ʻO Tsuga kahi ʻano lāʻau ulu evergreen o ka ʻohana Pine (pono ia e hoʻokaʻawale iā ʻoe mai ka pseudotsuga thyssolate). ʻO ka ʻāina nona ka ʻāpana ʻĀkau o ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻĀsia Asia. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā lāʻau mai ka 5-6 m a 25-30 m. ʻO ka helu nui ma 75 m ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Tsugi komohana.
He hana koʻikoʻi ka lāʻau lāʻau i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻenehana o ka honua. He hopena maikaʻi kēia no ka māla lāʻau. Hoʻohana ʻia kā lākou mau ʻano no nā kumu hoʻonaninani a me ka ʻoihana hoʻoponopono lāʻau.
Kāne hiʻohiʻona
ʻO nā pono o kahi mea kanu, ʻo ia hoʻi ma kekahi lālā, hiki ke loli i ka lōʻihi. Hoʻokipa ʻia nā pito o nā ʻāpana me nā cones ovoid liʻiliʻi. Ke ulu ikaika nei ʻo Tsuga. Hoʻokomo ʻia kona ulu ʻana e ka hoʻohemo ʻana a me ka maloʻo. Ke mālama nei ke kāpae ʻana i ka ulu o ke kau ma Iune.
ʻO ke kumu kūʻai no nā pua ʻo Tsugi mai nā 800-1200 rubles. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā mea kanu.
Nā ʻano o Tsugi
I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia nā mea kanu 14 a 18. ʻO Chugi ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia:
| Ka nānā ʻana | ʻO keʻano |
| Kanaka | He kāhea ia a me keʻano like. ʻO ia ka ʻano maʻamau maʻamau. Loaʻa ia ma nā wahi a pau i ka waena waena. ʻĀina - nā ʻāina hikina o ka ʻāina ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. ʻAno ke anu, he pale ia i ka lepo a me ka māla. Loaʻa pinepine i ka nui o nā kahiwi i ka waihona. Hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe ke kūpono o 25 ± 5 m, a ʻo ka laulā o ka ʻōpala he 1 ± 0.5 m. I ka lōʻihi o ka manawa, lilo ia i nā ʻūhā a hoʻomaka i ka exfoliate. He lei aliʻi nani ia i ke ʻano o kahi pyramid me nā lālā palahalaha. Ke kū nei nā lālā liʻiliʻi e like me ke kuahiwi. Kālepa ʻia nā pono ma ka welu a 9-15 cm ka lōʻihi a hiki i 2 mm mau loa, ma ka piko - e kiʻi a puni a puni i ke kumu. ʻO ka topiki ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo uliuli, nā lalo 2 o ke kāʻei keʻokeʻo. He kukui keʻokeʻo nā kō, ʻo ovate 2-2.5 cm lōʻihi a me ka laulā 1-1.5 cm, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia. ʻO ka uhi ʻana i nā unahi ka ʻoi aku ka pōkole ma mua o ka hua. He kukui keʻokeʻo nā kumulāʻau, ʻāpala i ka lā o Okatoba. Lāʻau ≈4 mm lōʻihi. Hoʻololi ʻokoʻa nā mea hoʻohanohano i nā ʻano o ke ʻano a me nā kala o nā pono. |
| Kaulau | Ma kahi e 20. Ua manaʻo ʻo Japan i kona ʻāina. Ua ulu ia ma 800-2100 m ma luna o ke kai. He lei maikaʻi loa, he ʻike ʻole i ka lepo calcareous. Ua liʻiliʻi nā kala. ʻO ka pūloi he ʻano hiʻohiʻona laina line-oblong ≈1 ± 0.5 cm lōʻihi a he lōʻihi hoʻi 3-4 mm ākea. Kūpono nā kelepona ma nā ʻano, e noho nui ana, a hiki i 2 cm ka lōʻihi. Hewa kūpū. |
| Karolinskaya | ʻIke ʻia ia ma ka hikina o ka ʻāina o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika i nā mauna, nā kahawai, ma ka ʻaoʻao kahawai o nā kahawai, a i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka pāpala ākea, pāpale pālahalaha, ʻulaʻula, i hoʻonani ʻia me nā wīwī palupalu me ka popescence loloa. Hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 15 m. Hoʻohui nā pana i nā kukui, ʻāpana a me nā kala. ʻO nā ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele he uliuli ma lalo me nā kaila ʻelua-keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o nā pūlaki ma ka awelika 11-14 mm. Kālepa nā kukui a hiki i ka 3,5 cm ka lōʻihi. He paʻakikī keʻeke liʻiliʻi kahi e pili ai i ka laina waena. ʻAnuʻu pale. Makemake wau i ka hoʻohālikelike liʻiliʻi a me ka lepo momona. |
| Komohana | Hele mai mai nā wahi ʻākau o ʻAmelika, ʻo ia kekahi ʻano mea hoʻonani. Hōʻike ʻia nā kumulāʻau e ke ulu wikiwiki, ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO ko lākou kiʻekiʻe i ka 60 m. He mānoanoa ka hua, ʻulaʻula. He liʻiliʻi nā ʻōpū, pīpī, puni. ʻO nā sonesile sessile, oblong, a hiki i ka 2,5 cm ka lōʻihi. I ke anuanu maʻalahi, ulu pinepine kona mau palapala aniani, pono e uhi no ka hoʻoilo. |
| Kina | Hele mai Kina. He hiʻona ia i nā hiʻohiʻona, kahi lei maikaʻi e like me ka pyramid ma ke ʻano, a me nā pono lahilahi. Loaʻa iā ia ma kahi mahana a me nā mahana. |
| Himalayan | Noho ia ma ka mauna mauna o Himalayas ma ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o 2500-3500 m ma mua o ke kai. Kahi kiʻekiʻe ka lāʻau me nā lālā pīkī a me nā lālā pā. He kukui keʻokeʻo nā ʻōpala, pōʻaihewa nā keiki. Pono ka paona a 20-25 mm ka lōʻihi. ʻO nā sonesile sessile, ovoid, 20-25 mm o ka lōʻihi. |
Nā ʻano lāʻau kaulana o Tsugi no ka ulu ʻana ma Lūkia
Ma waena o nā kūlana waena, manaʻo nui ka Tsuga o Kanada. Ma mua o 60 mau ʻano ua ʻike ʻia, akā ʻo nā mea aʻe ka mea maʻamau loa ma Rusia:
| Kālā | Hōʻanoʻike |
| Variegata | ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻonaʻokoʻa o ka ʻano kahea me nā pono lahilahi nani. |
| Aurea | Hāʻawi ʻia ia e nā pihi gula o nā wana. Hiki ke kiʻekiʻe i ke kiʻekiʻe 9 m. |
| Hoʻolaha | ʻO kahi ʻano hoʻolālā me kahi lei e like me ka pōpō a me ka paʻa, curved, pinepine e kau i nā lālā. |
| Hoʻopau (eddeloch) | Ke ʻano liʻiliʻi me kahi lei ākea, nā pōkole pōkole a me nā lālā paʻapū. He ʻulaʻula -ʻula ka ʻōpala o nā kumu, uliuli nā pua. |
| Pendula | Kahi lāʻau pa'ū a hiki i ka 3.8 m ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka lei aliʻi kanikau. Ke hina nei nā lālā pālaha. ʻO nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele kahi pupuʻula me kahi aniani kapaʻi. Ua ulu ia me kahi mea kanu kūʻokoʻa a i hoʻohui ʻia paha i kahi kūlana. |
| Nana | Aia a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o 1-2 m He nani ia i ka lei nani. ʻO ke aniani a ʻoliʻoli a nā pono. ʻO ka'ōmaʻomaʻoʻeleʻele nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio o nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo i hoʻonohonoho paʻa ʻia. Pōkole nā lālā, nānā a nānā i lalo. ʻO ka pale o ka mea kanu, pale-aloha, e makemake i nā kahe lepo lepo a i ʻole ka lepo lepo. ʻO nā pono a hiki i 2 cm lōʻihi a ≈1 mm ākea. Hoʻomaʻi ʻia ka mea like e nā hua a me nā ʻokiʻoki. Hoʻolaha ʻia no ka hoʻonani ʻana i nā wahi pōhaku. |
| Bennett | I ka 1,5 m ke kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻonani ʻia me ka lei kihi kupanaha me nā pulima weliweli a hiki i ka 1 cm ka lōʻihi. |
| Minute | ʻO kahi pepa me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka lei aliʻi a me ka laulā ma lalo o 50 cm. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hapa 1 cm o ka lōʻihi o nā pua kuʻuna. Ma luna - he'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo, ma lalo - me nā waʻa keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. |
| Ikope | I ke kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka 1 m, aia kahi lei hoʻokaʻawale pyramidal a me nā lālā e kau ana. ʻO nā pono ponoʻu, ʻeleʻele uliuli-ʻōmaʻomaʻo me kahi lepo. ʻO ka palemoku ka pale kūmau, makemake nui i ka palupalu, lepo a me ka lepo maloʻo. |
| Kāleka | ʻO nā moʻo uliuli. I ke kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hiki i ka 2.5 m. |
| Prostrata | Nāmila manuahi, a hiki i 1 m ākea. |
| Minima | Kuhi nā mea kanu a kū i ka 30 cm kiʻekiʻe a me nā lālā pōkole a me nā pono liʻiliʻi. |
| Punawai | ʻO ka ʻōmālina ka mea i kūkulu ʻia a hiki i 1.5 m. ʻO kona ʻano he helehelena ʻano o ka lei. |
| ʻO ka hoʻoilo ma ke kauwela | ʻO ka nānā ʻole ʻana o ka tsuga a i ka 1.5 m ke kiʻekiʻe me nā ʻōpio ʻōpio i uhi ʻia me nā moʻi keʻokeʻo. |
| Albospicata | ʻO nā kumulāʻau e ulu a hiki i 3 m ke kiʻekiʻe.ʻuluʻula a nā keʻokeʻo o nā ʻanuʻu. He melemele nā pono ponoʻu i nā hiʻohiʻona, me kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā makahiki. |
| Sargenti | Nā ʻano ʻo Tsugi a hiki i ka 4 m ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe. |
| Ke gula Hou | Ua like ka like me ka ʻano like me ka Aurea. Loaʻa nā pulupulu ʻōpio i ke kala melemele gula. |
| Makapili | ʻO kahi pālahalaha ākea. ʻO nā kumulāʻau me ka lei ākea a me nā moemoe nui e piʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 24 m. |
| Nā Microfila | He lāʻau nani a nani hoʻi. ʻO 5 mm ka lōʻihi a me 1 mm ka laulā. ʻĀmaʻomaʻo ka ʻāhewa Stomatal. |
| Ammerland | ʻO nā pulima ʻono ʻono a me nā ʻōlelo a nā lālā i ke kūpaʻa o nā ʻeleʻele ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka hiʻona o ka papa. ʻAʻole kiʻekiʻe ka kiʻekiʻe i ka 1 m. Ua like ka lei i ke ʻano o kahi puʻupuʻu: ulu nā lālā liʻiliʻi ma ka Honua, ulu nā lālā pākaha. |
| Kāleʻa Dwarf | ʻO ka mea kanu dwarf ka keglevidnoy form. ʻO nā palaka ma ka hopena o ke kauwela a me ke kauwela ke keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo me ka makemake e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iki. |
| Parviflora | Ka puka dwarf Elegant. Kālepa ʻōpala. Pono i ka 4-5 mm ka lōʻihi. Nā maʻi stomatal indistinct. |
Nā koi kūpono
No nā kanu kanu, ua koho ʻia nā mea kanu ma nā ipu. ʻO kā lākou kiʻekiʻe i ʻōlelo ʻia a hiki i 50 cm, ʻo 8 a hiki i ka 8 mau makahiki, a ʻulaʻula loa nā lālā. Pono e hōʻoiaʻiʻo e ʻike pono ka ʻōnaehana kumu me ka mea i puka aʻe, ʻaʻole i kī ʻia i nā aʻa, no ka mea e laha aku ana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka honua.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana
No ka ulu nui, semi-shaded, windless, ecologically clean members are cocog. Pono hou ka Optimum, palupalu, hoʻohuihui ʻia, nā wai momona maikaʻi. ʻO nā pule ʻelua ʻelua o ʻAukake, ʻo ʻAukake, ʻo ia ka manawa maikaʻi loa e pae ai. Pono ka hohonu o ka lua kanu e liʻiliʻi i nā manawa ʻelua o ka lōʻihi o nā aʻa o ka seedling. Ke kūpono - ma ka liʻiliʻi he 70 cm.
ʻIke ʻia kahi kuʻina o ka pae ʻāina:
- E hōʻoia i ka pakele maikaʻi, ua uhi ʻia ka lalo o ka lua me kahi ʻāpana o ke one me ka mānoanoa o 15 cm.ʻā holoi ʻia ke one ma mua o ka holoi ʻana.
- Hoʻopiha ʻia ka luaʻi i kahi ʻano kāwili o ka ʻāina turf, ka lepo lau a me ka one ma kahi hoʻohālike o 2: 1: 2. I kekahi manawa hoʻohana lākou i kahi kāwili o ka wai me ka lepo māla ma kahi pākelē 1: 1.
- Holo ka ʻōpū me ka ʻeke maloʻo i lalo i ka lua.
- Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻōnaehana kumu me ka lepo, me ka ʻole e hoʻopili i ke kaʻe o ka neʻe o ke aʻa i loko o ka ʻōpala.
- Hoʻopiha nui ʻia nā hua kanu (ma kahi o 10 lita o ka wai i kēlā me kēia) a hamch i ka lepo me nā maʻa, a i ʻole a i ʻole nā mea lāʻau lāʻau.
Ma nā lau ʻāina, ʻo ka mamao ma waena o nā kahe i ʻike ʻia. ʻO ka maʻamau, pono ia ʻo 1.5-2.0 m.
I nā mahina 24 mua, ua uhi ʻia nā hua laʻa mai ka makani, ʻaʻole lākou e kūleʻa ma muli o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana kumu. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā mea kanu i ka hau ma mua o ko lākou mau hoa ikaika.
Mālama
Ke ulu a hoʻomohala, pono ke kai nui i ka wai maʻamau i ka pae o ≈10 l o ka wai i hoʻokahi pule no ka 1 m². ʻO ka mahina hoʻokahi, ʻo ka pīpī ʻana i ka lei e pono ai. Pono ka mea kanu e hānai ai i ka wā o ka ʻīwī a me ka pūnāwai, ʻaʻole eʻoi aku ma mua o 200 g o ka pāoʻi no 10 lita wai.
Makemake ʻo Tsuga i ka phosphate a me ka potash fertilizers, akā ʻaʻole e ʻae i ka nitrogen.
Hoʻomaopopo nā lālā i ka pākuʻi ʻana i ka ʻāina e pale ai i ke pala ʻole e ʻoki ʻia. Hana maikaʻi ʻia ka loosening me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka lepo ikaika ma mua o 10 cm.
Ke mālama nei no ka mālama ʻana i kahi Tsuga ma nā kaona. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu, pono ke uhi ʻia ka mea kanu me nā lālā pihi a iʻa paha. Pono e hoʻolei ʻia ka hoʻoilo ma nā lālā a i ʻole keʻakeʻa.
ʻAno laha a ke kīleʻa
Hoʻopuka ʻia ka mea kanu lāʻau:
- ʻO nā hua. Ua puka lākou i 3-4 mau mahina ma hope o ke komo ʻana i ka lepo i ka mahana o + 3 ... +5 ° C.
- Nā ʻāpana ʻāpana. Hana ʻia nā ʻokiʻō i ke kakahiaka a me ke kauwela, ʻoki ʻia nā lālā ʻaoʻao. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka lepo maʻalahi.
- Ke kaha ʻana. E hoʻohana i nā wana e moe ana ma ka lepo. Me ka pilina maikaʻi me ka lepo a me ka hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻana, e kau ana ko lākou kohu i loko o 2 mau makahiki. Ke hoʻomoʻa nei ma ka waiho ʻana, ʻaʻole paʻa ka tsuga i ka lei o ka mana o ia ʻano.
Nā maʻi tsugu a me nā pōpoki
ʻO ka ʻūpā kōmi spider ka ʻenemi nui o ka Kanada Tsugi. Pono e ʻokiʻoki i nā ʻōpō i loaʻa ʻia me kēia pūpū, a mai poina hoʻi e holoi i ka lāʻau holoʻokoʻa. Inā pono, e ʻae ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o acaricides.
He mea ʻona a me nā pepeke nāu, a me nā muʻi a me nā mea aloha pū kekahi.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Mr. Dachnik: ʻO Tsuga i ka hoʻolālā ʻāina
I ka hoʻolālā kiʻi, nani ke ʻano o kahi Tsuga i hui pū me nā lāʻau deciduous a me nā pua me nā māhina maikaʻi loa. Hiki ke hoʻohana no ka hoʻolālā symmetrical, a me ka hui i hui ʻia (ma ke ʻano o nā alapi) a me nā hoʻokō ʻāina. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā kumulāʻau he mau pā.
Ua hoʻokō maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Tsuga. ʻO nā mea kaulana nui nā mea lōlū hāʻule e kūpono i nā māla pōhaku. Mālama i ka wai haʻahaʻa e hiki ai i ka mea kanu ke hoʻonani i nā loko. Mālama ʻia kahi lei maikaʻi i nā mea kanu mai ka wela, e ʻae iā lākou e ulu i loko o nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu, a ʻo ka lohi lohi ʻo ia kekahi waiwai nui i ka hoʻolālā ʻāina.
