ʻO ka Solyanum kahi mea kanu nani. ʻAʻohe mea nui i ka pua me nā pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo e mālama ʻia ma ka lāʻau no kahi lōʻihi. No ka ʻohana Solanaceae ka pua pua, no laila e kapa ʻia ʻo ia wale ʻia ka pō. ʻO ka ʻāina i loko o ka mea kanu ka pua o Brazil a me nā mokupuni o Madeira. He lāʻau elastic ia o nā lau ʻōmole a ma loko o ka ipu hao i kahi pana pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo e uhi ʻia me nā pupu ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā hua.
ʻO ka wehewehe lāʻau
ʻO ka Solanum solanum kahi kumulāʻau mauʻu i ke ʻano o kahi kumulāʻau sprawling a i ʻole kahi lāʻau liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopili ʻia ka rhizome. Akā aia iā ia ma kahi nui. Pākuʻi ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mea kanu mai 45-120 cm.Ea, ʻo ke kumu lāʻau koʻikoʻi, he lei ākea nui loa. Hoʻopuka koke nā lālā a uhi ʻia me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā kukui brown o ka ʻili.
Aia ka lau ʻula ma nā wana. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi papahele a me kahi ʻaoʻao ākea. Kihalike nā hiʻohiʻona o nā veins ma kahi lau ʻōuli uliuli. ʻAʻoleʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka waihona i ka 5-10 cm, a ʻo ka laulā he 2-5 cm.
Hoʻōla ka pua i ke kauwela. Ma ka hopena o nā pua apical a lateral, pua paniculate a me nā umbrella inflorescences pua. ʻO nā pua i loko o ke ʻano o nā pua liʻiliʻi o ke keʻokeʻo, ʻo ka lavender a i ʻole nā pua pua i waho i kahi mea ala ʻono a ʻono. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia pua kahi pālahalaha elongated. O ke kiko o ka pua he 1-3 cm.
Ma hope mai, ʻōpala nā ʻōpala i kahi o nā pua. Nui nāʻuʻala liʻiliʻi ʻokoʻa i loko o nā pulela wai. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻili o ke kuʻi. Hiki i kaʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele, aʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha. Noho mau ka berry ma ka lāʻau no kahi lōʻihi a hoʻonui i kona kāhiko ʻana. Hiki iā lākou ke hiki i 5 cm ke anawaena, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka pinepine o kā lākou ʻokoʻa. Pono pōpilikia ʻo ka pua solanyum. I ka mea ʻole eʻai ʻoe i nā hua. He hiki iā lākou ka mea huehue a hiki ke hoʻopā i ka ʻona ʻo ka ʻai.
Nā ʻano o Solyanum
Nui ka nui o nā genus o Solyanum, ʻoi aku ma mua o 1000 mau ʻano i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma loko. Hoʻohui ʻia nā lāʻau nani loa e like me nā mea kanu loko.
Solyanum pseudocapsicum a i ʻole ke kahuli hewa. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka mea kanu i loko o kahi ʻano o kahi kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i 120 cm), nā mea kanu puaʻa e mālama i ka lei i nā makahiki āpau a puni. ʻOi aku ka wana o nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka lōʻihi (a 10 cm), nā lau lanleolate me ke aniani wailua i hoʻopili ʻia i ka lālā ma kahi petiole pōkole. Kūpono ka pua ma luna o kahi manamana kilopilo nāu mai nā koi o nā lau. ʻO ke anawaena o nā hōkū keʻokeʻo he 1 cm. Ma ke waena waena o ke kauwela, ua hoʻonani ʻia ka lāʻau lāʻau me nā hua ʻona a me ke anawaena o 1.5 cm.
Solanum capsicum a i ʻole pepa. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻopili hou ka nānā ʻana i ka nui. Ua uhi ʻia nā ʻōpio ʻōpio me ka puʻu pōkole pōkole, a ua uhi ʻia nā ʻōpio kahiko i ka ʻāʻule ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻoiʻoi aʻe. ʻAʻole ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o nā lau ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele i 8 cm. Aia kahi ʻano solanum capsicum variegatum me nā ʻōpio keʻokeʻo ma nā lau.
Wendland Solianum. ^ E Ha yM. He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka mea kanu (a hiki i 5 m), nā mea kanu ʻiwa. Ma nā petioles a me nā kumu liʻiliʻi he mau ʻaka liʻiliʻi e kōkua i ka mea kanu i piʻi i ke kākoʻo. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o nā lau ke hiki i 22 cm. Ma ka mea kanu hoʻokahi, aia nā mana hoʻokahi a hoʻokahi ka lanceolate a me nā hua pihi. ʻO nā pua pā panola he mau pua ʻōniʻoniʻo keʻokeʻo e like me ke anawaena o ka 5 cm. Ma hope mai, ua weliweli nā hua ʻalani hua melemele i nā kumu lāʻau, ʻo lākou ka nui o 1.5-5 cm.
Solyanum nigrum (ʻeleʻele) - He puʻu makahiki a hiki i 1,2 m kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka lau oval a i ʻole ka lau o ka lau me nā ʻāpana a me nā pōhā, ʻaʻole i hiki nā niho dentate. Kohi nā pua keʻokeʻo i keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo i nā umoresela inflorescences. Ma hope mai, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā hua o nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele me ka diameter o 8 mm ma nā lālā. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Solyanyum nigrum i homeopathy.
Dulcamara solyanum (bittersweet) E hōʻike ana i kahi līlū manuahi a hiki i 4 m kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā ʻōpū lōʻihi lōʻihi a lōlū ʻia a wehe ʻia. Aia ka lau ʻila ma ka hapa o nā kumu lāʻau. Ua pena ʻia lākou i pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo a loaʻa iā lākou kahi kulu pihi. Kuhi ʻia nā ʻāpana o nā lau, a ua uhi ʻia nā kihi me nā niho lapuwale. ʻO nā ʻōpala kikoʻai e hōʻiliʻili ʻia i loko o kahi umu-pua liʻiliʻi. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā pōkole ma ke aniani a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻona paha i ka diameter a hiki i 3 cm.
Solianum muricatum (melon pear) - nā lāʻau palu kūpaʻa semi-lignified a hiki i 1.5 m ke kiʻekiʻe. Ua uhi ʻia ka mea kanu me ka oval, nā lau liʻiliʻi ma ka lau o ka hue ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I ka wā kanu, ua uhi ʻia me nā pua keʻokeʻo-ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo. Kēnēhia nā hua ʻalani a me nā kala ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hua hoʻokahi e 20 cm, a kaupaona - 400 g.
ʻAno hānau
Hoʻoulu ʻia ʻo Solyanum ma ka lulu ʻana i nā hua kanu liʻiliʻi a ʻai ʻole paha. Hiki ke lawelawe ʻia kēia kaʻina hana i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki, akā e hoʻomohala koke ʻo nā mea kanu ʻo Malaki. No ka kanuʻana e hoʻomākaukau i kahi pahu me ka lepo a me ka lepo lepo. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hua i loko o nā pūnāwai ma kahi hohonu o 1-1,5 cm. Mālama ʻia ka pahu i kahi pāla o + 15 ... + 18 ° C. Kūlia Solyanum i loko o 10-14 mau lā. I ka wā e hoʻokumu ʻia ai nā lālima maoli ma luna o nā mea kanu, e kuʻekuʻe ʻia i loko o nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa. I mea e hana ai kahi pua wana, pono e huki mau ʻia nā kumu.
No ka ʻokiʻoki ʻoki, apical, semi-lignified pua me 4-5 mau lau 8-12 cm lōʻihi e ʻoki ʻia, hiki iā lākou ke huki i ka wai a i ka lepo lepo paha. Uhi ʻia nā mea kanu me ka pāpale e pale ai i ka nalo ʻana. Hana ʻia ke kaʻina 2-3 mau pule. I nā makahiki 1 mau mahina hiki ke hiki iā lākou ke ulia i loko o nā kahe ka ʻokoʻa.
Kāikela
Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Solyanum i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka wā mua, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i kēia kaʻina me ka pruning. Ma mua o ke hoʻololi ʻana, ua maloʻo ka lepo. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi ʻāpana polu mai ka ipu hao a lawe ʻia ka hapa nui o ka lepo kahiko. No ka kanu ʻana, e hoʻohana i kahi ʻano lepo:
- ʻōpala;
- sheet sheet;
- turf;
- kahawai.
Hiki i ka Honua ke hoʻohālikelike iki a māmā. Pono e waiho i kahi papa wai e waiho ana ma lalo o ka poti.
Ke ulu nei i nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kahi solanyum ma ka home ʻaʻole koi i ka hoʻoikaika nui. Kūpono ka lāʻau iā ia o ke kukui māmā a pono hoʻi i ka lā wela. Pono ka hoʻonani mai ka wana i ka lā i ka wela nui. I ke kauwela, hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i ka lāʻau ma ka lāla a i ʻole ka māla o ka māla. He mea nui e koho i kahi ʻoluʻolu a me ka mālie.
ʻO ka pae ea wela mika no ka pōhomʻo + 18 ... + 20 ° C. I kahi wahi wela, hoʻomaka ka lau e huli i ka melemele a maloʻo. ʻAʻole pono ka mea kanu i kahi wā hoʻomaha.
Pono pinepine ka kanu ʻana i kahi mea maʻi. Pono ka palahalaha i ka lepo, akā ʻaʻole i kūpono ka stagnation wai. Eia kekahi, no ka hoʻolālā maʻamau, pono i hoʻoulu pinepine ʻia nā wana me ka wai. Hoʻopili i kahi ulu maʻamau, kōkua kēia i ka pale i nā leaflets mai parasites.
Mai ʻApelila a ʻAukake, ua kāohi ʻia kahi mea kanu paʻakikī no nā mea kanu pua i kēlā me kēia pule i ka lepo.
No ka hāʻawi aku i kahi hiʻohiʻona nani, pono ia i ka hōʻima maʻamau i ka lāʻau. ʻO nā kumukūʻai i lōʻihi loa a ʻokiʻoki i ka hapa. Ke hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻana o nā lālā lateral i ke koena i koe, ua ʻae ʻia lākou.
Kūʻē ʻo Solyanum i nā mea kanu, akā ua hoʻouka ʻia e nā pepeke. I ka hapanui pinepine nā lau leaf ʻike ʻike aphids, keʻokeʻo a i ʻole nā spider mites. A hoʻolele ʻia e hana i ka mālama ʻana i ka lapaʻau me nā pepeke manu ma mua o ka pua.
