He lāʻau kanu pua mau ka Camellia mai ka ʻohana Tea. Loaʻa ia loaʻa i nā subtropics o Eurasia a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, akā hiki ke kanuʻia e like me kahi hale kūlohelohe a i ʻole ka mea kanu lāʻau a puni ka honua. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Camellia no nā kumu hoʻolālā, a loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO nā lau o kekahi mau ʻano e lawelawe i ke ʻano ʻohi maka no ke kō. Ua hopohopo nā pua pua he nui e ulu i ka mea kanu no ko lākou ʻano capricious, eia naʻe, lawa ia e aʻo i nā ʻano he nui o ka mālama pono i mea e pale ai i nā pilikia kupaianaha a hauʻoli i nā pua kupaianaha.
ʻO ka wehewehe lāʻau
ʻO kahi Kamela he lulā mau makahiki a he lāʻau 2-20 m ke kiʻekiʻe. Nā lālā huaala mai ka kumu a e lignise koke ai. ʻO nā ʻōpala ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōpiopio ka pubescent. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, lilo lākou i kamaʻilio a loaʻa i kahi kala hina a ʻulaʻula paha.
Ma nā lālā o kēia lāʻau evergreen ka maʻamau maʻamau o ka oval a me nā lau ovoid. Loaʻa iā lākou a i ʻole nā kihi lau nani a me kahi kihi, elongated hope loa. Pulu iki nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka veins central embossed. Hiki i kēlā me kēia nile ke kau i nā kahakaha 1-3. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ulaula, pubescent ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka lau o ka lau he 3-17 cm.
Kamala nā Kamelo ma Nowemapa-Dekemaba a hiki i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo. Noho ka pua hoʻokahi i hoʻokahi mahina. Aia nā pua pua nui i loaʻa i nā wāwae pololei. ʻO kā lākou anana he 1-12 cm. ʻO ke kumu o nā petals e hoʻopili ʻia i kahi kahe pōkole. Aia nā petals iā lākou iho ma ka 1 a i ʻole nā leka uila. He ʻano ākea ākea a i ʻole kā lākou helehelena i kahi aniani wavy. ʻO ka kikowaena o ka pua i lilo i kahi puʻu puaʻa he nui o nā stamens melemele me nā anthers nui. ʻAʻole pio ke ʻano o nā pua. ʻO kā lākou kala ke kāohi ʻia ʻana i ke keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula a me ka melemele. Hōʻalo a ʻōleʻaneʻa paha nā Petals.
Ma hope o ka hoʻomoe ʻana, ua ʻāpō nā hua - nā kākahu maloʻo, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i 5 compartment. I loko o lākou he nui nā hua he nui. Ua nalowale koke lākou i kā lākou kūwili ʻana ma muli o ke kaila o ka aila kiʻekiʻe.
Nā ʻano ʻo Kamela
Ka hoʻonohonoho honua o nā kamela nā mea ma mua o 250 mau ʻano.
ʻO Kamelela ka Iapana. ʻO ka mea kanu maʻamau i waena o nā māla ʻo ka lūlū pihi a i ʻole nā lau 1,5-6 m ke kiʻekiʻe. Ua uhi ʻia nā kumu i kahi lāʻau hina. I ka wā o ka pua, ulu nā pua nui, aia ma waena o nā lau maloʻo ʻeleʻele. Hoʻomaka ka pua i kā Nowemapa-Mei. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau hikina, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau e kaua ai i ka maʻi kanesa. Nā ʻano:
- ʻO Alba kahi kamela keʻokeʻo me nā pua nani;
- Kūleʻa ka hoʻoilo - he ʻele a terry ke keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha.
Kahiki ʻo Kamela. ʻO ka ʻano like me ke ʻano ʻono no ka hana ʻana i tii. He lāʻau ia a lāʻau paha a hiki i 10 m kiʻekiʻe a me nā lālā sprawling. Hāpala kaeleʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i ulu i ka 5 cm he lōʻihi. Nā pua pua ʻōpala i nā lula o nā lau aia i kahi calyx elima a me kahi corolla maʻalahi me ka aniani o 25-30 mm. ʻO ka kala ʻulaʻula a i ke keʻokeʻo paha ka pua o nā pua.
ʻO Camellia Sasanqua (mauna). Lulima nā lihi ʻo 2.5-3 m kiʻekiʻe i kahi kūmole, nā weli i ʻoki ʻia. Kūkulu ʻia ka ulu makahiki i nā pubescence liʻiliʻi. Hoʻololi koke ia e ka papala-melemele a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO kekahi pīpī laupaʻa pōkole o ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā ʻōlapa he serrate a he pubescent ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka vein waena. Loaʻa nā pua sessile nui i a mele paha a i loko o nā pūʻulu a hiki i ka 3 mau pua. Loaʻa nā kala ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻulaʻula i ko lākou kala, akā loaʻa nā pua keʻokeʻo. Hoʻohana ʻia ka mea kanu me kahi aila. E pili ana i kēia ʻano, ua loaʻa i kekahi mau ʻano kanu anu i kūpaʻa i ka hau, a no laila kūpono i ka māla ʻana i ke aniani, ua loaʻa. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona kaulana loa:
- ʻO Bicolor - kahi pālahalaha kikowaena ākea e pili ana i ka lihi o nā petals, a he keʻokeʻo nā kumu i ke kala;
- ʻO Chansonnier - pua pua ʻulaʻula pua;
- Cleopatra - nā corollas maʻalahi me nā petals pink elongated.
ʻAno hānau
Hoʻopau pinepine ʻia nā camellia e nā ʻokiʻoki. E hana i kēia, i ke kauwela (Iune-Iulai) ʻokiʻoki i nā'ōpiopio i nā kihi o nā lālā. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e lawe i nā ʻala hua me ka ʻoliva, akā, ʻoi aku ka ʻōpio, nā ʻōniʻoniʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ma hope koke o ka ʻoki ʻana, lawe ʻia nā ʻokiʻō i loko o nā ʻōpala me ka lepo pālolo a i ʻole ka perlite. Uhi iā lākou i ka ʻeke e mālama i ka moena kiʻekiʻe, hoʻoluʻu pinepine a hoʻoheʻe ʻia. E hoʻomau i ka mālamalama laumā a i ke mahana o + 20 ... + 25 ° C. Kūkulu ʻia kahi rhizome piha piha i 1.5-2 mau mahina. Ma hope o kēlā, neʻe ʻia ka wahi pale. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka ʻokiʻoki ma Ianuali, akā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻina ʻana.
ʻO kekahi manawa hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā hua hua kāmela, ʻoiai ʻaʻole kūpono ia no nā ʻano hoʻohihi koʻikoʻi a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā hana hoʻoulu. Ma hope koke o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā hua kanu, ua kanu ʻia ʻia i loko o nā kīʻī wai kōaʻa a i ʻole nā kōla panu me ka lepo māla pala. I ka wā o ka hoʻōla, pono ke + 20 ... + 23 ° C. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia ka lepo. Hāpai nā hua hua me nā lau 2 i loko o kahi pahu nui.
No nā palu palupalu maikaʻiʻole, ua hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano o ke kau ʻana. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia kaʻina ma Ianuali. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi pana pua me 2-3 mau puaʻa ma kahi holoholona ʻoi. Mālama ʻia ka mea kanu i ka mahana o + 18 ... + 20 ° C. Pono e hoʻohāinu mau ʻia a pālahalaha ʻia, a hoʻoheʻe ʻia mai ka lā pololei. ʻO ka hana hoʻōla e lawe 2 mau mahina.
ʻO ka mālama home
No kahi mea nani, akā i kekahi manawa nā moʻo kamela, mea nui e hana i kahi nohona maikaʻi maikaʻi loa.
Mālamalama Pono i ka mea kanu i kahi mau hola lōʻihi o ke ao a me nā kukui, akā hiki ke aniani. He kūpono nā hāpana Kepani a me nā lumi ākea hou. Hoʻopilikia koke ka lā maka i nā lau, no laila ua ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka lei.
Kūleʻa I ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela, kūmole nā kāmela i nā pua pua, no laila e pono ke ana o + 20 ... + 25 ° C. I loko o ka makahiki, ʻaʻole e kūpono ke anuanu wela i ka pua. Mai ka waena waena o ka hopena, ua emi iki ka mahana i + 10 ... + 12 ° C. Hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka mea kanu ma kahi loggia unheated. Hiki iā ia ke kū i nā frosts i lalo a -10 ° C. I ke kauwela, e aʻo ʻia e lawe i nā kāmela o loko i ka ea hou (balkon, porch, māla).
Hoomaka. Noho nā Kamela ma nā wahi a me nā subtropics, no laila he mea nui ka hina haʻahaʻa no lākou. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pua i nā manawa i ka lā, a i ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoili ʻia nā humidifiers i ka wā wela. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻo ka hāʻule ʻana o nā pua ma mua i ka maloʻo wikiwiki loa o ka hopena.
Hoʻomoʻa i ka wai. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka lewa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻoulu ʻana. I ka hāʻule, e hōʻemi iki i ka holo. Pono ka lepo ma lalo o 1-2 cm, ʻaʻohe hou. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ka wai kūloe i ka pā. Pono ka palupalu i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻia. Hoʻohana pinepine ka wai i nā wai a i ʻole e kū ana ma kahi o 3 mau lā.
Kuilima. Mai ka hoʻomaka o ka ulu ulu (ʻApelila-Mei) a hiki i ka hopena o Iulai, hānai i nā camellia pālua ʻelua ma ka malama me nā paʻakikī o nā pua ʻōlima. Mai ka ʻAukake, ua pau nā ʻaina āpau, he hōʻailona ia no ka waiho ʻana i nā ʻōpala.
Kāikela No ka mea i ka pūnāwai ua piha ka camellia i loko o ka pua piha, e lawe ʻia ana kāna neʻe i ka hoʻomaka o ka hoʻoilo. Ua maʻalahi nā aʻa i nā aʻa, no laila e hoʻohana lākou i ke ʻano o ka transshipment i loko o ka pā hao nui aʻe. Hoʻoponopono ʻia ke kaʻina hana i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau makahiki. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi ʻāpana o nā ʻāpana wai. Aia ka ʻili kumu ma ka ʻili o ka lepo. Pono e lawa ka ʻāina, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia - a me ka hanu. He mea nui ia e hoʻohākele a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o ka honua. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano o nā mea kanu no ke kanu kūʻokoʻa.
- pepa ʻāina (2 ʻāpana);
- aina kanu (2 mau ʻāpana);
- kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (2 mau ʻāpana);
- vermiculite (2 mau ʻāpana);
- one (1 ʻāpana);
- ʻōpala lāʻau coniferous (0,5 mau ʻāpana).
Kākau. Mai ka manawa mai, hiki ke ʻoki ʻia ke kāmela, hāʻawi me ke ʻano pono. Pono e hana kēia i ka hopena o ka manawa pua. Inā nui nā pua pua i kahi ʻōpala, e maʻi paha ka mea kanu. Ma muli o kēia, ua lawe ʻia kahi hapa o nā ʻāpana, e waiho ana i nā pua 2-3 i ka pana.
Nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki. Me ka mālama pono, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā kāmela i nā maʻi lāʻau. I kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia e nā mea spider mites, nā inikini kikoʻemā, mealybugs, aphids. No ka hoʻopauʻana i nā palaʻaʻai, hoʻohana nā mea inikini a me ka acaricides.
Kālela lāʻau
Ma ka hema o Rūsia, ma ke kahakai ʻo ʻEleʻele me i Caucasus, ulu maikaʻi ka camellia i ka māla. ʻO nā shrubs me ka lei aliʻi a i ʻole nā lāʻau haʻahaʻa, nona nā pua olakino e ulu ana ma waena o nā lau uliuli uliuli kīwī, ke nānā aku nei i nā mea hoʻohanohano. ʻO nā ʻano Hybrid i ulu ʻia i nā makahiki i hala e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā mea kanu i kahi ākea ma nā wahi a i ʻole ka hoʻoilo o ka mahana i ka hoʻoilo ma lalo o -20 ° C. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā mea kanu i ka helehelena.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Camellia ma kahi pale o kahi ʻāpana, ma kahi kahi i mālama ʻia mai nā papa hana. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu iā ia ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau deciduous me kahi lei hoʻokaʻawale a me kahi rhizome hohonu, kokoke i ka pā, a i ʻole ka pā o ka hale. E hana lākou i ka palekana mai ka lā awakea. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i kahi ma ka pale hohonu, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe pua o nā pua.
Pono ka lepo a momona. Ke kanu i nā mea kanu, he mea nui ʻaʻole e hoʻomalolo i ka ʻāʻī aʻa. Hāʻawi ʻia ia i kahi palaa me ka lepo.
Pono e hoʻohāinu mau ʻia ʻo Camellia no laila e hoʻomaloʻo iki ka lepo, akā ʻaʻole piʻihiʻu. Ke hoʻomau nei ka kanu ʻana i ka hoʻoilo ma nā wahi maikaʻi.
I Mei-Iulai, hoʻohuihui ʻia nā kumuwaiwai huakaʻi i kēlā me kēia mahina, i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka camellia (piha piha) a i ʻole no ka rhododendron (hapalua kēiaʻano).
I ka wā lohi, hoʻohui ʻia ka lepo kokoke i ka ʻala me nā lau hāʻule i kulu ʻia, a uhi ʻia me nā lālā pihi. Inā hiki pinepine mai nā frosts i ka hoʻoilo, a laila ʻaʻole pono nā pale ʻē aʻe. I nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, i uhi ʻia ke kumu o ka ʻeke me nā mea i kā ʻole ʻia. I ka pō, ua uhi ʻia ka lei me ka pua i ka lutrasil.
