ʻO Yaroslavna - nā ʻano punahele ʻoi loa

ʻO Yaroslavna kahi huaʻai cherry kaulana kaulana i nā wahi hema o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Rusia a me Ukraine. Ma mua o nā kanu kanu ʻana i ka cherries, pono ka ʻike o ka mea mālama iā ke ʻano o nā ʻano o ka ʻano, me kona ikaika a me nā nāwaliwali, me ka huki a me nā mea kanu.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā ʻano lau cherries Yaroslavna

Ua koho ʻia ka lau cherry Yaroslavna mai nā huaʻoniʻo Drogany melemele i loko o ke ʻano kai like me nā ʻano Melitopol a pollinated e lākou. Ua kākau ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole i ka papa inoa mokuʻāina no ke Komohana Kau o Caucasus ma 1997. He lāʻau loloa-ʻia ka lāʻau (e like me ka hōʻike ʻana e All-Russian Research Institute no Fruit Crop Breeding - Tall), me ka lei ākea ākea ʻole.

ʻO ka lei aliʻi o Crohn ʻo Yaroslavna - puni, kāʻeiʻeleʻele

ʻO ke ʻano o ka wā kūmole (e like me ke VNIISPK - ke kakahiaka nui). Hoʻopili pinepine nā huaʻai i kekahi mau lā ma hope o ka ʻano like o Valery Chkalov. Hoʻopau ʻo Yaroslavna i ke kakahiaka nui me nā pua keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi. He lawelawe ponoʻī nā ʻano huakai, no laila, pono nā mea pollinators. ʻO nā mea maikaʻi loa:

• Valery Chkalov;
• Valeria;
• Donchanka;
• ʻO ka nani o Donetsk.

ʻO kekahi mea maikaʻi aʻe, akā e ʻae ʻia:

• Aelita;
• Drogana melemele;
• Donetsk ulana;
• Melitopol i ke kakahiaka;
• ʻĀina

Hoʻomaka ka mea kanu i ka hua 4-5 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. Kūpaʻa ka huahana, i nā makahiki 10, a hiki i ka 100 kg o nā huaʻai e hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai hoʻokahi lāʻau.

ʻO ka lāʻau a me nā pua pua i hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī paʻakikī. Kūpono ka lāʻau, he make nui o ka coccomycosis a me nā mea i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā hua ʻona ia i loko o ka ʻulaʻula ulaula. ʻO ke kaupaona awelika he 6,7 g (e like me VNIISPK - 7-8 g, a hōʻike kekahi mau kumu i nā hua o Yaroslavna e kau ana i 12 g). He momona, pōkole, kāwiliwa ka peni. ʻOluʻolu ke ʻano, he ʻono. ʻO ka pane o nā tasters ka 4 pihi ma waho o ka 5. ʻO kēlā me ka like i ka hui semi-bigroro, e hāʻawi ana iā ia i ka pale kū maikaʻi i ka uʻi ʻana i nā hua a me ka transportability kiʻekiʻe. Kālele ke kumu o ka hua.

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā cherries a pau i ʻelua mau pūʻulu: bigarro a me gini. ʻO ka peni ma mua, he mau palupalu, nā huaʻai e mālama i ko lākou ʻano a ʻaʻole palupalu i nā compotes. ʻO ka lua he ʻona a me nā ʻiʻo palu, pōkole noho pōkole, portability ʻole. ʻAʻole kūpono lākou no ke kūkulu ʻana.

ʻO kā Berry o ka launa ʻo Yaroslavna he ʻano ovoid a puni

Loaʻa a me nā ponoʻole

ʻO nā mea pono nui o nā ʻano ʻano:

• kamua;
• kiʻekiʻe a me nā huahana maʻamau;
• ʻāʻule hoʻoilo;
• kuʻumau;
• ʻōpala mua;
• maikaʻi loa o nā huaʻai;
• the universal of use;
• ʻoihana maikaʻi;
• pale aku i ke kūpaʻa;
• ke kū'ē nei i ka coccomycosis.

ʻO nā mea maikaʻiʻoleʻole liʻiliʻi ka liʻiliʻi:

• ka make ole;
• nele i ka makehewa i nā maʻi ʻoi;
• ka ulu lāʻau kiʻekiʻe i ka haʻalele o ka hoʻokumu.

Kūkulu mau mea kanu

ʻO ke kaʻina o ke kanu ʻana i ka cherry Yaroslavna i lalo o nā rula maʻamau no nā lāʻau o kēia huaʻaʻai.

Ka pōkole holo wāwae

1. ʻO kahi koho o kahi. Pono e hoʻokō i nā koi aʻe:
   • Hāʻawi maikaʻi ʻia nā mālamalama maikaʻi (ʻokoʻa penumbra).
   • Ka pale mai ka makani anuanu a me nā papa hana.
   • ʻO ka pae kai hohonu - ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 3 m.
   • ʻAʻohe stagnation o ka ea.
   • Kaumaha nā ʻāina, one sandam, chernozems.
   • Kokoke a kokoke i ke kūlohelohe.
2. Kūlana hoʻohālikelike - 3.5-4 m ma waena o nā lālani a me 3-3.5 m ākea i kahi lālani.
3. Nā lāliʻi. I nā ʻāina hema, hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i kahi mea kanu i ka hāʻule (ʻOkakopa - mid-Nowemapa), a i ka hoʻomaka o ka puna ma mua o ka pua ʻana o nā pua. Ma nā ʻāina ʻākau, ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka kanu kanu.
4. ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka lua ka hana ma 2-3 mau hebedoma ma mua o ke kanu. Inā ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia no ka puna, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lua i ka hāʻule. Loaʻa iā ia kēia:
   1. E kāwili i ka lua i kahi hohonu o 80 cm me ke anawaena o 80-100 cm.
   2. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi papana o ka pōhaku i kalai ʻia (pālolo lepo, pālaʻi, a me nā mea āpau).
      

      Waiho ʻia kahi papaha ma lalo o ka lua mokulele.
   3. Hoʻopiha ʻia ka lua i ka brim me ka lepo momona. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka honua ʻeleʻele, ka mea pilikino (humus, kompos), peat a me ke one ma nā ʻae like.
5. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, kua kanu ʻia nā aʻa o ka huinaʻai no kekahi mau hola i ka wai.
6. Ma ke kikowaena o ka lua, ʻeli lākou i ka punawai o ka nui e kau ai nā aʻa o ka hua huʻu i loko, a ʻano i kahi kuʻi liʻiliʻi.
7. Hoʻomaka ʻia ka hua kanu i ka lua, e pālahalaha ana i nā aʻa ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka mound.
8. Hoʻopiha lākou i ka lua me ka lepo, me ka hoʻomālamalama iā ia i nā ʻāpana. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole e kanu ʻia ka ʻāʻī o ke aʻa - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana ia 3-5 cm ma luna o ka lepo.
   

   ʻAʻole kanu i ka aʻa ʻili o ka hua kanu i ke kanu ʻana

9. Ka puni ka lāʻau i lilo kahi ʻōpala i kahi ʻoki.
10. Hoʻonui nui ka mea kanu i ka nui o nā manawa a pau piha ka wai (e hōʻoia kēia i kahi paʻa o ka lepo i nā aʻa.
11. Hoʻopili ʻia ka lepo e hōʻemi i ka hoʻoluʻu o ka umu, pale i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻāina a hāʻawi i ke komo ʻana o ka ea i nā aʻa.
    

    Ma hope o ka hoʻouluʻana, e pono e mulch i ka lepo

12. Hōʻoki ʻia ka hua kanu i ke kiʻekiʻe o 0.85-0.9 m, a me nā lālā āpau (inā he) e pōkole ʻia e 50%.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka māla a me nā subtleties o ka mālama

Kūpono ka paʻani aloha ʻo Yaroslavna no ka haʻalele. E like me kekahi lāʻau, pono iā ia i ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana, ka lole a topi a me ka ʻoki. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻaʻohe o kēia mau hanana i kahi ʻano varietal, no laila ʻaʻole mākou e noho ma luna o lākou. I nā kikoʻī nui kā mākou e pā aku i ka ʻoki ʻana. No ka mea he nui ka ulu ulu ʻana o ka lāʻau, he ʻano kūpono no ka lei o ka lei e sparse-tiered. Iā nā kānāwai o kēia hoʻokumu:

1. Ua hana mua ʻia ka hana mua ʻana
2. I ke kakahiaka nui o ka makahiki e hiki mai ana ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, ua hana ʻia ka huaʻāina mua i ka lāʻau. E hana i kēia:
   1. Ma ka ʻāpana, koho i nā ʻōpala maikaʻi 2-3 (e lilo lākou i mau lālā koʻi) e hoʻokō i kēia mau pilikia:
      • Aia ka pana haʻahaʻa ma kahi mamao o 30-40 cm mai ka lepo.
      • Ke ulu nui nei nā pana i nā wahi ʻokoʻa.
      • ʻO ka mamao ma waena o lākou he 10-15 cm.
   2. ʻO nā mākē a pau ma lalo o ka pana mua i koho ʻia he makapō.
   3. ʻO nā lālā, ma kahi o nā mea i koho ʻia he ʻulaʻula, ua ʻoki ʻia "i loko o ke apo".
   4. Hoʻopau nā pōkole hema ma ka 30-40%.
   5. Hoʻokiʻoki ʻia ka mea hoʻoponopono kumu kiʻekiʻe ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 10-15 cm ma luna o ka kumu o ka lālā luna.
3. Ma hope o 1-2 mau makahiki (i ka wā mua o ka pūnāwai), hana ʻia ka lua o ka punawai o nā lālā heʻe i ka ala like ʻole.
4. Ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki he 1-2, ua hana ʻia kahi kūhelu kolu - maʻa maʻamau he ʻāpana o hoʻokahi lālā.
5. Hoʻokiʻoki ʻia ka mea hoʻokumu kikowaena ma luna o ke kumu o ka lālā luna.
   

   Ua ʻoki ʻia ʻo Cherry Yaroslavna i loaʻa i kahi kiʻi sparse-tier

Hoʻopau ʻia nā hana āpau a pau (sanitary, thinning, rejuvenation) e like me nā kānāwai maʻamau.

Video: pehea e mālama ai i nā cherries

Pest a me ka hoʻomake

ʻAʻole kēia e haʻi aku ua maʻi pinepine ʻo Yaroslavna i nā maʻi a me ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā pōpoki. Inā ʻike ka māla hale, a laila hana koke ʻo ia i nā hana pale maʻalahi e hōʻemi i ke ʻano o kēia mau pilikia.

Lāʻau: nā pale pale pale e kūʻē i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki o nā cherries

Hoʻoweliweli nā pilikia e hoʻohālikelike ai iā Yaroslavna pele

Inā no kekahi kumu ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia a ʻaʻole hoʻi i hāʻawi i nā hopena i makemake ʻia, a laila ʻaʻole i haʻalele ʻia nā maʻi maʻi.

• Moniliosis. I ka pūnāwai, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke ahulau e nā ʻikena i hōʻailona - nā lau i hoʻopuni ʻia, nā pua a me nā ʻōpala i ʻae ʻia e ke ahi. I ka loaʻa ʻana o kēlā mau hōʻailona, ​​pono e ʻoki ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki, aʻo ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻona olakino 10-20 cm. ^ E Ha yM. Ma hope o kēia, e hoʻolaha ʻia nā cherries me nā fungicides (Horus, Abiga-Peak, Skor).
  

  I ke kauwela, pili ka moniliosis i nā hua o nā cherries a me nā cherries, i uhi ʻia i nā wahi o nā hina hina

• Kleasterosporiosis (kaʻai perforated). Hoʻokumu ʻia nā lua liʻiliʻi me kahi rula ʻulaʻula-palahalaha ma nā papa lau. Inā hoʻokaʻawale ʻole ʻia, maloʻo nā lau a hāʻule i ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana, nā māmai, a me nā huaʻai. Hoʻolālā ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke kao ʻana i nā lau i hoʻopilikia ʻia a me ka mālama ʻana me nā fungicides.
  

  ʻO kahi hōʻailona o ka maʻi me ka kleasterosporiosis ke hoʻokumu ʻana ma nā lau o nā lua me kahi aniani o 5-7 mm

• Lele ʻo Cherry. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻano lau ʻehā ma mua o ka ulu ʻana o ka cherry lele, ʻoiai lākou e neʻe i waho o ka hua ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana. Hiki ke ʻeha ʻia ka pilikia e ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā hana pale. ʻO 2-3 nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa (ma mua o ka pua, ʻo ka hoʻomaha ma hope o ka pua me ka wā o ka 1-1,5 mau pule) e ka iniseti hoʻohui nui i ka hopena o ka hōʻino. ʻO ka pinepine ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Decis, Fitoverm, Spark.
  

  ʻO nā lau o kahi huaʻai e lau ai i nā huaʻai o kahi cherry

• Cherry Weevil. I ka wā ulu mua, hoʻomaka nā ʻōpala e ʻai i nā lau ʻōpio, nā pua, nā ʻoki. Ma hope o ka moe ʻana, e kau ana nā wīwī i kā lākou hua ma ka ʻōpio, no ka mea ua ʻokiʻoki ʻia lākou. I ke kakahiaka ma kahi mahana o ka ea o 5-7^{e pili ana}Noho ʻia nā hū he ma nā lālā i kahi lepo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke pālahalaha i ke kiʻi ma lalo o ka cherry a lūlū iā lākou ma nā lālā. I ka manawa like, e kāʻei ʻia nā lāʻau me nā insecticides.
  

  ʻAi ʻia nā hua weevil Cherry i ka ʻiʻo o nā huaʻī a me nā ʻiʻo huaʻai

Hoike Mai

I nā kūlana o ka mokuʻo Kharkov (me kahi hoʻoilo hoʻoilo maikaʻi ʻana), ʻo ia ʻo Yaroslavna ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā hua paʻa o nā hua ʻulaʻula mua. Malia paha no kāna mau mea mālama koko maikaʻi ʻo Donchanka, Donetsk Beauty, Valery Chkalov a me Valeria - nā ʻokoʻa he mea maʻamau i nā māla Ukraine. Ka paʻakikī paʻakikī - ma ka pae o ka melemele melemele, ke kūʻē kiʻekiʻe i ka ulana o nā hua. Hoʻopunipuni nā māla launa maʻamau e nā wā e kū ai - ma waena waena (a nui ka makemake i ka hoʻomaka ʻana!).

MAR, Kharkov

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I kēia makahiki, ua hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomaka o Iune 6-7, ma mua o ka wā ma mua. ʻO ka berry a ʻāpono a ʻono loa. No ka hoʻohālikelike, ua hōʻemi ʻia ʻo V. Chkalov, ʻoiai ua pā ʻo ia i ka hebedoma ma mua.

* iya *, Kiev

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ʻO nā 10 o nā ʻano aʻu i hoʻohua ai i ka hua, ʻo Yaroslavna ka mea maikaʻi loa i ka ʻōlelo o kahi pae o nā hiʻohiʻona. Hoʻohālike like nā hua me V. Chkalov, akā ʻo tastier. Ua ulu ia na poles. Ua hōnā ʻia i luna o nā lau ma luna o Vladimir i 2 mau makahiki i hala. Me ka uluʻana o 1,5 m, ua hoʻonui ka hua i ka nui o 2.5 kg. A hoʻomaka nā manu i ka peck, ua uhi ʻia ia me ka pale tulle. Ua kōkua ʻia. ʻAʻole lākou i hāʻawi ripen, ʻai.

ivanlevin, wahi ʻo Belgorod

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Makemake wau iā Yaroslavna, kahi ʻano pale paʻa loa e piʻi ai, i ka coccomycosis a me nā hua pala, a nui loa ka hoʻoilo. kū wela a kūlohelohe hoʻi. Hiki i ka liʻiliʻi iki ke nui, akā ʻo ka ʻono inā ʻala piha ke hele maikaʻi.

cherry moa, Donetsk

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ʻO ka papa inoa voluminous o nā pono o nā lau crye Yaroslavna hoihoi i ka ulu ʻana i nā hale pilikino. He mea ʻoluʻolu nō hoʻi ia i ka poʻe mahiʻai ma muli o ka transportability maikaʻi o nā hua, maikaʻi loa ke ʻano o nā huahana a pau, unpretentiousness o kahi lāʻau.