Nā Kinohi a me nā Māla Pāʻani: Nāʻano, Nā Āhuana, Hoʻopilikia a me ka Hoʻoponopono

Pākuʻi - nāʻona liʻiliʻi o ka hymenoptera. He nui ka helu, nui lākou i ka wikiwiki.

Hiki iāʻoe ke hālāwai me lākou ma kahi o nā kihi a pau loa o ka honua nei: ma nā wao nahele o Amazonia,ʻEulopa, maʻAmelika Hema, a ma nā wahi a puni o Rusia. ʻO nā kuhi wale nōʻo Antarctica a me kekahi mau moku mamao loa.

Nā huahana:

Tuhinga o Rusia
ʻOhi
Māla nani (palaualelo)
Ke koko
ʻO nā mea hōʻiliʻili
Ka pōmaikaʻi a me ka pōʻino
Hoʻokaʻaʻike
Nā mea pono

ʻO ke ola i loko o ke aniani

Noho nā kūpuna i nāʻohana ma nā pūnana, nā meaʻalo, nā mea i hoʻonohonohoʻia ma ka honua, ka lāʻau, ma lalo o nā pōhaku. ʻO nā kino he mau mea i hoʻonohonohoʻia. ʻO kahiʻohana (kahi kolo) kekahi hale paʻahao me ka māhele māhele o nā kuleana ma waena o nā lālā.

E like me nā "āpau a pau o ka nohona", he māhele ko ka pī 3 hoʻolei:

wahine (mō'īwahine a mō'īwahine paha). Ke komo nei lākou i ka hoʻokomoʻana i nā hua (puka mai nā kāne mai nā hua mai i hoʻohuiʻia, nā wāhine e hele mai nā mea i hānaiʻia). Aia i loko o ka pūpū he mau'ēheu e lele koke koke aku ma hope koke iho o ka holoʻana. Ua like ka nui o nā wāhine Ant i nā kānaka'ē aʻe i kahi hōʻailona, ua nui aku lākou ma mua o nā kāne a me nā mākeke. ʻO ka Mō'īwahine wale nō ka lōʻihi o ke kolonā;

HELP! Hoʻokahi wale nō manawa e loaʻa ai ka paʻiʻana i ka wahine, ua lawa ka sperm iā ia e hānau i ka hua i kona ola (10-20 mau makahiki).

nā kāne. ʻO kā lākou hana wale nō ka komoʻana i ka piliʻana. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ua lukuʻia lākou e ko lākou mauʻohana pono'ī mai kahi hōʻailona. He mau liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wāhine, akā he mau'ēheu kekahi. ʻO ko lākou ola hope wale nō he mau pule wale nō;
pōkole (foragers). ʻO kēia mau wāhine hoʻokahi, aia wale nō me kahi'ōnaehana hānau. ʻO nā kuleana o nā mea hōʻeuʻeu,ʻo ia ka mālamaʻana i kaʻohana, ka meaʻai pono, a me nā keiki e hiki mai ana. ʻAʻohe o lākou'ēheu, heʻuʻuku loa lākou ma mua o ka wahine. He nui ka poʻe paʻahana he mau pipi koa (ua hoʻonuiʻia ko lākou mau āwae a me ko lākou poʻo nui), hana lākou i nā hana a pau o nā limahana, akā i waena o nā mea'ē aʻe e pale i ko lākou pūnana mai nā'āpana o nāʻenemi.

HELP! ʻAʻole nā māne a pau he māhele māhele i nā castes.

Eia kekahi laʻana, nāʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a me nā pharaohu pāʻani e kūkulu i kā lākou iho "ʻoihana": mai ka hānauʻana, mālama lākou i kā lākou mau keiki, a laila hoʻonohonoho lākou i ke anuanu, a ma ka hopena o ko lākou ola e loaʻa ka meaʻai.

Tuhinga o Rusia

Noho ka moku o Rusia iʻoi aku i 300 mauʻano pipi. ʻO ka mea maʻamau:ʻo ka ululāʻau,ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele pahū, a me nā mea hōʻoki a me nā mea kanu.

ʻOhi

Aia nāʻano likeʻole o kēiaʻano:

ka'āpana'ākau uila. He'ōwele nui loa kēia, 7-14 mm ka lōʻihi. He palupalu ke kumukānāwai, he poʻo nui, heʻeleʻele ka'ōpū a me ka'ā'ī, keʻalani ke koena o ke kino. Noho ia i loko o ka coniferous, ka palahalaha a me nā ululaau ulu. Nā mea hana paʻahana. ʻO nā wīwī i kūkuluʻia e lākou i kekahi manawa e piʻi iʻelua mau mika aiʻole ke kiʻekiʻe. Ua makemake nā'ōpiopioʻulaʻula e noho like me hoʻokahiʻohana,ʻo ia hoʻi, ma hope o ka hoʻoikaikaʻana,ʻaʻole e kūkulu kahi wahine i lele mai ka punana mai ka punana i kahi pānaʻi hou, akā e hoʻi i konaʻohana. No ke mō'īwahine, ua laweʻia kahi lālā mai kahi pūnana, kahi i hānai ai i nā hua hou. ʻO ka helu o kahi hōʻailona i nāʻulaʻula ulaula hiki ke piʻi i kahi miliona miliona;

ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele aʻeleʻele. ʻO nāʻano likeʻole o ka nahele. Keʻano liʻiliʻi loa ka nui. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kaʻupena he 5-8 mm wale nō. ʻO kaʻeleʻele a me ke oho hina. Nānāʻia nā kaupale ma lalo o nā pōhaku. Inā kūkulu ia i nā mea pīpī, heʻuʻuku loa. Heʻuʻuku ka heluna o nā kolemu o kēiaʻano, no ka wā o nā wāhine ma hope o ka uluʻana o ka uluʻana i ka uluʻana a me ka kūkuluʻana i nāʻohana hou;

Māla nani (palaualelo)

'Okoʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO kona lōʻihi he 3-5 mm. Heʻeleʻele ka lau. Mālama nā māla i nā pūnana i nā lāʻau palahalaha kahiko a me ka lepo (puʻu kiʻekiʻe). Ma hope o ko lākou maleʻana,ʻaʻole e hoʻi i kā lākou mō'īwahine-mō'īwahine i ka poʻeʻaha, akā e hana hou i kahi colony,ʻoiai, me ke kōkuaʻoleʻia o ka hanaʻana i nāʻalo. Ma nā mō'ī o kēiaʻano he 28 makahiki ka lōʻihi o ka noho olaʻana.

Ke koko

ʻO ia no ka genot campotonus. Ma ka moku'āina o ka Russian Federation, he mau mea ola nui nā meaʻeleʻele a me ka nani. He nunui ka poʻe lole i ka nui, hiki ke lōʻihi i ka 11-12 mm. ʻO nā kumu nui a me nā forest coniferous. No ka kūkuluʻana i nā pūnana, makemake lākou i nāʻelemakule, nā lāʻau i hāʻule, nā'ōpiopio a me nā lālā maloʻo. Hele mālie i ka honua. Noho lākou i nāʻohana liʻiliʻi me ka'ōpū hoʻokahi.

ʻO ka helu o kekahi kolonā kahi i kokoke He 5-8,000 kānaka.

ʻO nā mea hōʻiliʻili

Ua like ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino. mai 5 a 10 mm. He poʻo nui ko lākou a mākaukau i nā iwi, a pono lākou e'ō'ō i nā mea kanu a me ka palaoa (ka kumu kumu o ka poʻeʻokiʻoki). Noho ka poʻe'okihue i nā kolepa nui. Ua kūkuluʻia nā hanana ma lalo o ka lepo. ʻO ka hapanui o nā manawa, hiki ke loaʻa nā kauhale ma kaʻaoʻao o nā alanui a ma nā kula. ʻO nā keikikāne'ōpio a me nā kāne o kēia mau kānaka i ka wā maʻamau i loko o ke anuanu, me ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka pūnāwai (ʻoiai e paʻa ka lepo) e lele i waho o ka punana no ka hoʻonohonohoʻana i nā kolemu hou.

Ka pōmaikaʻi a me ka pōʻino

Ma keʻano,ʻaʻole wale nā pōʻinoʻeha a pōmaikaʻi paha. Aia kekahi mauʻano e hiki ai i kekahi mea ke hoʻopōmaikaʻi i ke kanaka aiʻole e hoʻoulu i nā pilikia he nui.

ʻO ka ululaau ulu i heluʻia ma ka Red Book, ma keʻano he mea pale nui o nā ululāʻau mai nā meaʻeha. Ma kaʻaiʻana i kekahiʻano o nā meaʻehaʻeha e hoʻomaka ai i ka hānauʻana, ulu nā māla ulu i kāna pālahalaha hou. Eia hou, ua wehe pono nā limahana hanaʻole i ka lepo, a hoʻopihaʻia me ka oxygen. A he pāʻani nui nō hoʻi i ka laina meaʻai,ʻo ia ka meaʻai nui no nā manu o nā ululāʻau. ʻO ka waiʻona i hunaʻia e nā'ūle e hoʻohana nuiʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau: ma luna o ia mea, hoʻomākaukauʻia nā hana hoʻomākaukau no ka rumatika, ka lōʻihi o kaʻeha, a me ka maʻi.

A no nā kauwela wale nō ʻO nā'ūlaʻulaʻula heʻino maoli:ʻO kaʻaiʻana o kēia poʻe no ka hapa nui he papa (maikaʻi o aphids). Mālama nāʻale i kahi aphid, kanu i nā mea nui a lawe pū me lākou i ka meaʻae a no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka Aphids ka mea e pōʻino nui ai nā kīhāpai a me nā kīhāpai, e luku ana i nā mea kanu a pau. No laila, i kaʻikeʻiaʻana o kēia mau mea ulu o ka ulu lāʻau i nā mea hoʻolālā e hoʻopilikia maoli ai.

ʻO ka ant ant. ʻAʻohe kānalua i kaʻino mai kēia'ōpala ma mua o ka maikaʻi. Ma hope o ka nohoʻana i loko o nā kīhāpai, ua hauʻoli lākou i kaʻaiʻana i nā hua o nā kumu lāʻau, i ka hoʻolūʻana i ka nectar mai nā pua mai, e'ānai ana iā lākou. A eia hoʻi, e like me nāʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula, ua hānaiʻia nā pua'ōpihi.

ʻAhu'āpoki He pōmaikaʻi nui kona i nā kohu wahine, kahi i hoʻolaha nui aku ai i nāʻano o nā mea kanu. Akā inā e hānaiʻia kēia mauʻeleʻele e pili ana i kahakai kahi e hahi ana i ka huapalapala,ʻo ia ka mea e hōʻeha nei i kahi pōʻino nui.

Nā'āpana lāʻau maikaʻi i ka hoʻopōʻinoʻana i nā'ōpala, nāʻeha pīkoi, a me nā larvae e noho ana ma lalo o ka lāʻau. Akā, auwē, inā koho nā mea kanu lāʻau no kā lākou papa i kūkuluʻia i nā papa, i hoʻopaʻaʻia i loko o kahi haʻuki a i loko paha o ka pā o kahi hale noho. E kaomi i ka lāʻau mai loko a hoʻololi i ka lepo, hana lākou i nā mea hale iʻole e pono ke hoʻohana. Hiki i nā pahuhopu nui ke laweʻia mai e nā mea hakakā a ke kanaka, kū pololei ma loko o ka lumi noho. ʻO ka mea maʻamau i loko o nā hale e loaʻa mai i kā lākou mau mea hao, nā lako, nā puka, nā lāʻau lāʻau.

Hāʻawi nāʻale i kahi pilikia i kahi kanaka wale nō ma ka noho kokokeʻana iā ia. ʻAʻole hiki i ke ola ke ola a ulu me ka loaʻaʻole o kēia mau mea paʻahana. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo i kēia no ka manawa e makemake ai e neʻe a luku i kahi mea pīpī e like me kēlā, no ka hauʻoli.