ʻO kahi kolamu kahi mea kanu kaulana. Ma ka maʻamau o nā māla keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e ulu ana i ka waihoʻoluʻu, ʻulaʻula, Savoy, Brussels, kohlrabi, broccoli a me nā ʻano like ʻole. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hōʻiliʻili nui he wahi lōʻihi loa ia. Hoʻomaʻa pinepine, ua ʻāpana ʻia kekahi hapa o nā fungi pathogenic, nā huakaʻi, nā maʻi, a me ka ʻeha ʻana i ka weliweli. No laila, i ʻole e nalowale i ka kāpeti, pono ia ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka pilikia maʻamau a ʻike i ka mea e hana ai i kēlā me kēia hihia.
ʻO nā maʻi kāpala maʻamau
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻo Coliki ma nā puʻupuʻu pathogenic. Hiki ke maʻi ʻia i kekahi wahi o ka mahiʻai a hiki i ka wā e waiho ai. Inā ʻike ʻia ka pilikia i ka manawa, hiki i nā maʻi he nui ke mālama ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoponopono kūlohelohe. Ke hoʻokipa ʻia nei kēia, no ka mea ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o ka ʻohi ʻana i hoʻolālā ʻia, ʻaʻole pāpā ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā lāʻau like ʻole.
"ʻĀpana Kai"
Hoʻi ʻia kahi maʻi kuʻi ʻia e luku ai i ka nui a i ʻole o ka ʻōpala o ke kō. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomohala ma hope o kāna hoʻololi i ke kahua ākea, akā ʻike pinepine ʻole kēia. Pākuʻu wai maʻamau o ka substrate, ka nui o kona kaila a me ka hoihoi nui o ka mea mālama i ka māla no ka nui o nā ʻāpana o ka nitrogen. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ke kanu, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kanu.
Ke kumu o ka ʻōpala ke lilo i mānoʻolima, ʻano ʻē, ʻeleʻele. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke kākoʻo i ke kaupaʻa o nā ʻāpana o ke aʻai o ka mea kanu, kāpili ka puna ma ka lepo. ʻO nā hua ʻōpio mai ka "leg black" make, hiki i nā spimensens makua ke ola a hoʻopiʻi ʻia i nā poʻo liʻiliʻi o ka kāpeti, akā ka lau o ka lau ma luna, maloʻo, ʻū, a pala.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine ka mea mālama iā ia iho e hoʻopiʻi no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka "ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele"
I mea e pale aku ai i ka maʻi, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lepo no nā mea kanu. Nā Granule o Trichodermin, Gliocladin a i ʻūhi manu kai i hoʻoneʻe ʻia, i hoʻopili ʻia ai ka pala mākia i loko. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hua i loko o kekahi hopena o ka fungicide o nā hua kūlohelohe (Alirin-B, Maxim, Planriz). Hoʻololi ia ka wai i ka paukū me kahi kōneka pālahaliko mākeke ʻeleʻele.
I ka wā kanu, hoʻoulu ʻia i ka kāpena i kēlā me kēia lā 10-14 me kahi hopena o Fitosporin-M, ua lepo ka lepo ma ka moena i ka lehu a i ʻole kaʻaina kolo. Hoʻohui ʻia ka one maikaʻi i ke kumu o nā kumu lāʻau. ʻO ka hopena me ka biostimulants - Epin, Immunocytophyte, potassium humate, he hopena maikaʻi i ka make kino o nā mea kanu.
ʻO ka potassium permanganate - hoʻokahi o nā disinfectants maʻamau, luku ʻia nā fungi pathogen
I ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻailona kānalua, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻaʻana i ka wai i ka liʻiliʻi e pono ai. Ma kahi o ka wai maʻamau, hoʻohana ʻia kahi hopena o Previkur a i ʻole Fitosporin-M. Hana ʻia ka kāpeti me Bactofit, Fitoflavin. Mai ka pena ʻana o ka poʻe, ua hoʻohana ʻia he hopena pinkish o ka potassium permanganate a i ʻole ʻamela husk infusion.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo e mālama i nā hua o ka kāpeti i pā ʻia e ka "ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele". Ke ʻokiʻoki i ka ʻōpala i pā ʻia, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka hapa ea i loko o ka wai me ka hoʻohui o ʻelua mau puna o ka biostimulator. Hāʻawi pinepine ia i nā aʻa.
Nā wikiō: ke hakakā ʻana i ka "ʻeleʻele uliuli o nā pua"
Peronosporosis (kalo kalo kaumaha)
ʻAʻole pili wale ia i kekahi ʻano o ka kāpeti, akā i ka laulā nui o nā mea kanu a pau mai ka ʻohana Cruciferous. Hoʻohui pinepine ka ulu ʻana i kahi substrate kaumaha kaumaha. Noho maikaʻi nā pua o ka hoʻoilo i ka ʻāina no ka mau makahiki 5-6.
Ke hāʻawi nei ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka peronosporosis i ka hoʻokaʻina ʻana o ka lepo ma nā aʻa o ka kāpeti
Ma ka ʻaoʻao mua o ka pale, pale ʻulaʻula pua. Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻaoʻao hema me kahi papau ākea o ka pāpaʻi pinkish. Ke hoʻololi koke nei i nā kala i ke kala, ʻulaʻula, i kahi poni. Kīwī nā lālā huli i ka ʻeleʻele a make.
No ka pale aku, mālama ʻia nā hua i loko o ka wela (45-50 ° C) ka wai no ka mau minuke 15-20 ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, a laila e kāpī ʻia i loko o ka wai anuanu no 2-3 mau minuke. E pale i ka maʻi me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā fungicides. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena maikaʻi loa e Ridomil-Gold, Impact, Vectra, Skor.
Kahi iki ka lalo o ka ipo i ka maʻalahi, akā he hōʻailona ia o kahi maʻi weliweli loa
Inā pili ka pākuhū pathogenic i nā hua kāpī, hoʻopuni ʻia nā mea he 2-3 i ka manawa o 4-5 mau lā me ka lehu a i ʻole colloidal sulfur a kanu ʻia i loko o ka māla me ka hiki. ʻO ka lole topela Foliar me ka potash a me nā fertilizers fosfor he hopena maikaʻi i ko lākou make.
Lāliʻiila
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pua o ka ʻōpū e ka makani a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana o ka wai. Hāʻawi ʻia i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka maʻi wela a me ka ua pinepine. Hiki ke pili i ka ʻolua i ka wā o ka ulu a me ka wā e waiho ai. Hōʻike nā ʻūhā uliuli ʻili i nā lau, hōʻoli lōlō i nā wahi ʻala uliuli me kahi palena ʻulaʻula, i uhi ʻia e ka papapa o ke kīpaha "fluffy". Ka pala ʻia nā ʻili paʻa.
Ua hoʻonāukiuki ʻo Alternariosis i ka nui o ka lau o ka lau kāpeti
Ke hoʻolilo nei i nā hua kanu i ka lepo, hoʻonoho nā Trichodermin mauka a i ʻole kahi mea ʻalaʻā lāʻau liʻiliʻi ma lalo o ka lua. Kēia manawa he 12-15 mau lā, ka kāpī a me ka lepo i ka māla i hoʻoulu ʻia me ka wai o 1% o ka keleawe keleawe, hoʻopili ʻia me ka Immunocytophyte. No ke kūleʻa i ka maʻi, hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau ʻo Abiga-Peak, Bravo, Skor a me Quadrice. Hana ʻia nā mea kanu i kēlā me kēia 1,5-2 mau pule a hiki i nā hōʻailona ʻano.
ʻO ka Copate sulfate kekahi o nā fungicides maʻamau, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia kona pono e nā hanauna he nui o ka poʻe māla.
Ke pale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka alternariosis i ka wā mālama, ua hāʻawi ʻia nā poʻo o ka kāpeti i nā kūlana kūpono loa a kokoke paha (ke kaupaona ʻana ma ke pae o 2-4 ° C, humuhumu 70-80%, ka hoʻihoʻi maikaʻi, ka nele o ka māmā). Ma mua o ka waiho ʻana i ka papahele a i ʻole ka pahu wili, holoi ʻia ka lumi ma ka holoi ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao āpau me ka lime hydrated i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai a i ʻole e puhi ʻia i kahi ʻāpana kakano. Ua koho pono ʻia nā poʻo o ka ʻōpala, puʻu ʻia me ka lehu lāʻau a ʻokiʻoki paha, hoʻomoe ʻia a paʻa paha i ʻole e hoʻopā pū kekahi me kekahi.
Sclerotinia (keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo)
ʻO ka pinepine, lilo ka ʻōpū i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, akā me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me nā wā anuanu, hiki i ka maʻi ke ulu a kokoke i ka hopena o ka manawa e ulu ana. Ua uhi ʻia nā lau me kahi papaula o ke keʻokeʻo e like me ke kīpī ʻulaʻula me nā kākole ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā ʻōpili i hoʻopili ʻia "hoʻohālikelike", lilo i mau maka i nā pā, nā poʻo o ka ʻōpala pala.
Hoʻohālike ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma nā poʻo o ka kāpeti i nā ʻāpana o ke peʻe o ka peʻa
I mea e hōʻalo ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, koho pono ʻia ka ʻōpala no ka waiho ʻana, e hāʻawi iā ia i nā kūlana kūpono. Hoʻopiliʻia ka manawa - overripe a me nā poʻo o ka hau i ka nui o ka kāpeti he nui ka ʻeha e hoʻopilikia i ka ʻeha. No ka prophylaxis i ke kauwela, lawe ʻia ka ʻai foliar i kēlā me kēia pule ʻelua, e pīpī ʻana i ka kāpeti me ka hopena o ka zinc sulfate, potassium permanganate, keleahi keleawe, boric acid, ammonium molybdenum acid (1-2 g no ka lita o ka wai).
I mea e ʻole ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, koho ʻia ka kāpena no ka waiho ʻana me ka mālama pono
He mea paʻakikī loa ia e pā ai me ka sclerotinia, no ka mea ua ulu koke ka maʻi. Inā mau ʻoe e hoʻomau i ka nānā ʻana i ke kakahiaka nui, ua ʻoki ʻia ka ʻaoʻao i pā ʻia, e hopu ana i kahi mea liʻiliʻi a ʻo kēlā mau mea e like ke kino i ka helehelena. ʻO "Wounds" pūpū ʻia me ka pauka ʻaina hoʻāla ʻia, kanela a i ʻole ke ʻeliʻa mai ka ʻōpala i hoʻopailua ʻia, i hoʻoiho ʻia me ka hopena ʻulaʻula o ka potassium permanganate.
Pōʻala (rot rot)
ʻAʻole wale ia "moʻomeheu", akā, maʻi pū kekahi no laila, ʻo ka "wild". No laila, pono e mālama pono i ka nānā manu. I ka manawa pinepine, hoʻomohala ʻia ka maʻi i ka haʻahaʻa a me ke ʻano mahana (22-26 ° C). I ka kiko, komo ka ʻōpū i loko o ka pohō me ka mīkini. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ia i nā lepo kanu, mālama i ka hiki ke ola no nā makahiki 5-7.
ʻO ka kumu kumu o ka fomosis no ka manawa lōʻihi e kū mau i ka hiki ke noho pono
ʻO ka hōʻailona mua ka ʻāhaʻula like ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻulaʻula o nā papa lau. A laila ua lilo nā lau i hoʻopili ʻia e ka phomosis maʻa, kīleʻa, maloʻo, uhi ʻia me ka pāpaʻu ashen me nā kākānē liʻiliʻi. Hele koke a ʻokiʻoki i nā ʻōpū i nā "ʻōpio."
No ka prophylaxis i ka wā kanu, ua mālama ʻia nā mea kanu me kahi hopena o Trichodermin, Phytocide. Mai nā kānaka olakino, hoʻohana ʻia ka infusion o ka bawang a i ʻole ke kākā. I mea e hoʻokele maikaʻi ʻia ai nā "lāʻau" i nā poʻo, e hoʻohui i kahi kāwele aʻa ʻona a i ʻole kaʻaila wai. Ke pale aku i ka maʻi, hoʻohana ʻia nā fungicides. Inā e ʻike ʻia ana ma kahi ala mua, ua lawa nā maʻi 2-3 me kahi kikowaena o 10-12 mau lā.
ʻŌpala (hina hina)
He maʻi weliweli loa o ka ʻōpio, hoʻomohala i ka wā o kahi mālama. Hoʻopilikia ia i nā mea kanu me ka pale palupalu a hōʻino ʻole paha. Ua uhi ʻia nā poʻo o ka ʻōpū o ka pōpō me ka uliuli uliuli uliuli, a laila huli lākou i ke aniani a paʻa ʻia me kahi uhi o "couffy" co co.
No ka pale ʻana i ka hina hina i ka hopena i ka huaʻai āpau, ʻo ka kāpeti i loko o ka hale kuʻi i nānā pinepine ʻia ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona kānalua i ka manawa kūpono.
ʻO ka pale ʻana i kēia maʻi ʻaʻole hiki ʻole ke hiki. No ka prophylaxis, i ka wā e hōʻiliʻili ai, nui nā lau integumentary e mālama ʻia, mālama pono ʻia me nā poʻo o ka kāpeti i loaʻa ʻole iā lākou ka pōʻino. I ka wā mālama, pono e nānā mau ʻia; neʻe ʻia nā poʻo āpau o ka ʻōpala o ka ʻōpala. Inā ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ma ke alapine mua, ua hakakā ʻia me lākou i ka ala like me ka keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.
Pākaʻi
Hoʻololi koke ka maʻi i ka maʻi maʻamau i loko o ka mahina ma waena o hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapa ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i ka lepo. I nā lā 5-7 wale nō, wilts ke kō. Hoʻopili ka ʻōpala i ka mea kanu lāʻau ma waena o nā aʻa, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike iā ia iho no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻaʻohe mea e ʻike ʻia ma kahi ʻāpana.
ʻO nā lau o nā spimens i huli i ka melemele, nalowale ke kani. A laila hoʻopau lākou a maloʻo. Hoʻokuʻu ke poʻo o ka kāpeti i ka hana ʻana, ka ʻāʻuki. Inā ʻoe e ʻoki i ka mea kanu, ua nānā ʻia nā kelekona-ʻoniʻoni ʻoniʻoni kilokilo i nā kiko o ke ʻano.
Hōʻalo ka ʻōpū i kumu ʻo ka fusariosis no ka "lōʻihi" ka lōʻihi, hiki ke nānā ʻia ke hoʻomohala ʻia o ka maʻi inā nānā ʻoe i nā mea kanu.
ʻAʻohe mea hoʻōla no ka fusarium. Hoʻokaʻi koke ʻia nā mea kanu lāʻau ʻia a hoʻopau ʻia. Wehewehe ʻia ka substrate ma kēia wahi i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana me ka 5% keleawe keleawe, ka wai burgundy a i ʻole nā ʻeleʻele raspberry potassium permanganate.
Kāpē ʻia ka Fusarium i maloʻo a ʻūlū maoli i mua o kā mākou mau maka
No ka paleʻana, hoʻokaʻawale ka lepo ma ka moena o ka māla me kahi hoʻonā o Fundazole. Hoʻopili ʻia ka pōpoki me Agate-25K, Immunocytophyte, Heteroauxin, Emistim-M. ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi nā mea ola ola kino e maʻi. Akā ʻo ke ala kūpono wale nō e pale ai i ka maʻi me ka maʻi Fusarium o ka ulu ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano a me nā hybrides i kū i ia. Nui kekahi o lākou - Fresco, Amazon, ʻAlani, Kolobok, Paradox, Megaton, Karamba a pēlā aku. Nui pū kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o ke poʻo ulaula, lau, cauliflower, Brussels pihi, Savoy kāpala a me ka kohlrabi i loaʻa i ka "paulo" kalima.
Hulu ʻia ka maʻi pāpaʻi (black rot)
ʻO ka maʻi, kahi e hoʻolalelale ʻia nei e ka hoʻonui i ka humuhinu, wela, alkaline substrate, kahi nele i ka lepo o ka pāhana a me ka phosphorus a me ka nui o ka hau. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻoi aku ka ʻoliki iā ia i ka lua o ke kauwela, kokoke i ka hopena o ka ulu ulu.
Nā lau mai ka pala waho, e pālahalaha aku ana i kahi ʻohu pungent. I ka wā mua e lilo lākou i ka melemele-cream, a laila huli lākou i ka hina a me ka ʻulaʻula. Ke uliuli ke kumu o ke kumu a me nā veins. I uhi ʻia ka lepo i kahi ʻāpana. ʻAʻohe kāpala penei.
ʻAʻole ikaika i aʻo ʻia e ʻai i ka kāpeti i maʻi ʻia me ka maʻi maʻi mucous.
No ka pale aku, ka laʻau i ka ʻāina i kēlā me kēia 7-10 lā me 1% vitriol a i Planriz, ʻo ka kāpelu iho hoʻi ʻo ia ʻo Agat-25K. Hoʻopū ʻia ka lepo me ka lehu lāʻau a ʻokiʻoki paha. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, ua ʻohi ʻia nā hua i ke hoʻonā o Binoram, Previkur, Fitolavin. Hiki iā ia ke ninini i nā lua no nā mea kanu. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā aʻa me ka pala mai ka manure hou a me ka pāpaʻi lepo me ka hoʻohui o Trichodermin, ʻo Glyocladin. Hōʻike ʻia ka nui o nā hua pua e ka hapa nui o nā kāpeti, no laila pono ke mālama ʻia i ka hakakā iā lākou.
Hoʻolaha ka bacteriosis Mucosal mai ka periphery o ke poʻo a i kona kikowaena
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻōla i kēia maʻi me nā ala o kēia mau lā. ʻO ke ala wale nō e pale ai i nā hua kanu, ʻo ke kanu lāʻau ʻano kūpaʻa i nā maʻi bacteriosis. I loko o kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, no ka laʻana, Valentine, Kolobok, Nadezhda, Slavyanka, Monarch, Lennox, Monterrey.
Kila
Hoʻopilikia ia i nā mea kanu mai ka ʻohana Cruciferous. Inā ʻike ka ʻeli i loko o ka māla, nā kāpeti a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe e kanu ʻia ma luna o ia mea no ka liʻiliʻi he 7-8 mau makahiki. Me he mea lā e nānā ʻole ka mea kanu. Akā inā e eli iā ia i waho o ka lepo, he ulu maikaʻi nā ulu maikaʻi o nā ʻōiwi like ʻole i nā aʻa. ʻAʻole nā kaula ma kēlā kāpena a i ʻole hoopaʻa ʻia, a heʻuʻuku paha.
Ke kanu nei i nā hua kanu i ka lepo, pono e makaʻala i nā aʻa a hōʻole i nā hua āpau, ʻoiai me nā mea laha e ʻike ʻole. I ka lōʻihi o ka manawa, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonui i ke nui o ke poʻo o ke kāpeti.
Kila - kekahi o nā maʻi koʻikoʻi o ka kāpeti
Hoʻokumu ʻo Kila i kahi lepo kanu. No ka hoʻoliʻoli ʻana iā ia i ka wā o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o nā moena, nā palaoa dolomite, nā ʻūpī hua manu, nā ʻūao lāʻau i hoʻoili ʻia i loko o ka pauka i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻāina. Kāhu liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa o ka mahina me ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka lepo colloidal a i ʻole kēlā mau kālā dolomite like ʻole (ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka waiū o ka lime). He kūpono nō hoʻi ka hoʻonā o Topaz, ʻo Alirina-B.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka mea kanu, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka keel iā ia iho i nā ʻano a pau, me he mea lā e maloʻo ka ʻōpala no ke kumu ʻole.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻōla i kēia maʻi. Hiki ke ʻoki wale ʻia ka mea kanu a puhi, no laila e hoʻopau ʻia ai ke kumu o ka hoʻopuʻi. Pono ka lepo ma kēia wahi. Ka neʻe ʻana i ke ʻano kīkē o ke kaʻa keʻokeʻo - Kiloton, Tequila, Nadezhda, Ramkila, Taininskaya.
Aia kekahi mau moʻomeheu e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ana i ka lepo mai nā hua o ke kuʻina. Inā ʻoe e kanu i kahi Solanaceae, nā aniani, ke kāleka, ka ʻili, ka spinach, ka ʻōpala ma luna o kahi moena i loko o 2-3 mau makahiki, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻihoʻi hou i kona wahi i mua. Hoʻomaopopo kekahi mau mea kanu i ka kanu ʻana i nā kumulāʻau ʻokiʻoki i loko o ka māla a ke kālai nei.
Wikiō: keel ma luna o ka kāpeti
ʻO ia maʻi virus
Ma nā lau, e hoʻomaka me nā ʻōpio, nā papa melemele i waena o nā veins. A laila aia nā ʻāpana o ka kiko o ka necrotic i kēia mau palupalu, na nā veins, e hoʻoneʻe, nā lau. Hoʻopili maloʻo lākou, make ka mea kanu.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia ka maʻi mosaic kolamu me nā polokalamu kūpaʻa
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻōla i ka mosaic, e like me ka nui o nā maʻi maʻi pā i ka pili ʻana i nā mea kanu māla. No laila he mea pono loa ka pale ʻana. Hoʻomoʻu ʻia nā māla i ka wai wela, a ʻohi ʻia i kahi hopena o Phytocide, Agate-25K. Hoʻopau ka spora o nā maʻi i ka aphids, kahi mea no hoʻi e hakakā pono ʻia.
Nā pōʻino weliweli
Nui nā pōpō he nui o nā kāpeti. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pepeke i nā lau succulent. Hoʻopilikia lākou ʻaʻole wale no ka mea e hōʻino lākou i nā mea kanu. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou he mau mea ʻelee o nā fungi pathogenic, nā maʻi, nā maʻi.
Kāne aphid
Kūkulu nā pepeke ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōpiopio i loko o nā lau. Hoʻohana ʻo Aphids i ka puna kanu. ʻIke ʻia nā ʻōmole pāpaʻi lehulehu i nā kiko i hoʻopili ʻia, ʻike maopopo ʻia i ka lumen. A laila hoʻohālikelike nā lau, ʻāwī aʻe, me he mea lā he palae.
ʻO Aphid kekahi o ka "make manu" maikaʻi loa, no ka kāpeti o nā ʻano like ʻole kekahi pilikia
ʻAʻole makemake nā Aphids i nā mea momona pungent. Hōʻalo ʻia ka Marigold, calendula, Rosemary, lavender, sage, basil, a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe mai ka moʻo o ka kāpeti. ʻO ka hopena nui loa i hāʻawi ʻia e nā kāreti, ke kāleka, ka fennel, ka dill, ka pālato. Hiki i nā mea kanu like ke kanu ʻia no nā mākaukau no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā infusions, ka pipi ʻia ʻana me ka kāpeti i kēlā me kēia lā 10-12. Loaʻa hoʻi i nā puna kamato, mustard powder, ʻo ka ʻala a me nā ʻolika a me ke keʻokeʻo, ka ʻōpala wela, ka lau o ka tabo lau.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā aphids nā manu (nā manu liʻiliʻi, nā mea manuahi) a me nā mea pepeiao. No ka mea hiki, hiki i nā mea hānai ke kau ʻia ma luna o ka pā, a ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka mea hope me ke kōkua o nā pahu e piha me nā ʻoka lāʻau.
ʻO nā wahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma nā lau kāpeti - kino make
Ke loaʻa nei ka aphid i ka wā liʻiliʻi, hoʻolaʻa ka kāpī me ka sabs sab, kahi hopena o ka pulu soda. Hoʻohana a me nā infusion i hoʻoweliweli iā ia. ʻO nā laha ma waena o nā kaʻina hana e hōʻemi ʻia i nā hola 6-8.
Inā ʻaʻohe hopena e manaʻo ʻia ai, hoʻohana ʻia nā mea manuahi i ʻike ʻia, e like me ke komohana, Corado, Inta-Vir, Iskra-Bio, Fitoverm. Ma ka manawa maʻamau i lawa no ka 2-3 me ka wā manawa o 7-12 mau lā.
Wikiō: nā aphids ma ka kāpiki a me nā ʻano e pili ana me ka hana
Kēlā crucifer
Hoʻopau ka wai pākeke a me nā hua ʻōmole i nā lau kāpeti. E huli i ka melemele a maloʻo, e pau ka mea kanu i ka hoʻomohala ʻana. Hoʻonui iki nā ʻano ulu liʻiliʻi mai nā wahi moe. A hiki i ka hana ʻana, hana lākou i nā mea kanu ikaika ikaika, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī i ka hana ʻino.
ʻO ka pōpoki cruciferous he momona maikaʻi, akā hoʻopilikia nui ia i nā moena kāpeti
E hoʻolele i ka maʻi pest, hoʻopuni ʻia kahi moena kāpī a puni ka perimeter me ka wormwood, tansy, a me ka calendula. Uha ʻia nā ʻūlū me nā kukui a i ʻole ka turpentine i waiho ʻia i loko o nā pā. Ua lūlū ʻia ka ʻāina me ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana i ka lehu lāʻau (1: 5).
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā ʻano ʻano mua o ka kāpeti i kahi pōpō crossiferous pinepine, ʻo ka lau o nā mea kanu he manawa ka "coarsen" ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e hōʻike i ka hana
Kāohi - ke kāpī ʻana i ka kāpeti me nā infusions chamomile o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kamato a i ʻole ka poʻo ʻihi. Ke puka mai nā mea kanu, mālama ʻia nā mea kanu a me ka lepo me Belofos, Fosbetsid, Enzhio, Actellik. Inā hoʻonui pinepine i ka nui o nā pōpoki, ua pālua ka manaʻo o ke kinikini me ka mea hana i ʻōlelo ʻia.
Palakeke kālua
ʻO kahi pōpilikia kūikawā o nā mea kanu mai kahi ʻohana like ʻole. ʻO nā mauʻu liʻiliʻi i kahi lā mau lā e hiki ke huli i nā lau i loko o kahi sieve. Hoʻopau maoli lākou i nā hua o ke kāpeti ma nā hola. ʻO ka mea pīpī ikaika e pili ana i ka pūnāwai, i ka manawa e kū ai ke anuanu ma kahi o 15 ° C a ma luna aʻe.
Hoʻomaka nā fleas cruciferous e hōʻike i ka hana ma ka hopena o ka pūnāwai
No ka pale aku, hoʻonoho ʻia ka kāpeti mai nā wahi me nā ʻeha, nā ʻihihi, daikon. E hūʻū ʻia nā mea kanu i kēlā me kēia pule me ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka hapa o 1:10 suka maoli. Ua hoʻomoʻi ʻia ka moena me ka hui pū ʻana o ka lehu lāʻau me nā pahu hao ʻoi a me ka pepa ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā mea kanu iā lākou iho - ka ʻōpala a i ʻole nāhelehe colloidal. I ka wai no ka irrigation hoʻohui i ka infusion valerian, ka aila pono me ka momona koniferous (8-10 mau pākolo i kēlā pā o ka wai).
Mai ka kāpeti waiho ʻia ma hope o ke komo ʻana o ka līlia cruciferous, he noho kū kaʻi
Inā ʻike ʻia kahi pōpilikia, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻomākaukau, Decis, Karate, Bankol, Aktara. ʻO kahi shampoo loi i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā holoholona e hāʻawi pū i ka hopena maikaʻi (50 ml no 5 l o ka wai).
Nāho
Ua hānai nā lau i ka hua manu i nā lau kāpeti, e ʻai ana i nā puka nui i loko. Ma ka ʻili e waiho ana kahi manawaleʻa koʻikoʻi, e kaomi ana i ka silvery. ʻO ke mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi o kēlā mau poʻo, ua hoʻemi loa ʻia, a me ia hoʻi. ʻAʻole makemake wau e ʻai i kēlā kāpena maʻa mau.
Hiki ke hōʻiliʻili pono ʻia ʻoi aku, no ka mea ʻaʻole like ʻole lākou i ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe a me ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou iho. Hāʻawi nā mauhele i ka hopena maikaʻi. Kahu ʻia nā kīʻaha hohonu i ka lepo a piha i ka pia, kaomi kō, ke kvass, ke kaʻaila hoʻomalu, nā ʻāpana o ka ʻōpala a ʻole hoʻi i pulima o ka umu.
ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo ka hoʻōla kanaka i lawa e hakakā ai i ka slugs
E hoʻoweliweli i ka lawaiʻa, hoʻopuni ʻia ka moena e kekahi mau mea laʻu - mint, sage, wormwood, parsley. Ma nā alahele e waiho ai i nā ʻōpala o nā ʻōpala. ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe lākou he helehehogō, makeke, starlings. ʻAʻole hiki ke paʻakikī.
Hāʻawi ʻia ka hopena maikaʻi ma o ka hoʻōla ʻana me ka kofe ikaika i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai me amonia (1: 6), ka paʻakai paʻakai (kahi hapa o ka 3 l). ʻAʻole lawe ʻia ka mea hope, inā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohuli a maloʻo nā poʻo o ke kāpala. Ma ke kumu o nā kumu lāʻau, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi "pahu" kahi pono, ke ʻeleʻele i ka lau a i ʻole nā ʻāpana lau, ke one, ka ʻāpana wela, ka lehu, a me kahi hua liʻiliʻi.
ʻO nā poʻo i hoʻopau ʻia i ka kāpeti kāpeti ʻaʻole kūpono no ka mālama lōʻihi
Hoʻohana wale nā mea kanu i nā hihia nui o ke komohewa ʻana i nā pōpoki, kahi mea ākea loa ia. Hoʻohana lākou i nā hoʻomākaukau i ka Thunder, Sludge, Meta, nā mea inikinikini ʻē aʻe, kahi o ka metaldehyde.
Video: pehea e hoʻopau ai i nā slugs i ka kāpeti
Kāmela Kāwili
Pākuʻi mau kaila hina-brown brown i nā hua 5-6 i nā manawa o ke kauwela. Ke puka mai nei nā palima mai lākou iā lākou e hānai ana i nā kiko kiko. Kūʻai nui nā ʻōpala ke loaʻa i kahi wela wela ma ke alanui. Kūkulu nā mea kanu i ka ulu ʻana, maloʻo, mai hoʻopaʻa i nā poʻo.
Hoʻokomo ʻo nā lua i nā pōpoki ʻoi i ka pōʻino i ka mea kanu, akā ʻaʻole kēia e pono ke hakakā ka pākeke.
Mai ka hānai ʻana o ka poʻe no ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i nā ʻōpū o ka kāpeti, decoction o nā poʻo o kamato, nā lau dandelion, ka ʻōpala o ka pauku puaʻa, ka ʻōpala o ka ʻāina, a me nā ʻōpala pia. Hiki ke kanu ʻia he mau kumulima o ka tapaa ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka moena. Hāʻawi ʻia kahi hopena maikaʻi e ka "barrier" aʻiʻi, pāhala, cilantro, mustard lau, kāloti. Hoʻomoʻa lākou i nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka ʻōpala kol.
Kāwī nui ka mākolī i Kāmala inā wela a wela ka wā
I mea e pale aku ai i nā pākeke, ʻōwili ʻia kahi pā masking ma hope o ka moena no ka hopu ʻana i ka lele a i ʻole ʻāpana pepa paha, poni ʻia me ka kumu lāʻau, ʻaila aila, ka meli, a me kahi pā lōʻihi. Pane ka ʻōpala me Entobacterin, Gomelin, Dendrobacillin. E kūʻē i nā hua lāʻau, nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia e Actellic, Ambush, Nurell-D, Kinmiks e kūleʻa ana.
ʻEleʻele Kāleka
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maʻi maʻi i nā māla huaʻai me kahi ʻōpō kīwī. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe kaua, e hiki loa i ka nalowale i ka hua. Kūpono nā mea pākahi i 200 a keu aku paha, hua nā anu i ka honu mai iā lākou e ʻai i nā lau no kekahi mau lā, e waiho wale ana nā alanaka mai lākou aku.
ʻO kēlā me kēia māla ua ʻike i kahi pōkō peni ma kahi o hoʻokahi i kona wā
No ka pale aku, e ʻike pinepine ʻia nā lau, ʻoi loa mai loko mai. Ua luku koke ʻia nā hua ʻike ʻia. Inā nui nā mea o lākou, e pīpī lākou i ka moena me nā pōpoki pia. Hoʻokū ʻia nā pākeke e like me nā hua meli. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka infusion o nā rhizomes o ka burdock, wormwood. No ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā hana i hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Fitoverm, Kemifos, Kinmiks.
ʻO nā ʻōpio kāpili he kūlike wale loa ia
ʻO kahi ala e ʻoi aku ai ka hakakā ʻana i kahi pōpō i ka waiho ʻana i nā lāʻau i kahi moena me kahi hapa o ka egghell i hoʻopili ʻia iā lākou. ʻO ka mea, ʻike lākou iā lākou no "nā hoahānau" a lele lele, me ka manaʻo e noho mua ana ke anana.
Kāhu Kālepa
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻalemua mai nā hua i waiho ʻia e ka waio ʻulaʻula, aʻai i ka lau uhi uhi o ke poʻo o ka kāpeti, a laila komo i loko, a hana i nā "tunnels" lōʻihi.
Kāhu koloa - pōpō pīpī maikaʻi
Ua ʻohi ʻia nā huaʻai a me nā huaʻai. Pīhulu ʻia nā kukupa e ka pīpī ʻana i ka kāpeti me ka hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻana o nā ʻōpala chili a i ʻole kīwī kōmī i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai (10 ipu aniani). Hāʻawi ʻia kahi hopena maikaʻi e nā pahele i wehewehe ʻia ma luna, nā lāʻau lapaʻau Lepidocide, Bitoxibacillin, Zolon. I kahi hihia nui o ka loaʻa pōkoki, ʻo Inta-Vir, Fury, Sherpa, Karate e hoʻohana ʻia.
Loaʻa pinepine ʻia ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka ʻōpio kōpī
Video: nā pōpoki o ke kāpeti a me nā ala e hana ai iā lākou
Ke pāleʻa ʻaʻa Rapeseed
Hoʻokomo ʻo nā pīpī wahine i nā hua ma nā mea kanu. Ua sila "hōʻailona" i kahi o ka masonry me kā lākou iho. ʻAi ʻia ke pala kola a lākou mai nā lau a me nā lau mai loko, e hele lū i waho. Ma kahi o ka kāpeti a me kona mau "ʻohana", ua pā ka pōpilikia i nā mea kanu mai ka ʻohana Celery (kāloti, pāhala, parsnips, coriander), no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kanu iā lākou mai waena aku.
ʻO ka "sphere of interest" o ka sawfly rapese e pili ana i ka Cruciferous wale nō, akā nā mea kanu mai nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe
No ka pale aku, ka pēpē ʻia me ka infusion o ka wormwood, chamomile, tansy, aconite (ʻo nā mea hope loa e hoʻopailua ʻia). ʻO kahi koho ʻē aʻe he hopena o ka pehu o ka soda (70 g no 10 mau lita o ka wai). Ua luku ʻia nā ʻōlima e ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu a me ka lepo me Metaphos, Phosphamide, Arrivo, Actara, Confidor-Maxi.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā kaʻi papaleka pipi i nā lau ʻula
Pelu ke kaʻa
Kūpī nā ʻōpio i ka hua ma ka lepo. Hoʻopau ka ʻōnaʻi i nā aʻa a neʻe hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōpala me ka ʻole i waho. Hana lākou i nā kaila lōʻihi i nā kiko. Hoʻololi ka mea kanu i ka hoʻolālā, maloʻo.
Nā Peʻe Kūleʻa Kūʻai Kālepe i Mei
Holo makaʻu nā poʻe pākeke a puni, e hoʻopuni ana i ka moena me ka dill, calendula, marigold, nā hua ʻalā, coriander, ka celery. ʻAʻohe lākou e ʻae i ka ʻohu o ka valerian. Kīpī ʻia ka lepo me ka lehu, kāpīpī ʻia ka kāpī me ka infusion o ka dandelion a i nā lau burdock paha, me kahi ʻōna saline (kahi wai i loko o kahi pāhaʻi wai) a i ʻole ammonia i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai (10 ml no 10 l). Ke kanu nei i nā hua kanu, nā mea pili o Bazudin, Pochin, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Zemlin i loko o ka lua i ka lepo. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hana o nā lele (hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokō i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pua lilac) i uhi ʻia me ka lutrasil, spanbond, a me nā mea like keokeo like.
He mea paʻakikī loa ka ʻike ʻana i nā nahu o ka lele o ke kolamu, ʻoiai ka nānā pinepine a nānā pono ʻia i ka ʻōpala
Ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka lepo, ua puʻu ʻia me ka puiʻu ʻulaʻa a me ka pepa a i ʻole ka lehu ahi me ka naphthalene a i ʻole camphor. I ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pili, Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Rovikurt a me Trichloromethaphos.
Kikulu
He mea maʻalahi ka nānāʻana i kahi mea hihi. Kōleʻe liʻiliʻi kaho manu-like ʻole i ka hau i ka lewa me ka pākī ʻā ʻia o nā mea kanu. ʻO lāua a me ka ʻai ʻōpiopio i ka wai kāpipila, nā melemele ʻeleʻele e pā i ka lau. Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia moʻomeheu i nā keʻena keʻokeʻo i ka wā e ulu ai i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo. He kūpono kūpono ʻo ia no ka wela, ka haʻahaʻa a me ke ea hou.
ʻO nā keʻokeʻo makua ke kumu no kekahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa me ka melemele, a me nā aniani i ke uliuli, hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano hana i ka hana ʻana i nā hana i home.
Hoʻoweliweli lākou i nā pōpō me ka hoʻolalelale ʻana i nā mea kanu me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka lāʻau yarrow, nā kīkika kākela, a me ka umu o ka lole holoi a i ʻole ka saboa. ʻO ka pākī kālai kiʻi no ka hopu ʻana i nā lele a me nā pheromone kūikawā i kōkua i ka hakakā ʻana me ke keʻokeʻo. Hana ʻia lākou i ke kūʻokoʻa ʻole mai nā ʻāpana o ke kāleka, e hoʻomoʻa iā lākou me ka ʻōmole o ka paila, ka meli, ke lem. Mai ka manawa mai ka home o ka home e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke puhi i ka pōpoki no ka fumigator. No ke kūleʻa i ka pīpī, Inta-Vir, Talstar, Mospilan, Fitoverm e hoʻohana ʻia ana.
ʻO ka hapa pinepine, ʻo ka ʻōpala i ulu i loko o kahi hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hoʻopau mai i nā keʻokeʻo;
Video: nā maʻi maʻi maʻamau a me nā pōpoki o ka kāpeti
Pehea e pale aku ai i ka maʻi kāpeti a me ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā pōpoki
ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi ma mua o ka hakakā ʻana i ka hopena ma hope. ʻO ka nānā pono ʻana i ka kāpeti he liʻiliʻi iki i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki.
I ka kulu, ua ʻohi maoli lākou i ka moena o ka māla. Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā hua a me nā hua pōpilikia. No ka kumuhana hoʻokahi, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i nā nāhelehele a me nā mea kanu lāʻau. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ka manure hou i ka pūnāwai. Hānau ka nui o nā pōpoki ma loko. I ke kauwela, kāpili pinepine ka māla i nā māla a wehe.
Hoʻomaopopo mau ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hua. ʻO ke kūpono, neʻe ʻo ka kāpeti i kahi wahi hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ʻole kēia, ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau makahiki. ʻO nā mea kūpono maikaʻi no kāna ka mau pua, nā mea ʻala palau, kekahi mau Solanaceae. ʻAʻole i makemake ʻole - nā hua ʻē aʻe mai ka ʻohana Cruciferous.
I ka māla, kanu nā hua a me nā hua kanu, e mālama ana i ka mamao i ʻōlelo ʻia ma waena o nā mea kanu. Me ka "lūlū" ma kahi moe, ʻoi loa inā hoʻomōlulu ʻia ke kāpili i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki e pāholo nui aku.
No nā huaʻai, lawe ʻia ke kanu mua, hoʻomanahana iā lākou i ka wai wela a ʻaʻohi paha i kahi hopena o ka fungicide o nā mea ola a i ʻole ka potassium permanganate. ʻAʻole hiki ke ninini ʻia nā hua liʻiliʻi, inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke nalowale i ka hua ma mua o ke kanu ʻana o ka kāpeti ma ka lepo. ʻAʻole ia he mea kūpono i ka lohi ʻana i ke kanu ʻana o ka kāpī i ka lepo - ʻo ia mau mea ola nui aku ka nui o ka pale aku.
No ka mālama ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi, ua koho wale ʻia kēlā mau poʻo o ka kāpeti i ʻole ka mea e ʻike ʻole ʻia nā ala a i ʻole nā meaʻino paha. Hāʻawi ʻia lākou me nā kūlana kūpono ʻole a kūpono paha. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia lākou ma nā moena a i ʻole e hoʻopā pū kekahi i kekahi. Pono e hana ʻia nā ʻāpana; i ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili ai, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hana mua ʻia a me nā pono. Hoʻomaka pinepine ʻia nā ʻoliki ma ka papahele a i ʻole ka cellar, nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia o nā poʻo o ka kāpeti i hoʻomaʻemaʻe koke ʻia.
Mai kala i ka mea kanu inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻike i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi i ka manawa. A hala ua hele ke kaʻina hana, ʻo ke mea wale nō i koe e uha a hoʻopau iā lākou, e hooki i ka pālahalaha ʻole. E hoʻopaʻa i ka hōʻoia, ua disinfected ka wahi ma luna o ka moena.
ʻO nā pilikia e kū mai ana i ka ulu ʻana i nā hua
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻole ka ʻōpala, ʻo ia ka mea mahiʻai ʻo ka māla. Hiki i nā hewa hewa ke mālama i ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana o ka mea kanu. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole kēia ka paʻakikī no ka moʻomeheu. Pono ia e "hoʻoponopono" i ka manawa a hoʻi nā mea a pau i ka maʻamau.
- Nā pua, kokoke nā lanceolate lau. ʻO nā Broccoli a me nā cauliflower kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka huki kālā a i ʻole ko lākou holo piha ʻana. ʻO ke kumu ke nele o ka molybdenum i ka lepo a / a i kahi substrate nui loa.
- ʻO nā wahi melemele ma waena o nā veins, e hoʻololi aniani i nā kala i ka ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula a i ʻole burgundy. Nā kumu e loaʻa ʻole o ka magnesium.
- ʻO nā kihi maloʻo o nā lau, twisting i loko. He hoʻonāukiuki ia ma ka nele o ka manganese.
- Ke hoʻohālikelike nei i nā lau ʻōpio, nā poʻo o nā kāpeti liʻiliʻi, ʻeha ʻōpala o ka kāpeti. E hui pū me ka nele o ka boron.
- Nā lau ʻula. Hōʻea ka hapa phosphorus. Malia paha ua kanu ʻia ka ʻōpala ma kahi lepo ʻē ʻole. Hoʻopilikia kēia i ka hiki i nā aʻa ke komo i kēia macrocell.
- ʻAʻole hoʻopaʻa pono nā poʻo o ka kāpeti i kahi palau a hemo loa paha. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Kāpoliki ma kahi wahi kūpono ʻole (ʻoiai ʻo kahi ʻāpana ʻāpana e kū pono ia) a he kukui ʻē aʻe paha, ʻaʻole i momona ka ʻāina. A i ʻole e pau ka lōʻihi i ka "hōʻino" no kēia. ʻO kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe - kanu ʻia nā hua o ka ʻōpala o ka wāʻala a i ka wā lohi i kanu ʻia i ka makahiki hope loa o Mei. ʻO ia, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka manawa i nā cabots.
- ʻO nā poʻo o ka ʻōpala. Holo maikaʻi ʻole - ʻo ia ka mea ʻaʻole i "hoʻōla ʻia" ka ʻōpala no kahi manawa lōʻihi, a laila maloʻo ka lepo.
- Hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi mau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma mua o kahi nui. ʻO ka mea maʻamau paha, hele mai ka ʻōpala ma lalo o nā kulana no ka wā o ka puna, ma muli o ka hopena o ka ulu ulu apical. Hiki i nā hōʻeha like ʻole ke hōʻeha a puhi paha i ka pupuk i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana.
ʻO ka kolamu kahi māla lāʻau e ʻeha pinepine i nā maʻi a me nā pōpilikia Akā ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka pilikia ma mua o ka hoʻonā ʻana i nā hopena ma hope aku, ʻoi aku inā ua hala loa ke kaʻina. ʻO nā hana pale maʻalahi a me ka mālama mākeke kūpono e kōkua i ka liʻiliʻi o ka hōʻemi ʻana, ʻo kēlā me kēia mea hiki ke helu i ka māla māla i kahi hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi.
