He aha keʻano o samozheplodny?

ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi ma ka mahiʻaiʻana,ʻo ka hoʻonuiʻia o ka huaʻai, ma muli o nā kumu he nui - kaʻilikai, nā waiwai a me nāʻano o nā mea kanu, ko lākou hiki ke pollinate a me nā mea'ē aʻe. Aia kekahiʻano o nā lāʻau a me nā kumu liʻiliʻi e hiki ai ke hua i ka hua me ka waho waho o kahi o waho, a no nā mea'ē aʻe e kōkuaʻia. Ma kēiaʻatikala e ho'āʻo mākou e wehewehe i ka hopena o ka pollination i nā kumu huaʻai, e hoʻohālikelike heʻano momona ia a me nāʻano huahua, a me ka mea e hana ai i mea kanu maikaʻi.

Nā huahana:

• ʻO ke kai pono
• Hoʻohālike i ka mea momona
• ʻAʻohe ponoʻole
• Nā Ture Hoʻolālā Pollator
• Nāʻano pono'ī
• Kaumaka
• Keola
• E puhi
• ʻO Apple
• ʻO ka plum
• ʻO Abrikosov
• Pear
• ʻO nā hua
• Peach

ʻO ke kaʻina hana

I ka hoʻomakaʻana, e hoʻomaopopo i nāʻano o ka pollination o nā kumu lāʻau, he mea pono e hoʻomaopopo i keʻano o ka term pollination.

ʻO ka hoʻoholoʻana ka mea kanu i nā mea kanu. I loko o nā kala, e hoʻohuliʻia nā pūnaewele male ma keʻano o ka pollen, aia ma luna o nā kaha, i nā pistils a i nā'ōpena, kahi e waihoʻia ana nā pūmene pūlū wahine. A laila, ma kahi o ka manawa, ma kahi o lākou e ulu ai nā'ōpiopio a ulu ka hua. Hoʻohālikelike ka hopena ma nāʻano likeʻole -ʻo ka pollination a me ka pollination. Keʻokoʻa kēia mauʻano i ka wā i hoʻopuka muaʻia ai ka mea kanu ma keʻano hoʻokahi, i ka wā e ulu ai ka polu mai nā kukuna i nā pū o nā pua i loko o hoʻokahi lāʻau.

No ka'āpana pollination, kahi poli mai nā lāʻau pokepole (pollinators) e hoʻohanaʻia.

Nāʻano o ke kaulike-pollination:

• Entomophilia - nā'ōpala e lawe i ka pollen.
• Bestiality - pollination me ke kōkuaʻana o nā holoholona.
• Ke kāpili kūpili - ke komo ke kanaka i ka hana.
• Anemophilia - hoʻopiliʻia e ka makani.
• ʻO ka Hydrophilia - laweʻia ka pollen ma ka wai.

ʻO nā mea kanu i hānaiʻia me ke kōkuaʻana o nā holoholona a me nā'īkoi, he mau pua nani a nui. A o ka poe i poke i ke kokua o ka makani, ua oi aku ke kiekie, o ko lakou pua hoi maluna o ke kookoi a me na lau (e like me ke ano o ka palaoa) a ulu paha a hiki i ka wa e ikea na lau (poplar, birch). Eia kekahi ma waena o nā mea kanu he samoplodnye a me samobesplodnyeʻanoʻano. E hoʻomaopopo mākou i keʻano o kā lākou mau mea likeʻole.

Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻO ka'ōpala kahi mea kanu hoʻokahi. He pua nani kona. Aia nā pua male i luna, a aia nā pua wahine i ke kumu.

ʻO ke kai pono

ʻO nāʻano huahana pono'ī i ka manawa o ka pollination ka hoʻohana waleʻana i ka pollen o kā lākou mau pua me ka hanaʻole pollinators (e like me ka pi, a me nā lāʻau pili like paha).

ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi ma muli o keʻano kūikawā o ka pua (ʻo ka'opi e hoʻopiliʻia me kaʻino) a me ka hikiʻana o ka pollination a me ke'ōpiopio i mua o ka puaʻana o nā pua, hiki ke loaʻa ka hua ma lalo o nā kūlana.

Kūkuluʻia kēlāʻano ahupuaa ma keʻano he hoʻokahi, a he paʻa paʻa. Akā naʻe,ʻaʻole maʻalahi nā mea a pau e like me kā mākou makemake. ʻO ka mea maʻamau,ʻo nā hua o nā lāʻau pono'ī iho heʻuʻuku. No laila,'ōlelo nā mea kanuʻoihana i ke kanuʻana i nā pollinators kokoke iā lākou.

Hoʻohālike i ka mea momona

Aia kekahi hiʻohiʻona i ka mahiʻaiʻana - nā lāʻau halihali pono'ī, e pili ana i ka huliau, hiki ke loli i ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i nā kumu lāʻau a hāʻawi i ka hua liʻiliʻi. He koho waena kēia i waena o nāʻano samobzoplodny a me nāʻano samoplodny.

I loko o kahi lāʻau pono'ī,ʻo ka uluʻiʻana mai kona poli iho i kahi o 50% o nā pua, a ma kekahi hapaʻano huahua, i 20%. No laila,'ōlelo nā mea kanu i nā huaʻokoʻa pono'ī eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi inā loaʻa nā lāʻau'ē aʻe o ka hua hoʻokahi i ko lākou mau kaiāulu.

ʻAʻohe ponoʻole

Eʻike kākou i keʻano o kēia - heʻanoʻahaʻainaʻole a me keʻano o konaʻano. ʻO ka nui o nā kumulāʻau huahua,ʻo ia ka mea pono loa. ʻAʻohe lākou e hua i ka hua me ke kōkuaʻoleʻia o ka pollen mai nā lāʻau kokoke a me nā pi.

He mea nui! ʻO ka hua'ōlelo "noa" (cross-pollination) ka mea i loaʻa mai ka'ōlelo Helene kahiko (allos) "kekahi" a me (marriage) "marriage".

Ināʻaʻohe mea kūpono kūpono kokoke, e nui loa nā hua (kahi wale nō 4% o nā pua e hoʻomaʻamaʻa). No laila,ʻo ka māla me nāʻano samobzoplodnymiʻanoʻole e hua mai.

He mea nui loa kaʻike i keʻano o nāʻano pollinators e kanu ponoʻia ma kahi kokoke i kekahi, no kaʻikeʻole o kekahi mau lāʻau me kekahi i kekahi aʻaʻole i lawe mai i ka hopena i makemakeʻia.

Nā Ture Hoʻolālā Pollator

Ke kanuʻia i loko o nā mea pono'ī o kahi pono'ī, nā hua pono'ī a me nāʻanoʻano pono'ī o nā kumu lāʻau, i mea e pono ai ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana i nā manawa a pau, pono e koho pono i nā pollinators no lākou.

Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻO nāʻano he nui o nā lāʻau hua i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻolālā i loaʻa ka mana e palekana iā lākou iho mai ka hoʻoili pono'īʻana iā lākou iho (ʻaʻohe ulu o ka poli i kaʻino o ka pistil). Hana kēia i mea e pale ai i ka'ōpiopio mai ka lukuʻia. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, i ka manawa eʻikeʻia ai ka'ōlohelohe pono'īʻana i nā keiki monotonous. A no ka olaʻana ma muli o ka hoʻololi mauʻana i ka maluke a me nā loli, he pono keʻano o nāʻano. ʻO ia ke kumu ma nāʻano he nui aku nāʻano samobzlodnyh ma mua o kaʻoihana pono'ī.

Aia kekahi mau kulekele no ke kohoʻana i nāʻano likeʻole pollination:

• ʻO ka huapalapala,ʻo ka cherry cherum, aʻo ka plum paha, e hoʻopili maikaʻiʻia ināʻaʻole kahi keu o ka pollinator ma mua aʻe o ka 40 m. He mea nui hoʻi e uluʻole nāʻano lāʻau (apple, pear, apricot) ma waena o lākou. Hiki i nā beʻa ke lawe i ka pollen mai nā mea pollinators'ē aʻe, a ma kēiaʻano,ʻaʻole e hoʻohuiʻia.
• He maikaʻi ke kanuʻana i nā lāʻau o ka hua like i nā hui. A o ka mamao ma waena o lākouʻaʻole pono eʻoi aku ma mua o 4 m.
• Pono pono e noʻonoʻo i ke kohoʻana i nā wāninā a me ka manawa o ka pua. I waena o nā lāʻau me ka uluʻana o ka ulu mua, pono ke kanu i kahi lāʻau me ka welika o ka wā, a kanuʻia kekahi lāʻau ulu me ka mea kanu ulu. A laila, e hoʻokōʻia ka pollination, i mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka'ōnaehana'ōpiopio maikaʻi.
• ʻO Cherry "Vladimirskaya" pai pollinates cherry "Crimson", a no ka puana mua o "Robin" maikaʻiʻo "Shubinka".

• ʻO ka hapa nui o nā cheri a pau. No laila, iʻelua mau lālā e ulu ai ma ka pūnaewele ma lalo oʻelua mau lāʻau.
• Inā hiki ke kanu i kahi lāʻau wale nō, a laila he mea pono e kanu ia me nā lālāʻelua o nāʻano likeʻole. A laila, e hoʻopau i ka pua o ka lāʻau a pau i ka poli mai iā lākou. Hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻopaʻa wale i nā lālā lālā i ka lei.
• ʻAʻole i'ōleloʻia e kanu i nā cherries a me nā cherries. He mau lāhui likeʻole kēia, e hāʻawi ana i kaʻohi liʻiliʻi i ka hihia o ka paʻiʻana.
• No nāʻano popo o "Home"ʻaʻole kūpono i nā pollinators "Keʻanānia" aiʻole "Russian". Akā i waena o lākou, ua hui pūʻia kēia mauʻanoʻelua. ʻO ka paʻakikī, he mau momona me ka ulu mua a me ka puaʻana.
• ʻO ka nui o nāʻano lāʻau i loko o ka māla,ʻo ka nui o nā hua.
• ʻO ka hua o nā mea huaʻai a pau e ulu nui ma hope o ka'āpana.

Nāʻano pono'ī

Hiki ke hoʻopiliʻia nāʻano kumu lāʻau e ke kai me ka hanaʻole o ka pollinator. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ma muli o ka uluʻana a me ka pono o ka wā, hiki i kēlā mau lāʻau ke lilo i mea haʻahaʻa.

E nānā i nāʻano maikaʻi o nā plums pono'ī.

Eia kekahi ma keʻanoʻoihana, ua piʻi ka ulu o ka hua i nāʻanoʻano likeʻole o ka mea kanu likeʻole. ʻO nā lāʻau hua e halihali ana, e kūkākūkā kākou ma lalo nei.

Kaumaka

Hiki keʻaiʻia nā hua baina, ke kuke mai i kā lākou hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻoilo, nā meaʻai a me nā meaʻai'ē aʻe. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā cheri he mea hōʻeha ia. No laila, no nā wahi me nā kūlana kūpono no ka uluʻana o kēia moʻomeheu heʻano waiwai nui cherries.

ʻO kēia mauʻano:

• "Lubskaya";
• "Memory Mankeeva";
• "Volochaevka";
• "Bulatnikovskaya";
• "Kahili";
• "Hoʻomalu";
• "Apukhtinskaya";
• "Lot";
• "Brunette";
• "Ukrainian Griot";
• "Dessert Volga";
• "Tambovchanka";
• "Shakirovskaya";
• "Hoʻonui", a pēlā aku.

Keʻike neiʻoe? Ua manaʻoʻiaʻo Peresia ka makuahine cherries, a ua loaʻa nō hoʻi i ka Caucasus a ma nā kahakai o ka Moana Muli.

Keola

ʻO nā Cherie i ka kaulana i hele mamao loa mai ke cherry. ʻO kēia mau hua me kaʻonoʻono a ua kūpono ia no nā mea he nui.

ʻO nā mea maikaʻi ma waena o nāʻanoʻano cherriesʻano pono'ī he:

• "NĀ Hānau Homestead";
• Paleka;
• "Goryanka";
• "Tyutchevka";
• "Dunn";
• "Dolores";
• "Pridonskaya";
• "People Syubarova";
• "Slav" a me kekahi poʻe'ē aʻe.

E makemake anaʻoe eʻike e pili ana i nāʻano cherries likeʻole me "Leningradskaya Chernaya", "Krupnoplodnaya", "Valery Chkalov", "Regina", "Bull's Heart", "Revna", "Bryansk Pink".

E puhi

Pāleʻa-ʻono,ʻoluʻolu, huaʻala. ʻOiaʻiʻo,ʻike aʻike nā kānaka a pau i nā momona, no ka mea, he mea maʻamau kēiaʻano o ko mākou'āina. Hoʻohālike i nāʻano likeʻole, hiki iā mākou keʻike i nā manawa like.

ʻO ka nui o nā plums ka nui loa,ʻo ka nui o kaʻohiʻaiʻana, aʻo ka hua he nui loa. Hoʻomaopopo ka pono o nā kānaka no nā wahi me kaʻinoʻole o ka wā, heʻoi aku ka paʻakikī aʻaʻole lākou e pono i nā pollinators.

Aia kekahi mauʻano plums pono'ī-pono:

• "Hungarian Moscow";
• "Ho'āla";
• "Home Hungarian";
• "'Ānelani Hungarian";
• "I ka hoʻomanaʻo iā Timiryazev";
• "Blue Blue";
• "ʻUlaʻula ka ulaula";
• "Moe o Oryol";
• "Red Ball";
• "Yellow samoplodnaya", a pēlā aku.

Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻAʻoleʻoe e hālāwai me kahi lehu lehu i keʻano. Uaʻikeʻia ma muli o ka heleʻana o plum cherry a huli. Ua hiki ma kahi o 2,000 makahiki i hala. E huli a huli i ka plum e ulu maikaʻi i loko o ka hihiu, a plum - no.

ʻO Apple

Piliʻia ka'ōhiʻa i ka mō'īwahine o nā māla. ʻO nā hua he meaʻono kūpono a me ka meaʻala, ua mālamaʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi a ua maikaʻi loa.

ʻO nāʻanoʻono likeʻole i waena o nā lāʻau'ōhiʻa:

• "Hoʻoliʻoliʻo Molis";
• "Welsey";
• "Melba";
• "Ma ka hoʻomanaʻo o Tikhomirov" a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

ʻO ke koena, he mauʻano samoplodnye a samobesplodnymi paha.

Hoʻohālikelike i nāʻano likeʻole:

• "Bessemyanka Michurinskaya";
• "Hoʻomohala Belarusian";
• "Rennet Chernenko";
• "Saepron Pepin";
• "Pepinka Lithuanian";
• "Iulai Chernenko", etc.

E nānā i kēlāʻano o nā'ōlaʻa e like me "Bogatyr", "Lobo", "Semerenko", "Orlik", "Medunitsa", "Spartan", "Northern Synapse".

ʻO ka plum

ʻO nā paona he meaʻeha a maikaʻi loa no ka kukeʻana a me nā meaʻai. Eia naʻe, ho'āʻo ka poʻe hoʻoholo e lawe mai i nāʻano hou heʻano maikaʻi loa a me ke kūpaʻa pale.

Aia nāʻanoʻano likeʻole o ka momona momona a me ka'āpana momona:

• "Kuban kaʻina";
• "Hui Pūʻali";
• "Purple Cleopatra";
• "Ka Mea Paʻa-Red-purple";
• ʻO Vetraz;
• "Pūʻulu Pōʻani";
• "Late Pūʻulu";
• "Loaʻa";
• "Pramen" a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

ʻO Abrikosov

ʻAno ka huaʻo'Apricot i keʻano o kaʻono,ʻohu, keʻano, a me ka nui. ʻO ka papa inoa o nāʻano likeʻole o kēia moʻomeheu he nui, akā, ua piha i nāʻano meaʻole nā ​​mea ponoʻole. ʻAʻole kēia mauʻano likeʻole i nāʻano likeʻole e hiki ai ke hua i ka hua me ke kōkuaʻoleʻia o ka pollinator a ma lalo o nā kūlana pōʻino.

ʻO kēia mauʻano:

• "Melitopol Early";
• "Nā kumulāʻau nunui" -i hoʻopihaʻia i ka uluʻana.
• "Pāʻona";
• "Pāʻaniʻulaʻula" a me nā mea'ē aʻe.

Keʻike neiʻoe? Ma keʻano, he 20 mauʻano o nā'āpana apricots. ʻO ka apricotʻeleʻele (ʻo kahi'ōpiopio o ka'āpana apricot a me ka plum cherry) i manaʻoʻia he koʻikoʻi.

Pear

He kaulana loa ka lāʻau Pear ma kā mākou māla. ʻO wai ka mea alohaʻole i kēia mau meaʻala a me nā meaʻono! Ua pau lākou i ka hou, hoʻohanaʻia i nā meaʻai a me nāʻano kīʻaha.

ʻO nāʻanoʻokoʻa o keʻano-pears:

• "Lada";
• "Bryansk Beauty";
• "Ma ka hoʻomanaʻo o Yakovlev";
• "Chizhovskaya";
• "Belarusian hope";
• "Hoʻonui", a pēlā aku.

ʻO nā hua

ʻOiaʻiʻo,ʻike ka poʻe he nui i nā hua fiku. Kapaʻia ka inoa o ka lāʻau fiku, ka lāʻau fiku, ka waina, aʻo Smirn ka piʻi, ka lāʻau fiku. Hoʻohanaʻia kēia hua no ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i nā mea momona maikaʻi a me nā meaʻai, ua kāpiliʻia i nā pōpō, kaʻaila cream, nā mea inu a me nā meaʻai.

Ma waena o nāʻano likeʻole o kēia moʻomeheu hiki iāʻoe ke loaʻa i kekahi mau mea waiwai pono'ī,ʻo ia:

• "Ka Pōʻaka";
• "Cadot";
• "'Aleʻele Crimean";
• "Lardaro";
• Nikitsky;
• "'Apalia ka poni";
• "Pomorie";
• "Adriatic Violet";
• "Shuya";
• ʻO Brunswick;
• "Dalmatia", a pēlā aku.

Peach

He mea maʻalahi kēiaʻano moʻomeheu ma muli o konaʻono. Eia nō naʻe, heʻano thermophilic kēia lāʻau aʻaʻole nui nāʻano pono'īʻia.

ʻO nā mea kaulana loa:

• "Melitopol";
• "White Lebedeva";
• "Mea makemake";
• ʻO Moscow Moscow;
• Virgil et al.

ʻO ka hele pololeiʻana i ka kohoʻana i nā kumu hua lāʻau i ka maikaʻi loa. Inā hoʻokomo ponoʻoe i nāʻano likeʻole a kanu iā lākou e like me nā rula, e hua mai ka māla i ka hua a lawe wale mai i ka hauʻoli i ka mea nona ia.