ʻO nā Polymers, e like me ka ʻike o ka manaʻo o ke kanaka, e hoʻololi pono i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe mai ka hoʻolālā ʻāina, ke kāʻei ʻana i ko lākou helehelena, akā ke loaʻa i nā hiʻohiʻona a me ke kumukūʻai. A inā ua hoʻohana mua ʻia nā kānaka i ka hihilika a me nā palauleʻa, a laila hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana palaki no nā ala i kahi hoʻoliʻiliʻi pinepine ʻole ka mālama ʻana i nā pōhaku a i ʻole ka pōhaku. Ke hoʻoikaika nei ia i nā lihi o ke kūlanakauhale a me nā alanui, a akahele maoli nō ka mea noho maʻamau ke kauwela a ʻike ʻole ʻia i ka ʻenehana o ka waiho ʻana i kēia kumuhana. E hoʻāʻo e hoʻomaopopo i nā nuances o ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ala māla mai nā ʻano ʻāpana like ʻole.
ʻ Howlelo ka ʻokoʻa a ka palani plastik i ka polymer?
Ma ka Pūnaewele, ʻo ka manawa pinepine o ka pahu āpau, he nui nā polymers, i kapa ʻia he plastic. No laila, i kēia māhele hiki ke ʻike ʻoe i nā kumuwaiwai mai ka 100% palika a me ka hui pū ʻana o nā polimia me nā mea kūlohelohe, e like me ke quartz, lāʻau lāʻau i ʻōpala, a pēlā aku nā ʻokoʻa a me ka nani o ka uhi.
He maʻalahi ke ʻano o ka palaka maʻalahi, a he haʻahaʻa ka pale o ka hau, ma hope o kekahi mau hiʻi e hoʻomaka ai e wāwahi, ʻūhū, palupalu, a me nā manaʻo ʻē aʻe.
Loaʻa nā kulu plastik i nā kala kukui a me nā hoʻolālā maʻamau, akā ma ke mau makahiki ua nalowale lākou i nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻonani a hoʻomaka i ka wāwahi i nā ʻōpū.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hui ʻana o nā polimia a me ke one quartz, mau ʻia ka mahalo no ka quartz, e kū i ka hau, a me ka neʻe o ka poʻe a me nā kaʻa. Akā i ka helehelena, noho like kahi kola like ʻole, ʻaʻole simulate i nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO kona kapili kai monophonic kūpono loa no nā ala kokoke i nā loko, nā loko wai, kahi e hoʻoweliweli ʻia ai ka lepo kiʻekiʻe. Akā ʻoiai ke kumu nui, e kū ana mai ka ʻīpuka a hiki i ka puka waena i ka hale, ʻaʻole ke koho ʻo ka mea āpau i nā kime polimeta polimer. Inā kāpīpī ka hale me nā mea pena, no ka laʻana, siding, a laila ʻoluʻolu ke ʻōlaʻi. Akā ke kū'ē nei i ke kua o nā hale lāʻau a i ʻole nā pōhaku, e lilo nā ala i nā aesthetics.
Ma ka maikaʻi o ka pae, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike koke i ka hana ʻana o ka mea i hana ʻia ai nā mea kūlohelohe, akā ʻaʻole e ʻalo ka papahele i kekahi kau.
ʻO ka decking ke kiʻi nani loa - kahi papa ʻāina, kahi i kāwili ʻia ai ka palaoa kāwili ʻia me nā mea hoʻohui polymer. ʻO waho, he mea like ia me nā papa lāʻau, i.e. parquet kūlohelohe, no laila ke kūpaʻa a kūlike ka helehelena o ke ala. Hiki ke kapa ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻili palaka ke kapa ʻia, no ka mea, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hana like ʻole i ka lāʻau a ʻokiʻoki a me nā polimer i nā pā hale like ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau māhele i kahi māhele o 50:50, akā ʻo ka mea kokoke loa i ka hana i nā lāʻau lāʻau kūlohelohe, kahi o nā polima wale nō 20%. Ka mea, ua loli nā koi o ke kāhiko. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hana maoli, ʻoi aku ka makaʻu o ka nāu, ʻo ia ka mea e pono ai ke kumu kūpono.
Hoʻohālike ʻia nā ʻano ʻōlelo like ʻole o ka papa ʻāina i ka pā hale kūlohelohe, akā e waiho ʻia ana me ka maʻalahi no ka nui o nā kihi.
Ke waiho ʻana i nā kime modular: hui ma ke ʻano o ka mea hana
ʻO nā ʻāpana palaki pakanaha no nā ala māla i ka hapa pinepine o ka paparū i wahi no ka hū ʻana a me ka lepo lepo i loko. Kūkili ʻia nā ʻili like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā laka i kau ʻia ma nā kihi o nā iwi. ʻO ko lākou hui e like me ka pāʻani me kahi hoʻolālā keiki, no laila hiki i kahi keiki ke hōʻuluʻulu i kahi ʻōpiopio.
I ka manawa pinepine, no ka hana ʻana i nā pākuhi ma nā ʻāpana palila, hāʻawi ʻia nā mea paʻa hou, e ʻoi aku ka pale i ka luhi.
E kau i nā kola kopa ma kekahi ʻaoʻao pākahi, kahi o nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe ma mua o ka hapa centimeter. Hiki iā lākou ke waiho ʻia ma nā laina pololei a me ke huli ʻūhā hema. Ma ka pākaukau, ua kau ʻia nā ʻili me ka ʻole o ka hana i mua, no ka mea ua pae mua ka maka ma mua o ke kanu ʻia ʻana o ka pūnaewele me ka mauʻu.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke waiho i kahi pā palemela ma ke kahua ma ka hapalua hola wale nō, akā i mea e mālama ai ia no ka manawa lōʻihi, ma mua o ka hoʻoilo, pono ʻoe e ʻale i ke kuāiki a hūnā ma ka waho.
Ke kau nei i ka lepo, no ka laʻana, i ka wā e hana ana i nā ala ma waena o kahi moena, e ʻōlelo ʻia e waiho mua i ka waihona me ka mea i pono ʻole i nā lau i haki ʻia, a ma luna o ka lāʻau - e hui pū ʻia i nā ʻila.
Inā he kahua paʻa paʻa ka pūnaewele me ka mau palahalaha a me nā potholes, a laila pono e hoʻoponopono liʻiliʻi ʻia, e uhi ana i nā hemahema āpau me nā sima cement a kau paha, a kau i kahi uhi modular ma luna. ʻAʻole hoʻāʻo ʻia ka palaki pepa modular no ka hoʻokau pono static ikaika, no laila hele wale nō ia ma luna.
Nā paila Polymer-one: pavers
ʻO kahi pahu i hana ʻia me nā polimer me nā hoʻohui a me ka quartz i puka mai ke ʻano he mea e hoʻokaʻawale i nā pōhaku, kahi hiki ke hoʻopili i ka wai a mai kēia wā e wāwahi ʻia ai. ʻAʻohe o kahi palani palu e loaʻa ʻole ai kahi pilikia. A ʻoiai, ʻo ka ʻenehana no ka waiho ʻana i nā kolo polimera polimika ka like me ka kongkoa. Pono e hana i ka pākahi like, ke one a me ke kākala pume, waiho i nā curbs, etc. A laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke kau iā ia ma kahi kumu, nā mea i haki ʻia, a i ʻole ka mea i hoʻohuihui ʻia ke one-sement, ma muli o ka ukana e kūpaʻa kāu ala. Ua kākau mākaukau e pili ana i nā hana āpau i ka waiho ʻana i loko o ka ʻatikala "ʻenehana no ka waiho ʻana i nā papa palahalaha" a me "Nā rula no ka waiho ʻana i nā papa puha i kahi kumu pākī", no laila, ʻaʻole mākou e wehewehe i ke kaʻina ma aneʻi ma ka kikoʻī.
E ʻōlelo wale mākou ua pā ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana i ke kumu i ka wā e hiki mai ana paha e mālama kāu mau papa i kahi papa ʻāina piha i ka hoʻoilo. Ma nā kau hele, e lana mau ka ʻōwili ma waena o ka pahu a me ka waihona, a inā ʻike maikaʻi ʻole ke one, e make wai ana, e huki ana i nā pae āpau o luna me ia. Kūleʻa ʻia, ʻaʻole ke ʻae ʻia i ka wai ma ke ʻano ʻole e hana ʻia nā lua wai ma lalo o ka pā. A i ka hoʻoilo, ke hoʻonui ʻana, e kīlei ka hau i kāu ala. ʻAʻole paʻa ka tile pono, no ka mea ʻaʻole makaʻu i ka wai a i ʻole ka hau, akā e holo ʻia ke ala.
I ʻEulopa, ua kuhi lākou i kahi pehea e haʻalele ai i nā ala polū mai ka kāhi ʻana i kahi ala maʻalahi loa. Ma kahi o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi ʻōpala a me kahi "ʻōpio", lawe lākou i ka ʻāina māla i ʻoi aku ma ke ʻano o ka bayonet o kahi kīloi, hoʻāla i ka ʻaoʻao me ka paʻu paʻa ʻia a kau i ka pahuhopu polystyrene ma luna o ia mea - ka hoʻowalī o ke kūpū piha ʻana i ka makika a no laila ʻaʻole ka ʻala i ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomau ka mālama i ke ʻano. Kahi, e ninini i ka laʻa-cement, kahi i waiho ʻia ai nā kili. Ua piha nā makani i ke one. Ke noi nui nei kēia ʻenehana i Finelani, kahi i hana ai ka ʻāina marshy i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo pālahalaha ʻana i nā hale mokulele, ʻaʻole ia e haʻi aku i ka paila māmā.
ʻO kekahi o nā mea nona ka ʻona a i ke kūpaʻa polimela mai ke kauwela hoʻāla, akā inā i hoʻohiolo pinepine ʻia ka wela, ʻaʻole pilikia kēia pilikia.
Hoʻoholo: nānā nānā + maʻalahi maʻalahi
Ua kapa ʻia ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana he decking, wai lāʻau a i ʻole ka māla māla, e ʻae ana i ke kumu o ke alanui. Aia ka waiho ʻana o nā ʻāpana lahilahi e like me nā papa pā hale, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e 4-5 mau ʻāpana i kahi pahu. Ma waena o nā slats i loaʻa nā āpau no ka hele ʻana o ka wai. Ka laulā o nā ʻāpana mai ka 0.1 a i 0.8 cm, a ke waiho ʻana i kahi ala māla, alakaʻi lākou e ka lepo o ka lepo. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa āu e koho ai no ka decking.
Aia kekahi ʻano holoʻokoʻa o ka papa ʻāina, e like me nā ʻāpana elongated. Akā no nā ala, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia ʻano.
No ka hōʻoia pono i ka hoʻoneʻe maikaʻi o ka umauma a me ka hōʻiliʻili o ka waiwai, hoʻokumu nā mea hana i ka ʻāpana pālua o nā ʻāpana ʻelua: ka ʻaoʻao waho, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka lāʻau, a me ka substrate. ʻO ka substrate kahi pepa polū me nā kuahi perimeter no ka hoʻopili pū ʻana i nā ʻili.
Mahalo i ke kākoʻo plastik, ua mālama nā māla lawaiʻa i nā waiwai o ka hōʻona, hoʻoneʻe i ka wai a laila e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola a hiki i 50 mau makahiki.
Pono ke kau ʻana i ka papa ʻāina i luna ma kahi pālahalaha a mālamalama, kahi e "ʻole ai e loiloi ka lū" a hoʻomau i ka lewa ea ma o ka substrate. ʻO ia ke kumu i hoʻohana ʻole ai ke one ma ke kumu. E hoʻokaʻawale wale ke ahu palapala kipi i loko a paʻa i ka hoʻokō ʻana i kāna mau hana.
ʻO nā lako waihona kumu:
- uloka
- papa;
- he pāpau o ke kala a liʻiliʻi iʻa;
- kāwili hoʻokā.
No nā koho i luna, e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā papa a me nā ʻili ma nā papa ākea, a ninini ʻia ka pāla no nā ala (inā holo nā kaʻa ma ia mau mea) a ua piha ʻia lākou i nā gravel (kahi pae i 5 cm a lawa paha).
Hiki ke hoʻohanohano i ka ʻaoʻao o ke kuʻina me kahi papa skirting a i ʻole nā ʻāpana lau pōpoki.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, hiki i ka polimer ke kiʻi i nā hiʻohiʻonaʻokoʻa loa, ma muli o ka hoʻolahaʻana i nā mea'ē aʻe. No laila, ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā ʻili palila, e wehewehe i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i mea e ʻike ai i ka makahiki e holo ai kou ala.
