Cherry Novella: ka ho'ākāka 'ana a me nā hiʻohiʻona

ʻO nā ʻano lauole hou, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Novella, i loaʻa i ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi i nā mea kanu. Hoʻopau lākou, kūleʻa i nā maʻi, ke pale kūlohelohe. Ke ulu lāʻau i nā Novella cherries, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e lilo i māla mea akamai loa.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o Novella Cherry Variety

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka lau Novella cherry ma All-Russian Research Institute no Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK). ʻO ka lā helu hoʻopaʻa inoa 2001.

ʻAʻole iʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka cherry makua ma mua o 3 m, ua hoʻokiʻu ʻia ka lei, e hana i kahi ʻano pōʻai ʻole, ʻeleʻele ka ʻōpala i ka ʻoni. ʻO ka'ōmaʻomaʻoʻeleʻele nā ​​lau, loaʻa kahi pale pale matte. Hoʻopili ʻia nā hua i nā lālā palu a me nā mea ʻōpio. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻano a puni me ka ʻūhā o ka aū a me kahi funnel liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka nui o nā cherries he 4.5-5 g, kahi momona ka momona, e like me kahi elima elima a loaʻa iā ia kahi helu he 4.2. ʻAʻole kuʻi nā hua a me ka nui o ka wai, e hoʻomanawanui i ka hele ʻana.

Ka berry, ka wai a me ka pulp o kā cheri Novella i paʻi ʻia i ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, i ka wā e piha nui nā hua, lilo lākou i ʻeleʻele

ʻO ka ʻano like me ke koho pilikino. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka pīhoihoi me nā ʻano cherry e like me:

• Vladimirskaya
• Griot o Ostheim,
• ʻO ke kaikamahine poloki.

E like me ka wehewehe a VNIISPK, e puka ana ka hua ma ka makahiki 4. Hoʻopau ka hua a Cherry ma ka manawa maʻamau no kēia moʻomeheu (Mei 10-18). ʻO ka moʻolelo pōkole e pili ana i nā ʻano waena o ka ʻūhū ʻana, ʻo ka wā kaila ka kolu o ka hebedoma o Iulai. Pau nā hua a pau i like ʻole - i loko o kekahi mau lā. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili a hiki i 19 kg o ka hua mai kahi lāʻau (kākahi hua - 15 kg).

Mai ka lāʻau cherry Novella, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili i ka 19 kg o nā huaʻai

Loaʻa kālai:

• ke kū'ē nei i nā maʻi ʻoi (coccomycosis a me ka moniliosis);
• maloʻo maikaʻi o ka lāʻau.

Loaʻa i nā pono:

• awelika pale kūlohelohe o nā pua pua;
• hua like ʻole: i nā makahiki ʻokoʻa ka pā o ka lehulehu o ka hua i loaʻa i ʻokoʻa.

Kūkulu mau mea kanu

ʻAʻole nānā nui nā mea kanu lāʻau.

Koho koho

No ka kanu ʻana, kūpono paha nā lāʻau makahiki a mea ʻole paha, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe kahiko i ke aʻa a keu ʻole ke ʻano ke kūʻai aku. ʻO ke ulu ʻana o nā ʻano kanu like:

• 70-80 cm - mau makahiki;
• 100-110 cm - mau makahiki ʻelua.

Hiki i nā kahu hilahila ʻole ke hāʻawi i nā mea kanu i ulu me kahi momona o ka nitrogen. He ʻano nani kona ʻano, akā he haʻahaʻa loa ko lākou ola i kahi wahi ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā hua kanu i ulu ma ka nitrogen ua loaʻa i nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma luna o ka ʻōpala ma nā ʻano o nā puʻupuʻu a me nā kui, a ʻo ka lāʻau cherry maoli maoli e kūlike i ka ʻulaʻula me kahi pua silky.

Ke koho ʻana i ke kumulāʻau mea, hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana paʻa, akā i ka manawa like pono ʻoe e hōʻoia i ka kūʻiʻo o ka mea i hoʻolako. Pono e wehewehe pono ʻia ke kumu o ka aʻa, ʻaʻole ʻoki ʻia, i loaʻa i kahi aʻa ākea ka nui, ka pono o ka fibrillation ma kahi o ke kumu nui.

Ke koho nei i nā hua cherry me kahi ʻōnaehana puka ākea, e nānā pono i nā aʻa: pono lākou e wehewehe pono ʻia, ʻaʻole ʻoki ʻia, i kahi fibrillation a puni ke kumu nui

Kahi no nā cherries

ʻO nā kumulāʻau hua āpau, me nā cherries, makemake i kūleʻa a i ʻole nā ​​lula alkaline me ka pH = 6.5-7. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia e pili ana i ka hiki ʻana o ke ola o ka huina a me ka hopena o kahi lāʻau pākeke.

Hiki ke maʻalahi i ka hoʻonaʻauao o ka ʻāina me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pahu kūikawā me nā pepa litmus a me nā lau nāu i kū ʻia ma ka pūnaewele (creeping wheatgrass, odorless chamomile, coltsfoot, field bindweed, clover, poppy field bark, clover, field bindweed, alkali on alkaline ground keʻokeʻo, ma ka paʻakai - horsetail)

Ma nā lepo acidic, pono ka liming i ka wā kanu.

Ke kanu ʻana i nā cherries, pono e noʻonoʻo i ka topograph o ke kahua.

• ʻAʻole i loaʻa ka Cherry i nā lua, nā haʻahaʻa, nā gullies; ʻo kahi kūpono i ka lihi o kahi puʻu liʻiliʻi me kahi lō he 5-8 °. I ka hala ʻole o kekahi mau kiʻekiʻe i ka wahi, hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu ma ka mokulele;
• ke kūleʻa maikaʻi loa i ke komohana. He pono ʻole ka noho ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao kūkulu hema, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōʻino o nā pōpoki i ka wā o ka huku, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā cherries ma ka ʻaoʻao hema i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo. ʻĀina ʻia kahi wahi noho o Oriental. I ka hoʻonohonoho ʻākau, ua pua ka cherry ma hope a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o kona mau hua i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka acid;
• wae ʻia ka wahi i poha ʻia ka lei o ka cherry e ka makani, ke kuʻi ʻana o ka lewa a puni ia.
  

  Koho ʻia ka wahi no ka cherry i hoʻoiho iki ʻia kona lei e ka makani

Ke kanu ʻia nei kekahi mau lāʻau, lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 3 m mau ma waena o lākou.

Noho wā

ʻO ka wā kanu maikaʻi loa he puna, ʻo ka manawa ma mua o ka hāpana o nā pua - i pili kēia i ʻApelila. Cherry seedling, ma nā lau e hoʻomaka ai e pua, ma ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

Inā hiki ʻole ke kūʻai aku i nā mea kanu i ka manawa i hōʻike ʻia, hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kahi hua kanu ma ka hāʻule i hope o ka lau o ka lau a mālama iā ia a hiki i ka puna, a laila kanu i ka manawa i ʻōlelo ʻia. Mālama ʻia kēlā ʻano hua kanu i loko o kahi kuʻekuʻe liʻiliʻi, i uhi piha ʻana i ka ʻōpala āpau me ka honua. ʻAʻole hoʻohemo ka lei, ua pani ʻia me nā mea ʻona e pale aku ai i nā kiʻi. I ka hoʻoilo, he nui ka hoʻoilo ma kēia wahi.

Mālama pono ʻia nā hua kanu a hiki i ka pūnāwai.

ʻO nā mea kanu i nā mea kanu

Hiki i kēia hana ke hōʻike i ke ʻano o nā ʻano nui i hōʻike ʻia i ka kiʻi.

ʻO ka kanu ʻana i kahi hua cherry e nui o nā ʻina he nui

E noʻonoʻo pono i kēlā me kēia hana i nā kikoʻī hou:

1. ʻO ka lā ma mua o ke kanu ʻia ʻana o ka huaʻala, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ia mai loko mai o ka ipu, hoʻopili ʻia nā aʻa āpau a waiho ʻia i loko o kahi hoʻonā o ke aʻala o ke aʻa (Heteroauxin, Kornevin). Inā kūʻai ʻia ka mea kanu me ke kīʻaha ʻole, a ua uhi ʻia ka ʻōnaʻo o ke kumu me ka lepo, pono mua e holoi mua.
2. Kahu ʻia ka lua 60 × 60 × 60 cm ka nui. No nā lepo koʻikoʻi, lilo ka hohonu i kahi liʻiliʻi a hāʻawi ʻia ka lōlū ma lalo. Inā kokoke kokoke ka wai (i lalo o 3 m m), no ka kanu ʻana i nā cherries i hana i kahi papa 60-70 cm kiʻekiʻe. I ka wā e ʻeli ai i kahi lua, kahi waihona momona (20 a 40 cm i hilinaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ka lepo) kahi paʻa i kaawale mai ka ʻāina o ka ʻaoʻao o lalo.
   

   Pono ka lua cherry he 60 × 60 × 60 cm

3. Hoʻomaka ʻia kahi ʻano kāwili e hoʻopiha i ka lua: kahi kākoi momona, kahi pāo o nā humus kahiko (ma ʻekolu mau makahiki ʻekolu) a i ʻole ka ʻū ʻia, kahi pā o ka deoxidized peat; inā pono, e hoʻohui ʻia nā mea limahana: palaoa dolomite, lehu, egghell a i ʻole lime. I ka nele o nā kolamu organik, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka superphosphate (40 g) a me ka pākūkā chloride (25 g). ʻAʻole kōkua nā mea kanu Nitrogen i ka wā kanu.
4. Ma mua o ke kau ʻana i ka lua, ua ʻoki ʻia nā ʻōlelo o nā kumu nui. A ma kahi hoʻi he 1-2 cm ua ʻoki ʻia nā piko o kahi ʻehā.
   

   Ua ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā aʻa maloʻo a maloʻo, pono ke ʻokiʻoki i ke aʻa
5. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hapa o ka pūpū lae ma lalo o ka lua a a kau kahi huaʻala i kau ʻia ma luna ona, e hoʻonohonoho ana i ka mea o ka pūnaewele i ka wao i ka ʻaoʻao ʻehā o ka lāʻau. Pono ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka kiʻekiʻe e ka uhi me ka honua i ka aʻa kumu o ka lāʻau, i.e., pono nā mea āpau i ka lepo.
   

   Hiki ke hoʻoholo i kahi o scion e ka piko o ka ʻae a me kahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o ka ʻoniʻoni o ka ʻili

6. Uhiʻi ʻia ka lua i kahi mea kō i huaʻomaʻo, e ʻoiaʻiʻo e kū ʻole ke aʻa. Ma hope o kēlā me kēia pālima he ʻumi sentimeter, ua hoʻokahe ʻia ka honua mai kahi wai hoʻōla. ʻO ka impregnation me ka wai e hōʻoia i kahi paʻa paʻa o ka honua i nā aʻa o ka mea kanu a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka lepo ʻaʻole pono. Mālama ʻia ka papalelo pae o ka papaha ma lalo loa, no ka mea ʻaʻole e hoʻopili i nā aʻa a ʻaʻole i pili i ka ʻai o nā cherries.
7. Ma hope o ka kumulāʻau ʻōpio, ʻoi ʻia ke kahakiʻi i kahi pahu a ma nā wahi ʻelua e hoʻopili i kahi huila nona ia. Pēlā ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka lua i ka mālama ʻana i ka makani.

I loko o 7-10 mau lā, pono ka lūlū ʻia i ka lau i nā lā a pau (ma kahi o 10 l). I mea e pale ʻole ai i ka wai, e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻōlaʻi.

Video: pehea e kanu ai i kahi cherry

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ulu ʻana i ka cherry Novella

Me ka ʻoihana ʻenehana kūpono, e hana ʻo Novella cherry i kahi hua kiʻekiʻe no nā makahiki he iwakālua.

Hoʻomoʻa i ka wai

I ka makahiki kanu, kanu pinepine ka lāʻau (i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia lā 5) i ʻole ka maloʻo o ka ʻōpala ʻōpala. Ma hope o ka hoʻohāinu ʻana, e hāhā ka lepo a, inā pono, ua ʻoka ʻia nā lau. I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mulch, mālama mau ka lepo i ka lepo, kahi e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o ka wai. I nā makahiki ma hope mai, e hoʻolele wale ʻia nā cherries i ke kauwela maloʻo ma mua o 2 mau manawa i ka mahina.

ʻO ka noho ʻana me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe

Ke kanu mahina ʻai, pono e noʻonoʻo i nā hoalauna. Hoʻomaopopo ka loiloi kūʻokoʻa i kahi ma mua o 20% o ka hua i hoʻopau ʻia e ke keʻokeʻo me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. No laila, e ʻōlelo pono e loaʻa i kahi kokoke i kekahi (i ka radius a hiki i 40 m) kahi lua o kekahi mau ʻano i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna.

Ua kūpono nā lāʻau hua ʻē aʻe e like me nā hoalauna ʻē aʻe, i hāʻawi ʻia ʻole lākou e nānā i ka lei. ʻAʻole kōkua ʻia nā kumulāʻau Berry (blackcurrant, sea buckthorn, ʻōlepa, raspberry) no kahi kokoke. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā mea kanu aloha lāʻau ākea me kahi ʻōnaehana superficial, no ka mea e mālama lākou i ka mālama ʻana o ka ea i ka lepo.

Noho hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻoilo

ʻO ka pale kūlohelohe maikaʻi o Novella e hōʻoia wale nō ia no nā wahi i hōʻike ʻia ma ka pūnaewele VNIISPK ma ka wehewehe ʻana o kēia ʻano.

I kekahi hihia, ua mākaukau ka lāʻau no ka hoʻoilo:

1. Ma hope o ka hāʻule o ka lau, lawe ʻia ka wai-hoʻoulu i ka lepo.
2. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka poli me ka peat a i ʻole ka compost (ma kona nalowale, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i kahi papa o ka honua).
   

   Ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana o ka wai o ka cherries, ua kākuhi ʻia ka pōpoki o ke kaʻa me ka peat a i ʻole humus

3. Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, e hana i ka ʻula ma kahi o ka ʻōpala. Hiki iā ʻoe ke uhi iā ia me ka mauʻu ma luna. Mālama kēia hana i ka pua mua, i ka mālama ʻana i nā ovaries mai ka hau hope.

Kākau

Hoʻopili koke ʻia ka mea kanu mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. I nā makahiki ma hope mai, ʻo ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka lei e pua nā pua a hiki i ka wā e wehe ai nā pua (ʻelua hapalua o Malaki), aʻo ka lewa wai ʻole e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ma mua o -5 ⁰C. Hiki ke lawe ʻia ka manawaleʻa ʻana i ke ʻano i ka hāʻule, akā ʻo ka mea pinepine ka ʻano o ia mau ʻano hana ʻelua.

Inā pono ʻoe e hana i kahi ʻokiʻoki ma waho o ka pōpilikia (no ka laʻana, e pale aku ai i ka lei ʻana i ka lei a kuhikuhi i ka lālā) i waho, a laila e hana i kahi ʻoki ʻoki (like 45 °) ma kahi mamao o 0,5 cm mai ke alo i waho e kū pono ana i ka ʻōpū.

Kūkia ʻia ka lei o ka lau o Novel i kahi ʻano sparse-tiered.

Paleka: ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka lei o ka pua sparse-tier of cherry lāʻau

ʻAʻole pōkole ʻia nā ʻōpio ʻōpio i kahi lōʻihi o lalo o ka 40 cm a i hiki ai i nā hua pua ke hoʻohiki ʻia ma luna o lākou.

Kahi ʻia nā kūpeʻe Bouquet ma nā kākā 30-40 cm lōʻihi

I ka wā e hiki mai ana, aia ma luna o kēia mau lālā e ulu nā hua momona.

Wikiō: nā lālā lāʻau kanu kanu

Ke noi ʻana

I ka makahiki mua o ke kanu ʻana, ʻaʻole e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ke kapa lole, ua lawa ia i hoʻohui ʻia i ka wā kanu. Ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kanu, pono mālama kekahi i kā lākou i ka nui o ka hōʻeha i ka cherry.

Papa pākaukau

Nā maʻi a me nā maʻi ʻeha

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻano ʻo Novella ma kahi kumu o kahi puaʻa a me ka cherry manu manu (cerapadus). Hoʻopili kēia i kona kūʻē i ke hau a pale aku i nā maʻi āpau, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano o nā pōpoki. No laila, ʻaʻole pono e lapaʻau ʻia me nā pesticides a me nā fungicides.

Nā Hōʻikeʻike e pili ana iā Novella Cherries

Ua hōʻike ʻo Cherry Novella iā ia iho i kona nani a pau no ka makahiki ʻelima. He helehelena nui nā hua, ʻulaʻula-ʻeleʻele a loaʻa kahi momona ʻoluʻolu me ke kōmi pele. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, ua huli kā mākou Novella cherry i kahi lāʻau lāʻau lāʻau. Ua lele wale kona mau lala, a hiki wale i ka lepo. Ma hope o 8 mau makahiki, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka lāʻau ma mua o ʻekolu mau mika, kahi mea e hoʻoikaika nui i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā hua ʻai.

Nikolaevna

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Nui koʻu makemake loa i ka puke - he wikiwiki, ulu i mau ʻōpio a i ka wā mua i ka wā hua. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole e nalowale i ka ulu. Mea ʻono ʻaina maikaʻi.

Zener

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I kēia makahiki ua hana wau i kekahi mau hōʻola o Novella. Kūpono loa ʻole ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻano like ʻole me kona pale ʻana i ka maʻi.

Jackyx

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No ka haʻalele ʻana nā Noryla cherry i ka haʻalele ʻana. Me kahi hoʻoikaika liʻiliʻi, loaʻa ʻoe i kahi hōʻoki maikaʻi mai ia lāʻau. He mea nui ia a ʻo nā hua o Novella i ke noi holoʻokoʻa: hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i ka ʻaka, hana i ka waina a hauʻoli wale paha i kahi papa ʻono.