ʻO nā kukama ma kahi māla ma Pokukala: pehea e koho ai a ulu i 2020

ʻO nā kukama he mau lāʻau aloha wela, akā ināʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke noʻonoʻo i ka moʻomeheu hema. Ma kahi'ē aʻe, aia ma waena o Rūsia e mālama ʻia ana nā ʻano hoʻomaha like ʻole a me nā ʻahaʻaina i hoʻolaʻa i ka kukama. A eia nā inoa o nā ʻano kahiko - Murom, Vyaznikovsky, etc. - hōʻike ʻia i nā wahi waena i hōʻoluʻolu ke kukama. A, ʻaʻole paha, ʻaʻole hiki i kahi mea māla hoʻokahi o ka Wilayah o Moscow ke hana me ka ʻole e ulu mālo a me nā pimply.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa no ka wahi ʻo Moscow: ka wehewehe a me ke kiʻi

Nui nā ʻike o nā kukama, ʻike ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole o kā lākou mau ʻano e like me kekahi a me kekahi ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe. Ke kani nei lākou a piʻi, ʻoki a lūlū, i ke kakahiaka a me ka la ma mua, hoʻohuihui ʻia a pollinated e nā meli, etc. I kēia lā, ua nui ka nui o nā ʻano a me nā kōlepa o nā kukama a hoʻomaka ʻoe e kānalua: aia ma kahi o kekahi mea loea i hiki ke hoʻomaopopo iā lākou? ʻIke ʻē aʻe i kēlā me kēia mau haneli mau haneli ʻano ʻē aʻe kekahi?

Ma kēia mea, ke paʻakikī nui nei i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano no kekahi ʻāpana: no ka ʻono a me ka waihoʻoluʻu ... Kēia! ʻAe, maikaʻi loa nā mea āpau me ke kala: ua ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka nui o nā kukama i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua kapa ʻia kā lākou mau hua he greenery. Akā ma nā mea āpau, pono ʻoe e hilinaʻi wale i kāu ʻike a me ke aʻo ʻana o nā hoa pili me nā ʻike nui i ka māla ʻana. ʻO ke aʻo ʻana o ka honua e pili ana i ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano ma ka Mālīkaka o Moscow e hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me kahi ʻano o ke ea kūloko, kahi ʻano nui loa ia.

Ke koho ʻana i kahi māka no ka moena i hoʻomaloʻo, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka mea aʻe:

• ua paipaia, a no ka mea wehe, i koho ai i na kukama me ka wa o ke ohi ana he 452 mau la, ana, ina ua hiki ia, e ohi mua ana.
• ʻoi aku inā maikaʻi lākou-pollinated (parthenocarpic) kukama, no ka mea, ʻaʻole lele ka meli ma ka ʻāina Mosiko i kēlā me kēia lā, i loko o ke ʻano ʻino, hiki ke waiho ʻia nā kukama me ka nānā ʻole ʻana; Eia nō naʻe, koi ka pīlū pīhoihoi ʻano ma ka māla;
• ke koho ʻana ma waena o ka huehue a me ka pickling, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke hele i ʻole a kūʻai i nā hua kanu a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu o ka kumu o ka honua;
• a i kekahi ʻano ʻana, kanu ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole ma kahi moena.

ʻO nā kukuna waho

No ka kanu ʻana i ka lepo palekana ʻole, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i kekahi o ia ʻano ʻano like ʻole e like me:

• Ant F1 - parthenocarpic, ke kumu o ke ao nei, ka mākaukau hōʻiliʻili - 37-38 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, kukama paona ma kahi o 100 g;
• ʻO F1 F1 - kahi pīpī punahele kaulana, bee pollinated, ulu mai ka makahiki 1970.;
  

  ʻO ka fontanel kahi kukama, ʻike maikaʻi i nā mea kanu mākaukau

• Masha F1 - i hoʻomaka mua, parthenocarpic, ke kumu o ke ao, nā hua a ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 9 cm;
• Ka hoʻokūkū - e pili ana i nā ʻano koho pickling mua. He kiʻekiʻe ka huahana (a hiki i ka 8 kg mai 1 m²), e hana mua ana no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻāina ākea, ʻoiai e pīhoihoi ai nā pi, greenbacks a hiki i 13 cm loa;
  

  Competitor - kahi koho pickling maikaʻi loa mai ka helu o nā mea maʻamau i ulu ʻia

• ʻO Petersburg Express F1 - kahi pīpī pīhoihoi mua o ka huehue me ka nui o nā greens ma kahi o 80 g, kumu hana salad;
• Vyaznikovsky 37 - Hiki ke hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka hua ma hope o 40 lā, ua ulu ke ʻano o nā ʻano mai nā wā o ke kaua mua, ʻoi ʻo ka pī piʻo, ʻili.
  

  ʻO Vyaznikovsky 37 - ke kōlipaka haʻahaʻa o kā mākou mau makuahine

Kālepa lāʻau

ʻOiai ʻaʻole lele ka laula ma ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ua lōʻihi a paʻakikī hoʻi e hoʻohoka i nā kukama ma luna o lākou iho, pono ʻoe e koho i nā ʻano parthenocarpic, no ka laʻana:

• ʻO Amur F1 kahi pōpō māla ma mua loa; i ka malama mua o ka hua ʻana, hāʻawi ia i ka mea nona ka ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa āpau o ke kaupaona ʻana he iwakālua g;
  

  ʻO Cupid F1 - kahi kukama e hoʻohua nei i ka hua ma mua o ka hapa nui o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe
• ʻO Zozulya F1 - kahi hua momona i makemake nui ʻia me nā hua lōʻihi, e hua ana i ka hua no ka manawa lōʻihi, nā hua kiʻekiʻe, ke kīpē ʻana o ka ʻono maikaʻi;
• Claudia F1 - kahi ʻōlelo hoʻohālikelike me kahi hua puaʻa, ʻaʻole nui ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua kiʻekiʻe ka hua, ʻaʻole i puka nā kukama;
  

  Claudia F1 - kekahi o nā kukama ʻaʻole pono e hōʻiliʻili ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā ʻelua

• Courage F1 - kahi kīpē o ke kumu o ke ao holoʻokoʻa, me kahi hua momona loa a me nā momona momona maikaʻi loa;
• ʻO F1 ke keikikāne manamana lima liʻiliʻi he māla i hālāwai me ka inoa: Zelentsy liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻono maikaʻi, kūpono i ka paʻima;
  

  Kāne Huki F1 - Hoʻokahi Cite Huipuia

• ʻO Goosebump F1 - kahi puaʻa i hoʻomaka mua ʻia me nā hua pōkole maikaʻi-humped o ka maikaʻi maikaʻi loa, kahi māla momona.

Hiki ke hoʻomau ʻia kēia mau papa inoa, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo wale aku i kēia manawa ʻaʻole pau nā kukama maikaʻi i koe. Haki ...

Ke ulu nei nā kūlana

ʻO ka mea nui loa e kū aʻe ai i nā kukama e kū aʻe ana e pono ai ka wela, ka hoʻohuihui, a me nā nui o nā ponoʻai. I ka pilina me ka moʻomeheu aloha wela ma ka ʻāina ʻo Moscow, i hoʻonohonoho pinepine ʻia nā moina mahana no nā kukama. Hana ʻia lākou i kiʻekiʻe loa i nā lepo kaumaha. I ka manawa like, hoʻolohe lākou i ke kuhikuhi. No laila, ma nā papa lehele, e hoʻāʻo nā ʻōpala i ke komohana mai ke komohana a hiki i ka hikina, a ma nā ʻīlima ma waena o lākou. I nā wahi liʻiliʻi, nā māka no nā kukama e hoʻokipa pinepine ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao kūkulu hema o nā hale a i nā pā paha.

ʻO nā kukama kekahi o nā puʻupuʻu no ka pono o nā mea kanu, ʻoi aku nā mea kūlohelohe. Ma waho o kēia hiki ʻole ke ulu i nā mea kanu maʻamau. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā hua liʻiliʻi e ʻae i nā manure hou, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka lawe ʻana ma lalo o ka eli ʻana. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi, inā ʻo ka manure ma ka liʻiliʻi he hapalua quail; Hoʻohana ʻia ka peat a me ka kompos ka mea, akā, pono nō hoʻi nā minuke mineral. No laila, ma 1 m² pono nā moena i liʻiliʻi a hoʻokahi a me ka hapa paha o ka manure, kahi hapa o ka lehu lāʻau a hiki i 80 g o nitrophoska.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi papa no nā kukama i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e hoʻi ana i ka moʻomeheu i ʻole ma mua o ʻekolu mau makahiki ma hope. Halihali lākou i ka nui o nā mea kanu mai ka lepo, a pēlā pū ka nitrogen. No laila, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa no nā kukama he mau legume e hōʻiliʻili ai i ka nitrogen i ka lepo. Eia kekahi, kanu maikaʻiʻia nā kukama ma hope o ke aniani, ke kāleka, nā pēpē a me nā kamato. Hiki iā ʻoe - ma hope o kāloti, ʻili a kāpili paha, akā ʻaʻole i kūpono ma hope o nā huaʻai paukulu (nā ʻono wai, zucchini, paukena).

Lawe nā kukama i kahi pālahalaha nui o ka lepo, no laila e hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia ka moena i kahi wahi hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki

Ke ulu nei nā mea kanu

I nā wahi unoblematic, ulu nā kukama ma ka lūlū pololei ʻana i nā hua ma ke kīhāpai, akā i ka wā e hiki mai ai ka pūnāwai, a inā paha ʻoe makemake e kiʻi i nā ohi mua, nā mua o nā hua ma mua o ka mahina. No ka hana i kēia, pono ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo mahana, kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole ka puka aniani maikaʻi paha i loko o ka hale mokulele. Ma ka māhele o Moscow, ua like nā hana ʻelua o ka kanu ʻana i nā kukama (ma o nā huila a me ʻole lākou).

Nā lā kanu o ka lulu hua no nā mea kanu

ʻAʻole hiki ke kūʻai aku i nā hua kamala ma kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoiai he mau makahiki he nui ko lākou ola, a me ka maikaʻi no ka lūlū ʻana - 2-3 mau makahiki. ʻO ka wā o ka līlū i nā hua kanu, a laila kanu i nā hua kanu ma ka ʻāina i kaupalena ʻia e ka hōʻiliʻili o nā kukama ʻaʻole wale nō i ka hau maoli, akā akā, i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Me ka emi ʻana o ka mahana o ka lepo ma 10 ^{e pili ana}No ka mea aia he hoʻoweliweli i ka make o nā hua lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu mai ka lūlū hua. No laila, līlū i nā kukama i ka māla, me ka kanu ʻana i nā hua, ma ke ʻāina ʻo Moscow ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela ua pilikia loa.

Kahi no ka mea kanu i nā hua kanu i ka lepo i ka makahiki 25-30 o ke ao, e kipa nei ka lulu ʻana i nā hua i loko o nā kīʻaha ma nā kūlana o ka hopena o Moscow ma ka hopena o ʻApelila. Inā makemake ʻia ka kanu ʻana o nā kukama i nā kūlana ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻo ka hana ma nā mea kanu i hoʻomaka i nā mea ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule ma mua aʻe. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ia e pili i nā ʻōmaʻomaina mahana i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka kanu ʻana i nā makahiki āpau makahiki.

I ka wā e kanu ai i nā kukama no nā hua kanu i ka 2020 ma nā pā kula

ʻO lalo nā lā maikaʻi loa a maikaʻi loa no ka kanu ʻana i nā kukama ma ka kalena ʻo lunar. Eia kekahi, i kēia mau lā, hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā "ʻōlelo" āpau, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā hua āpau nona ka hua ʻana ma luna o ka ʻāina. No nā mea kanu ai pono nā lā ʻē.

Kūkulu nā hua i nā kīʻaha

I ka nui o kēia mau lā, ua mākaukau nā hua i loko o nā ʻeke i ke kūʻai aku ʻana no ka lūlū. Hiki ke kanu ʻia iā lākou e like me lākou, akā, he mau huaʻaola (hiki ke lawe wale ʻia mai nā hua like ʻole, akā ʻaʻole mai nā hybrids!) Pono ʻia e hoʻomākaukau iki. He pīhoihoi ka papa inoa o nā papa hoʻomākaukau, akā naʻe kahi mea hana mākaukau e hana wale ai i nā mea āna i ʻike he kūpono. E ka nui a lākou lākou i nā hua:

• calibrate (koho i ka nui a me nā ikaika);
• hōʻoluʻolu (hoʻomau i nā lā 2-3 i ka pā wela);
• disinfect (mālama i nā mau minuke 20-30 i kahi hopena ʻeleʻele o ka potassium permanganate);
• hoʻolāʻau i ka hoʻouluʻana i nā ulu (Zircon, Epin, alove wai);
• kia paʻakikī (hoʻomau i loko o kahi kūlana i loko o ka friji no 1-2 lā);
• kāʻili (hoʻomau i ka mahana i kahi lole pale a ʻike ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi).
  

  Ke kanu nei i nā hua kanu, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e kali no nā aʻa lōʻihi: i ka wā e lūlū ai, hiki ʻole iā lākou ke ʻoki hōʻoki ʻia

Pono ke kaʻina i ka manawa? ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole nui kēia mau hana, akā, ʻaʻohe ka manawa hana e hana ai i kēia mau mea a pau, a no laila e hiki ke kau ʻoe iā ʻoe iho no ka wehe ʻana i nā hua. A me nā mea i kūʻai ʻia i ka hale kūʻai, ma mua o ka lūlū, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolalū i nā hola no ka wai. Ma hope o kēlā, hiki ke kanu palekana iā lākou i nā aniani me kahi kāwili maikaʻi maikaʻi.

Pono ka liʻiliʻi o nā kīʻaha ma mua o 300 ml, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kāwili e kūʻai wale i loko o kahi hale kūʻai. Akā inā ʻaʻole ʻoe makemake e hoʻolimalima i kahi kālā hou, pono ʻoe e hana i kahi ʻāina kūʻai me ka ea maikaʻi a me ka air permeability. Hiki iā ia, no ka laʻana, kahi hui ʻana o ka papa turf, compost, sand and peat, i lawe ʻia ma kahi pākē o 2: 2: 1: 1.

Kūkulu ʻia nā hua kākala i loko o nā aniani i kahi hohonu o 1.5 cm, hoʻoulu maikaʻi ʻia a mālama ʻia a hiki ke maloʻo ʻia ka kū (ʻo ke ʻano ma ka mahana o 25-28 ^{e pili ana}C) ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e uhi i nā kīʻaha me ke kiʻi a i ʻole ke aniani, akā inā ʻaʻole maloʻo ka hale, a laila e puka nā wana i nā lā 5-8 a pēlā. Pono e hoʻoneʻe koke i nā hua kanu i kahi anu, a hoʻomālamalama ʻia (16-18 ^{e pili ana}C) a mālama i laila i nā lā 3-4. Ma hope o kēlā, kūpono ka mahana o ka lumi no ka kukama, akā pono e lawa ka mālamalama.

Ka mālama hānai

I ka mālama ʻana i nā hua kukama, ʻo nā mea pōpilikia loa nā lā mua. Inā i kēia manawa ua māmā a anuanu, ʻaʻole i kīiʻi nā hua, a laila lawe iā ia i ka māla, ʻaʻole ia he pilikia. Me ka nele o ka māmā, pono nā lako kikoʻī, akā hiki ʻole ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ke ana: i kēia manawa, pono nā mea kukama i ka mea e like me kā lākou nona. ʻO ke koena ʻoi ka wai hoʻoluʻu, inā pono - ʻoi aku ka lole o luna, a me ka paʻakikī hoʻi ma mua o ke kanu i ka māla.

Pono nā kanu kanu i ka wai mahana (me ke ʻano o ka 25 ° C). ʻAʻole pono kēlā wai nui i ka wai, akā hiki pū nō hoʻi e hoʻomaloʻo i ka lepo. Hiki i ke ala o ka huhū i ke kūlana, akā pono e hana ʻia kēia ma kahi o kēlā me kēia lā. Ma hope o kēlā me kēia punawai, he hana maikaʻi ia e ninini i kahi liʻiliʻi o ke one maloʻo i ke aʻa o nā mea kanu.

I ka hihia o ka lepo maikaʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana. Akā inā e ulu palupalu nā hua, a ʻeleʻele nā ​​lau, pono ʻoe e inu i nā kukama me ka liʻiliʻi o ka infusion o ka lehu lāʻau (2-3 mau mea pāpaona ma ka lita o ka wai). Ke hala ʻole o ka lehu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kekahi pākēkē mineral paʻakikī. ʻO ka ʻoiʻoi loa ʻo ka foliar ʻoi loa (ka pīpī ʻana i nā lau me kahi hāmeʻa i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka lāʻau). Ma hope o kēlā me kēia lole, pono ka hoʻohuihui ʻia.

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua kukuna me ke kī ʻole. Hiki i nā mea kanu ke hoʻopili i nā pahu ākea ʻē aʻe i ka pilikia wale nō; hoʻāʻo lākou e hoʻokō me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana kumu.

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kukuna me kahi ʻaoʻao transshipment me kahi puʻupu uahi i ʻole e pau. ʻO kahi hoʻololi no kahi kukama kahi kaumaha nui loa.

A hebedoma ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i ka māla, ua paʻe ʻia nā hua, e ʻalo koke i ka makani, ke ʻole, ʻoiai, me ka mālama ʻana i ke ea ma ke alanui ka liʻiliʻi loa 10-12 ^{e pili ana}Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kukū hua ma ka makahiki he aneane hoʻokahi mahina, me nā lau 3-4 maoli. Pono nā hua maikaʻi i mākela ikaika a, inā paha, nā wīwī e kū mai ana.

ʻAʻole pono nā hua o ka kukama ma ke kiʻekiʻe, akā he mānoanoa ka ikaika, ikaika

Hoʻopili i nā hua kanu i ka lepo

I ke kakahiaka o ka lā o ka hoʻololi i loko o ka māla, hoʻoulu nui nā kukama i nā aniani. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā mea kanu ma ka ʻāina palekana ʻole i ka wā mahana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ke ahiahi o kahi lā ʻōpū. Inā hoʻolālā ʻia kahi hoʻomaha, a laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke huki hou, pono ʻoe e kūkulu i nā pā kaʻawale. I loko o ka hale - ka mea maʻalahi loa: ma kahi waena i ka Mei o ka hopena e leʻaleʻa ʻole ia i loko.

No nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻano kanu like ʻole, akā i kēlā me kēia mea ʻaʻole pono e hoʻomoʻomoʻu i nā kumulāʻau i ʻole pono ʻole: mai ka mālama ʻana i ke keʻena, ʻaʻole e kiʻekiʻe ka hōʻiliʻili, akā, ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe. Kuhi pinepine nā kukama i nā lālani, me ka mamao ma waena o lākou a ma kahi hapalua mika, a ma waena o nā lāʻau i kēlā me kēia laina 25-30 cm, akā no nā ʻano me ka ulu ikaika - freer. ʻO ke kaʻina o ka kanu kanu - no nā mea kanu lāʻau:

1. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, e wehe i ka lepo a pae i ka moena me kahi rake.
   

   ʻO ka rake no ka wehe i ka lepo ka maʻalahi

2. Ma nā wahi i koho ʻia, hana lākou i ka lua ma ke kao: ʻo ka hohonu o ko lākou hohonu ka nui o nā ipu me nā hua kō.
3. Hoʻokahi ʻia ka māhu lāʻau a me kahi pā i ka nui o nā loina paʻakikī i hoʻohui ʻia i kēlā me kēia luawai, i kāwili pū ʻia me ka lepo a hoʻoinu ʻia me ka wai mahana.
   

   Eʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā mea kanu i ka palaina, a e pono no ia e aʻa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi

4. E hoʻolōʻihi mālie i nā mea kanu mai ke aniani, kanu i loko o ka lua i hoʻomākaukau ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻomoʻi iki i nā hua kanu, kokoke i nā lau cotyledonous, akā hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke eli i ka hohonu loa i nā aʻa: ka hohonu, ka maloʻo.
   

   ʻO nā mea āpau, he mea nui e hoʻoneʻe iā ia mai ke kīʻaha me ka ʻole e hoʻopilikia i nā aʻa a kanu hoʻi iā ia i ka lua

5. E mālama pono i ka moena me ka wai mahana, a ma hope o lākou i hamch me ka peat a i ʻole humus.
   

   No ka mulching māla kanu, kūpono nā lau maloʻo.

I loko o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua kanu nā mea kanu i ke ala like, akā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, no ka mea pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ʻo ia mai ka wā o ka hāʻule, hoʻoinu i nā moena me kahi hopena o ke keleawe keleawe a i nā karbofos, a hiki paha ke kahili i ka lepo me kahi hou. Hāpai ʻia nā huluhulu i loko o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma mua o ka hāmama, a me ka hebedoma ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i nā hua kanu e hoʻomehana ai i ka moena ma o ka ninini ʻana ia me ka wai me ka mullein a uhi iā ia me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Eia kekahi, inā i loko o kahi kōkō lepo paʻa ʻole e kūkulu ʻole ʻia i nā kākoʻo, a laila ma loko o kahi kāwele kahi mea loiloi trellis ka hana maʻamau. Kanu nā hua kanu i loko o ke kālena ma hope o ke hoʻomainu ʻana a me nā moena, a me ka ea i kahi mahana o nā liʻiliʻi 18-18 ^{e pili ana}C.

Ke kanu ʻana i nā kukama me nā hua kanu pololei i ka māla

I ka hapa nui o nā wahi Lūkia, ulu nui nā hua kukala, ʻ speakinglelo ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole i koi ʻia. Hoʻopau kēia i ka Mōkona ʻo Moscow, ke ʻano kuʻuna e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i nā hua maʻamau me ka līlū pololei me nā hua ma ka papa ākea, a ʻoi aku hoʻi i loko o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hoʻomaka nā honu hou i hoʻohua ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o ka ʻike ʻana o nā mea kanu. No laila, i mea e leʻaleʻa ai i nā kukama i ka waena o ke kauwela, hiki ke kanu pono i nā hua i Mei i ka māla.

Kūkulu hua i ka māla

Hiki iā ʻoe ke lulu i nā hua ma kahi hebedoma ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i nā hua kanu, ʻo ia hoʻi ma hope o 20 o Mei. A inā i ka manawa mua ʻoe e hoʻohana ai i nā pale kiʻi maʻalahi, a laila i ka waena o ka mahina hiki iā ʻoe ke lūlū i nā kukama, a ma ka hopena o Iune e loaʻa ai nā hua mua. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā e hoʻomau ʻoe i ka moena i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma mua o ka ninini ʻana iā ia me ka wai wela a uhi iā ia me ka wahī aila i hoʻokahi pule. I ka manawa like, e kū mai nā kaʻo akamai, hiki ke luku ʻia ma mua o ka lūlū hua.

Hoʻokomo liʻiliʻi nā hua i loko o ka māla i ka hohonu hohonu ma mua o nā kīʻaha: 2.5-3 cm. Hoʻohālike like me ka wā kanu mea kanu. Akā inā ʻaʻole ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lūlū nui iā lākou, ʻo kēlā me kēia 10-15 cm, e wehe i ka nui (a e kanu pono iā lākou me ka pūpū o ka honua!). E pili ana i ke ʻano o ka lālani e pili ana kekahi i kekahi, he nui ke koho, a koho ʻia ka mea nona iho iā ia iho.

I ka ulu nui o nā kukama, ua hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano hana paʻi (ʻo ka lipine ʻelua mau lālani me ka mamao o 30-50 cm ma waena o lākou, aʻo ka liʻiliʻi he 90 cm i koe ma waena o nā lipona liʻiliʻi). Ke kanu nei i kahi liʻiliʻi o nā hua, he maʻamau kēia e pili ana i kahi ala maʻamau, i ka wā ma waena o ʻelua mau lālani ʻelua waiho waiho i kahi palapala ʻole, a i ʻole i ka pahu hoʻokahi i loko o kahi moe māla.

Ke hoʻonohonoho nei i kahi māla liʻiliʻi, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻelua mau lālani ma luna

ʻO kekahi manawa ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻano pākahi square-ana, i ka wā e hoʻonohonoho ʻia ai nā ʻāpana he 12-15 cm ka lōʻihi ma kahi mamao he 70 cm mai kēlā me kēia, ma kēlā me kēia.

ʻO ka maʻalahi loa, i ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻā o ka puʻu o ka hohonu e pono ai, maikaʻi ia e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou me ka wai mai ka puna wai ʻole me ke kīwī ʻana, a laila kāpae i nā hua i hoʻomākaukau ʻia a kāpīpī iā lākou me ka lepo, me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana iā ia. ʻAʻole pono ke kāpīpī mai luna mai, akā e uhi i nā mea kanu me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni a i ʻole spanbond e mālama ai i ka makika a me nā mea pono ke pono.

Ke lūlū hua i nā kōlima

ʻO ka hana o ka kanu ʻana i nā kukama i loko o kahi hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma kokoke o Moscow e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i kona maikaʻi a me ka pae o ka mākaukau o nā moena. I kekahi hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke lūlū ma mua o ʻelua mau hebedoma ma mua o ka ʻāina palekana ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, pono e kali a hiki i ka mahana ʻana o ka mahana no nā kukama i paʻa i ka hauleʻa. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ia ka ʻano loea i ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka ʻāina ākea, hiki wale i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona lulu: hiki i kahi mamao ma waena o nā kumu lāʻau ke kūpaʻa ʻia, ma ka puʻu ʻana o ke kuʻuna home.

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo nā kukama laumaʻa ʻaʻole loa e loaʻa i loko o ka moʻomeheu lūlū, no ka mea pono e hoʻopakele i kahi o nā home i loko o ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo! No laila, pono e pono ke hoʻopili ʻia o nā trellises, a e hoʻoholo ʻia ke kumu lulu ma kahi a pehea e maʻalahi ai ke kūkulu ʻana iā lākou. Inā manaʻo ka mea nona ka pili o nā trellis ma ka paia, a laila hoʻihoʻi ka 25-30 cm mai ia mai a lūlū i nā hua i ka lālani. Inā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi ma ka waiho ʻana i ka moena i waenakonu o ke kuikona, a laila hoʻonohonoho lākou i ʻelua mau lālani, nānā ana i kahi mamao o 30 cm ma waena o lākou, a hoʻonohonoho i nā trellis ma waena o nā laina, e hoʻonohonoho pū ana i nā lehelehe ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua.

ʻOiai no ka mea, i ka wā kanu trellis, hiki ke kanu ʻia nā kukama i kahi māla liʻiliʻi, i loko o nā hale lāʻau kā lākou e hānai nui ai: ʻo ka mamao ma waena o nā mea kanu i kahi laina e hiki ke hōʻalo ʻia i 20, a no nā māla palupalu - a hiki i 15 cm. Akā, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ulu ʻana i nā kukama e mālama ʻia. ʻoiai e hoʻopaʻa ʻia lākou i kēlā me kēia manawa, a i ʻole ke alakaʻi ʻia i ka nui e pono ana i ke ʻano e pono ai.

Laona kikowaena

Ma muli o ka mālama ʻana i nā kukama me kekahi ʻōnaehana ulu nui ʻaʻole paʻakikī i ka paʻakikī, akā e koi pinepine ana i ka wai hoʻōla a me ka nui, ka ʻaina kauoha, ka hana ʻana o nā pua, a me ka ʻōpopo, a inā ʻaʻole momona, a laila nā maʻi) a me ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili.

ʻO ka mahiʻai waho

ʻO nā kukama o kekahi ʻano makemake e mālama mau. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia iā lākou ke kolamu, akā pono lākou i ka wai nui. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kulu wai i nā kukama me ka wai mahana (a ka liʻiliʻi me ka mahana o 25 ^{e pili ana}C), no laila ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hana ʻana i kēia mea i ke ahiahi, i ka wā e hoʻomā ka make ai ka wai i loko o nā pahu.

Hoʻomoʻa ʻia ka wai me ka wai pākī mai ka ʻōlima: e haʻalele i nā kukama mai ka wai anuanu, a maʻi pinepine ʻia.

Hoʻopuka ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka māla holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole aia ma lalo o ke aʻa. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole makemake nā kukama i ka huehue a me nā lau. Hiki i ka pīpī wale nō ke wela i ka wā wela, i ka manawa e koi ai nā lau.

Hoʻokumu ka mea pinepine i ka hoʻōla i ka manawa: i kekahi mau manawa a ʻelua pule no ka manawa, a ua pono no hoʻi ka pono o ka hoʻoulu ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā. I ka wā mua, ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana a hoʻoili ʻole, he pono e wehe i ka pāpū lepo, ʻoiai e hoʻoneʻe ana i ka mauʻu. Akā i ka lōʻihi o ka manawa, ulu nā aʻa ma luna o ka papa holoʻokoʻa o ka moena, a aia lākou i pāpala. No laila, hiki ʻole ka wehe ʻana i ke ʻano loiloi, a hoʻololi ʻia e ka mulching wā maʻamau o nā moena. Inā ʻike ʻia nā aʻa, hoʻohui lākou wale nō i ka mulch wale nō, akā he ʻāina maloʻo nō hoʻi, e hoʻohui pū ana i ka lehu lāʻau ma kēlā me kēia mau hebedoma ʻelua (e pili ana i kahi kuahiwi ma kahi lāʻau).

Hāpai ʻia nā kukama i nā manawa he nui i ke kauwela, ʻoiai ke koho ʻole ʻia nā koho kōpō ʻole. Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi nā infusions o nā minamina a me nā minamina paʻakikī. Hāʻawi ʻia ka hānai mua o nā kukama i nā lā he 12-15 ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana (a ʻekolu mau pule ma hope o ka puka ʻana mai), ʻo ka lua ma hope o ka pua ʻana i nā pua mua, a laila i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau pule. Ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kekahi lole a tope a ma hope o ia hana ʻana, hoʻoulu ʻia nā kukama.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu meaʻai pilikino e nānā ʻole ʻia, akā e like me nā kukama

Aia no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā lāʻau, ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi i nā ʻano like i like: ʻo ka ʻano hana o kēia hana ʻaʻole wale nō e pili i ka ʻano o ka mahiai, akā, ma ka ʻokoʻa.

I nā makahiki he iwakālua i hala aku nei ua hiki ke akaka i nā manawa ma hope o ka puka ʻana o ka lau ʻelima, e ʻili i ka lāʻau a ulu a kū ka ʻaoʻao, kahi i hana ʻia ai ka hua nui. I kēia manawa hiki ke hāpai i kēia hāʻule i ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā hua: he nui nā ʻano hua like ʻole.

No laila, i kekahi mau hihia, ʻaʻole kiko ka lāʻau i ka manawa āpau, i kekahi manawa ke hoʻokō lākou i ka ulu ʻana o nā wana ʻaoʻao, a i kekahi manawa, ma ke ʻano ʻē, e noʻonoʻo i ka pana nui, e hoʻohui ana wale i ka 2-3 nā wana ʻaoʻao. Ma kēia mea, pono e heluhelu pono kekahi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi lāʻau ma kahi pākeo me nā hua, a inā he mea ʻē aʻe, e hoʻāʻo e ʻimi i ka wehewehe o ka ʻano o nā ʻano i nā ʻano puke. Akā hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā kumu i ka wā e ulu ai ka moʻomeheu kūleʻa ʻaʻole i paʻakikī: ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kukama i piʻi ma luna o kekahi pā, pono wale nō lākou e hoʻouna ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao kūpono, a ʻo ka ʻili paʻa pono wale nō i ka pae mua.

No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e hoʻohana i ka twine palupalu (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi - ke kuʻi mai nā ʻāpana kahiko), e hoʻāʻo e kahele i ka laula o ka lau holoʻokoʻa o ka mea kanu ma luna o nā loile. Inā nui nā lau, i kekahi manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻoki i nā lau i hū ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi nā poʻe e uhi ana i nā hua mai ke kukui. ʻO kēlā mau ʻano hua e hāʻawi i nā lau loloa loa i kā lākou ulu ʻana e ka piniki i ka piko o ke kumu nui i ka wā e ulu ai ka lōʻihi "hemahema" lōʻihi.

Wikiō: nā kukama ma ka ʻāina ākea

Kālepa hale lāʻau

ʻO ka kumu, ke ulu nei i nā kukama i loko o kahi hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ma ka pā ākea e kau pū ana i nā hana like a me nā kānāwai, akā aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano kukama he nui wale no nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole, he mea hoʻohālikelike. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo iʻoi aku ka malu: ma hope o nā mea āpau, nā kumuhana o nā pā o ka home kuli e mālama i kekahi mau o ka lā. ʻAʻole lele ka mea make ma nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, no laila e pono nā pālahalaha iho i nā kukama.

Inā loaʻa ka māla hale i ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hoʻohana i kāna mau pono i loko o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka loaʻa mua ʻana. No laila, ʻo ka hapanui o nā manawa, ua mākaukau ʻia nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia i loko o ka ʻōmaʻomaka, e hoʻomākaukau koke a kākoʻo i nā mea kanu. ʻO ke ʻano maʻalahi ʻo ia kahi kaula ākea paʻa i lalo o ka paila, kahi i hoʻopili ʻia ai nā mea kanu, e hana ana i kahi pūhaka me kahi kaula lulu i ke kiʻekiʻe o 10-15 cm mai ka pae o ka honua. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi aniani kūʻē i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, kahi a ka piʻi i kū maikaʻi ai nā kukama.

Ma kahi kokoke i nā ʻōhua like ʻole i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo e koi ai i ke ʻano o nā lāʻau, i lawe ʻia e like me kēlā me kēia lula. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻano like, a laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻae i ka ulu ʻole ʻana i nā kui: pono ʻoe e ʻokiʻoki i ke kumu nui a me nā mea make ke hiki aku lākou i ka lōʻihi e like ʻole i ka mea hānai. ʻAʻole koi nā kukama i ka huki i ka hōʻiliʻili: ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hiki ke ulu i ka mea ulu i nā mea a pau i hoʻomaka, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e kōkua iā ia e hānai.

Inā aia he mau kukama, e kanu pinepine ʻia lākou i ka pā ma ke kaola

Hoʻolaha pinepine ʻia ka kanu i loko o ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma mua o waho (ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻaʻole kōkua ka ua), akā hiki i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻia no nā kukama, a ʻoi aku hoʻi no ka mau ʻōmole ma mua o lākou. No laila, hāpila ka wā mākea i ka manawa: inā i piʻi ka mahana ma luna o 30 ^{e pili ana}C, nui ka pilikia e ulu ka uliuli nui, a me ka wela nui, ʻaʻole pua nā pua, akā make. A ʻo ka maʻi ma ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hoʻouka pinepine ʻia i ka hihia nui a me ka pākī.

Mai ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā maʻi a me nā pōpilikia, ʻoiai he nui ka nui o nā kukama, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kānaka kauwela ʻaʻole e hana i nā ʻano pale, me ka liʻiliʻi loa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau kūlohelohe. Mahalo paha, nona kāna iho inoa: makemake wau e ulu i nā huahana aloha kūlohelohe. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hōʻola o nā kānaka: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i kekahi pōʻino ma mua o ka hana pū ʻia. Hāʻawi ʻia nā hopena maikaʻi ma o ka hoʻolei ʻana i nā mea kanu me nā lehu a me nā hopena ʻokoʻa. Hoʻokomo pū ka ʻehā o nā mea kanu: nā kāleka, ʻala manu, ʻōpala, wormwood, etc.

Video: ʻili nā kukama i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili a me ka mālama

ʻO nā ʻōpala o kekahi ʻano e ʻohi pinepine: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO kēia kumu ʻaʻole wale wale nō no ka hoʻonui ʻana aʻe i ke ʻano o ka nui o nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ke hōʻiliʻili wale nei ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ovaries i lalo aʻe a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka loaʻa holoʻokoʻa. He mea nui loa e kāohi i nā kukama mua loa i ka wā hiki pono: ʻaʻole pono pono e ulu i nā pā i ka ʻāina.

I ka wā o ka lau nui ʻana, pono e hōʻiliʻili ʻaʻole i nā hua maikaʻi wale nō: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke neʻe ʻana i nā "freaks" i ka manawa: nā kukama ʻano pākēneka, greenbacks o kahi ʻano hana like ʻole, hoʻolei hoʻolōʻihi i nā ulu, etc.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e hōʻilima i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā lima, ʻoiai e hōʻeha ana i nā hōʻola. Pono nā kākōlio e ʻokiʻoki me nā ʻoki a me nā secateurs, i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e haʻalele i ka lāʻau i ka mea kanu. ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa o ka lā e ʻoki ai i ke kakahiaka o a i ʻole, i ke ʻano, i ke ahiahi ahiahi: i ka manawa kēia, ʻo ka greenery ka momona, ʻono a ʻoluʻolu, a mālama ʻia i ka lōʻihi.

ʻO kēlā mau kīleʻī e hoʻopili i ka hua, pono lākou e ʻohiʻohi i mua

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hapanui o nā kukama ua mālama ʻia ma kahi pōkole loa: ʻo ka "lōʻihi ka lōʻihi" ke kau nei i loko o ka hale hale a hiki i 3 mau pule, akā e emi iki ana kā lākou ʻano. Hiki i hoʻokahi hebedoma a ʻelua paha mau kukama ke moe i loko o ka friji, ua kāʻei ʻia i ka pale pepa. ʻO kekahi manawa kōkua ka hoʻokipa e hoʻonui i ke ola o ka noho, i ka mea i ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā kukama me ka ʻōpala a hoʻokomo iā lākou i loko o ka wai e like me nā pua, akā hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā hua no laila, koe wale nō ka lāʻau, ua 1-2 cm wale o ka hua i ka wai.

Mālama ʻo ia i nā kukama a me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni o ka hua manu keʻokeʻo, i hana ʻia ma ka hoʻopuni wale ʻana i nā mea ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo raw. ʻAʻole naʻe kekahi mau kaʻina e ʻae iā ʻoe e mālama i nā kukama i ʻoi ʻia e like me ka "pololei mai ka māla."

ʻO ka kukama, ʻoiai mai ka ʻāina mahana, ua manaʻo ʻia ia i kēia mea kanu Lūkini maoli, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo ia me kekahi kanaka ikaika a olakino: "e like me ka kukama!" Ma waho o waho, ʻaʻole hiki i ke mākeke o Moscow ke noʻonoʻo. A, ʻo ke kuhi o nā kukama i kāna pono iho, kokoke i nā kānaka noho kauwela āpau e komo ana i kēia, a ʻoi loa ka hana.