Ma muli o ka ikaika nui,ʻaʻole i lilo ka lei kalahala nui ākea i mea punahele loa i nā mea nona nā mea kanu pālahalaha liʻiliʻi.
Ke kumu ulu ulu ua like me kahiʻolo ikaika loa, no ke aha i loaʻa ai ka inoaʻo Vityaz.
ʻO kēia mauʻano'ōleʻaʻo ia ka mea i hoʻokumuʻia e kekahi o nā haumāna aʻoi loa o ke kulana o Michurin, Sergey Ivanovich Isaevnāna i hāʻawi aku i kona ola i ka hānauʻana nā'ōpē aʻo.
He aha iaʻano?
Ua manaʻoʻiaʻo Knight ka hopena o nā kau. ʻO ka mea iʻikeʻia aia ma keʻanoʻo ka hua ma ke kumu waina e hōʻea wale i ke kūlana haʻawina, ua hoʻopauʻia ma ka hopena o Kepakemapa a me kaʻOkakopa.
Hōʻikeʻia nā mea ho'āla piha ma hope o ka'ōlū e moe ana no kekahi mau mahina.
Ma lalo o nā kūpono kūpono, e pili ana i ka hoʻomehana honua (ʻole ka cella, refrigerator), hiki i kaʻohiʻo Meiʻo kaʻohi o nā hua likeʻole Vityaz.
ʻO nāʻano o ka'ōmaʻa o nā'ōleʻa he nui: Kandil Orlovsky, Babushkino, Berkutovsky, I hoʻomanaʻo iā Michurin a me Zavetny.
Kohoʻana
Uaʻike nā māla iʻikeʻole he kūponoʻole ia e ulu i keʻano o nā'ōleʻa i loko o ka māla. ʻO ke kinipopo-kūlohelohe o nāʻano varietal lāʻau (ʻaʻole pili pili pili!),ʻO ia ka mea e ulu nui loa i ka hopena oʻApelila - Mei, akā e ulu ana i nā manawa likeʻole.
ʻO keʻano o ka lāʻau'ōhiʻa o ka Vityaz cultivar he mea kūikawā,ʻo ka'āneʻe (kahi o ka momona me ka pollen) kahi e kū pono ana ma luna o ka pistil, i mea e hoʻomau ai i kaʻoluʻolu o ka pollen ma luna o lākou,ʻo ia hoʻi, ke hoʻopiliʻana ke kumu lāʻau iā ia iho.
He mea nui! Me keʻano o ka pollination, ka'āpana kūpono me nāʻanoʻohi ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka huaʻo Vityaz.
Vityaz
E noʻonoʻo e hoʻokaʻawale i kaʻike o ka'ōlaʻi a me ka hua.
ʻO Apple Vityaz i manaʻoʻia i ka manaʻo. Ke ulu nei ka ulu ʻaʻole i luna, akā ākea. Kaha i me nā lālāʻeleʻele heʻanoʻano kaumaha loa.
ʻO iaʻano hōʻailona e hanaʻia e kekahi pāpale kalahala o keʻano'ōmaʻomaʻo hohonu, ma lalo, e like me kahi willow.
Mai ke kumu nui i ka ikaika o nā lālā ikaika ma kahi'ākau'ākau, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ko lākou ikaika.
He nunui nā lau ma luna o ka lāʻau, ma keʻano o kahi ellipse, heʻuʻuku nā kiko'ī.
E nānā! Manaʻoʻia he maikaʻiʻole ia no ka meaʻuʻuku nā hoʻouluʻohana.
ʻO ka nui o nā lepe ma luna o ke kuhi. Paʻa ke kaumaha kokoke 200 grams. ʻO keʻano o ka'ōpala a puni ka conical. ʻO ke kumu o ka "Vityaz" keʻanoʻeleʻele e like me ke kumu o kahi lāʻau, akā he pālaha ke kele.
I ka manawa o kaʻohiʻana, he'ōmaʻomaʻo uliuli ka'ōmole me nāʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula. Ma mua o ka manawa, e lilo i mele melemele. He māmā ke kino, heʻano kaulike ka nui.
ʻO keʻano o ka'ōpiopio a Apple,ʻaʻole iʻoluʻolu loa, me ka huhū. ʻO ke kī o ka'ōpiopio hiki i ke kau waena o Kekemapa. Hoʻomaʻa ia i kāna meaʻai, nā meaʻai a pau a hiki i nā lā maʻamau o Mei.
ʻO nāʻano o kēia mauʻano e hiki ke kaena i ka nui o ka meaʻai a me ka nui o nā huaʻai: Belarusian Malinovaya, Orlovsky Pioneer, Moscow Winter, Young Naturalist a me Nastya.
Hoʻomāʻau hanauna
Ua hānaiʻiaʻo "Vityaz" e Isaev i loko o ka manawa hana o Moscou ma loko o ka māla uluʻo Lomonosov Moscow State University.
Ua pili nuiʻo ia i ka kohoʻana o nā pāpā mākua, e kāpae ana i nāʻano likeʻole mai nāʻano'ē aʻe, nā wahi mamao'āina.
Ua ho'āʻoʻo kaʻepekema e hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī o ka michurin o nāʻano Michurin ma o ka heleʻana i nā mea kanu e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā wela haʻahaʻa maikaʻi.
No laila, uaʻike ka Naita i ka manawa i ulu aiʻo Anis Striped, mai ka wā kahiko e ulu ana ma ka moku Volga, ua hele pū me Pepin saffron, i loaʻa mua iā Michurin.
Ke kaiaulu ulu
Mea mālamaʻo Vityaz i ka'ōlikai me ka emiʻana o ka mahana ma ka hoʻoilo a -40 mau kekelē, inā ma lalo - pale.
ʻO ke kumu, ua uluʻo Vityaz i nāʻano hua likeʻole i Central Russia, zoned ma nā moku āpauʻole.
No kaʻoi aku o ka'ākau'ākau me kahi pōkole pōkole,ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa, no ka meaʻaʻole i lawa ka wela no ka mālaʻana, hiki ke kala i ka lei aliʻi i nā huluhu nui.
No ka kanuʻana i Central Russia,ʻo nāʻano o ka'ōʻahi ma hope nei he mea maikaʻi loa ia: Calvil Snow, Cinnamon New, Early Red, Apple Apple a me Dessert Petrov.
Hoʻokaʻaʻike
E hāʻawi
Hōʻikeʻia kēia hōʻike ʻanoʻano nui Vityaz. I ke kolu o ka makahiki ma hope o ke kanuʻana,ʻo ka mea kanu eʻohi i kā lākou hua mua ʻO nā lālā i uhiʻia me nā hua.
E hoʻonui i ka palena 240 kg i kēlā me kēia kau. Nā hua mai nā lālā mai weheʻia i ka hoʻomakaʻana oʻOkakopa.
ʻO nāʻano momona likeʻole he mauʻano likeʻole: Welsey, Lobo, kaikamahine Pepinchik, Antey a me Jonagold.
Ke kanu a mālama
ʻAʻole wale nō ka kanuʻana, akā,ʻo ka mālamaʻana i ka lāʻau ohia ke koi aku i kahiʻano kūpono, no laila ponoʻoe eʻike i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona a me nā lula.
I ka manawa e kanu ai? ʻO ke kauwela a me ka'oʻai keʻano kūpono no ke kanuʻana i nā mea kanu. I kahi anuanu maikaʻi, ho'āʻo nā māla e hoʻololi i ka māla i ka hopena o Sepatemaba, ka pule mua oʻOkakopa.
Hāʻawiʻia kahi kumu'ōpiopio i ka manawa e piha i ka wai, e komo i ke aʻa, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka loaʻa o ke ola. Ināʻoe e hoʻolālā e lele i ka pūnāwai, ponoʻoe e hana i kēia a hiki i ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai ka'ōpuʻu o nā'ōpū.
Ma hea e kanu ai? ʻAʻole makemake ka'ōhiʻa i ka hauwai, nā wai kahe i kahi o ka wai. Pono kaʻilikai ma lalo oʻelua mau mika.
He maikaʻi ke kanu i kahi lāʻau ma luna o kahi puʻu. Pono pono kahi wahi, e'āponoʻia ka penumbra. ʻO ka loaʻaʻole o ka malamalama o ka lā e alakaʻi aku ai i kaʻoiaʻiʻo e pau i ka hua o ko lākou kō.
Pehea e kanu? ʻO ka Knight no nā lāʻau ikaika, e noi ana i kahi nui o kaʻai mai ka 20 a 25 mau mika mika. m. I ka kanuʻana i kahi kānanaʻaʻole kūpono ka nui e hōʻaho.
He mea nui eʻeli i kekahi puka o ka nui kūpono, ma kahi o 60 knm hohonu, e hoʻopiha i ke kikowaena me nā mea kanu manaila, humus. ʻO ka'ā'ī poʻo ke kū i 5 knm ma luna o ka papa honua.
I mea e noho maikaʻi ai ka lāʻau, pono ia eʻoki i nā pua a pau i ka pua mua.
I ka makahikiʻelua, e waiho i ka hapalua o nā mea hiki ke loaʻa. Mahalo i nā hana e like me kā Knight e loaʻa ai ka ikaika a ikaika.
I loko o ka punawai, hana lākou i ka mineral a me ka mea hoʻoulu lāʻau.
- urea (500g),
- humus (10 kg / m).
He mea nui ka hoʻoinu maikaʻiʻana i ka malamaʻo Iulai a meʻAukake no ka uku nui.,ʻelua kekeke e lawa (i ke kakahiaka, i ke ahiahi) hoʻokahi i ka pule.
Kū i kaʻauwai kau. No ka paleʻana i ke kumu'ōpiopio mai ka maloʻo, Heʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lepo i ka lepo.
IMPORTANT! ʻAiʻia ka paunu ma muli o ka momona waiwaiʻole.
ʻO nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha
ʻO ka naitaʻano kila kūpaʻa i ka pale. Akā,ʻaʻole i hoʻopauʻia ka uluʻana o ka puna ma mua o ka uluʻana. Ināʻikeʻoe i nā kiko ma nā lālā'ōpiopio, e huli mālie i loko o ka pāpaleʻeleʻele, e hoʻopau hou i kahi lāʻau'ē aʻe.
Ma waena o nā maʻi maʻamau paukū lepo (fungus). Ke uhi ia i ke kumu, e ulu ka lau (e like me ka pipiʻana i ka palaoa).
Pono i ka spraying, ka mea i manaʻo i wai waiā, he kōkua o colloidal sulfur (ʻelua hapa!).
Inā haʻalele ka lāʻau'ōleʻele i ka'ōmaʻomaʻu, pono hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻaʻia ka lepo, makemakeʻia ka waiwaiwai.
Ke nānā neiʻoe i nā lau i'ōwiliʻia i ka'ōhiʻa, i loko e noho nei kaʻenuhe? ʻIke i kaʻikeʻana ia apple moth. Pono e'āpanaʻia nā lau i hōʻinoʻia a puhiʻia.
ʻO ia mau mea'āpena e like me nā huaʻai hua, nā'ā'ī, nā'ūlili, a me nā pua puawai hikiʻole ke hōʻeha i kaʻino. Pono e hana i nā mea palekana e kū'ē iā lākou.
ʻO nā hua'ōpiopioʻo Vityaz i hoʻokumu iā ia iho ke kūpikipikoki kiʻekiʻe, kūpilikiʻi kūpaʻa. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoneʻeʻia nā hua nui mai ka lālā aʻai koke, e moe i lalo. A eia kēia me kā lākou.
Loaʻa iā lākou kā lākou leʻaleʻa iā Kekemapa. Hāʻawiʻia ka mea kiʻekiʻe, eʻoliʻoli nā'ōʻahi a hiki i ka hopena o ke kau. ʻO nā hua eʻae i ka halihaliʻana, he nani nā hiʻohiʻona.
ʻO ka meaʻuʻuku,ʻo ka'ōleʻa "nui" makemake i kahi āpau e hikiʻole i nā mea mahiʻai keʻai.
