ʻAʻole maʻalahi nā hua waina i Lūkini e ulu. Nui nā ʻano kūpono no nā kūlana climatic paʻakikī no ka paʻakikī wā hoʻoilo, he hopena mediocre. Akā aia nā ʻano hybrid kahi e maʻa ai ka paʻakikī a me ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO kēia mau hōʻiliʻu me nā hua waina Chernysh.
Moolelo o Chernysh hua waina
ʻO ke kiʻi Hyli no kaia Chernysh i loaʻa e ka puaʻa VNIIViV iā lākou. Ya.I. Potapenko. ʻO Bred ma ke kumu o ke kaʻa ʻana iā Agate Donskoy a me Rusomol. Hoʻopau nui ʻia ia i nā waiwai o Agate Donskoy a no laila ʻike ʻia kahi hana maikaʻi o kēia ʻano.
Ma muli o ka nui o ka ola o ka pua, nā ʻono maikaʻi a me nā pono ʻē aʻe, ua loaʻa kahi kaulana i waena o nā mea ulu waina ma Rusia.
Nāhele waina Chernysh - wikiō
ʻOka wehewehe
ʻOno maikaʻi ka ʻōlelo ʻeleʻele a ua ʻōlelo ʻia no ka ʻai ʻola. Ua hoʻomaka ke aloha mua - mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka manawa e ulu a hiki i ka piha piha, ma kahi o 115-120 mau lā i hala.
Ke lilo nei i kahi ʻano ulu mua, ʻeleʻele hoʻi ʻo Chernysh i ka hoʻomaka o Iulai
Hōʻike ʻia nā kumu lāʻau e nā aleliona ulu kūlike, he haʻahaʻa ma kēia ʻano makua ʻo Agat Donskoy. Kūleʻa nā kekele i nā "wīwī", me ka nui o nā pihi (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka 75% e hua ai), e ulu maikaʻi ana ma ka ʻāʻī. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o ka ʻano ka maikaʻi o ke ola ʻana o ka ʻokiʻoki i ke kaʻe, a me ke kaha kiʻekiʻe i ke kūkulu ʻana i ke aʻa. ʻAʻole pono ke ʻano o nā lau i nā mea kanu, no ka mea he mau pua bisexual.
Me ka mālama pono, hāʻawi kēlā me kēia pana iā Chernysh i nā mākina o 1.5-2
Kahi ʻia nā awelika o 1.5-1.8 i kau ʻia i kēlā me kēia hua pua. ʻO nā nui nā puʻuwai (500-700 g, i kekahi manawa 1000 g), cylindrical-conical a i ʻole kahuhina. He pohō ka ʻāpiopio. He spherical nā hua, ʻoi aku ka nui - 2,2 ... 2.6 cm ka diameter, uhi ʻia me ka ʻili ʻili o nā polū ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻulaʻula-violet. ʻO ka pulp i kā ke ʻano maʻi kino a me ka ʻiʻo launa me kahi ʻano liʻiliʻi hope. Lā kiʻekiʻe ka ʻike o ke kō - 16-17%, aia nō hoʻi i ka wai i loko he 6-9 g / l o nā waikawa.
Hoʻololi ʻano
Kūleʻa ʻo Chernysh e nā māla mea ulu i waena o Lūkia, no ka mea he nui nā pono o kēia hua waina.
- nā huahana kiʻekiʻe (14-15 kg mai 1 ka lāʻau);
- ka ʻono maikaʻi a me nā hiʻohiʻona nani o nā hua;
- ho'ōla wikiwiki hou i nā pōpilikia e kū mai ana i ka wai;
- ola lōʻihi o nā huaʻai ma nā lāʻau;
- ke kūpaʻa kūlohelohe kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i -25 ... -26 e pili anaC), i ka hoʻoilo ma ke ʻano ua paʻa maikaʻi nā kulu;
- ke kū'ē nei i nā maʻi, i ke kūleʻa ʻana, oidium a me ka hina hina.
No ka mea he mamo ʻo Chernysh no Agat Donskoy a like hoʻi i kēia ʻano ʻano like, he nui nā winegrowers e hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻano ʻelua a hoʻomaopopo i nā mana kūpono o Chernysh:
- Loaʻa i nā hua ʻeleʻele kahi i ka saturated a nani i waihoʻoluʻu a maikaʻi loa.
- ulu pōkole ka ulu, ulu mua ka hua;
- kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ʻo ka lawaiʻa o ka ʻokiʻoki.
ʻAʻole kēia e ʻōlelo ke kiʻi maoli loa o Chernysh i nā kīnā ʻole. I ka lā wela, hiki i nā huaʻa ke hoʻopau i ka puhi a me ko lākou hōʻikeʻike. Me ka momona nui, ua oki ke aʻa a hoʻōla ʻole me ka hōʻino ʻole, ka lauwili ʻana o nā hua.
Ke kanu a me nā ulu e ulu ana
No ka kanuʻana i nā hua waina, kahi mākeke maikaʻi i mālama ʻia me ka lepo momona, mālama ʻia mai ka makani anuanu, e pono ai. ʻAʻole kokoke kahi i kahi kokoke o 1.5 m mai ka ihu.
E like me nā hua waina ʻē aʻe, ua kanu maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Chernysh i ka puna (Malaki - ʻĀina mua o Mei ma nā ʻāina hema, ke kekona o ka lua o ʻApelila - ka hopena o Mei ma ka waena waena. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o Chernysh i ka hau kūlohelohe, hiki nō hoʻi ke kanu ʻia i ka hāʻule. Pono wale nō e hoʻomanaʻo i ka hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kanu piha wale nō no ka kanu kanu ʻana, pono nāhelehe o ka lepo, a waiho mau wiki he 3-4 a hiki i ka hau.
No ka kanuʻana i ka pūnāwai, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ke kanu ʻana o ke aʻa a kanu i loko a i ʻole ke kālai ʻia i kahi mahele.
I mea e pōmaikaʻi ai ke kano, pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā lāʻau me ka lole a i ʻole ʻīlī uila e hōʻoia pono i ka pilina maikaʻi me ka scion.
Hoʻokiʻoki ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki no ka kanu ʻana mai ka ʻāpana ʻeke o ke kumu waina (pono nā liʻiliʻi ma ka 4-5) a i ka lua o ka lā o Pepeluali ua kau ʻia lākou me kahi ʻāpana ma ka moʻo lepo aiʻole i loko o kahi ipu wai. ʻO ka maʻamau, ma ka lāʻApelila, e ʻokiʻoki i nā aʻa kūpono no ke neʻe ʻana i ka māka.
Hoʻopili koke ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki i loko o ka ipu o ka lepo lepo
Pono e hoʻomākaukau i ka lua no ka kanu ʻana i nā hua waina i nā hebedoma 2-3. Pono ka hohonu a me ka laulā a i like me ka 0.7 ... 0.8 m. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e kau i kahi papa kahawai o ka pōhaku i kālai ʻia a i ʻole ka haki ʻana i ka lepo ma lalo o ka lua (a ma mua o ka ʻike ʻana o ka hōkū hakakā). Ma luna aʻe o ia mea, i ka hapalua o ka hohonu o ka lua, hoʻohui ʻia me ka lepo me ka hoʻohui o 20-30 g o ka superphosphate. ʻO ka uhi o ka mea kanu ua uhi ʻia me kahi ʻāpana o ka honua.
Ke kanu i nā hua waina, mai poina e hoʻopiha i nā mea kanu i loko o ka lua - e kākoʻo lākou i ka mea kanu no 2-3 mau makahiki
Ke kanu ʻia, pono e mālama ʻia ʻaʻole e uhaʻi i nā aʻa ʻōpiopio. I ka hoʻohui ʻana a me ka hoʻoinu ʻana i ka honua a puni ka hua kanu, pono e uhi iā ia me ka mulch i mea e mālama lōʻihi ai ka wai.
Ke kanu nei i nā hua waina i ka pūnāwai - wikiō
ʻO kahi ala ʻē aʻe e lūlū i nā hua waina ke hoʻomoe. Ua hiki i ka mea kākau o kēia mau laina ke hoʻopuka maikaʻi loa nei i kahi ʻano lāʻau like ʻole me kēia ʻano. Pono wale e koho i kahi pana pana kūpono a hoʻolei liʻiliʻi me ka honua, a mai luna aʻe e iho i lalo i ka wahi i ʻeli ʻia me nā pōhaku a i ʻole nā mea mālama pōhaku. Me ka maikaʻi o ka wai, e puka koke nā aʻa ma ka wahi i ʻeli ʻia o ka hua waina. Mai wikiwiki e hoʻokaʻawale i ka mea kanu mai ka lāʻau makuahine. Ma ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana e hoʻomoʻi ma ka waiho ʻana, ua hana hewa iho ka mea kākau a me nā mea āpau, me he mea lā, ua pau nā lāʻau kūnaka.
Me ke kōkua o ka waiho kala, hiki koke iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kekahi mau hua waina
E mālama no nā hua waina Chernysh
E like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, pono ʻo Chernysh i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka lole, ke kākahu kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻoki ʻana.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole ikaika loa nā lāʻau i ka ulu, pono lākou e hana e kiʻi i ka hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi. He kūpono ka hoʻokūpaʻa ʻana i kahi hua lāʻau i loko o ke ʻano o kahi pānaona ma nā lālani laina hoʻokahi. Inā makemake ʻia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ulu i nā hua waina ma kahi pā a i ʻole nā ʻano kākoʻo ʻē aʻe.
Kākoʻo i nā hua waina - nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi
- Hāʻawi ʻia ka hoʻouluulu maikaʻi ma ka trellis me kahi wī i nā pua
- Inā ulu nā hua waina ʻaʻole wale no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, akā no nā kumu hoʻolālā, hiki ke ulu iā ia ma ka pae
- Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Viomshem he ʻōnaehana o nā hehi holomua e ʻae iā ʻoe e ulu i kahi lāʻau "creeping"
ʻOkiʻoki i nā hua waina i ka pūnāwai a me ka wā lohi. I ka pūnāwai, pono ke kanu i kahi ukana maʻamau ma ka lāʻau. No Chernysh, ʻo ia he 35-45 mau maka. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka ʻāleʻa o nā māla no ka 6-8 mau maka, akā no Chernysh i ʻae ia e hoʻokō i kahi hua liʻiliʻi (nā maka 3-4), no ka mea ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano huaʻai me ka hua kiʻekiʻe i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o nā pua.
Hāpai Kūʻai - Nā wikiō
I ka wā keokeo, pono ia e hōʻoki i nā ʻāpana unripe o nā wana, a hemo hoʻi i nā mea momona ʻoi aku ka nui. Inā pono, e hoʻoulu ʻia i ka nahele no ke kahili ʻana, koho i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio maikaʻi, a ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā ʻōpua kahiko i ke kumu.
I ka hoʻoilo, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e uhi i nā lāʻau, ʻoiai ʻo ko lākou kū i ka hau. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, neʻe ʻia mai nā mea kākoʻo a ʻokiʻoki i nā waina a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a lalo. No ka mahana, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻōpala me ka mauʻu, agrofabric, kiʻiʻoniʻoni a i ʻole nā mea hana ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā hua waina i uhi ʻia me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni a kāpīpī ʻia me ka honua e ʻoiaʻiʻo nō ka hoʻoilo me ka ʻole o nā pilikia
Pono pono ke kanu ʻana i nā hua waina - pono ke hoʻomau ma ka lepo. ʻO ka koho maikaʻi loa he drip irrigation, akā inā hiki ʻole ke hoʻonohonoho pono iā ia, ua hoʻolako ʻia ka wai ma kahi o 50-60 lita i 1 mau lāʻau 4-5 i kēlā me kēia kau. Pono nā mea kanu i ka wā o ka lau o ka pua i mua o ka pua, ma mua o ka pua, i ka wā o ka wā o ka ovary, a ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana. I ka hoʻoilo maloʻo, pono ʻia kahi hoʻonaninani hou - hoʻoheʻe wai (120 l no kēlā me ka lāʻau 1), i lawe ʻia ma Nowemapa e holomua nā kūlana o ka hoʻoilo ma ka hoʻoilo hoʻoilo.
ʻAʻole hoʻoheʻe ʻia ka wai ma lalo o ke aʻa; pono ʻoe e ʻoki i nā ʻukuna no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma kahi mamao o 50-60 cm mai ke kumu.
I ka wā o ka ʻūhū, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohāinu ʻia nā hua waina - oki ke nahā paha nā hua. ʻOiaʻiʻo, maikaʻi ʻo Chernysh i loko o nā hua i hoʻowalewale koke ʻia a mai ʻōlohelohe.
Ka hoʻonohonoho o ka hoʻouluʻana i nā hua waina ma lalo o ke aʻa - wikiō
Pono ka ʻai ʻana i kekahi māla waina. Pono e hui pū ʻia me ka hoʻoulu ʻia, a ʻo ka mea nui ka paʻakai a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka phosphorus e hoʻohana ʻia mai nā waihona mineral. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o Chernysh kahi hikiwawe kūikawā i hoʻonui ʻia i nā dosis nui o nā pā potash. ʻAʻole lawe ʻia nā mea kanu Nitrogen - hoʻonoho lākou i ka ulu ulu nui i ka poino ʻole i ka hoʻokumu o ka ovary. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole e ola ka mea kanu me ka mālama ʻole o ka nitrogen me ka liʻiliʻi, akā me ka hoʻopuka o ka nui o nā waihona mea kūpono, ua māʻona ka pono o nā hua waina i ka pūhui nitrogen. Ma waho aʻe o ke kāhiko ʻaʻa, pono ia e hoʻōla i nā hua waina me nā hoʻonā o nā mea i hoʻopiha ʻia (boron, zinc).
Pākuʻi i nā hua waina - wikiō
Pest a me ka hoʻomake
ʻAʻole e hāʻawi ka ʻeleʻele i ka maʻi kukupa e like me ka malulu, ka oidium a me ka hina hina. Eia nō naʻe, inā makemake ʻoe e pale i kāu huaʻai mai kahi manawa kūpono ʻole, pono ʻoe e hoʻopau i nā lāʻau lapaʻau 2-3 me ka fungicides (no ka laʻana, ʻo ka palu ʻo Bordeaux a i ʻole ka lime-sulfur).
I mea e pale ai i nā manu a me nā wasps, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e pale ʻole i ka manawa a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana e kāwili i kēlā me kēia kuʻi me ka ʻāʻī pihi a i ʻole ʻeke peke.
Hoʻokomo ka pēke i hoʻopili ʻia ma luna o ka palaki i nā huaʻai mai nā pōpoki
ʻO ke hōʻiliʻili, ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili mai nā lau Chernysh i ʻAukake (ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mahina - i nā wahi mahana, i ka hopena o ka mahina - i nā wahi anu. Kūleʻa nā pulupulu lepo lepo i nā mākaʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pahu pāpale.
ʻAʻole pono e hoʻokaʻawale i nā puʻu pua ʻala āpau; mālama pono lākou ma ka lāʻau no nā hebedoma 3-4 ma hope o ka ʻūhā ʻana. Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā mea i hōʻiliʻili ʻia no nā wiki 2-3 i loko o ka friji a i loko o kahi lumi maloʻo.
ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻopau ʻia ʻo Chernysh i mua, akā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana iā ia i hana i ka jam a i nā backmes. Mahalo i ka ʻono "blueberry" ʻano ʻono, hoʻohālikelike kēia hua waina i nā mea ʻono ʻona a me nā waina.
ʻAʻole loaʻa wale ka wai ʻula ʻeleʻele, akā nani nō hoʻi
Nā loiloi o nā winegrowers
I ka makahiki mua o ka hua ʻana, ua hāʻawi ka Chernysh ma ka 26 māmā i ka 13 kg no ka makahiki 2011 ma kahi o 32 mau kima 14 kg. Akā ma 2012, ua hoʻokuke ʻo ia i nā māla āpau - wen. A ʻaʻohe ohi. ʻO 7kg wale nō kēia makahiki e nānā hou iā ia iho. Kūleʻa nā vino, nui ka lau, akā nā paʻū ma ka liʻiliʻi. Mai ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ua kāpae ʻo ia i ka hānai, me ka manaʻo e loaʻa ka lāʻau i ka ʻano maikaʻi i ka mālama maikaʻi.
Natalia Ivanovna, Uryupinsk//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2770
Mai koʻu ʻano o nā manaʻo nui, 1. nā māka nui loa: 1. E like me ka mea i ʻike mua ʻia, i ka wā e kāwili ʻia, ʻaʻole palupalu ke poʻo, a hiki ke kau ʻia ma luna o nā lāʻau no kahi lōʻihi. 2. Kaʻō. He mauʻu nā ʻArate Don. I Chernysha - kūpono loa. 3. Kāʻae. ʻO Agate Donskoy me kahi paʻu brownish. Anane loa ʻeleʻele loa ʻo Chernysh. 4. Ke koki nei i nā ʻokiʻoki ma kahi ākea. ʻO Agatha Donskoi i waena, ua loaʻa iā Chernysh i nā hua kiʻekiʻe o nā papa kiʻekiʻe me kahi ʻōnaʻo kaha o 80 - 95%.
sss64//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=2770
ʻO Chernysh hoʻokahi like ʻo Don Agate, aia wale nō i ka leka uila: E nānā i ka pae o ka waikawa ma ka 17% waihona momona - a hiki i 9%! No laila e hoʻopau ai i kēia mau ʻano ʻelua e kokoke loa. ʻO Black Black kekahi mea ʻē aʻe: ʻo ka honi a me nā waikona he 19 a 7. mau wale nō kēlā .. Eia wale ka hopena mua ma hope iki. Aia wau i ka winegrower hoʻokahi - e noho malū ana ʻo Agat lāua ʻo Chernysh, ʻaʻohe mea makemake e ʻai. A i ʻole e hoʻomaka mua i ka haki?
Vladimir Petrov//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=56&t=1308&view=print
iloko o ka maopopo o ka hili a me ka moo o ka paio i noho ai ma Chernysh, aneane aneane aole ia he heli, a maloo ka na alakaa. I kēia makahiki, hoʻopuka nui ka lāʻau i ka wai i ka wā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai no ka hoʻokolohua - I haki pinepine ʻia no nā makahiki, akā ma hope o kekahi mau lā, ua ola nā nahu. Pēlā pū ʻo Chernysh, ʻaʻole like me Agatha, he mālamalama kūlohelohe, ʻokoʻa a maikaʻi
Eugene. Chernihiv//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?p=106708#post106708
He kūpono loa ʻo Chernysh no ka kanu ʻana i ke alanui waena, e like me ka wā o ke kauwela pōkole ʻo ia e hoʻokele e hoʻoulu i nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole hopohopo i ka hau. He wiwo ole kēia hua waina i nā kūlana ulu a he maikaʻi loa ia i kona ʻano makua ʻo Agat Donskoy. ʻOiai ka like ʻana o nā hua o ka huaʻai i maʻi, ʻaʻole ia he drawback koʻikoʻi, e like me ka wikiwiki e hoʻōla koke.
