Kapaʻiaʻo ia ka "diamondʻeleʻele". ʻAʻole ona kaulike i ka uku a me ka meaʻono. Akā,ʻaʻole hiki i nā gourmets ke uku i kēia meaʻai maikaʻi. ʻO ka hapa nui o Ukrainians, uaʻikeʻo ia wale nō ma nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni e pili ana i ka mea Farani a me ka hōʻikeʻai. ʻOiaiʻo nā'ōpū haʻalulu iʻikeʻole i keʻano o keʻano o kēiaʻano meaʻano haʻalulu.
He aha kēia?
ʻO ka Truffle pili i nā hauhi kūkā. Hoʻoulu i lalo kona mauʻano i ka lepo aʻano like me nā'ōpatoʻuala. Ma waho,ʻaʻole lākou i kahi maikaʻi loa: hiki i kaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele ke leʻoleʻa, kaʻiʻia a uhiʻia me nā kīhā pyramidal. ʻO ka pulp i loko o ka māhele e like me keʻano o ke kinikini no kaʻano likeʻole o nāʻano likeʻole a me nā māmā pouli. ʻO ke kala o ka "kelepona" e pili ana i kaʻano o ka haʻiki a hiki ke keʻokeʻo, kaʻeleʻele, ke kokoleka a me ka hina. Mai ka wōnati i ka uala nui.
ʻO nā'ōpala he mau puʻupuʻu maʻamau, aʻaʻole lākou e maʻalahi ke loaʻa. Ke ulu nei lākou i lalo i lalo o ka 30 knm, i ka manawa wale nō iʻikeʻia nā hahi kahiko ma luna o ka lepo. Eia kekahi,ʻaʻole lākou ulu i nā ululāʻau. Kōkua lākou i ka lepo a me ka lāʻau, i ke kumu e ola ai lākou. No ka "noho lōkahi"ʻo nā loiloi pinepine koho i ka lāʻau'oko a me ka ulu a me ka mycorrhiza me lākou, aiʻole ka hana kūpono. Hāpai ka lāʻau i ka mushroom me nā meaʻai, aʻo ka mycelium, a me ka mycelium, ke hoʻopili i ka aʻa a kōkua iā ia e hoʻoulu i ka paʻakai a me nā paʻakai kolake.
ʻO nā pūlaʻi aliʻi, e like me kā lākou i kāheaʻia, he hāhū pū i keʻano mushroom me kahi'ōpala. Lawe lākou i kahi mea'alaʻolu kūpono e ikaika loa ai i hiki ai i nā pāpale ke hoʻoweliweli. ʻO lākou e hoʻomākaukau i nā kīʻaha kūʻokoʻa a me nā meaʻai. Hāʻawiʻia lākou me kaʻiʻo a me ka iʻa. Hiki maikaʻi lākou me ka lihi, nā huaʻai a me nā hua. ʻO kaʻai maʻamau loa, e like me nā dumplings a me ka sandwich, me ka hoʻohui o truffle lilo i meaʻono.
Keʻike neiʻoe? Manaʻoʻia he hiki i nā loiloi ke loaʻa ka hopena psychotropic ma muli o ke anandamide i loko o ia mea, a heʻano like ia i ka wīwī.
Ma hea kahi e ulu ai nā moa?
Hoʻoulu ka Truffles ma ka honua a puni: ma'Europa,'Asia,'ArokekaʻAkau, a meʻAkau'Ākau. ʻO kēlāʻano kēiaʻano me kona wahi noho pono'ī. ʻO Pele Pele ulu i loko o nā lāʻauʻoka, nā ululāʻau huluhulu a me nā pepeho ma ke kūkulu hema o France,'Ātalia'ākau, ma Sepania a me Suedena.
ʻO ke kauwela kauwela (heʻeleʻele hoʻi) i hoʻokaʻawaleʻia ma Central Europe, Scandinavia, Central Asia, Russia a me Crimea. ʻO nā huahana o ka moa kauwela a me nāʻanoʻano'ē aʻe o kēia mushroom e loaʻa ana ma Ukraine: ma Transcarpathia, nā Carpathians, ma ka Vinnitsa a me nā wahiʻo Kiev, kahi e ulu ai nāʻolo a me nā ulu lāʻau.
ʻO kahi loiloi loa kahi loaʻa o ka meaʻanaka haipule, pinepineʻoe e loaʻa i nā halaʻi keʻokeʻo, chanterelles, puaʻa, hawal aspen, haroha maʻemaʻe, haʻalulu, nā haroʻa a me ka musk elk.
Malia paha ma nā wahi'ē aʻe o ko mākou'āina,ʻaʻohe lāhui iʻike no ia mea. ʻO ia ka mea, no kaʻikeʻole, hānai lākou i nā holoholona āpau me kēia mau'āhiʻi pua nani. No kaʻikeʻana i nā'ōhiʻu lalo, hoʻohanaʻia keʻano hana kahiko: nā puaʻa a me nā'īlio i hoʻonaʻauaoʻia.
Hoʻokani ka pua i ka meaʻai no ka 20-25 m, akā e hoʻopau lākou i ka papa luna o ka lepo aʻai pinepine i ka mea i loaʻa. No laila, ua makemake pinepineʻia nā'īlio, akā pono lākou e aʻo i ka lōʻihi. Hiki iāʻoe ke hana me kaʻole o kēia mau kōkua, ke kau aku i nā laumeʻaʻeleʻele e kau ana i nā hua ma kahi kokoke i nāʻanoʻoloʻolo ma luna o kēia wahi.
Hiki paha ke ulu ma ka home?
ʻO ka nīnau inā hiki iāʻoe ke kanu i nā loiloi i kou iho ma ka home pono i kēia mau lā no nā kumuʻelua. ʻO ka mea mua, he uku nui kēia no kēia huahana maikaʻi: mai 1000 hrynia i ka nui o nā Euro hekeli. ʻO ka lua, ma Ukraine, ua heluʻia kaʻolo ma ka Red Book,ʻo ia hoʻi he mea pāpāʻia ke hōʻiliʻili i ka nahelehele a kūʻai aku i ko mākou'āina.
Nā moalo kala hikiʻole ke hoʻokae i nā kumuhana. I ka hoʻohālikeʻana, ua hoʻolālāʻia nāʻanoʻeleʻele i'Europa a me Kina. No laila, i ka hoʻokumuʻana i nā kūpono kūpono, hiki iāʻoe ke loaʻa i ka mea ulu i ka home.
Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻOiai uaʻai muaʻia nā truffles ma Palani, akā, ua hoʻomakaʻia kā lākou mahiʻai ma kaʻaoʻao hema o ka moku Lūkini ma lalo o Peter I. I hānaiʻia e nā'Āina'āina a kūʻai aku iā lākou i nā Farani, a ua aʻo nui lākou i kēia ma hope aku.
Nā mea ulu
Hiki i nā lola ulu ke holomua i ka home. ʻO kēia ka mea e pono ai kahi kūpono kūpono, ka lepo a me kahi lāʻau e aloha ai ka mea kanu.
ʻO ke aniau
He mea nui kēia kūlana no nā'ōhiki no ka lāʻau o ka mea kanu, no ka laʻana, no kaʻoka. Keʻoluʻolu nei ka hoʻomehana honua o Ukraine ma kēiaʻano: he mahana a hoʻomaha. ʻO ka mahana wela e makemakeʻia he 22 ° C.
Ka hoʻomākaukauʻana o ka lepo
- ʻO ka lepo he one one-māmā, waiwai nui i loko o ka mineral e like me ka calcium, ka hauʻoli, ka hao a me ka sulfur.
- Pono e hoʻonuiʻia ka lepo me humus.
- E hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia ka honua i nā pōhaku a me nā mauhelehele a weheʻia.
- ʻAʻole pono i kahi mau mycelium ma kahi i waeʻia, e paio lākou kekahi i kekahi.
- ʻO ka pH lepoʻole e emi ma lalo o 7.5.
ʻO kaʻenehana mahiʻenehana Australian
Pehea a pehea e hana ai e ulu i ka meaʻaiʻala ma ka home,ʻike ka poʻe'Aselika. ʻO kā lākouʻenehana ka mea iʻoi loa ka holomua mai ka makahiki 1995. I loko o hoʻokahi makahiki, e hoʻonuiʻia he 4 kilokani i ka hectare, a ma 5-6 mau makahiki - e hiki i ka 20 kg.
Ua holomua kēia ala no kaʻoi aku o 20 mau makahiki i'Abelalia, kahi i loaʻaʻole ai nā truffles, a ma nā'āina'ē aʻe. Eia kekahi, e hua nui ia ma Ukraine, kahi e ulu ai nā hauhi a ulu i loko o ka nāhelehele. ʻO keʻano, nā koi waiwai a me nā hana mau e pono ai, ma nā makahiki mua. Akā, e uku loa ia, no ka uku o nā hamo i kēia manawa.
ʻO nā mea kanu maʻamau ka nui no ka uluʻana.
Ke kuʻikahi
ʻO nā'aleʻele maʻamau a me nā pōhaku a me nā'oloka'oloka, kahi maʻamau i Ukraine, kūpono no ia kumu. ʻO nā mea kanu o kēia mau lāʻau uaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka maʻi ma mua o nā'ōpiopio'ōpiopio,ʻoiaiʻaʻole lākou i hoʻomaka mua i ke kumukū, akā i ke kumu. ʻO ka Mycorrhiza e ulu pū me ia.
No ka maʻi e pono aiʻoe e kūʻai ʻO ka mycelium o kaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a hoʻoponopono i nā mea kanu no lākou. Hoʻomoeʻia lākou noʻelua mau pule ma kahi kūponoʻole, hāʻawi i ka mycelium i ka manawa e loaʻa ai ke aʻa. Ma hope o kēlā, kanuʻia nā mea kanu ma kahi pāʻina me ka lepo lepo. Noho ka hopena o Mycorrhiza i ka makahiki, a hiki i ka 20 cm ke kiʻekiʻe o nā wana, aʻo ke aʻa i 50cm ka lōʻihi. I kēia manawa a pau, ponoʻoe e pili i ka quarantine.
Ke kanuʻana i nā mea kanu
Hiki ke kanuʻia nā hua'ōpiopio me nā kāmele mycelium ma kahi ākea i ka hopena o ka puna. Pono e'ō aku ka lepo ma mua me nā lāʻau herbicides. ammonium glufosinate (hiki wawe ia i ka lepo).
He mea nui! ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokomo i nā momona ma mua o ka kanuʻana i nā ulu, no ka mea he meaʻino kēia i ka mycelium.
Pono i kēlā me kēia kamaliʻi ke lawa ka manawa,ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 500 mau'āpana heketa. Ponoʻia e pili i ka hoʻolālā - 5 a 4 mʻO ka hohonu o ka pukaʻaʻole i emi iho i ka 75cm, no laila e paleʻia ke kumu o ka lāʻau mai ka hau a me nā meaʻeha. Ua nininiʻia ka wai i loko o ka lua, ua uhiʻia ka'ōpuʻu i ka lepo, hoʻolālā a hoʻohāinu houʻia. Ma lalo o kēlā me kēia lāʻau, e hoʻopiha i ka mulch mai ka'āina ulu me nā lau o nā makahiki i hala aku nei i loko o ke aho he 40 knm a hoʻouhi i kēia wahi me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni.
ʻO ka mālama kula
ʻO nā makahikiʻelua ma hope o ka paeʻana Pono e mālama pono i nā kinona o ka pūnaewele. No kēia mea, he mea pono ia e kaua i ka nāhelehele. ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou keʻae i ka nānāʻana o nā meaʻeleʻele nui - ka lēpi a me ka puaʻa, a me nā'okena'ē aʻe no ka mea haʻalulu -'oloi a me ka pōʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele.
Fertilizing ka NPK-mea kanu nui a me kahi liʻiliʻi nui o nā micronutrient maniua - hao, magnesium, zinc, boron a me ke keleawe. 
He mea nui! No nā'ōpala'oloʻo, kokoke i ka willow, poplar, kenikona, lau, spruce, pine a me ka lime he mea weliweli.
ʻO kaʻohiʻana
Inā hiki i ka manawa e hōʻiliʻili i nā loiloi piha - hiki iāʻoe ke kuhikuhi i nā hōʻailonaʻekolu:
- aia nā'ōpuni i luna ma kahi kūpono;
- ʻo ka'āina ma luna aʻe o ka'ōhua ulu;
- maloʻo ka mauʻu i kēlā wahi.
Keʻike neiʻoe? I Inalia, hana i nā truffles. Wahi a nā haʻawina,ʻo ka unuhiʻana mai kēia mau halo i hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui i nā wrinkiki hohonu.
Peheaʻoe e ho'āʻo ai e ulu i kahi palekana me kou mau lima pono'ī i ka home! Akā inā i hana pono nā mea a pau, a laila e ukuʻia nā hana:ʻo ka "ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele" ma ka papa eʻoluʻolu iāʻoe me kaʻono a me ka meaʻonoʻole, a pēlā nō e kōkua iāʻoe e hoʻopiha i kā kāuʻohanaʻohana.
