana ma kahi o 500 g. Ua kaupaona ʻia ka paona nui o kahi pūʻulu o 3 kg. ʻEwele nui nā hua, lapalapa a ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka ʻiʻo o ka ʻiʻo ma lalo o ka ʻili. Aia ka mea lanakila ma nā ʻano me ka ʻala mua ʻana. Hoʻomaka ka hua i ka makahiki 3-4. ʻO ka huahelu waena he 125 c / ha. ʻO ka palemona ke kū mālie i ka hau a maluhia hoʻi i hōʻemi ʻia ma hope o ka pohō. I ka lanakila ʻana o nā pōpoki a me nā maʻi kūleʻa. ʻAʻole halihali ʻia nā ʻula, no laila, hoʻohana ʻia lākou no ka mālama, hou a no ka hoʻomaloo ʻana. Loaʻa ka ʻono o ka hua i nā helu 8,8.
• Taman. Loaʻa e ke kāʻei ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano Kardinal a me Criulensky. ʻO nā lau nui ka nui, hoʻokaʻawale. Rare pubescence o ka ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole koi ʻia kahi sprayer. Hāʻawi ka ʻāpana, pālahalaha conical form, awelika paonaʻo - 570 g. ʻO ka ʻōuli ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele, ʻoliala, i kahi ʻano. ʻO ka helu ʻono he 9 mau ʻāpana. Aia nā ʻano i ka makamua. Maikaʻi ke pale ʻana i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki kūloko. ʻO ka hoʻoiliʻana he 150 kg / ha.
• Ke kakahiaka nui. ʻO ka ʻano like me ke kālai ʻia ʻana i nā ʻalā o Saba a me ke kinua Samarkand. Nā pua Bisexual. ʻAno nui nā kulu nui o nā ʻāpana. Hoʻololi ka paona mai 400 a 850 g. ʻO ke keʻokeʻo he keʻokeʻo-melemele, nui, oval. ʻO ka paona o ka berry e hiki i ka 5-6 g. Anuanu a he elastic ka paʻu, akā ikaika ka ikaika. I ka wā ulu, ua kapa ʻia lākou he mau papa ʻaina mua. ʻO ka hana huahana he 130 kg / ha. Mahalo nui ʻia ka mea like no kona ʻono (8.9 mau hola i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana) a me ke ʻano o nā hua like. I waena o nā hemahema, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
• Ruby AZOS. ʻAʻole pono kekahi pollinator no ka ʻano. He mau pua nani kona. ʻO nā ʻili o nā kūloko nui. Hoʻololi ka paona mai ka 190 a 240 g. No ka inoa ʻo Ruby AZOS ma waena o nā helu waena. Loaʻa ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi a me ka hau. Mahalo ʻia ka mea like me kona ʻono, ʻo ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma ka 9.8 mau wahi.

ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi: nā hua waina i ʻānai ʻia ma ka ʻāina ʻo Krasnodar

Nā mea kanu ʻole-uhi

ʻO nā ʻano mea ʻole e uhi i ke ʻano he manaʻo kūlana i hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka wahi e kanu ai. Inā he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka hau i ka hoʻoilo, a laila i kekahi mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e pale i ke kumulāʻau mai ka hau hau. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi malu malū, akā e pipi wale i nā lau maloʻo a uhi ʻia me ka agrofiber.

ʻO nā ʻano ʻike ʻole ʻole ʻole no ka kanu ʻana ma ka ʻāina Krasnodar, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea aʻe:

• Amur kiana. ʻO kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi e kū ai me ka pale ʻana i ka hau a i ka -40 ° C, nā maʻi, nā ʻū a me nā mea i ʻole nā ​​mea make. Mākaukau ka waina a me nā mea ʻona mai nā hua lāʻau ʻalopōʻeleʻele.
• Lākana Hoʻopau nā kalaka a hiki i -29 ° С. Kū'ē i ka palaʻai a hina ka hina. Ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha nā hua. Hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka waina.
• Platovsky. He lua kā ia inoa - Dawn Dawn. Maikaʻi mua nā ʻano, hiki ke ʻae i nā frosts i lalo a -29 ° С. ʻOhi ʻia nā hua keʻokeʻo ma nā ʻōpū nui. No ka hoʻonui i ka huahana, ʻoi aku ia e hoʻoneʻe i nāʻaoʻao a me nā lālā palupalu.
• Amethyst. Hoʻolaha mua, pale i ka maʻi a hiki ke kū i nā hamo i lalo i -32 ° C. Hoʻomaka nā hua ʻulaʻula kukui me ka hopena o ʻAukake a me Kepakemapa.
• Kay Grey. Hoʻomaka a mua nā ʻano, hiki ke kū i kahi pā wela o -42 ° C. He ikaika a kūpaʻa nā ʻōpala, akā liʻiliʻi nā hua liʻiliʻi, me kahi ʻano kikoʻī o Isabella. Kūleʻa ka ʻōiwi me ka pala, ʻeleʻele a me ka hina hina. Hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā pā maloʻo.
• ʻO ka ʻae o Sharov. Nā hua liʻiliʻi e hua mai ana i nā haʻahaʻa kū ʻole i lalo i ka -34 ° С. Loaʻa i nā hua melemeleʻeleʻele kahi hua kōlepa. I nā kūlana o ke Teritike Krasnodar, ua manaʻo ʻia e mālama pono i ka pale ʻana i ka oidium.
• ʻO Maurice Earley Ka pale kino o kahi māka i ka -36 ° C. ʻEleʻele nā ​​hua waina, kokoke i ke kapa ʻeleʻele. E hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka Kepakemapa. No ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o nā hua a puni ke kumuwaina, neʻe ʻia nā lau āpau.
• Valiant. Hiki i kahi pāʻina mua ke kū i nā frosts i lalo i ka -46 ° C. ʻO liʻiliʻi nā hua liʻiliʻi, ʻeleʻele uliuli. ʻO nā ʻōpala he mau kikoʻī, he ʻōwili. Ua hoʻopau hou nā hua ʻona, nā mea e hana ai i ka wai a me ka waina.

ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi: uaʻano nā hua waina i ʻole nā ​​wahi e noho ai

Nā helu mākaʻi

Ke ʻae nā kūlana o ka ʻāina Krasnodar e kanu i nā māla o nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa. Mahalo i kēia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i nā huaʻai hou no 3 mau mahina.

Manaʻo nā poʻe o ka Kuban i kahi mau waina o ka moʻokū ʻokoʻa. ʻĀ, inā e ʻokoʻa lākou i ʻāpana a me ka nui o nā huaʻa, me kaʻaina. No laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea hua no ko lākou kumu i makemake ai. ʻO kekahi o lākou e kūpono no ka inu ʻili, ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e hua mai i ka wai momona, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e mālama hou a hiki i 3 mau mahina. ʻO ia ka mea a ke kamaʻāina e hana nei.

ʻO nā ʻano māka maikaʻi loa i kūpono no ka mahiʻai ʻana ma ka ʻāina ʻo Krasnodar kahi:

• Puʻuwai Saba. Hoʻomaʻa ka berry i ka hopena o Iulai. Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, hoʻomaka e hua i ka hua ma 2-3 mau makahiki. Ke kū nei i nā maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka ʻono o nā hua waina ma kahi 10-ʻāpana i helu ʻia ma 8.1.
• Madeleine Anzhevin. E hoʻomaka ana ʻo Ripen hua i ka hoʻomaka o ʻAukake. ʻO ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o ka huaʻai i hilinaʻi ʻia i ka pollinator. ʻO ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā Chasla. ʻO ka paona o nā hono mea mai 120 a 230 g. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e kanu i nā wahi ʻākau o ka ʻāina ʻo Krasnodar.
• Chasla keʻokeʻo. Hoʻomaka ia e hoʻomaka i ka waena o ʻAukake. Nā huaʻai i ka makahiki 2 ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. Kūpono nā paila i kahi paona e pili ana iā 150 g. Hoʻohana wale ʻia nā Berry no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahi, akā no ke kiʻi ʻia nō hoʻi. He maikaʻi ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana a me ka pono.
• ʻAsslelo Palaola. He mea maʻamau loa ia ma waena o nā lanakila winegrowers ma ke Terina Krasnodar. Hoʻomaka ʻo Ripening i ka hapalua o ʻAukake. Ke kū nei i nā maʻi maʻi. Hoʻomaka ia e hoʻohua i ka hua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i nā makahiki 2-3. Loaʻa iā Berries kahi o ka transportability awelika a hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka ʻono kaiaulu. Kuhi ʻia ka ʻōpala ma kahi o 8.3 mau wahi.
• Chaush. Hoʻomaka ia e hoʻomaka i ka makahikiʻakolu o ʻAukake. He pua puʻupuʻu ia, no laila, pono ka pilina pollinator. ʻO ke koho maikaʻi loa ʻo Chasla. ʻO ka paona awelika o ka paio he 410 g (loaʻa kekahi i 600 g). Hoʻohana nui ia no ka hoʻohana ʻona a me ke kūkulu ʻana ma muli o ka hiki ke kahakaha maikaʻi.
• Muscat Hungarian. Hoʻomaka ʻo Ripening i ka hopena o ʻAukake. Kūpono ka piha piha 4-5 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. Mea liʻiliʻi nā cluster. Ka hoʻololi ʻia ko lākou paona ma waena he 60 a me 220 g. Hoʻohana nui ia no ka hoʻohana ʻona a me ke kūkulu ʻana i ka wai momona i loaʻa i nā ʻoluʻolu ʻāwili a me nā meli meli ma nā kakara. ʻAʻole hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia e kanu i nā wahi me ka ua nui. Hiki ke nahā nā Berry ma muli o ka wai nui.

ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi: nā hua waina ʻōpala mua no ka mokuʻo Krasnodar

Nā helu helu

Hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻano loina no ka hapa nui i nā ʻaoʻao hema o ka wahi. No nā lōlohi hua maikaʻi, makemake ʻia nā kukui a me nā pōkole. Hiki paha i ke kumu waina mai ka hau. Inā hele ka ʻala ʻana ma kahi mahana ma lalo o 20 ° C, a laila liʻiliʻi ka hua liʻiliʻi a ʻono.

ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau maʻamau i ulu ʻia ma ka Terekia Krasnodar e komo:

• Don keʻokeʻo. He wā ʻōpio ka lā 150-155 lā. ʻO ka'ōmaʻomaʻo nā hua o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo - ʻōpiopio nui, ka oval. Ka ʻōpala ka ʻiʻo, ʻono maikaʻi. ʻO nā pua i kahi wahine wahine, no laila he mea pono ke loaʻa he pollinator. ʻO ka maikaʻi loa no kēia ʻano, ʻo Senso a me Muscat keʻokeʻo a Hamburg paha.
• Karaburnu. ʻO nā hua nunui he ovoid, melemelu me kahi pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo. He ʻono maikaʻi a lākou i ka momona me ka ʻiʻo ka momona. Nā hiʻohiʻona nui e nā transportability maikaʻi. Pono maikaʻi ka huahana mai kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻaʻohe ʻano palaka o nā hua a me ka hoʻokahe ʻana o nā pua. Pono ia no ka hoʻoilo no ka hoʻoilo.
• Moldova Nui ka nui o nā hua (ke kaupaona ʻana ma kahi o 55 g), ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula. Ma lalo o ka ʻili pāwili he crispy a me ka ʻiʻo pulp. He kaupaona ko nā bunches he 400 g. Ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka ʻano like ʻole a hōʻike ʻia e ka mālama ʻana i ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 180 lā. Kū'ē i ka palaʻai a hina ka hina.
• Nimrang. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea maikaʻi loa o ka papa inoa o nā papa papa ʻaina. ʻO nā pua like nā ʻano like ʻole. E like me ka poʻe pollinators, ʻo Kishmish ʻeleʻele loa, Saperavi, ʻo Hungarian Muscat e kūpono. ʻO nā hua hua oval, nui, keʻokeʻo-ʻoniʻoni ma ke kala me kahi tinge pinkish. Ua kiʻekiʻe ka ola o ka noho a me nā pono kūpono o ka hua. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou i nā mea hou, no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka wai momona a me nā waina, no ka hoʻomaloʻo.
• ʻEleʻele Odessa. Aia nā huaʻī ma nā kikoʻī, ʻoleki, ʻeleʻele i ka kala me ka pua purine. ʻApono ka puliki, me kahi pau cherry-thorny. Kuku nā liʻiliʻi o nā pua, ke kaupaona nei ma kahi o 200 g. Hoʻomoʻa ʻia ka ʻano like me ka nui o ka kū hau e kūmākena a hiki iā ia ke hoʻomanawanui i ka wai i lalo o -22 ° C.
• ʻĀkala kikinā. Loaʻa iā ia kekahi o nā papaʻaina laulima koʻikoʻi. ʻO kaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, kahi oval i like. Pololiki a crispy ka pulp. Aia kahi kūlike o ka kō a me ka wai. ʻO nā nui nā cluster, ke kaupaʻa ʻia mai 500 a 800 g.

Kiʻi Kiʻi: Nā Lā Kūʻai Kūʻai Late

Hoike Mai

Ke ulu maikaʻi nei kaʻu Kuban ma kahi lepo, akā ʻaʻole makemake ʻo Nadezhda AZOS i ulu ia, pono wau e kaohi aku. A e kanu nō wau i kekahi mau pua hou o ka Kuban, makemake nui wau ia. He nui nā pono o Kuban. Ua ulia ʻia e ka ʻili, akā ʻaʻole iʻoi loa, ma ka hoʻōla pinepine ʻana i ke kūlana hiki ke ʻona loa.

Tatyana Andreevna

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I ko mākou'āina, ua hahau nui ʻia ʻo Fantasy no kahi pala o ka hina, ʻaʻohe mea e pakele ai - ʻili ke kino a ʻono ka ʻiʻo. I ka manawa o ka ʻūhū, ma kahi o nā ʻōpala, ʻaʻohe wale wale nō. No ka hau, he kūlike ka ʻano a pono ke koi ʻia kahi pale o ka lāʻau no ka hoʻoilo. Ma ka laulā, ua haʻalele lōʻihi mākou i kēia ʻano - ʻaʻole no ko mākou wahi ma kahi āpau.

Krasokhina

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Ma Lūkia, ma mua o 50% o nā hua waina i hoʻoili ʻia ma ka Teritori Krasnodar. ʻO nā wahi nui a ka viticulture - Temryuk, Anapa, Krymsky, a me nā kūlanakauhale o Novorossiysk a me Gelendzhik, e ulu i nā hua waina i kahi liʻiliʻi ma ka moku Novokubansky (uhi i ka wahi o viticulture).Ke ulu nui nei nā mahiʻai Viticulture i nā ʻano like me Cabernet Sauvignon, Moldova, Bianca, Chardonnay, ka hui ʻo Pinot, Augustine, Merlot, Riesling, Saperavi, Aligote, Sauvignon, mālama ʻia mai ka wā Soviet o ka kanu ʻana o ka Isabella. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea aloha i ka winegrowers ma ia wahi, akā ʻaʻole i noho ka Kuban Union o nā winegrowers, ʻaʻole naʻe. Malia paha e hele mai.

Andrey Derkach

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ʻOi aku ka nui o nā hua i ulu ma kā Krasnodar Teritori e like me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o Rūsia. ʻOiai ke ea mahana, aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ma aneʻi. No laila, ʻo ka koho kūpono o nā ʻanoʻokoʻa ka nui e hoʻonui i ka hoʻonui. Pono ia e mālama i ka pili o kekahi mau ʻano.