ʻO ka wikiwiki a me ka pālahalaha ʻanoʻano like me ka lauleʻa o Lyubskaya i ʻike ʻia e nā mālaola i kahi manawa lōʻihi a ʻike kaulana. ʻOiai ka ʻono o nā ʻono o nā hua ʻulaʻula a me ka maʻalahi o kekahi mau maʻi, hiki ke loaʻa i kēia moʻomeheu hua lāʻau ma kahi kokoke i kekahi wahi māla, no ka mea he nui nā pono o Lyubskaya.
He moʻolelo pōkole a me ka wehewehe ʻana iā Lyubskaya Cherries
Nui nā mea kanu o ka Lyubskaya i nā pā pilikino a i loko o nā ʻohiʻā i ke ʻano o ke kenekulia 19. ʻO ka haʻi kau mua e pili ana i nā lā i hala i 1892. I kona huakaʻi i ka moku ʻo Korochansky o ka mokuʻo Kursk, ua ʻike ka mea ʻepekema ʻoihana ʻo Kichunov Nikolai Ivanovich, e nānā ana i nā māla Korochansky i kaulana i kēlā manawa, me ka cherub Lyubskaya.
I ka makahiki 1947, ua papa inoa ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole i ka papa inoa o nā moʻokōlapa o ka Russian Federation. Hiki ke ulu i Lyubskaya ma nā Komohana North, Central, Central Black Earth, North Caucasus, Middle Volga a me Lower Volga ʻāina.
Hāpai kēia lāʻau koʻikoʻi i ka 2-2.5 m kiʻekiʻe wale, ʻo ia kekahi o nā pono: ʻo ia ke kūpono i ka hōʻiliʻili. ʻO ka lei o Crohn - kahi ākea nui e pili ana i ke kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻoulu nā lālā mai ke kākala ma kahi kihi e pili ana i 45 °. ʻOki ʻia.
Kūleʻa nā limahana o ka Lyubskaya ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 2-2,5 m
Ua wikiwiki loa ʻo Lyubskaya Cherry: hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka hōʻiliʻili mua ma nā makahiki 2-3. Ma ka makahiki ʻalima, ua hiki i ka 5-6 kg, ma kahi ʻelemakule keu aʻe, hiki ʻoe ke piʻi i 25 kg. I kekahi mau manawa, ua hōʻike kahi hua o ka piʻi a hiki i 50 kg. ʻO 15-20 mau makahiki o ka wā hua.
Hoʻopau maikaʻi ka huaʻala - ma ka hopena o Iulai a hiki i ʻAukake, akā i ka hui pū ʻana. Ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana, hiki iā lākou ke kau ma luna o ka lāʻau no nā hebedoma 2-3 me ka ʻole o ka nalo ʻana i ka maikaʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, e ninini ana i ka wai hou a hoʻonui i ka ʻike kō. ʻO ka nui o nā hua, he medium - 4-5 g, ʻeleʻele ke waihoʻoluʻu, ʻoluʻolu ke ʻili, ʻili, ʻili, akā ikaika. Ua liʻiliʻi ka iwi, ke kaupaona nei ʻo 6-8% e ka paona o nā huaʻa, e hoʻokaʻawale maʻalahi. Ka momona ka momona, a me nā momona a me nā momona i nā cherries e ulu kokoke ana i ka hema.
Berry o nā ʻano Lyubskaya - ʻulaʻulaʻeleʻele, me ka ʻulaʻula maʻalahi
Hoʻopau maikaʻi kēia ʻano pilikino pilikino me ka hua ʻole o nā pollinators. Akā ʻoi ka nui o nā ovaries, a no laila e loaʻa ana ka hua, inā nui ka ulu inā ulu nā cherries o kēia mau ʻano kokoke:
- Anadolskaya
- Kharitonovskaya
- Mikoulina Houlou,
- Shpanka ma mua
- Vladimirskaya
- Zhukovskaya.
Nā pono a me nā hemahema o nā ʻano ʻāpana
Loaʻa i nā pono o nā ʻano (koe wale no ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia).
- pono ole ole
- kamua;
- ʻūleʻa aloha;
- ka halihali ʻana o nā huaila;
- ka hoʻokaʻawale maʻalahi o ka iwi a me kona liʻiliʻi;
- hōʻoluʻolu o ka hōʻiliʻili - ua kūpono nā ʻano o nā māla ʻoihana;
- ka hiki o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā paka i nā kula.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hemahema:
- ʻono ʻono, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻai hou;
- hikiwili ka moniliosis a me ka coccomycosis.
Ke kanu Lubsky
ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka kanu ʻana i kahi hua kanu Lyubskaya.
Noho wā
Hiki ke kanu i ka hua i ka wā o ka ʻohi a i ka puna paha:
- ʻO ke kanu puna kahi koho maikaʻi loa, no ka mea e ola maikaʻi ka mea kanu a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka manu ʻole. Pono pono ka kanu ʻana ma mua o ka hāwī ʻana o nā pua;
- He hiki nō ke kanu ʻana, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke pale aku, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe hōʻoiaʻiʻo e hoʻokuʻu ʻole ka hua huakaʻi. Inā nō kekahi kumu e pono ai e hoʻolilo iā ia i ka hāʻule, ʻo ia ka hopena o ʻOkakopa - ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Nowemapa.
Koho a me ka mālama ʻana i nā pua
A kūʻai maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻili hipa (ʻōpala) i ka hāʻule, ʻoiai inā hoʻolālā ʻia ke kanu no ka pūnāwai. I kēia hihia, ma ka manawa o ke kanu ʻana, ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻoe e loaʻa i nā mea kanu loea kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai i ka pūnāwai, ma mua o ka hāwī ʻana o nā pua, ʻaʻole hiki ke maʻamau ke kūʻai i ka hua kūpono.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai aku i nā hua cherry i ka hāʻule, a kanu i ka pūnāwai
Pono hoʻokahi makahiki a ʻoi paha ka nui o nā makahiki ʻelua. ^ E Ha yM. E lilo nā pākeke kahiko i ka maikaʻi a ulu maikaʻi ʻole, mai manaʻo ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi. ʻO ka huehue i hoʻokahi makahiki he ʻelele ka nui o 70-80 cm, he ʻelua makahiki ka makahiki - 100-110 cm. Pono ke ʻekeʻeleʻele i ʻāpana ka huina me nā kuhi ʻole i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua wehewehe maikaʻi ka ʻōnaehana kumu.
Inā kūʻai ʻoe i kahi hua kanu i ka hāʻule, e kanu ʻoe iā ia i ka pūnāwai, a laila, i mea e hoʻopakele ai, pono ʻoe:
- E kāwili i kahi kuʻekuʻe me kahi laulā a hohonu hoʻi o 30-40 cm a me ka lōʻihi o kahi mita.
- E kau i ka hua o ke pua ma luna o ka ʻōpala a ʻo luna o kona lei aliʻi ma luna o ka ʻāina.
Ke kau nei i kahi hua liʻiliʻi i loko o ka ʻōpala, pono e kau ʻia kona lei ma luna o ka ʻāina
- E uhi i nā aʻa a me ke ʻōpala me ka honua, a e uhi maikaʻi i ka lei i ka manu a me nā rodents.
No laila, e mālama maikaʻi ʻia ka hua a hiki i ke kanu ʻana.
Noho hoʻomākaukau ʻana ka lua
Makemake ʻo Lyubskaya Cherry i ka māmā, ka wai ʻohi. Ulu maikaʻi ʻo ia ma nā puka liʻiliʻi (8-10 °), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a i ke komohana. ʻIa maikaʻi ʻo ia ma ke kaʻe ʻākau ma mua o ka hema. Pono e hōʻiliʻili pono ʻia kahi wahi, me ka inu ʻole ʻana o ka wai. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā ʻāina liʻiliʻi, nā kahawai. I nā kanu kumulā, ʻo ka mamao ma waena o nā lālani he 3 m, ma waena o nā kumu i kahi laina - 2.5-3 m.
Ua mākaukau maikaʻi ka papa ʻāina i ka hāʻule. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono ʻoe:
- E kāʻei i nā lua me kahi hohonu o 40-60 cm a me ka laulā (60cm) o 60-70 cm.
- E ninini i ka lalo momona nui i loko o ka lua, e hoʻohui iā ia i 10 kg o ka humus, kahi lita o ka lehu, 150-200 g o ka superphosphate a hui pū ʻana.
Humus - kahi mea kanu organik e hoʻonui ai i ka lepo me nā mea āpau e pono ai
Ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻehā i nā kuʻekuʻe
ʻO ke kaʻina hana pae ʻāina he nui o nā alapine:
- Hoʻokumu ʻia ka puʻu i loko o ka lua.
- Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hua liʻiliʻi ma luna ona, e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā aʻa a uhi ʻia me nā koena o ka honua. Pono ka ʻōpala aʻa ma kahi mamao o 5 cm ma luna o ka lepo.
Ke kanu nei i kahi hua kanu cherry, e hoʻoponopono i nā aʻa, ʻo ka ʻāʻī kumu pono e 3-5 cm ma luna o ka lepo
- Kahi ʻia kahi paʻa ma kahi e pili ʻia ai ka mea kanu.
- Ua ʻōwahi ʻia ka honua, i ninini ʻia me nā ʻekolu wai.
- Hoʻopiʻi ʻia ka pōkā i nā pahu a me nā mānoanoa 3-4 cm.
- Hoʻopili ʻia nā lālā āpau e ka hapakolu, me ke komo pū ʻana o ka ʻenehana waena.
ʻO ke kaʻina no ka kanu ʻana i nā hua cherry e like me nā hua lāʻau ʻē aʻe
ʻO ka mālama Cherry
ʻO ka mālama ʻana iā Lyubka (e like ʻo Lyubskaya i kapa ʻia ʻia) ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia nui ʻia, e wehewehe ana i kona ʻano kaulana. I ka makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, ʻaʻohe pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa: ua lawa ka nui o nā mea kanu i ka wā kanu. Noho mau ia i nā wai 3-4 mau manawa wale nō.
Hoʻomoʻa i ka wai
Hoʻomaka nā lā:
- ma mua o ka pua;
- i ka wā o ka hana o ovaries;
- koke koke o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana.
- i ka hopena o ka hopena e hiki ai ke "recharge" me ka wai no ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO ka pālāwīwīwī he 20-30 lita pākahi like pālahalaha o ka paʻu pahu. Ma hope o ka inu ʻana, pono ʻoe e wehe i ka ʻāina a me ka mulch i ke kanu.
ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohāinu ʻia i ka wā o ka wā o ka hua o ka hua, inā paha e haki.
ʻOi aku ka lole
E koi ʻia ka lole kiʻekiʻe e hoʻomaka ai mai ka makahiki ʻelua. I ka pūnāwai i ka hoʻomaka o ʻApelila, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea kūlohelohe (10 kg o humus a 1 mau lita o ka ʻalopō manu i hoʻopau ʻia ma 10 lita wai. Inā ʻaʻohe mea kūlohelohe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i 30 g o ka ammonium nitrate, ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana ma 10 l o ka wai. ʻO ka lole ʻo Foliar ma luna me kahi hopena 0.2% urea he maikaʻi.
Inā he waikole ka ʻāina loea, pono ke hoʻohui ʻia i ka palaoa lime i ka ammonium nitrate ma kahi pālahalaha o 1: 1
No ka lua o kēia manawa, pono e hānai ʻia nā cherries ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana. I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole kōkua nā minamina nitrogen. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi me ka hoʻomōhulu ʻia me ka lehu o infusion (1 lita no 10 lita o ka wai) a i ʻole he hopena o 2 mau paona o ka pālea klorida a me 3 punetēpapa o superphosphate ma 10 lita wai. Ma muli o ka makemake nui o ka superphosphate e hoʻohemo i ka wai anuanu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mua o ke kāwili ʻana me kahi wahi wai liʻiliʻi a hoʻohui wale iā ia i ka hopena ākea.
Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ka ʻokiʻoki ʻana
Pono e hoʻonoho ʻia ka lei e ulu ai ka lāʻau i ka laulā (ʻoi loa ia i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka hōʻiliʻili), a me ke koena ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 35-45 cm. Pono e waiho nā lālā o ke kuahiwi ma ka nui o 7-10 mau ʻāpana ma kahi lōʻihi o 10-15 cm, nā lālā lōʻihi ma mua o ka hapalua mika - ʻoki ʻia i ka lālā ʻaoʻao.
Hana ʻia ke kanu ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka pūnāwai - ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kahe o ka sap - a i ʻOkakopa. ʻO ka mua, ua ʻoki ʻia nā lālā maloʻo a maʻi ʻole. A laila e ʻoki ʻia ka lei, e wehe ana i nā lālā e ulu ana i loko. A i kekahi ʻokiʻoki i ʻoki ʻia i nā wana. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻoki a ulu i ka ulu makahiki, ʻoiai nā ovaries ma luna o lākou.
Nā pōʻai: pehea e hakakā ai
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia he nui nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki o kēia ʻano. E noʻonoʻo i nā ana o ka kāohi a me ka pale.
Elephil Kekahi (Weevil)
ʻO kēia pīpī he raspberry gula i lawe ʻia ka nui 5-10 mm ma ka nui. ʻO nā malo maloʻo i ka papakū o luna, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wela e piʻi ma luna o ka ʻili. Mālama i nā ʻōpala, nā lau ʻōpio, nā pua, nā pua, ovaries. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe kaua kaua, hiki iā ia ke luku i ka papa holoʻokoʻa.
Hiki i ka weevil Cherry ke luku aku i ka hua kanu cherry
ʻO kahi hana pale maikaʻi ʻo ka lūlū o ka ʻohi lūlū o nā lāʻau kahi i ka hohonu o ka 10-15 cm a (a i ʻole) kahi eli mua o ka eli ʻana. He mea maikaʻi nō ka hoʻopili pono i ka pale makele pololeka me ka hoʻopau mua ʻana o ka pā kahiko.
I ka wā mua, i ka wā wela o ka ea ma ke kakahiaka ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i ka 5-10 ° C, hiki nō ʻoe ke lūlū i nā pīpī i luna o ka uhi uhi ʻia a kīwī paha. I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā pesticides (no ka laʻana, i nā metaphos), me ka huli ʻana i nā ʻōlelo a ka mea hana hana.
Ka Waihona ʻOka Sawala
ʻO ka pūpū pōʻino pōpoki liʻiliʻi ua hoʻomālahalaha ʻia i ka zina non-chernozem.
Kahihele nui ʻōpiopio ma lalo o kahi papa manamana (2-3 cm) o ka ʻāina, pupate i Iune. He pōkole ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi (5-6 mm) me nā ʻēheu eha e lele i waho o kahi honu wai i Iulai. Hoʻokomo ka wahine i nā hua ma lalo o ka lau o ka lau, kahi o nā lālani e puka ma hope o 1-2 mau pule. ʻAi lākou i ka pulihulu ʻula o nā lau, waiho i ka pala. E hoʻohuli ke kua, a maloʻo a maloʻo. Me ka lesi koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hoʻonāwaliwali nui ka lāʻau.
ʻO ka larva o ka sawfly ceri ua weliweli i ka pulp o ka lau o ka lau, e waiho ana i nā veins
I ka malama o Sepatemaba, waiho ka ʻōpala i ka hoʻoilo.
Ka ʻoka a wehe ʻana i ka topsoil, e like me ka lālani pua a cheril, e hōʻemi nui ʻia i ka helu o nā pōpoki.
I ka wā o ka uluʻana o ka larvae, ua mālama ʻia nā mea kanu me kekahi o kēia ʻano:
- infusion o ka tapaa a i ʻole shag;
- infusion o kahi lāʻauʻala;
- ʻO 0.7% hoʻonā ʻai o ka lehu soda;
- 10-30% hoʻonā malathion.
ʻO nā maʻi ʻo Lyubskaya Cherry
Hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia nā cherub Lyubskaya e ka moniliosis a me ka coccomycosis. I nā kūlana holomua, alakaʻi kēia i ka make o nā lau, nā pua, ka lāʻau.
ʻO ka moniliosis Cherry, a i ʻole nā hina hina, i nā mea ākea i nā wahi mahana
ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka manawa kūpono e ʻae ʻia e hōʻoluʻolu i nā maʻi. ʻO kēia ka hihia iʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka pale ʻana ma mua o ka mālama ʻana. No nā kumu pale, ka laula (ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana) a me ka pūnāwai (ma mua o ka hāwī ʻana o nā lau) e hoʻokaʻa ʻia me ka wai o Bordeaux.
Inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi, mālama koke ʻia nā lāʻau me nā fungicides (kahi ala e pale ai i nā maʻi maʻi). I kēia manawa he nui nā mākaukau e hoʻoponopono ai i nā hana ʻōnaehana.
Hoʻokumu i ka hana ʻōnaehana pono, i ka lāʻau, e hele ana ma luna o ka mea kanu, ua hoʻohuli ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe mai loko.
Ma hope o nā hola he 2, ʻaʻole hiki i ka ua ke holoi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, hana ia no 2-3 pule. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻino ʻole ʻia i nā kānaka, e mālama ʻia kekahi i nā lā 5-7 ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana (Quadris, Horus, etc.).
Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lau a me nā lālā e hoʻopilikia ʻia mai ka pūnaewele a paʻa paha.
He aha mākou e hana ai i ka hua
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā hua Lyubka no ka hoʻoili ʻana. Ma ke ʻano e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai ka iwi, a me ka puliki o ka mea paʻa i ka ʻohi a ʻaʻole e kahe mai loko o ka wai, ʻomaikaʻi kēia cherry.
- pehu;
- cherry i loko o kona wai ponoʻī;
- hua kukui
- jam, hora;
- nā kīʻaha, wai;
- pīpī no nā dumplings, nā pōpō, nā pāpili.
He mea kaulana loa ka culinary a me ka waina cherry. Ma nā ʻāina hema, aia kahi nui o ka lā, ulu nā hua i ka ʻoluʻolu a hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia hou.
ʻO ka loiloi o ka cherub Lyubskaya
ʻO ke kauwela ma mua o nā mea i hala aku nei, ua kūʻai au i ka hua kanu cherry me kahi aʻa paʻa, Lyubskaya ʻano like. Ua kanu, i ka pūnāwai ʻaʻole wau i makemake i kona wahi e noho ai, ua hele akula au ma kahi ʻano o kahi ʻāina i kahi hou. Ua pua nā pua nani e like me ka pupule, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā lālani, hauʻoli hoʻi ka hōʻiliʻili. ʻO kēia makahiki ka kiʻi like. Kahi lāʻau iʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi mika, akā ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili, aia nō, e ʻoluʻolu kēia makahiki. :) ʻO kahi huhū i ka makahiki i hala aku nei ka nui o nā huaʻai, e ʻike i nā mea e hana nei i kēia.
Lenka//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?t=1752
Ke hōʻuluʻulu nei, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia he nui mau pono o nā pōmaikaʻi o Lyubskaya ma mua o nā hemahema. Loaʻa ka kanu a me ka ulu ʻana a hiki i ka poʻe hoʻomaka a me nā poʻe luhi. Ma ke kanu ʻana i kekahi mau kumulāʻau e like me kāu pūnaewele, ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i kou ʻohana i nā hōʻola maikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi no ka hoʻoilo me ka nui o ka hana.
