Nā mea kanu

ʻO nā ʻano punahele o ke kumulāʻau ʻalemona me kāna mau ʻano

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hua lāʻau melemele a me kona mau klone i nā māla ʻoihana o nā ʻāina āpau o ka honua aia i loko o nā wahi me kahi hoʻohaʻahaʻa a me ke anuanu. A ke ʻike ʻia nei nā hua hoihoi nani a nani i nā hale kūʻai. Kahi a pehea e ulu ai kēia lāʻau lāʻau - e kōkua mākou e kuhi.

ʻOka wehewehe

ʻAi ʻia nā hua āpau o nā hua āpau o Niu Sila i loaʻa, ma 1962. Mai ka wa waena o nā 1970s, ua hoʻokūkū ʻia ma Ukraine, a mai ka 1993 ua hoʻomāhelena ʻia ia i ka papahō. I ka makahiki 2014, ua komo pū ʻo ia i loko o ka mokuā o ka mokuʻāina o Lūkia a kāhea i nā ʻāpana o ka ʻĀkau o Caucasus. ʻO ka hui ʻoihana o nā hua ʻōpala o Gil ma Rusia e hoʻopili ʻia ana i ka Crimea a me ke Kuban. I loko o nā māla home a me nā keʻena kauwela i loaʻa ia i kekahi manawa ma nā wahi hema o ke Middle Strip.

ʻO ka lāʻau i pālahalaha ʻia me ka laulā ākea o ka pāpale lahilahi ākea. Ke neʻe nei nā lālā kuʻekuʻe mai ka ʻū ʻana ma ke kihi o 45-75 °, e hua ana i nā kani kani, nā ʻōpala hua a me nā hopena o nā pua makahiki.

Hoʻokomo ʻo Gala i nā hua ma ka pulupulu, nā hua lāʻau a me ka hopena o nā wana kū makahiki

ʻO ka hōʻilo o ka hoʻoilo ma ka ʻāina. He nui ke ola o ka ʻano o ka palupalu i ka paukōkō, nāwā - i ke scab a me ka zero - i ka maʻi kanesa o ʻEulopa.

Hoʻopau ia i nā manawa waena ma hope (i ka hopena o Mei - ka hoʻomaka o Iune), i ka maikaʻi pollen viability - 73-89%.

ʻO ka pollen viability kona hiki ke kāʻili i ka stigma o kahi pōpoki ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kēia hōʻailona, ​​ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikino o ka mea kanu.

ʻO nā pollinators no kahi ʻano nui ma nā wahi ulu e ʻōhala mai ana i nā hua apu:

  • Katya
  • ʻAlohila
  • James Greve
  • Hoʻomaopopo ʻia
  • ʻUlaʻulaʻula.

Ma nā kumu maloʻo ikaika e hele mai i ka lawe ʻana a 6-7 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. ʻO kā Apple-lālani lāʻau ma luna o kahi kumu lihi e hoʻohua ai i ka hua mua i mua no 3-4 mau makahiki. ʻOiai he ʻōpio nā hua lāʻau (a hiki i ka 10 mau makahiki), e hānai lākou i ka makahiki a me ka maʻalahi. Hiki i kahi lāʻau pākeke ke piʻi i nā makahiki 55-80 ʻehā o ka hua. Ke hoʻoluhi nui ʻia, lilo ka hua a ʻike ʻia.

Kahi hua huinahal o hoʻokahi mau hiʻona, hoʻopuni a puni paha conical me kahi kaula liʻiliʻi i ka pihi. ʻO ka paona awelika o 130 gram, ka lōʻihi - 145 grama. Loaʻa iā lākou ke kala nui o ka melemele a mānoanoa o ka melemele a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōmaʻomaʻo-melemele paha me ka mea i ulana ʻia, ulaula, ʻulaʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula ma luna o ka hapanui o ka ʻōpū. ʻAno ka ʻiʻo, maloʻo, paluwelu, a ʻulaʻula kona māmā. Nani ka momona, momona-ʻono. ʻĀkoho helu - 4.6 mau kuhi.

ʻO nā ʻāpana o ke āpau o Galona ke kala a ka ʻulaʻula a me ka aniani paha o ka melemele a i ʻole ka poni-ʻoni ke kala me kahi kaila, hoʻopōmaʻomaʻo, ʻulaʻula a me nā pua ʻulaʻula ma luna o ka nui o ka ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū.

E hōʻea nā mea noi i ko lākou ulu ʻana ma ka waena o Kepakemapa, a ua mākaukau lākou no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma Nowemapa. Noho ka nohona ma kahi lumi maloʻo a hiki i 60-80 lā. I ke ana o 0-5 ° C, e mālama ʻia lākou no 5-6 mahina. Koho - no ka hoʻohana hou a me ka hoʻōki wai. ʻUlaʻewa ka hola.

Loaʻa kālai:

  • ʻO ka ʻono hoʻāʻo ʻono o nā apu.
  • Kālana puka.
  • ʻOi kiʻekiʻe.
  • Ma ke ʻano hele.
  • Ka pale ʻole e pau ai i ka palaʻai.

Loaʻa nā hemahema o nā ʻano like ʻole:

  • ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo a me ka liʻiliʻi e ulu ana i ka ʻāina.
  • Pāʻaʻi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
  • ʻO ka hemahema o ka pale ʻana i ke kanesa o ka maʻa Europa.
  • ʻO nā hua momona i ka wā o ke kāohi ʻana.

Loaʻa nā ʻano punahele a me nā ʻano ʻano kumulāʻau ʻo Gala

He iwakālua mau papa lāʻau a me ka clones o Galipona, akā, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā kumu kumu nā palapala kikoʻī a me nā ʻano o kēlā me kēia. E noʻonoʻo i kekahi o nā mea maʻamau.

ʻĀpana Mast

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā clones. Loaʻa ia i nā hua nui (160-220 kālama) o kahi kala momona red-ruby. A ʻike pū ʻia nō hoʻi kona hoʻonui ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka pauahi hāleʻa.

Ua loaʻa i nā lāʻau nui o Apple-tree Gala Mast nā hua nui (160-220 kāmela) o ka puhaluhui ʻulaʻula saturated

Nā wikiō: ʻO Kāleka Mast Maki Apple Tree

Gala Royal

He kiʻi aku ka nui o ka ʻulaʻula a me ka nui o ka pua, ʻo ia ka ʻano o ka hua o nā hua ʻehā a me ka nui o ka nui (150 gram). Hāʻawi ʻia ma ka USA a me ʻEulopa.

Loaʻa i nā ʻāpana o ko Royal Royal mau kāʻei ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻulaʻula

Gala Shniga

Hoʻoneʻe kūlia Italia i ka ʻano like o ka Royal Royal. Ripening ma ka hopena o ʻAukake - ka hapa mua o Sepatemaba. Hoʻopiʻi i ka 4-5 mau mahina. Kaumaha Hoʻolaha nui loa i nā lāʻau, nā ʻili a me nā maʻi lāʻau. He palupalu ka Powdery palupalu. Ua hōʻemi ʻia ʻo Crohn. He nani nā hua, maikaʻi loa. ʻEleʻele ke kala me kahi pahu polū a me kahi pua ʻōuli ʻulaʻula hoʻi i luna o ka hapa nui o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. ʻOno loa ka ʻono.

Gala Shniga - kākela o Italia i ka lāʻau laʻa a Gala Royal

Ke kanu ʻana i nā lāʻau lāʻau ʻona

Kūlana aʻe ma ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo:

  1. Ke koho ʻana i kahi noho. Nā ʻano hiʻohiʻona o ka pūnaewele no nā mea ulu lāʻau ʻōpala o Gala:
    • Kahi papa liʻiliʻi o ka ʻaoʻao hema a i ʻole hema.
    • Palekana mai nā makani anuanu mai ke kūkulu ʻākau a i ʻole ʻākau paha i ke ʻano o nā lāʻau koʻikoʻi a i ʻole nā ​​paia o nā hale.
    • ʻO ka kukui a me ka hoʻoweliweli.
    • Nā palapala ʻāina:
      • pH 6.5-7.0.
      • Loose loam, sandam loam a chernozem.
      • Maikaʻi holo.
    • ʻO ka mamao mai nā hale a me nā kumulāʻau kokoke i lalo o ʻekolu mau mika.
  2. Ke koho ʻana i kahi manawa pae. ʻEkolu nā koho:
    • Ma ke kakahiaka. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puna wai i ka wā o ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka ʻāina a hiki i ka 5 5 ° ° C.
    • Paukū Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka wai kahe, akā ʻaʻole i emi mai ma mua o hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hau.
    • Inā kūʻai ʻia nā mea kanu me kahi ʻōnaʻi paʻa paʻa, a laila ʻaʻole pilikia ka manawa kanu. Hiki nō ke hana iā ia mai ʻApelila a ʻOkakopa.
  3. Ke loaʻa ʻana o nā hua. Hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia kēia i ka hāʻule, a ma ka hihia o ke kanu ʻana, ua mālama ʻia nā hua kanu i loko o ka papahele a i ʻeli ʻia i ka lepo.

    Hōʻalo ʻia ka seedling i kahi kūlana

  4. Ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lua ʻāina. Hoʻomakekau ʻia ʻaʻole ma mua o 20-30 mau lā ma mua o ke kanu ʻana. Inā hoʻolālā ka kanu i ka pūnāwai, a laila ua mākaukau ka lua ma ka hāʻule. Penei ke kauoha.
    1. Pono e ʻeli i kahi lua me ka hohonu o 50-70 centimeters a me kahi anawaena o 80-90 kenimika.
    2. Inā lawa ʻole ka lepo, a laila e waiho ma kahi papa o ka ʻūhā a i ʻole nā ​​mea like e like me ke anuanu o 10-15 sentimeter e waiho ʻia ma lalo o ka lua.
    3. E hoʻopiha i ka lua me kahi kāwili o chernozem, pit, humus a me nā one kahawai kaohi ma nā ʻāpana like ʻana. Pono e hoʻohui i 300-500 mau grika o ka superphosphate a me 3-4 lita o ka lehu lāʻau e hoʻohui i kēia hoʻopili.

      Pahu ka iho leʻa me nā mea i hoʻohuihui ʻia i ka pono

  5. He mau hola ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, pono e hoʻoheʻe ʻia nā aʻa o ka hua kanu i ka wai.
  6. Hana ʻia kahi lua o ka puʻu pono nui i loko o ka pūhaka wai a iʻu ʻia kahi puʻu liʻiliʻi ma waenakonu o ia.
  7. Kahi ʻia ka lāʻau lāʻau a mea ʻole hoʻi i ka liʻiliʻi ma ke kikowaena waena. ʻO kona kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka lepo he 90-130 kenimika.
  8. E lawe i ka hua kanu mai loko o ka wai a pīpī i nā aʻa me ka pauma Kornevin (Heteroauxin).
  9. E hoʻohiolo i ka hua kanu i ka lua, e kau ana i ka ua aʻa ma luna o ka kuʻi a hoʻolaha i nā aʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao.
  10. Hoʻopiha lākou i ka lua me ka honua, me ka aniani iā ​​ia. I ka hana ʻana o kēia kaʻina hana, pono ʻoe e hōʻoia e ʻo ka hope loa o ke aʻa i ka pae ʻāina. No ka hanaʻana i kēia, he mea maʻalahi e hoʻohana i kahi pahu lāʻau a i ʻole ka pahu lāʻau.

    Ke hoʻokipa nei i ka wahi o ka ʻāʻī o ka aʻa i ka wā kanu, he mea maʻalahi ia e hoʻohana i kahi papa lāʻau a i ʻole ka ʻaka

  11. Ma hope o kēia, e like me ka mea maʻamau, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi pōkoki kokoke i ka mika o ka lua a kau i ka wai me ka nui o ka wai i kekahi mau manawa. Pono pono pono ka saturated o ka lepo a nalo nā sinuses i loko o ke aʻa aʻa.
  12. Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻōpala o ka mea kanu i kahi māka me ka lipine lole i ʻole e hoʻouna ʻia ai.
  13. Hoʻokiʻoki ʻia ka mea lawe kumu kikowaena ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 80-100 kenimika mai ka lepo, ua kālai ʻia nā lālā ma ka 30-50%.
  14. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, hamama ka lepo a hamū ʻia me kahi kaona o 10-15 centimeter. No ka hana i kēia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka mauʻu, ka mauʻu, ka humus, ka lua, nā konane ʻōpala, etc.

    Ma hope o ka hoʻouluʻana, e hamama ka lepo a hamched me kahi mana o 10-15 centimeter

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka māla a me nā subtleties o ka mālama

ʻAʻole ʻike nā lula no ka ulu ʻana i ke kumulāʻau ʻĀlea a me kona mālama ʻana i nā ʻokoʻa a me nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. E hōʻike pōkole mākou i nā kumu nui.

Hoʻohuʻu a me ka hānai

ʻAʻole ʻike nā kumu i nā ʻike e pili ana i ka maloʻo o ka hoʻohulihue o ka ʻano like. No laila, e noʻonoʻo mākou ʻo ka pono no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i kēia kumulāʻau ʻōpala. E like me ka maʻamau, koi ka lāʻau i ka nui o ka wai i nā makahiki mua o ke ola, ʻoiai ke ʻano ka ulu o ka aʻa. I kēia manawa, pono ka lāʻau i ʻewalu a ʻumi mau wai i kēlā me kēia. Me ka makahiki, e like me ke kānāwai, ua hoʻoneʻe ka hemahema a pono hoʻi i nā kūlana o ka wā e pono ai lākou e hoʻonui i ka manawa ulu. He mea nui ia e hoʻomoʻa i ka lepo i ka pūnāwai a i ka hapalua mua o ke kauwela. 2-3 mau pule ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, hoʻōki ka hoʻoku wai ʻana. Pono ke kulu i ka hoʻoilo wai-pre-hoʻoilo i mua o ka hoʻoilo. E wehe i ka lepo i loko o nā poloka kokoke i ka lāʻau e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka moʻo kūpono a pale i ka ulu lāʻau.

Hāʻawi ka noi pālapa maʻamau i nā hua kūpono a loaʻa ka hua momona kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻohālikelike i ka lāʻau paila 3-4 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, ke hoʻomaka ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i nā mea kanu i ka lua kanu.

Papa pākaukau

ʻO ka wāʻimiNā KelepilaPaʻa noiKūʻai a me ka helu ʻana
HuluʻOhi, humusMa lalo o ka eli ʻanaI kēlā me kēia ʻekolu a he ʻehā makahiki, 5-10 kg / m2
SuperphosphateʻO ka makahiki, 30-40 g / m2
KāpalaUrea a i ʻole ammonium nitrate
IunePākuʻi monophosphateI ka palapala wai, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai no ka hoʻohuiʻO ka makahiki, 10-20 g / m2
Iune - IulaiHoʻohui kaʻili kūlohelohe. Ua mākaukau lākou ma ka hoʻokūkū ʻana i ka wai o ka mullein (2: 10), ʻōpena manu (1: 10) a i ʻole mauʻu hou (1: 2) no nā lā 7-10.ʻOikahi, 1 l / m2ʻO 3-4 kaʻai me kahi anawa o 1-2 pule
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā mea kanu minima e like me nā ʻōlelo a ka mea hana hana i hoʻopili ʻia

ʻO nā lau a me nā hana ʻai

E like me kēlā me kēia kumulāʻau, pono ʻia e hāʻawi i kahi kumulāʻau me ke ʻano āpau i loko o nā makahiki mua o ke ola. No kēia ʻano, ua ʻōlelo ʻia kahi hoʻolālā kīʻaha, e hāʻawi ana i ka hoʻoulu maikaʻi ʻana o ka lōlō o ka lihi o ka lei, kona hoʻomālamalama ʻana e ka lā, ke ʻoluʻolu o ka hōʻiliʻili a me ka mālama.

No ka lāʻau āpana o Gala, ua ʻōlelo ʻia kahi hoʻokumu lei kapu e like me ke kīʻaha kapu

No ka hōʻoia i nā hua paʻa, pono ia e hoʻokiʻoki i ka lei i kēlā me kēia makahiki e ka wehe ʻana i nā wana i pono ʻole e hoʻonui ʻia iā ia. Inā ʻaʻole hana ʻia kēia, e mae nā hua. A ʻoiai hoʻi, e like me ka mea maʻamau, e mālama ʻia nā mea maʻemaʻe āpau i nā hāʻule āpau, i ka wā e pau ai nā lālā maloʻo, maʻi a me nā ʻōpala.

ʻO ka uluʻana o ka ʻano like ʻole e kau ka luna i ka mea pono e koi i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā pua a me nā ovaries. A hiki nō hoʻi ke hana ma kēia e nā manawaleʻa hou o nā lālā hua.

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili a me ka mālama

Ke hoʻokuʻi wale kekahi mau kānāwai maʻalahi e mālama ka mea hānai e mālama i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā hua ʻala maikaʻi ʻo Galime no ka manawa lōʻihi me ka haki ʻole o ka ʻono.

  • Pono ʻoe e ʻike inā ʻemo nā ʻōpala i ka wā hōʻiliʻili a i ʻole e mālama ai, a laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopakele. No laila, hōʻiliʻili ʻia lākou i ke anuanu.
  • ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻokaʻawale koke iā lākou me ka haʻalele ʻana i ka hua a palapona a me nā hua. Hiki ke hoʻihoʻi koke iā lākou i ka wai.
  • Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua maikaʻi i loko o nā pahu pepa a i ʻole nā ​​pahu ventilated lāʻau. ʻO nā mākela i hoʻopili ʻia i hoʻokahi papena e lōʻihi. Hoʻopili ʻia nā hua i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopau ʻia ma mua o nā ʻāpana 3-4.
  • No ka mālama, pono ʻole nā ​​halihali me ka mahana o ka ea mai 0 a +5 ° C a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻomehana. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka hua kō ma ke keʻena like me nā aʻa aʻa a me nā kāpeti.
  • Ke hoʻomoe nei, pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā mea hīmeni 4-5 mau kenimika ma waena o nā drawers e hōʻoia i ka hoʻoili ʻana.

ʻO nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki o ka lāʻau lāʻau

ʻO nā pilikia like ʻole e hoʻonāukiuki i ka māla inā mālama ʻo ia i nā hana pale.

Palapala papaʻa: pale aku i nā lāʻau no nā maʻi a me nā pōpō o nā kumulāʻau lāʻau

TermKuhi o ka hanaNā ala o nā hanaLoaʻa ka hopena
ʻOkakopaHoʻomā lākou i nā lau hāʻule i loko o nā ahu, a hoʻopau pū iā lākou me nā lālā i lawe ʻia i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana. Mālama ʻia ka lehu hualoa e like me ka pauna.ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā pōkole o nā maʻi fungal, a me nā pōpoki hoʻoilo
ʻO ka nānā a me ka mālama ʻana no ka ʻiliInā loaʻa i nā ulia a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻino, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe a ʻoki ʻia i ka lāʻau olakino, a laila e mālama ʻia me ka hopena o 2% o ka keleawe keleawe a uhi ʻia me kahi papapa o ka māla kūleʻa.ʻO ka pale ʻana o ka maʻi palu o ʻEulopa (maʻamau) i nā lāʻau āpau a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o ka hua lāʻau
ʻOlowelaHoʻomau ʻia kahi hopena o nā līpī lace ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 1% keleawe keleawe a me ka hoʻopā PVA i ia. Me kēia hoʻonā, ua keʻokeʻo nā ʻōpala a me nā lālā mānoanoa o ka lāʻau paapelu.Kālā Sunburn, Frost Frost
NowemapaʻHai i nā ʻāpana poloka me nā lehelehe o ka ʻāpana o ka honua. Lawe ʻia ia e like me ka lā ma mua o ka hiki ʻana o ka hau. A laila, ma muli o ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoilo ʻia nā pōpilikia i ka lepo ma ka honua, kahi e make ai lākou mai ka lā anuanu.
Oka PoakolaHōʻea hoʻomaluLawe ʻia lākou ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke ku ʻana, me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā DNOC (hoʻokahi mau makahiki ʻekolu) a me Nitrafen (i nā makahiki ʻē aʻe)Kāleka Pest a me nā maʻi
Hoʻohui ʻana i nā noho haoKe kiʻi nei i nā kāʻei hao, i hana ʻia mai nā kumulāʻau improvised, ma nā ʻāpana o nā lāʻau āpau, hana i nā mea e kakano ai nā pōpoki o nā pōpoki (nā kime, nā kolo, nā kolo) ma ka lei lāʻau.
Ma mua o ka pua, ma hope o ka pua a me 10 mau lā ma hope o ka pua ʻanaʻO ka pīpī ʻana me nā kuʻi manu (nā mea lapaʻau e hakakā i nā maʻi maʻi) e like me Horus, Skor, Strobi, etc.Ke pale aku i nā maʻi ʻoi, me ka scab, pauke pala, ʻāmaʻomaʻo (maʻamau) maʻi o nā lāʻau ʻapeka, etc.
ʻO ka pīpī ʻana me ka iniseti (nā pūpū hoʻomalu hānai) e like me Decis, Fufanon, Spark, etc.Kāohi ʻana i nā pōpilikia, ʻo ka bee-eater, ʻohe, nā aphids, etc.

Kuhihewa

ʻO ka maʻi lōʻihi mau ka mea maʻamau a me ka mea maʻamau. Hoʻopiki ka pathogen i ka hoʻoilo ma nā lau a me nā hua. I ka pūnāwai, i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻōpio'ōpiopio, pili ka makani me ka lewa ma luna o ka lei, a hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia i ke aniani ʻōwili o ke ʻano, e pili ana i ka lalo o nā lau. Inā lawa ka haʻahaʻa, a i ka mahana o ka ea ma waena o 18-20 ° C, a laila ulu nā hua pua i ka ʻaoʻao o waho o nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio a me nā lau. Hiki ke maʻalahi i ka ʻike ma o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana o ke kukui ʻulaʻula māmā ma luna o lākou. Ma ka manawa, e ulu nā wahi, huli i ke aniani, ʻāʻaka. I ke kauwela, hoʻolaha ka maʻi i nā huaʻai, i uhi ʻia i nā pulu ʻulaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, nā alapine. Loaʻa ka mālama ʻana i ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao i pili i ka mea kanu a me ka mālama ʻana me nā fungicides. ʻO ka hopena wikiwiki loa e hāʻawi ʻia i ka lāʻau hōʻeha ʻo Strobi, kahi paʻa i ka papa a hoʻolaha i ka maʻi maʻi.

Uhiʻi i nā hua i hoʻopā ʻia e ka poli a me nā palahaluli keʻokeʻo, nā poho

Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo ʻAukela (maʻamau) ʻĀmaʻomaʻo

Loaʻa pinepine i nā ʻaoʻao hema a me Crimea, ka ʻeha a me nā maʻi lāʻau i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka fungus marsupial Nectria galligena Bres. Hele mai iā mākou mai ʻEulopa, nāna e hoʻoholo i kona inoa. Komo ke komo kumu i loko o ka mea kanu ma o nā ʻeha paʻa, nā kohu, a me nā lua honu. Kūkulu, hoʻomālamalama i ka ʻike ma nā kahi o nā hōʻeha hāmama hohonu. Aia ma nā kihi, ne kākaha ʻia nā kahe nui o ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo callus. Ma nā lālā lahilahi ʻoi aku, kokoke kaomi, e waiho ana i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi - ma kēia hihia, hoʻomake ke ahulau i kahi kūlana paʻa. I ka hoʻoilo, ua luku ʻia ke callus e ka hau, no ka mea ʻaʻole nui ka hōʻeha a me ka hoʻonui, e pili ana i nā wahi ākea. Hoʻopuka ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā hōʻeha i ka lāʻau olakino, disinfection me kahi 2% hopena o ka keleawe keleawe a kau aku i kahi palekana o ke kohi varicose

Hoʻokūpaʻi ʻia ke kanulau i nā hōʻeha hohonu i luna o nā wahiwi

Wahi a Apple Paces

ʻAʻole ʻike nā kumu i nā ʻike e pili ana i ka hiki ke hoʻohuli i ka ʻano o nā pōpilikia, no laila, e manaʻo mākou aia i kekahi mau manawa a hiki iā lākou ke lele mai. Hāʻawi pōkole i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā luna nui.

  • Apple papa. He kiko kinipōpō lolipōpō pōkole kala māmā. E waiho nei i nā hua ma nā pou o luna o ka lei. Kūleʻa ʻia nā lāʻau ʻoi mai loko mai o nā hua i loko o nā ovaries a me nā hua kīnā ʻole, kahi e hānai ai lākou i nā hua kanu.Hiki i kekahi ʻōlima ke luku aku a ʻehā mau hua. E hakakā ka hakakā ma ke ʻano o ka lele ʻana o nā pōpoki ma o ka hana ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi.

    ʻO ka pōpō ʻehā kikokaʻo Apple polū ʻōpuni polū o ka ʻulaʻula kukui.

  • Gall aphid. ʻO kahi pepeke liʻiliʻi e noho ana ma ka lalo o nā lau a hānai i kā lākou wai. Ke hopena, loaʻa nā lau, nā ʻula ʻulaʻula i waho. ʻAi ʻia ka ʻūmū ma ka lei i ka wā e hānai ai i kāna mea huna (meli wai). Hoʻemi ʻia ka hakakā i ka hōʻiliʻili uila o nā lau a me nā ʻōpala, a ukali ʻia e ka maʻi pepeke manuahi (Spark, Fufanon, Decis).

    ʻO Gall aphid - kahi manu liʻiliʻi e noho ana ma ka lalo o nā lau a hānai i kā lākou wai wai

  • ʻO Apple Blossom. Kahi - a ʻekolu kūwelika ka nui - ka weevil beetle hoʻoilo i nā ʻāpana o luna o ka lepo. I ka pūnāwai, ke hoʻomaka ka lepo e hoʻomoʻi i luna, ua ala aʻe i ka ʻā a kū i ka lei. Ma laila, ʻokiʻoki ʻo nā wahine i kahi hua manu hoʻokahi. Hoʻopau iki nā maka ma waho o nā hua a ʻai i ka pua (mai) i loko. No laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke nalowale i ka hua holoʻokoʻa inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e lawe i nā mea pale a mālama pono.

    Hoʻopau ka lei o ka pua ma nā papa luna o ka lepo

Nā Hōʻike Kūʻai

I kēia lā, ua ʻohi lākou iā Gala, ka lāʻau no ka makahiki ʻeono, 8 mau pōpoki, cf. mass 150 g. Ka ʻehā maloʻo maloʻo, ʻono ʻeke ma ATB, a ke kālepa nei lākou i ka mākeke me ka ikaika a me ke kumu. E ʻai mākou iā mākou iho.

viha28, Zaporizhzhya wahi, Ukraine//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=10588

ʻO ka makahiki i hala mua kahi hua mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o Gala Mast. Ma mua o kēlā mea, ua kūʻai au iā ia ma ka mākeke, ua kapa ʻia ia ʻo Gala, akā, ʻaʻole ia he kumu o nā paʻi. ʻO ka ʻiʻo maloʻo ʻākala paʻakikī, makemake wau i nā hua ʻōpala e like me ia. ʻO ka nui o ka hua i liʻiliʻi. I hoʻokahi mahina i hala aku nei, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Gal Shnig. ʻO ka mea, i ka wā o ka ua nui, he ʻike maoli ʻole ia i ka ʻili o ka huelo.

StirlitZ, Kiev//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=10588

ʻAʻole ʻiʻo wau i ka pīpī no nā hale kūʻai i hoʻokomo ʻia a ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea maʻamau ke kūʻai aku i ka mea e kūpono i koʻu manaʻo. He mea nui iaʻu no ka paʻakikī nui ka huaʻala, akā momona, a me ka mea nui loa - ʻaʻole momona loa. ʻO kēlā mau hiʻohiʻona e loaʻa i nā hua āpau mai ʻAmelika hōʻailona Royal Gala 4173.

MarEvo512//otzovik.com/review_4920002.html

I kēia lā kūʻai aku i nā hua āpau Royal Gala i loko o ka hale kūʻai kūʻai. Makemake nui mākou i kēia hua āpau. He ono momona a lākou a momona. ʻAno kā lāua huakini ma ka ʻono, ʻono. He aniani lākou i ka waihoʻoluʻu me nā kiʻi pink. ʻO nā kākela ma waena he nui. ʻO ke kaumaha o hoʻokahi hua e hiki ke hele a hiki i hoʻokahi haneli a me kanahā grama. Hoʻohālikelike nā lau o nā hua. Mahalo maoli mākou i kēia ʻano ʻokoʻa no kona ʻono a me ka momona ʻono. He ʻono nui nā hua

Florias Ukraine, Zaporozhye//otzovik.com/review_5917332.html

Loaʻa ka ʻōpala āpau-āpau i ka hōʻiliʻili nui ma ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana e aloha i ka ʻōpū ʻōpala hana hana a me nā ʻano waiwai o nā hua. Ma waena o nā māla mahiʻai ma Lūkini, ʻaʻole ia i ka noi nui ma muli o ka palena liʻiliʻi ulu wale nō ma nā ʻāina hema.