ʻO nā mea i kohoʻia e nā holoholona no ka mahiʻaiʻana e hoʻokumuʻia ma luna o nā huahana a me waho o nā holoholona wale nō, akā, no ka pono o ka'āina noho a me nā kūlana e pili ana i kēiaʻano.
E noʻonoʻo i ka hopena o nā pipi i kūpono i ka hānauʻana ma ka'āpana Belgorod.
Nāʻanoʻokoʻa o nā bipi wahine o ka'āpana Belgorod
He kaulana loa kaʻoihana mahiʻai ma kēia māhele'āina. No ka hānauʻana o nā bipi, he nui nāʻano kaulana o kēia mau holoholona i kēia wahi: Holstein, red-motley a me nāʻano hanauna Simmental. No ka hānaiʻana iā lākou, ponoʻoe eʻike i nāʻano o kēlā me kēiaʻano. E noʻonoʻo nui kākou i kēlā me kēiaʻano.
Golshtinsky
ʻO ka moʻomeheu Holstein ka mea maʻamau ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻohuiʻia nāʻano laʻau a me nā meaʻai. 
ʻO ka moʻokāʻau hiwahiwa
Ma ka waenakonu o ke kenekulia 19, ua kūʻai aku kekahi mea mahi'āinaʻAmelika,ʻo Winsrop Chenery, i nā holoholonaʻeleʻele iʻeleʻeleʻia maʻEulopa. ʻO nā holoholona i nui loa ka waiū o ka waiū, no laila ua kono ka mea mahiʻai i nā mea hoʻolaha e hoʻonui i kēiaʻano.
Hiki paha iāʻoe keʻike me ka ho'ākāka 'ana i nā momona o Holstein.
I ka makahiki 1871, ua hoʻokumuʻia kekahi hui e aʻo i nā pipi Holstein-Frisia, i hanaʻia i ka lehulehu, ka hoʻomaikaʻi a me ka hoʻopukaʻana o kēiaʻano. Ma ia hope mai ua kaulana nā bipi i ka United States. I ka makahiki 1983, ua hoʻoholoʻia kekahi manaʻo hoʻoholo e pili ana i ka inoa inoa -ʻo ka Holstein pua.
Keʻano
ʻO keʻano o kēia pipi,ʻo ia ka mea iʻikeʻia: heʻanoʻeleʻele kaʻeleʻele, a heʻano okoa loa kēlā me kēia. Eia kekahi laʻana, hiki ke hānauʻia kahi keiki bipi e lilo iʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, koe naʻe nā'ōkō keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi i hikiʻole keʻikeʻia. 
Ma waho aʻe o ka hanaʻana i ka waiū nui, he nui ke kaumaha o kēia mau hōkū. No laila,ʻo ka wahine he 750 kilokani, he bipi - 950 kg. Akā inā he meaʻai ke kumu o ka hānauʻana o kēia mau bipi, hiki iā lākou ke momona a hiki i ka 1200 kg.
Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻO ka bipi momona loa i ka honua, i kapaʻiaʻo Mount Katadin, he 2270 kilokani.ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe ma nā meaʻeleʻele o nā bipi he 160 knm, aʻo 145 female ka wahine o ka wahine. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino ke kauwaʻi: he mau bipi i oʻo i ka 1.7 m,ʻo nā wahine - a hiki i ka 1.5 m.
Nānā: he mau pipi no nā holoholona i ka momona Holstein
Nā huahana huahana
ʻO kēia'ōpiopio ka mea maʻalahi loa no ka mea he nui ka nui o ka huahana.
Milk hana i kēlā me kēia makahiki: ʻo 10,000 paha.
Ka nui o ka waiū i kēlā lā i kēia lā: ma kahi o 20 l.
Manaʻo Milk: maikaʻi,ʻono.
Milk momona: 2,7-3 %.
ʻO ka nui o ka protein i ka waiū: 3-3,5 %.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka waiwai nui, kiʻekiʻe - ma o 15 mau mahina i loaʻa iā lākou i kahi 380 kg.
ʻAi i kaʻiʻo: kokoke i 60% ma ke kaupaona o ka bipi. 
No laila, ua loaʻa i kēia mau bipi kekahi o nā mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma waena o nā bipi e pili ana i kaʻaiʻana, ka paona a me ka waiū.
Paipai mākou iāʻoe eʻike i nāʻano processing a me nāʻano o ka waiū bipi, a me ka noʻonoʻo i nāʻano o kekahi mau waiu waiu.
ʻO Red-motley
ʻO ka bipiʻulaʻula a me keʻokeʻo konaʻano like me ka hanauna Holstein, no ka mea, mai ka wahine mai i kohoʻia ai.
ʻO ka moʻokāʻau hiwahiwa
Loaʻa i nā bipi kauōʻo Holstein, ka mea i hāʻawi i kekahi hueʻulaʻula i nā keiki bipi. I ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i kēia, ua hoʻoholo ka poʻe hoʻoholo e lawe mai i kahiʻanoʻokoʻa me kēiaʻahu. I ka makahiki 1998, ua hoʻonohonohoʻia nā pua ulaʻula a me keʻokeʻo i loko o ka puke puke. 
Keʻano
He nui a me ka kiʻekiʻe nā holoholona a kēia bipi: heʻewalu kaukani ka bipi a me ka bipi he 700-800 kg, akā he 145 knm ka lōʻihi o ka wahine a me ka wahine 160 cm. ma mua o nā'ūhā.
He mea nui! Me kaʻaiʻole,ʻaʻole e kaumaha wale ka bipi i ka bipi, akāʻaʻole e hāʻawi i ka waiū.
Ke kapaʻia ka laka heʻulaʻula, a heʻulaʻula keʻano o ka holoholona me nā pāpale keʻokeʻo e hiki ke kaʻawale loa. ʻO keʻano o kaʻona he ipu kapu,ʻo kona nui he kiko. 
Nā huahana huahana
ʻO nā huahana hua nui o kēiaʻano puaʻa e hōʻikeʻia ana e nā kuhikuhi i lalo.
Milk hana i kēlā me kēia makahiki: kokoke 8 500 kilokika.
Ka nui o ka waiū i kēlā lā i kēia lā: ma kahi o 17 l.
Manaʻo Milk: uaʻoi aku ka momona ma mua o Holland mau bipi, akā uaʻoluʻolu.
Milk momona: 3,8-4 %.
ʻO ka nui o ka protein i ka waiū: 3,5 %.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka waiwai nui, ke kiʻekiʻe - he keiki bipi'ōpiopio i hiki ke kaumaha i kahi 480 kg.
ʻAi i kaʻiʻo: kokoke 50-60%. 
Hiki i nā hōʻike keʻano likeʻole ma muli o nā holoholona a me ka meaʻai.
Hoʻomākaukau
Uaʻikeʻia ka pua Simmental no ka hoʻohuiʻana iʻelua mauʻano nui - ka hua waiū a me kaʻiʻo pepehi. ʻO kēia mau hōʻailonaʻelua he kiʻekiʻe loa.
ʻO ka moʻokāʻau hiwahiwa
ʻAʻole iʻike maopopoʻia ka moolelo o ka hānai, akāʻelua mauʻano nui. 'Ōlelo ka mea mua i kēia mau bipi i nā huakaʻi hihiu, hele lākou me nāʻano bipi likeʻole o Swiss. ʻO ka lua o nā hōʻike e pili ana kēia mau mīkini i nā bipi bipi Scandinavian, i hele mai i Suedena i ka V V.
Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻO kaʻano o Simmental kekahi o nā mea mua ma ka Honua.
ʻO ka inoa o nā bipi e hele mai ana mai ka moku Swiss mai o Simme, ma nā kapa o ka holoholona i ulu pinepineʻia. 
Keʻano
ʻO ka momona o kēiaʻano he mea i kaʻili a iʻole kaʻaila, me ke kaulaʻalani me nā papa keʻokeʻo ma nāʻano likeʻole. He 160 knm ka lōʻihi o ke kino,ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe i ka momona o nā wahine he 150 knm, a he 165 ka huina kāne.
He ākea ka pahu, he haʻahaʻa, he umauma'ōpiopio nā kāne. ʻO ke kaumaha o ka wahine he 600 kg, ke kāne - mai 800 a 1000 kg, akā me ka hānaiʻana i nā meaʻai hiki iā ia ke piʻi i ka 1300 kg.
Pono nā mea mahiʻai e heluhelu hou e pili ana i nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pōʻinoʻole o kaʻohana holoholona Simmental.
Nā huahana huahana ʻO nāʻano o kēiaʻano puaʻa he mau koina kiʻekiʻe.
Milk hana i kēlā me kēia makahiki: ʻO 7,500 kilokilo, ua hoʻopaʻaʻia ka maximum i kahi o 12,000 kg.
Ka nui o ka waiū i kēlā lā i kēia lā: ʻo kahi 15 mau lita
Manaʻo Milk: haʻahaʻa,ʻoluʻolu, he liʻiliʻiʻuʻuku. 
Milk momona: 4,1 %.
ʻO ka nui o ka protein i ka waiū: 3,3 %.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka waiwai nui, ʻo ka awelika - ma 18 mahina o ka makahiki he 343 kg.
ʻAi i kaʻiʻo: 55 %.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui loa e wehewehe ana i nā mea o kēiaʻano lāhui mai nā mea'ē aʻe,ʻo ia kaʻoluʻolu mālie a me ke ano o ka waiū, aʻo ka poʻe kūpuna i hānai i ka mauʻu mai nā māla o Alpine.
Ka mālama a hānaiʻana i nā pipi ma ka home
Pono nā wānana e hōʻoia i kahi ola maikaʻi: he wahi ākea, hoʻomaha maikaʻi, me ka lawa o ka mālamalama, i ka hoʻoilo he mea wela.
Manaʻo,ʻo kekahi o nā mea e pili ana i ka holomua o ka hānaiʻana i nā bipi, he mauʻoluʻolu no ka mālamaʻana. E aʻo pehea e kūkulu ai i kahi hale pona, a me pehea e hana ai i ka corral a me ka ventila i loko o ka hale me nā lima pono'ī.
Heʻokoʻa ka mālamaʻana i nā holoholona ma muli o ke kau. I ke kauwela, pono e hoʻolako iā lākou me kahi koopoo iʻole e noho ka holoholona i ka lā no ka lōʻihi, pono pono e mālama pono i ke komoʻana i ka wai. ʻO nā bipi i ka wao nahele heʻelua i ka lā. I ka hoʻoilo, e hoʻomehana maikaʻi ka hale paʻawa, akā, no ka hoʻonaneaʻia. 
Pono e mālamaʻia kaʻohiʻaiʻana o kahi hānai e like me ka mea haumia, no ka mea, ua ulu koke ka bacteri i loko o iaʻano. Hoʻomaʻaʻia nā kīʻaha i ke kauwela wale nō, akā pono nā wahine e holoi i ka moa ma mua a ma hope o kaʻili. Pono i nā manawa a pau e mālama i ka nānāʻana o nā holoholona i mea eʻike ai i nā maʻi i ka manawa a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻoponopono kūpono.
Hāʻai lākou i nā holoholona iʻekolu manawa i ka lā, ke kumu o kaʻaiʻo nā meaʻai (kaʻohi, legumes, mancake), a me nā mea kanu, nā mea kanu, nā aʻa a me nā mea ulu.
E heluhelu e pili i ka hanaʻana i nā mea maloʻo no nā kau maloʻo a me nā waiū.
No laila, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻoholo i loko o ka'āpana Belgorod e loaʻa ana nāʻano bipi he nui loa, a he nui nā uku ma kaʻai a me ka meaʻai. ʻAʻole makemake kēia mau holoholona i ke kūlana kūikawā a he kūpono i nā maʻi.
