He mea kanu hua lāʻau ʻo Dogwood mai ka ʻohana Cornelian. Hāpai ka noho home no Eastern a Hema Hema, ka Caucasus, Iapana, Kina a me Asia Minor. ʻO ka hua'ōlelo "dogwood" lawe i kāna aʻa ma ka ʻōlelo Turkic a unuhi ʻia ka "ʻulaʻula". ʻO ia ka kala o nā mea ʻono a me nā hōʻola. Nui nā moʻolelo e pili ana i ka ʻīlio. Wahi a kekahi o lākou, hāʻawi akula ʻo Allah i nā mea ola a pau a loaʻa i ka ʻīniki. Eia naʻe, ua lōʻihi ka hua a nā hua o ka lāʻau a hoʻolalelale i ka lāʻau i ka lāʻau. ʻAʻole liuliu ua pouli nā hua a hoʻoliʻoli nui nā poʻe i kā lākou ʻono. I ka moʻomeheu, ua hoʻohana lōʻihi ka mea kanu. Ua kaulana ia ma Roma kahiko.
Nā hiʻohiʻona Botanical
ʻO ka dogwood kahi mea kanu kūloli e hiki ke ola a hiki i 100 makahiki. He pua lignified lignified a i ʻole a hiki i kahi 9 m kiʻekiʻe. I kekahi manawa ke loaʻa nei nā mea kanu lāʻau evergreen i loko o kāna ʻano. Kūpili ka fibrous rhizome ma nā papa kiʻekiʻe o ka lepo. Hoʻopili ʻia nā hua kila me nā ʻulaʻula ulaula. ʻŌpio, ua maʻalahi lākou i lalo i ka lepo, a i ka pili ʻana me ka lepo a lākou aʻa aʻa.
Kūleʻa nā lau i kālai liʻiliʻi, i kekahi manawa wale nō ke koho. Loaʻa iā lākou ka pā oval a iʻa paha me ka hoʻomaha selelins veins. ʻO ka'ōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha nā pua. Loaʻa ka ʻaoʻao, kī ʻia ke kihi.
Aia ma ka hopena o Malaki, ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā lau, kua pua nā melemele a i ʻole nā melemele-keʻokeʻo. Na lākou i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma nā hōkā i lalo o ka 5 cm ka lōʻihi, kahi o 2-3 mau pule. Aia ka corolla i ka 4 petals manuahi a he kumu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a nani hoʻi. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo dogwood ma kahi lāʻau meli maikaʻi, akā i ka wā o ka pua, ʻaʻole i nui ka nui o ka mahana o kēlā me kēia lā + 12 ° C. He paʻakikī kēia o ka koho ʻana i nā pepeke. I mea e pono ai ka hoʻomoepili ʻana i ka makani ma mua o ka pono, pono ia e kanu i nā mea kanu kokoke i kahi wā kanu e kokoke mai ana.
Hoʻalaʻa nā hua i kahi lōʻihi. I loko o ke kauwela āpau, kau lākou ma luna o nā lālā i nā ʻōpala lau a mau wale mai ka hopena o ʻAukake, a i ʻole kokoke a kokoke i ʻOkakopa, lilo i ʻulaʻula a i ʻole maroon. I kekahi mau ʻanoʻano dogwood, ua pena ʻia nā huaʻa i loko o polū-violet a keʻokeʻo paha. ʻO ka maʻamau he ʻano elongated a cylindrical paha, akā aneane like ʻole a pili ʻole paha. ʻO ka momona nui (a hiki i 3 cm ka lōʻihi) drupe sour-sweet, tart. Ma lalo o ka ʻili ʻili a me ka pulupulu kaho wale nō ka iwi nui.
ʻO nā ʻano a me nā ʻano like o ka ʻīlani
Hoʻonui ka huaʻīa o kahi ʻīlio manuahi i 4 subgenus a hoʻohui i nā mea he 50 nui aʻe.
ʻOi aku ka manu (male). Polokoli decoli a keu a me ka nui o ka lāʻau a hiki i ka 5-6 m i ke kiʻekiʻe a i ka punu a kū i ka 4 m i ke kiʻekiʻe. Ke kau nei ka fibrous rhizome i ka hohonu o ke anawaena he 40 cm. ʻO nā lālā lālā i pālahalaha ʻia me nā paʻu ʻalāmaʻomaʻo i ʻōmaʻomaʻo e uhi ʻia me nā lau oval o ka ʻulaʻula ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lau he 3.5-8 cm.ʻO kahi pua melemele liʻiliʻi ma nā umbrellas a hiki i 25 mau ʻāpana e pua i ka hoʻomaka mua o ʻApelila. Ka uhi ʻōpiu-drupe elongated i uhi ʻia me ka ʻulaʻula māmā. Nā ʻano:
- Nana - kahi ulu lāʻau liʻiliʻi me ka lei spherical;
- Aurea - uhi ʻia nā mea kanu me nā lau monophonic melemele;
- Lukyanovsky - kēlā me kēia lāʻau pālahalaha pālua me ke kāʻei aliʻi e hoʻōla ʻia a hiki i 10-25 kg o nā huaʻa burgundy nui.
Keokeo keʻokeʻo. Hoʻohui ʻia nā mea kūlike a hiki i 3 m ke kiʻekiʻe e nā lālā kūleʻa me kahi ʻulaʻula ulaula. ʻO ka lau o nā lau o ka pōkole palaleka pōpō me ka wai ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōpiopio i ka lōʻihi ʻo 2-10 cm.No ka inflorescence dory corymbose me nā corollas keʻokeʻo me kahi anawaena o ka 1 cm kahi i kūkulu ʻia ma nā kihi o nā lālā.
Dogwood Kanakaa. Kūpaʻa ʻia ʻo Shrub me nā pihi kūleʻa i ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 20 cm. Ua ulu nā lau oval i loko o nā whorls a like a me nā ʻuala o nā mea kanu. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā pua puaʻe ma nā hui liʻiliʻi. I ka wā hoʻoili, hemo nā hua cylindrical ʻulaʻulaʻula.
Nā ʻōnaʻi
Hoʻonāne maoli ʻia nā māla dogetal e nā ʻano lāʻau loea.
- Nā ʻāpana ʻāpana. Kāliki ke kāwele o ke kauwela ma mua o nā makahiki 6 ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka aʻa. Nā ʻīwī o 10-15 cm ka lōʻihi me nā lālani 2-3 mau lau e pono e hōʻiliʻili ʻia. Hana ʻia ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa i ka diagonally 1.5 cm ma lalo o ka node. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā lau kokoke i ka ʻokiʻoki. Hana ʻia nā ʻoki me kahi hoʻoulu ulu ("Heteroauxin") a kanu ʻia i loko o kahi māla o kahi i pale ʻia mai ka lā a me ka makani. Kahi ʻia ka ʻāina lepo me ka one o kahawai, a laila hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi pā liʻiliʻi a uhi ʻia nā hua lāʻau i kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. Pono ka palu holoʻokoʻa o ka wā holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka ea ke anuanu he + 25 ° C. I nā lā wela, wela ke kaila. Ma hope o nā hebedoma 2-3, ua kau a ʻokiʻoki i ke aʻa a hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau ʻia i ka ulu ʻana me ka ʻole o ka wahi. Hoʻololi ʻia kahi ka hoʻololi ʻana i kahi paʻa mau no ka hāʻule hou e hāʻule ai.
- Pāʻaiʻaʻa (budding). Hoʻohui ʻia nā hua pua like ʻole ma ka lāʻau o ka ʻīlio hihiu ma ka hopena o ke kauwela a ʻo Kepakemapa hoʻi. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hana i ka incision me kahi i ka hohonu o 3 cm. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hapa o ka pana me ka pūpū, ʻili a me ka lau i loko. Hoʻohui ʻia kahi pāpale lole ʻoi loa ma luna. Ma hope o nā lā 15-20, e kiʻi ka huakaʻi, a hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i ka latch.
- Nā ʻāpana kolo. ʻO nā wana haʻahaʻa e pili ana i kahi makahiki he mau makahiki, ke maʻalahi a kuʻi ʻia, hiki i ka aʻa. Hoʻomaka i waena o ka puna, ma hope o ke kumulāʻau. E kāwili i ka lepo me ka māhi a kālai i nā mea kanu. E kuʻi i ka luna, akā waiho e wehe. I loko o he mau hebedoma, kū i nā pua hou ma ka waiho. I ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kiʻekiʻe i ka 10 cm, ua hiamoe nā wana i nā lepo hou. Ma hope o 2-3 mau pule, ua hoʻi hou ke ʻano. I ka wā lulu ma mua, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hoʻomoe a hele koke i kahi paʻa mau.
- Ke ulu mai nei i ka hua. No kēia, pono ia e koho i nā huaʻai ʻole me nā palaʻai, e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai ka pulū a maloʻo. No hoʻokahi makahiki hoʻokahi, ua kau ʻia nā iwi i ka pala palā a i ʻole nā heihei a mālama ʻia i loko o kahi lumi maloʻo. Pono kēlā ʻano hana e kūleʻa ai nā mea kanu i ka makahiki mua. A laila kanu ʻia nā huaʻala ma nā kōpū me ka lepo lepo wai i ka hohonu o 3 cm. I ka makahiki mua, ua puka wale ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi (ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe ma ka 4 cm ke kiʻekiʻe), ma ka lua o ka ʻūlū a hiki i ka 10-15 cm Ma hope o ka pūnāwai, hiki i ka seedling ke neʻe i ka māla. Hoʻomaka ka hua huaʻai mai 7-10 mau makahiki o ke ola.
Kūʻai a mālama mālama
He ʻōhumu ʻo Dogwood i ke ʻano ʻana a me ka ʻano o ka lepo, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi inā he momona ka honua, me kahi ʻano kūlohelohe ʻole paha. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e koho i kahi no ka mea kanu i ka lā ākea. ʻO ka laulā o ka pāpale, ʻoi loa hoʻi i nā kākela, hiki i ka 3-4 m, no laila hiki ke kū ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 5-6 m. K kanu nā makahiki 1-2 a keu ʻo 1,2 m kiʻekiʻe i kahi kanu mau.
E kālai i kahi lua paʻiki ma kahi o 70 cm hohonu a 7-10 mau lā. Hoʻopili ʻia kahi papaki wai a me nā kolamu laʻa i lalo (amonium nitrate, mullein, kompos, superphosphate, lehu lāʻau). Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, ua hoʻomake ʻia ka honua a ninini ʻia ma lalo o kēlā me kēia kumulāʻau he 2.5-3 mau pākui wai. ʻO ka uku no ka pōʻino o ka rhizome, ua hōʻoki ʻia nā wana e 30%.
Māmā ka mālama ʻia dogwood. Pono e hoʻohāinu ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa, akā ʻaʻole ia e kūpaʻa. Wehe ʻia ka noho ʻōpala a hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā lau nahele. He mea koʻikoʻi loa kēia no nā mea kanu ʻōpio. Pono ia hamching ʻana o ka papa o ka ʻāina me ka pala maʻa.
ʻAʻohe mea e pono ai e hoʻokumu i ka lei. He mea lawa ia e lahilahi i nā wahi ākea a hoʻohemo i nā lālā maloʻo i ka puna a i ke kauwela hope. Eia nā makahiki kanu 10-15 i hōʻeuʻeu hou, ʻokiʻoki i nā ʻōpana kahiko.
I hoʻokahi makahiki i ka makahiki, hānai ʻia ʻo dogwood. I Iune, ua hoʻōla ʻia ʻia kahi hopena o ka manu manuahi manu ʻole manuahi, a i ka hopena o ʻAukake, ua pāhola ʻia ka lehu a me ka superphosphate ma ka ʻāina.
I ke anuanu hoʻomehana, hele maikaʻi nā ʻōlio me ka pale ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i ka wā anuanu a hiki i -30 ° C. Ma mua o nā frosts koʻikoʻi, hoʻomāwili ʻia ka lepo me kahi ʻāpana o ka peat, a laila uhi ʻia me nā lau hāʻule. ʻO nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia i kēia makahiki ua hoʻopili ʻia me ka lutrasil a i kahi burlap paha.
Nā ʻāpana ʻaina kīlea i make i ke kahua koho i loaʻa i ka pale maikaʻi, no laila, ʻaʻole pilikia ka lāʻau o nā mea kanu. I kekahi manawa ma nā lau hiki ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka pauahi i ka ʻōpala a i ʻole hoʻi kahi kāwili, kahi e lawelawe ai ka ʻōnaehana me ka fungicide. ʻO nā parasites, ʻike wale ʻia nā kumuwaiwai o nā multiflorum a i ʻole cochlea. Mai ia lākou e kōkua i ka ʻokiʻoki ʻana i ka ʻala me nā lime a me ka pīpī ʻana me nā mea kanu ʻo Parisian.
He waiwai e hoʻohana ai i ka dogwood
Aneane pono nā mea āpau ma ka cornel. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau nalo, nā lau, nā pua, ka ʻōpala me nā lālā ʻōpio, aʻa a me ka, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e hoʻohana ʻia nā hua. Loaʻa i nā kumuwaiwai punahele he nui o kēia mau mea:
- nā kalapu;
- liuliu
- ke kīʻaha momona;
- nā huaʻala kūlohelohe;
- nā huaora;
- minuke;
- tannins;
- Hoʻolaha;
- catechins.
Ke loaʻa nei nā lāʻau i ka immunomodulatory, ke puhi ʻana, hoʻoulu, diuretic, nā hana bactericidal. Ua lawe ʻia ka decoction o nā inflorescences a me nā foliage no ka mahana, ke anu, ke anu, typhoid, tuberkulosis. Hoʻomoʻa ʻia kahi hui ʻana o ka aʻa aʻa me ka meli i loko o ka ʻili e mālama i ka pohō a me nā mumū.
Maloʻo nā hua dogwood e hoʻohana i nā mea ʻele, jam, decoction, a ʻai pū ʻia hoʻi. Kōkua lākou i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka kūnao ʻana, hoʻowalewale i ka makemake, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kō. Loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi loa i ka kaila helehelena a me nā moku koko i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā paia o nā veins. Inā nui nā hua hua me nā pōhaku i kēlā me kēia lā, e hoʻopau maoli lākou i loko o ka ʻōpū. E kōkua kēia hoʻomaʻamaʻa e hakakā i nā varicose veins a me hemorrhoids.
ʻO nā contraindications i ka mālamaʻana me ka dogwood heʻano maʻamau i nā maʻi kūlohelohe a me nā intolerance pilikino i ka huahana, constipation, hoʻonui i ka acidity o ka ʻōpū, hoihoi i ka haʻalulu.
