ʻO nā hua waina Agate Donskoy: pehea e ulu ai i kahi hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi

Aia nā mea kanu horticultural, ʻaʻole pono ia i nā hana nui e ulu a mālama, mālama i nā lā nui loa i kēia lā. Akā hāʻawi lākou i kahi manawa e loaʻa i kahi hōʻiliʻili kiʻekiʻe. Aia hoʻi ka mea kanu Agat Donskoy i kēlā mau mea kanu. Kahi lāʻau hoʻowahāwahā a nani hoʻi e ulu nui ana a hiki i nā kūlana kūlohelohe o ke aniani ʻākau.

ʻO ka mōʻaukala o nā mea kanu o nā hua waina Agat Donskoy

Loaʻa ka ʻano pā waina o Agat Donskoy i ka makahiki 1986 ma ke keʻa ʻana i kahi ʻano ʻano mākaʻi (ʻo ka Dawn o ka North x Dolores) a me ka ʻano ʻano Russky Ranniy. Ua hana ʻia nā hana koho ma ke kahua hoʻokolohua o ka All-Russian Research Institute o Viticulture a me Winemaking i kapa ʻia ma o Ya.I. Potapenko (VNIIViV im.Ya.I. Potapenko, Rusia). ʻO ka inoa kumu maoli o ia ʻano ʻo Vityaz. Ma lalo o ka inoa ʻAhaʻo Agate Donskoy i komo i loko o ka papa inoa o nā palapala koho i nā hana koho no 1992.

Mai nā ʻano makua makua hoʻoilina ʻo Agat Donskoy i kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa:

ʻO ka ʻano like ʻole ʻo Zarya Severa mai ka Micurin Seedling o Malengra, i hui pū me nā hua waina Amur. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻokoʻa ma kahi o ka wā mua o ka ulu ʻana (ka wā e ulu nei - 120 lā mau lā), ke kūpaʻa kūwī kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i -32^ºC) a kū'ē i ka maʻi ʻeha. Hoʻohana nui ia e like me kahi ʻano lāʻau ʻōpala loea.
Loaʻa nā ʻāpana Dolores mai ke koho ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano (Nimrang + Amursky). ʻO kāna hiʻohiʻona hiʻona he palatability kiʻekiʻe o nā hua, ke kū kūule o ka maikaʻi, ka lawe maikaʻi ʻana o ka hua.
ʻO ka wā hoʻomaka mua a ka Lūkini he mau wā mua o ka ulu mua ʻana (ka mea kanu 105-110 lā), nā hua me ke kō.^ºC, kūʻai kūleʻe i nā maʻi o ka maʻi (huʻu, ōidium, hina hina).

ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi: ʻAkēkē Agat Donskoy hua waina

: Loaʻa: ʻo ka pale ʻana i ka hau a me nā maʻi maʻi. Loaʻa: ʻaʻole i ʻae i ka maloʻo

: ʻO nā pono: nā huaʻai kiʻekiʻe, ke paʻakikī paʻakikī. Loaʻa i nā hemahema: hikiʻole i nā maʻi jamur

: Loaʻa: maikaʻi mua a me ka palatability kiʻekiʻe o nā hua. Loaʻa i nā hemahema: kūkulu lohi i ka lāʻau, ʻo nā makahiki mua o ka liʻiliʻi o 3 mau makahiki

Vitio: ka hōʻike ʻana o nā hua waina a Agate Donskoy

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o ka ʻohi Agate Donskoy

No ka ikaika ka like ʻole. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻoki hoʻomaʻū kiʻekiʻe, a hiki i 75-80%.
ʻO ka lāʻau i loaʻa kahi ʻōnaehana maikaʻi o ka punawai. ʻO nā aʻa kalepa ka hohonu o ka lepo.
ʻO ka inflorescences o nā hua waina he bisexual, ka mea i hāʻawi i ka hoʻopiʻi pilikino o nā lāʻau.
Kūpono hua huaʻai o nā huaʻai o nā mea mahele, cone-forme, ma luna o ke kiʻekiʻe ākea, ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana o 400 a 600 gram.
ʻO nā hua nā pōʻai, uliuli uliuli ke kala me kahi kāula waxy ʻano (spring). ʻO ka ikaika o ka hua o ka hua, kūpono, ʻōpala, palala ka pulp. ʻO ka lehulehu o kahi berry he 4-6 g.
ʻO ka momona o nā huaʻai he meaʻoluʻolu, akā maʻalahi, ʻaʻohe momona. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa puna o nā huaʻai ka awelika - 14-15%. ʻIke ʻoliʻoli 3.8 mai 5 mau kiko.

Loaʻa i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o Variat Agat Donskoy, no laila, ʻaʻole pono ia ke koho hou ʻana. Inā pono, hiki ke lawelawe e like me ka mea nāna e koho i kahi koho pollinator no nā ʻano ʻē aʻe

ʻO ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o ka hua e pili pololei ana i ka mana o ka lāʻau, ka ikaika o kona ulu. Me ka hoʻonui nui o ka ulu ulu, hoʻonui nui ka hua, hiki i kona maikaʻi ke hoʻonui, ka nui o nā ʻōpala a me nā hua, ka nui o nā pihi i ka lāʻau, ulu ka ulu o kēlā me kēia pana. Inā hāʻawi ʻia ka mea kanu me nā mea ola a pau, a laila hiki ʻole ke kīpē ʻia i nā mea āpau.
A.S. Merzhanian, kauka s. ʻenekele, mākaukau
Manaʻo Manaʻo Hale, Helu 6, Iune 2017

Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻano

ʻO ka'ōpala a Agate Donskoy e like me ka wā o ka wā o ka wā e ulu ana, e ulu ana ka manawa mai ka 115 a 120 lā. E hōʻiliʻili ai ke hōʻiliʻili ma ke kikowaena waena i ka hopena o ʻAukake a i ka mua o Kepakemapa (ma nā ʻāina hema - ma ka iwakālua o ʻAukake). Loaʻa i nā ʻano momona he hopena kiʻekiʻe. Mai ka lāʻau hoʻokahi i ka wā e ulu ana i loko o kahi hale hiki iā ʻoe ke piʻi i 50 kg o nā huaʻa. Ua wehewehe kēia i ka uluʻana o nā pua e hoʻohaumaha i ka mea kanu, ka mea e hoʻopiʻi ai i ka ʻūhū ʻana a me ka nāwaliwali ʻana o ka lāʻau. No ka hua kūpono, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka hua: i waiho ʻia i hoʻokahi a i ʻelua mau hua pua i ke kumu lāʻau hoʻokahi i ka wā kanu.

He loaʻa i kēia ʻanoʻano o ka huaʻulu i kā ia mau hiʻohiʻona. E pili ana kēia:

hopohopo i ka waiho ana;
maikaʻi maikaʻi ʻana o ka māla;
Ua liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā paʻu i ke kumu waina, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka mālama ʻana i nā hua waina i ke kauwela;
ke kūleʻa nui o ka hau, ka lāʻau a me nā pua pua ʻaʻole i hoʻopoina i nā mahana a hiki i -26ºС; Mahalo i kēia, ʻaʻole hiki ke uhi ʻia nā lāʻau pākeke no ka hoʻoilo;
i ke kū'ē i nā maʻi ʻoi i ka nui - hina, hina hina, oidium;
ka mālama ʻana i nā huaʻai maikaʻi loa, i ka wā e mālama ai i nā kumumana i kahi anu i loko o kahi hoʻopiʻi, ʻaʻole i pau nā hua i ko lākou ʻono no 2-3 mau mahina;
ka ao honua no kēlā me kēia ʻano - kūpono nā hua no ka ʻai hou a no ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka ʻona, nā hua ʻala, ka waina, a me ka manuahi.

Ma muli o ke pani ʻana o nā hua me ka aila wulu (puna), paʻa lākou i kā lākou hōʻike ʻana, kūleʻa no ka manawa lōʻihi a kūpono ia no ka hele ʻana.

Loaʻa i nā hua waina o nā hua waina a Agat Donskoy kahi waiwai: ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka pīpī i luna i ke kumu waina, ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou momona. No laila, ʻaʻole koi nā mea ulu ulu i mea e wikiwiki i ka hōʻiliʻili, no ka mea, he lā a ʻoluʻolu ʻo ʻAukake.

Hoʻonohonoho ka huaʻaina Agate Donskoy o ka waiho ʻana i nā lau, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā lignified ʻokiʻoki. Ma muli o ke kūpaianaha mālama ʻole ʻana, me ka kanu ʻana i nā mea hoʻokūkū ikaika, e aʻa ana nā hua ʻōpio me ka ʻole o kekahi pilikia. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻano like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kumulāʻau i loko o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka mea kanu ke ulu nei nā lāʻau lāʻau. Ma hope o ka hoʻolālā hopeʻana o ka lāʻau, hoʻonui ka hua o ka lāʻau a hiki i ka hana kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka kanu a me nā mea kanu e ulu ana i nā hua waina Agat Donskoy

Ma muli o kona keakea kūʻē i ka hau, ua nui ka ʻano o ka ʻikepili o Agat Donskoy ākea. He kūpono ia i ka mahiʻai i ka moʻomeheu ʻole e uhi ʻole i nā moʻomeheu e pono ai: ma nā kikowaena, Central Black Earth, i ka ʻāina Volga, a me nā ʻaoʻao o Northwest, a i nā Urals, Western Siberia a me ka Far East.

Nā hiʻohiʻona momona

I ka moʻomeheu maʻamau o ka māla, hoʻomālamalama, hāmama nā wahi i hoʻomālamalama ʻia e ka lā a i ʻike ʻole ʻia e nā hale kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā lāʻau i koho ʻia no ka kanu ʻana i nā hua waina.

ʻAʻole ʻae nā lāʻau waina i ka pale. Ke kanu ʻia ma kahi kokoke i ka hale, pono lākou e kanu ma ka ʻaoʻao hema a i ʻole hema ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka hale ma kahi mamao ʻaʻole kokoke i 2 m. He mau lāʻau ulu ikaika e pono ai ma ka ʻaoʻao, a i ʻole, a i ʻole nā ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao ma kahi o 5 m mai nā hua waina, nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi - ʻaʻole i kokoke aʻe ma 2 m. E hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka māla mai ka ʻākau a i ke hema ke hoʻomāliʻi ʻia i nā mea kanu e ka lā ma ka lā a pau.
ʻAʻole kūpono nā haʻahaʻa a me nā hollows i ka mahiʻai, no ka mea e hōʻiliʻili lākou i ka umauma, a aia kahi pōʻino maoli i ka hoʻopōʻino ʻana i nā māla waina i nā makahiki hoʻoilo, a me nā mea pani koke ʻole i ka wā lulu a me ka hopena hope. Inā loaʻa ka pākuhi i kahi papa ʻōlelo, a laila kanu ʻia nā hua waina ma nā ʻaoʻao hema a i ʻole hema.
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā meaʻala o kā Agat Donskoy o nā ʻano kūikawā no ke ʻano o ka lepo, ke ulu maikaʻi ma nā ʻano lāʻau. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka mea makemake loa no ke gravelly a iʻa paha, i hoʻomoʻi maikaʻi ʻia a hoʻoluʻolu ʻia. Inā ʻokoʻa ka lepo ma ka pūnaewele i ka ulu ʻana, a laila e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi lepo liʻiliʻi no ka māla waina ma mua o nā mea kanu. ʻAʻole kanu nā hua waina i kahi e piʻi ai ka wai hohonu ma mua o 1.5 m a i ka lepo. ʻAʻole ʻae ka mea kanu i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka lime a me nā paʻakai. Pono ia he kūleʻa a pale iki paha ka hopena o ka lepo (pH 6.5-7). Loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi ma o ke kanu ʻana i nā hua waina ma nā wahi me ka lepo hohonu hohonu, ma nā wahi hoʻopiha, nā kahua kūkulu, nā wahi o nā kahua kūkulu kūkulu ʻia ma kahi o nā ʻāina he mea e pili ana i ka hana lepo, nā ʻōpala paʻa pōhaku, ke one a me nā koena hanu decomposed.
Inā hoʻolālā ʻoe e ulu i nā hua waina ma kahi moʻomeheu paia, ua kanu ʻia nā lāʻau 1 m mai ka paia. Kūkulu nā hale keleawe, nā kaupalena a me nā paia o nā hale i kahi microclimate makemake nui no ka ulu a me nā hua o nā lāʻau.
Ke noʻonoʻo nei i nā hua waina ma ke ʻano he ʻano kūlohelohe e hoʻomākaʻi ʻia i kahi ala loloa, hoʻouna pinepine ʻia i ka hale o ka hale, pale a me nā kākoʻo ʻē aʻe. No laila, maikaʻi ke ʻano o ka Agat Donskoy i kahi hana arched a me nā ʻāpana arbor, i loko o ka moʻomeheu pā. E like me ke kānāwai, ua kanu kahi lāʻau ma kahi hoʻokahi, aʻo kona lei me ka hua i loaʻa ma kahi ʻē aʻe i kūpono iā ʻoe. Hoʻohana ʻia ka palena o ka pūnaewele ma kēia hihia.

Ke hoʻohana nei i ka hale o ka veranda no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā māla i hiki i nā bunches ke loaʻa i ka kukui a me ka wela i ka lā

Hoʻomaopopo mākou i ke kanu ʻana ... Inā nānā nui ʻia nā hua waina e nā hoalauna (e ulu ana ma waena o nā kumulāʻau a i ʻole nā mea kanu), a laila e ʻāpono ʻia ana ka hōʻiliʻili ma nā makahiki. ʻO ka hopena kēia: ulu maikaʻi nā hua waina a hua wale nā hua ma ke ākea, ʻaʻohe lāʻau e kanu iā ia mai kakahiaka a ahiahi. ʻO kēia ka koho maikaʻi loa, pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo ma ia e like me ka mea hiki. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, hiki i ka hua waina ke huna ʻole iā lākou iho, inā ʻoe e haʻalele nui i nā wana nui - ʻo kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo ke hōʻike nei i ke ʻano nui o ka lā o ka ulu lāʻau.
O.N. Andrianova, ʻeuwa winegrower, Saratov
Nā Māla o Ka Lūkini o Rusia, ʻAukake 2, Mei 2010

ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka kanu ʻana i nā hua kanu, he ma mua o ke kūwili ʻana a hoʻomaka ka mea kanu. I ka waena o Mei a me ka mahina o Iune, i ka wā e hala ai ka hoʻoweliweli o ka hau, ua mākaukau nā mea kanu me nā ʻōnaehana paʻa i ke kanu. Hoʻokumu nui ka ulu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hua waina i ka hoʻomake ʻana i ka honua a me nā ea a puni: hele ka mea kanu i kahi kūlana lepo inā hāʻule ka mahana i lalo o ka 10^ºC. No laila, kanu maikaʻi nā mea kanu i ka wā e hoʻomehana ai ka lepo ma luna o +15^ºC.

Wikiō: ke kanu ʻana i kahi hua liʻiliʻi me kahi ʻōnaehana paʻa

ʻO ka nānā aku i nā loina he wā lōʻihi e kūleʻa ana: inā he lepo ka pā ma luna o ka pā, me ka nui o ka ʻāina uliuli a me ke one, a laila i ka wā e kanu ai i nā hua waina, ʻaʻole ʻoe e huki nui ʻia e ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka lua kanu. Hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka mea kanu e hoʻonui i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā lau i ka hōʻino o ka hoʻokumu a me ka ulu ʻana o nā pua hua e hiki mai ana a me nā pua pua, ka mea i kapa ʻia momona. I kēia hihia, ʻo ka lepo māla maikaʻi me ka liʻiliʻi o nā hōʻola, ʻoi loa ka nitrogen, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka kanu. Ma luna o ka mea kanu kai, pono e ninini ʻia ka lepo maʻemaʻe i loko o ka lua kanu a aia wale nō ma hope o kēlā mea kanu.

Inā kanu ʻia kahi mea kanu me kahi ʻōnaʻo hāwaha, pono ia e mākaukau ma kekahi ala ma mua o ke kanu.

ʻO 1-2 mau lā ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, e koi ʻia e mālama i nā mea kanu i ka wai (hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka hoʻomākaukau e hoʻoulu i ka kolo ʻana o Kornevin i ka wai). E hana kēia i ka mako i nā aʻa a me nā aʻa.
Ke pili ana i ka sapling, ua wae ʻia nā kankela hua ākea (e hele a hope nā pua pua. Ke ʻokiʻoki nei kēia mau pua i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau pua. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā koena ʻoki.
ʻO nā kumu kumu nui o ka hua huakaʻi, kahi e lilo ai i mea kumumanaʻo o ka mea kanu lāʻau, ʻoki ʻia i ka lōʻihi o 15-20 cm. wehe ʻia nā koena e koe.

I kahi hihia o ka hoʻokūkū kiʻekiʻe o nā lāʻau i ka wā kanu, pono ke nānā pono ka lōʻihi: ma waena o nā kumu lāʻau - mai 1.3 a 1.8 m; ma waena o nā lālani - mai 2 a 3,5 m.

Ke kanu nei i kahi mea kanu, pono ia e mālama i ka hohonu o ka ʻōnaehana o ka kumu kanu (e pili ana iā 60 cm), pono ka ʻāina lignified o ka mea kanu.

Pūnaewele ʻo Piggy o ka ʻike. Aia kahi pilina pololei ma waena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka aʻa a me nā ʻāpana ea o nā mea kanu. ʻAʻohe kumu - ʻaʻohe ʻoki! No laila, ʻo ka hana mua a ka mea lanakila e ulu i nā aʻa maikaʻi a pale iā lākou mai ka manuahi. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ua kanu ʻia nā mea kanu i kahi hohonu o ka liʻiliʻi o 50-60 cm - kahi mamao mai kahi hau. ʻOiai inā liʻiliʻi ka hua liʻiliʻi, me kahi lālā puʻupuʻu. I kēia hihia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu ʻana i ka pūnāwai, akā ʻaʻole e hoʻopiha i ka lua ʻauila i ka kiʻekiʻe holoʻokoʻa, akā e hana palu ʻo ia ma ke kauwela (a i ʻole 2 mau manawa) ke ulu a pana mai nā pua. ʻO ka lepo o ka pū kanu e ana me 70x70x70 cm e kanu pono ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka transshipment hohonu me ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka nui o nā nui o nā kūleʻa a me nā minela. Eʻae i kēia mau kānāwai, e ulu ikaika ke aʻa kumu o ka ulu lāʻau, ma kahi hohonu, ʻaʻole hiki ke hau.
O.N. Andrianova, ʻeuwa winegrower, Saratov
Nā Māla o Ka Lūkini o Rusia, ʻAukake 2, Mei 2010

Hoʻomoʻa i nā hua waina

ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike kekahi o nā laʻina nui i ka ʻenehana ʻoihana mahiʻai o nā hua waina. Kūpono ka nui o nā makahiki makahiki i ka pono o ka māla. I ka mahina mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, pono lākou e hoʻoulu ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa i ka hebedoma, ke hoʻolako ʻia e nui ka ua. A laila e hele i ka puna wai i hoʻokahi mau minuke 2-3. I ka mahina o ʻAukake, ua hoʻōki ʻia ka hoʻoulu wai e hoʻoulu i ka make ʻana o nā kumu waina.

ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi: nā hana hoʻohālikelike i nā lāʻau waina

: Hoʻokele wai hū makahiki hoʻokahi makahiki i loko o kahi lua, ʻo ka wai kahe wai kahe mai 5 a 15 lita. Ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka wai, uhi ʻia ka lua i ka honua a humched hoʻi

: Hiki i nā ʻōhuhi ma mua o ʻelua mau makahiki i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā lāʻau lāʻau. Ma hope o ka hoʻohāinu ʻana, ua hoʻopuni ʻia ka honua a puni ka pūpū a me ka haku

: ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻoheheʻe ai i nā kuʻuna makua ʻo ia i nā luawai wai. Hāʻawi pololei ka wai i nā aʻa o ka mea kanu, pale i ka ʻuʻū a me ka pohō.

ʻO nā hua waina, e like me ka moʻomeheu ka nui o ka make i ke kūlike ma mua o ka momona-aloha, pono i ka wai maʻamau akā nui. ʻAe ʻōpō ke ʻano o ka ʻano ʻo Agat Donskoy, a no kona mau lāʻau ma mua o ʻelua mau makahiki, ʻekolu mau manawa e kahe ai i ka wā e ulu a mālama i ka wai (hoʻoilo) i ka hoʻoilo ma ka hopena o ka hopena he lawa. I ka pūnāwai, ua hoʻoinu ʻia nā hua waina i ka wā kanu (ʻumi mau lā ma mua o ka pua) a ʻelua mau pule ma hope o ka pua. ʻAʻole ikaika ia e hoʻoinu i nā hua waina i ka wā e ulu ai ka pua, no ka mea e hoʻopili nei i ka hāʻule ʻana o nā hua pua. Hana ka wai ʻōpala aʻe i ke kauwela i ka manawa i hoʻomaka ai nā hua e ulu a ʻūhū (e like me 15 mau lā ma hope o ka lā ma mua). ʻO ka awelika wai wai ma kēlā me kēia ulu ʻo 40-60 lita. Eia naʻe, ʻekolu mau pule ma mua o ka piha ʻana o ka hua, pono e hoʻēmi ʻia, a hoʻopau paʻa i nā lā 7-10 mau lā e pale ai i ka ʻaʻai ʻana o nā hua.

Video: hoʻopau i nā hua waina i ke kauwela

I ka wā ehi ai, i ka hope o ka lau o ka lau a i ʻole ma hope o kona pau ʻana, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka wai. Hoʻouku i ka ʻoi aku o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ke kumuwaina, hoʻopono i ka ulu aʻa, me ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo ʻana i ka hoʻoilo no ka hoʻoilo. No ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o ka makika e pono ai i ka lepo, hoʻohana ʻia ka mulching. E like me ka mulch, mives siderates (mustard, clover, lupine), peat, humus, a me ka lau o ka umu i hoʻohana ʻia. Hāʻawi ʻia ka hopena maikaʻi ma ka pale ʻana i ka lepo ma lalo o nā kumu me kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a i ʻole spanbond.

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua waina

Mea nui ke ʻano nui o ka hānai ʻana i nā hua waina. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ia i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka wā e ulu a me ka hua, ke hoʻopuka nei i nā mea pono pono ʻoiai e ulu a ulu ka lāʻau, a laila e ʻohi nā hua. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lole huluhulu i ke aʻa (me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā mea kanu i loko o ka lepo) a me nā foliar (me ka pīpī ʻana i nā mea kanu mea kanu). Hoʻohuiʻia ma luna o nāʻaʻahu kiʻekiʻe, ma lalo o nā kumu waina e hana ai i nā minerala a me nā fertilizers organik. Hoʻokomo ka hapa nui o ka pauku i ka wā e kanu ana i kahi hua kanu i ka lua kanu. A laila ke kāohi ʻia ka ulu lāʻau ma hope o 2-3 mau makahiki. ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka kanu ʻana i manaʻo ʻia he mau. Hoʻohui ʻia ka laupili me ka eli hohonu o ka lepo ma waena o nā kumu lāʻau o nā hua waina. I nā waena ma waena o nā mea kanu, hānai nā mea kanu.

Lāʻau: ʻaʻa ʻaʻa

Wā noi noi ʻoihana	ʻAʻahu ʻaole (ma 1 m²)		Hoʻomaopopo
Wā noi noi ʻoihana	Hoʻomaka kūlohelohe	Nā minuke wai	Hoʻomaopopo
Ma ke kakahiaka (ma mua o ka wehe ʻana pua)	-	10 g o ametoni nitrate + 20 g superphosphate + 5 g o ka pālea pālea ma luna o 10 l ka wai	Ma kahi o ka minerale hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā pālahalaha kekahi ʻoihana paʻakikī (nitrofoska, azofoska, ammofoska) e like me ke kauoha
Ma mua o ka pua (no 1 hebedoma)	2 kg o humus ma luna o 10 l ka wai	60-70 g nitrofoski + 7 g o ka waikele boric ma luna o 10 l ka wai	Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Humus i 5 mau wai o ka wai a koi i nā lā he 5-7 i loaʻa Hoʻoponopono ʻia ka hopena me ka wai i ka punawai o 10 l
Ma hope o ka pua (2 mau pule ma mua ʻōmike ovary)	-	20 g o ka amonium nitrate + 10 g o kalimagnesia ma luna o 10 l ka wai	-
Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili (i 2-3 mau pule)	-	20 g superphospate + 20 g sulphate pākūkā ma 10 lita wai	Ma kahi o ka potassium sulfate, hiki iā ʻoe hoʻohana i kekahi paʻakai paʻakai (kalerine manuahi)
Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili	-	20 g kaleka pākaha kele (aiʻole 20 g o Kalimagnesia) ma luna o 10 l ka wai	-
I ka hāʻule Sepatemaba-october (1 manawa i ʻekolu mau makahiki)	2 kg o humus (kompos) i lalo o ka eli ʻana	100 g superphosphate + 100 g ka lāʻau ʻalā + 50 g o ka ameka sulfate - no ka eli ʻana	MicroMix Universal, Polydon Iodine a i ole mea paʻakikī me nā mea pena - e like me kauoha

Video: pehea e hānai pono ai i nā hua waina

ʻO kēlā kapa kiʻekiʻe o nā hua waina i lawe ʻia ma ke ʻano kūpono o ka ea (ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o +15^ºC) I ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela, ua noi ʻia ke kanu ʻana me ka wai momona, i ka ʻīwī - i ke ʻano maloʻo ma lalo o ka eli ʻana o ka lepo. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻano lole āpau kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka wahi o ka pōʻai o ka ʻokiʻoki. E hui pū me ka lole luna luna e kūwaho ʻole e pale i ka pau ʻana o ka aʻa. A laila e hoʻopili ʻia ka lepo ma lalo o nā kumu lāʻau. ʻO ka ʻilihune o ka lepo ma kahi e ulu ana i ka hua waina, ʻoi aku ka pono o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka lepo:

chernozems - hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 3 mau makahiki;
one loamy, loam - i kēlā me kēia makahiki 2 i hoʻokahi makahiki;
mau māmā māmā - i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Hāʻawi ʻia ka hopena maikaʻi ma ka kanu ʻana i nā kumu lāʻau ma mua o ka pua ʻana me ka hopena o ka waʻa boric, a ma hope o ka pua ʻana me ka zinc sulfate. Mālama kēia mau lāʻau i ke koʻikoʻi o nā hua waina, hoʻonui i ka kūʻē o ka moʻomeheu i ka maʻi.

Laki: foliar top dressing

Wā noi noi ʻoihana	Palapala topela ʻooliā (no 1 ka lāʻau)
Wā noi noi ʻoihana	Nā minuke wai	Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻopau
3 a 5 mau lā ma mua o ka pua ʻana	5 g o ka waikawa boric ma luna o 10 l ka wai. E hui pū me ka hoʻoili ʻana piliwaiwai	Nitrofoska, azofoska, ammonia paʻakai (ma muli ke aʻo ʻana)
I 5 a 10 mau lā ma hope o ka pua ʻana	50 g lehū lāʻau ma luna o 10 l ka wai	Kaule, Plantafol, Aquamarine, Kemer, Novofert (in mamuli o ke kuhikuhi)
15 lā ma hope iho ka hana o mua	ʻOvary e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana; 50 g lehū lāʻau ma luna o 10 l ka wai	Kaule, Plantafol, Aquamarine, Kemer, Novofert (in mamuli o ke kuhikuhi)
15 mau lā ma mua o ka make ʻana a ʻo ka ʻohi ʻana	3 g superphosphate + 2 g potassium sulfate ma luna o 10 l ka wai	-

Nā wikiō: nā ōlaʻi foliar ʻoi

ʻO ka pīpī ʻana i nā hua lāʻau e pono e hana i nā lā mālie, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ke ahiahi (ma hope o 18 mau hola) a i ke kakahiaka paha (a i 9 mau hola).

ʻOki a ʻoki i nā hua waina

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hopena o nā hua waina i ka ukana o ka lāʻau. ʻO ka ukana o ka ulu lāʻau ka nui o nā hua ulu (maka) i waiho ʻia ma ke kumu waina i ka wā o ka hānai. Inā he liʻiliʻi iki ma hope o ka ʻili o ka maka ikaika, a laila e nawaliwali nā ukana. He alakaʻi kēia i ka hoʻoemi o nā hoʻoili. ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka palahalaha me nā huaʻai he pōʻino nō hoʻi, nawaliwali ka mea kanu, maʻi a maʻi a hiki i ka makahiki aʻe e emi ana ka hua o nā hua waina. Kuhi ʻia ka ukana kūpono o ka ulu lāʻau ma ke kaʻina o kona ulu a hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hua waina. No kahi kanu ʻelua makahiki, ʻo 50% o ka paukū i ʻōlelo ʻia no nā lāʻau hua lāʻau, no kahi kanu ʻekolu makahiki - 75-80% o kēia ʻano.

Vitio: ka hoʻokumuʻana o ka agate bush makahiki Agat Donskoy

I mea e loaʻa ai kahi hua kūpono, pono ke paʻi ʻia ke kumulāʻau i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I ka wā lohi, ma hope o ka hāʻule o ka lau, ua pōkole nā kumu i ka pae o ka 3 a i ʻole 4 mauʻano. I loko o kahi mea kanu i ʻelua makahiki, ʻehā ʻehā mau ulu i ulu a i ke ola e waiho ʻia, a ʻoki ʻia ke koena. A laila ua hōʻoki ʻia lākou i ka male 5. ʻO kahi lāʻau i hoʻopōkolu ʻia ʻekolu makahiki e lawe i nā hua waina 4. E kūkulu i ka ikaika, hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā hua hua ma ka awelika a ʻekolu ma kēlā me ke kumu waina, me ka hoʻonui pinepine ʻana i ka nui o nā kumu waina. No nā hua waina o Agate Donskoy, hana pinepine i nā hua hua hua no nā maka 5-8, akā ʻae ʻia nā maka he 4-6. Loaʻa kahi awelika 35 a 45 mau maka ma ka lāʻau.

Wikiō: nā hua waina ma ke kāwili

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hua'ōmaʻomaʻo o nā hua waina i ka hoʻololi i ko lākou kala, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻomaka ka wā e hoʻomaʻemaʻe nā hua. I kēia manawa, ua pau ka uluʻana o nā kumu waina a hoʻomaka nā lignification o ka pa. Ke hoʻomau nei kēia kaʻina holoʻokoʻa ma ʻAukake. I ka manawa like, e huli nā ʻōpio mai ke ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ke brown, kahi i loaʻa i ka make o kā lākou ʻāpana haʻahaʻa. ʻO kahi hōʻailona o ka ulu haʻahaʻa o nā wana ke pololei o ko lākou poʻo kiʻekiʻe. I ka manawa hoʻolōʻihi a hoʻokuʻu ana i ka ulu, ua hana ʻia ka mea i kapa ʻia, kahi i ʻoki ʻia ai nā poʻo o nā ʻōpio me nā lau ʻōpiopio ʻōpio. Hāʻawi ka Chasing i ka hoʻopau hope o ka ulu lāʻau a hoʻōla i ka hiki ʻana o ka lāʻau. No nā ʻano waina kūpono loa, ʻo ka alualu ʻana he mea koʻikoʻi ia. Me kēia ʻano mea kanu, ua ʻoki ʻia nā pihi (koʻikoʻi nā mea kanu) a me nā pua momona momona o ka ulu nui ʻana o ka makahiki. Inā maloʻo ke kauwela, a laila e haʻalele ʻia ka uku.

ʻO ka mea maikaʻi ke kumu waina a ulu i nā wana lōʻihi i ka wā e ulu ana, e paʻa ana kāna mau hua kanu a me nā hua hua. Ke ulu nei i nā hua waina i kahi home a i ʻole ʻaina kauwela, hoʻohana nā ʻōnaehana kākoʻo penei: trellis, gazebo, parietal, stake. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā trellis.

ʻO ka trellis ka mea e kūkulu ai i nā pou (ka lāʻau paʻa paʻa, ke keleawe a me ka lāʻau) a me ke kelepona (ʻoi aku paha ka galvanized). ʻEwili a ʻokoʻa nā wana i kau ʻia ma luna o nā ʻāpana, loaʻa iā lākou ka nui o ka wela a me ka lā. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka wahi o nā kumu ma luna o ka ʻāina e hoʻomālamalama i ka māla ʻana i ka wā e mālama ai i nā mea kanu a hōʻiliʻili.

ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻoki waina ma kahi trellis e hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomohala a loaʻa aku iā lākou ka nui o ka māmā a me ka wela

ʻO ka mea hou nei, ua pālahalaha ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka punawai palpless i ka ulu lāʻau. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kuhikuhi i kahi liʻiliʻi inā liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻole hiki ke ulu i nā hua waina e like me ke ʻano papaʻāina - i nā lālani. Hāʻawi ka hua tapestry-free like me ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka waina:

Hoʻohana ʻia ka wahi o ka pākālā, hiki i kahi kau i nā wahi kūpono;
ʻaʻohe koi o ka lāʻau o ka māla, a lohi kūwaho i nā wīwī e lohi a lōʻihi;
kinona nā hua pua o luna ma luna o ka ʻāina, hoʻoluʻu maikaʻi a loaʻa ka wela a me ka lā, ʻo ia hoʻi ka liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi;
ka haʻalele ʻana o nā kākoʻo a me ke ua wīwī no ka wana garter e hōʻemi ana i nā mea a me nā kumu hana.

Vitio: kūmole capitate capeate capeate

E kaua aku i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki o nā hua waina

Ma muli o kona mau ʻano varietal, ua loaʻa i nā hua waina Agate Donskoy ka nui o ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi ʻoi. Eia nō naʻe, no ka prophylaxis, ʻoi loa i ke kauwela i kahi manawa o ke ea kiʻekiʻe o ka ea a me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe, pono ia e hoʻōla i nā hua lāʻau me nā fungicides. ʻO ke koho maikaʻi loa e mālama i nā mea kanu me Phytosporin me ka hoʻohui o Zircon. I ka wā ulu e ulu ana, ʻelua mau lāʻau me kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ua lawa: ma hope o ka pua ʻana ma ka manawa o ka manawa hua a ʻelua mau pule ma hope o ka mālama mua ʻana. ʻO ka pīpī ʻana i nā lāʻau e hana pono ʻia e like me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo. Mai hana i nā hua waina ma mua o nā hebedoma ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana.

Inā naʻe, aia nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi maʻi i ka hua waina, pono ia e pipi koke i ka lāʻau me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana mai kahi ʻano maʻi.

mai ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā fungicides Radomil a i ʻole Amistar;
mai ka hoʻolele ʻana ma oidium e hoʻopili ai ʻo Thanos a i Profit paha;
E luku ʻia ia e ka hina hina e Ronilan, Rovral, Sumileks.

ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi: nā māka o nā maʻi kumu o nā hua waina

: Nā hiʻohiʻona keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e pili ana i ka kua o ka lau, kahi e kaʻi ʻia i nā ovaries

: Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Oidium spores i nā ʻāpana āpau o ka kumulāʻau, e pili ana i nā wana, nā hoʻokuʻu a me nā hua

: Nā hōʻailona hōʻailona o ka hina hina: brownish-keʻokeʻo kāwele i ka lau a me ka ʻōkō i nā hua ʻalani

ʻAʻole nā hua hua o nā hua waina o Agate Donskoy e hui nui i ka wai, no laila, ʻaʻole i hoʻopōʻino nā wasps iā lākou. Inā pono, e pale aku i nā wasps, hiki iā ʻoe ke pīpī i nā ʻōpō me ka hoʻonā o ka pauku mustard (200 g o ka paukika i kēlā me kēia wai wai).

ʻO ka wahi o nā lāʻau waina no ka hoʻoilo

ʻOiai ke kū'ē o ka hau huki a me ka moʻomeheu uncultivated, i nā pōkole nui loa (ʻoi loa hoʻi i nā ʻāpana ʻākau o ka kanu) a me nā hau hau hau, ua pono ʻo Agat Donskoy ka pale o ka māla no ka hoʻoilo. ʻO kahi wahi no ka hoʻoilo no nā makahiki he ʻelua a ʻelua paha makahiki.

Wikiō: Ka uhi o kahi hua puaʻa makahiki

Mālama nā lāʻau ʻōpio makua iā lākou i ke anu o ka hoʻoilo ma ka hāʻule ʻana iā lākou i ka lepo. No laila ʻaʻole hoʻopā nā mea kanu i ka lepo, pono e kau i nā papa, nā lāʻau lāʻau, nā mea ʻole i kālai ʻia ma lalo o lākou. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai nā ʻāpana o ke kāwele a ʻohi poʻi maikaʻi a kau ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, e hoʻopaʻa ana me nā kāʻei a i ʻole nā ʻoka. Mai luna mai, ua uhi ʻia nā wīwī me nā liplap, nā mea ʻole i ulana ʻia a i ʻole nā ʻolima polypropylene i loko o nā papaha. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka popo pine. I kekahi hihia, pono e hanu ka lumi i loko, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke uhi iā lākou me kahi kiʻi. Nā pale pale lāʻau, slate, linoleum, ruberoid a i ʻole nā polycarbonate i kau ʻia ma luna o nā mea i uhi ʻia. Noho paʻa nā kihi o ka papa me nā piliki a i ʻole e uhi ʻia me ka uhi o ka honua. I ka hoʻoilo, he pono e hoʻolōʻihi i ka hau ma kahi pale, e hoʻonui ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka papa o ka ʻulaʻula.

ʻO ka maʻamau ma kahi o ka hopena o ʻOkakopa, lawe wau i kaʻu mau kumuwaina i ka ʻeli, ʻokiʻoki iā lākou, ke waiho mau nei i nā waina he 3-4 nui, a ʻo kēlā me kēia mea he 1 knot o kahi o ka hakahaka a me 1 mau hua waina. Hoʻokaʻawale wau i nā pua palupalu a mai nā aʻa, a ʻoki i nā ʻōpala i hoʻomau i kēia makahiki i ka hua waina, ʻaʻole hoʻi i waiho i kahi hemp. Nā wana kahiko a meʻokiʻoki, me ka ʻokiʻoki, e hele mai ana mai ke aʻa, ʻoki ʻia i ke kumu. Ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana i ka hua māla maikaʻi, kau wau iā ia ma ka ʻūhā, kaomi ʻana i nā māla me nā lāʻau lāʻau i ʻike ʻole lākou. No laila ua kali ʻo ia a hiki i ka pūnāwai.
ʻO O. Strogova, he kanaka hoʻokūkū mākaukau, ʻo Samara
Manaʻo Manaʻo Hale, Helu 6, Iune 2012

Wikiō: ka hoʻoilo no ka wā hoʻoilo

Hoike Mai

Aloha. Maikaʻi maikaʻi kahi Agate Donskoy, akā i haʻahaʻa loa i ka hoʻāʻo. ʻO nā'ōleʻa waena. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma compote, ʻaʻole loa. Me ka kahi pōkole pōkole a me ka normalization, ka mea i hoʻololi ʻia ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka tastier, akā naʻe, ka mea i pio ma hope o ka KODYRKA like. PROS: ʻAʻole maʻi. ʻO nā ʻōmaʻomaʻa ʻole me ka pau ʻole a me ka nalo.
ʻO Vladimir, ʻo Anna Voronezh, Rusia
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Aloha kākou! I kēia lā ua wehe i nā lepa hope loa o Agat Donskoy. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻuluʻulu. I ka ʻumi o ka makahiki o ke ola o ka ulu lāʻau, ua loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi loa. I ka huina he 108 nā puʻupuʻu me ke ana he 42.2 kg. ʻO ka paona awelika o ka paio he 391 g., Hana ʻia 800 g. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka trellis he 3.5 m. ʻAkaʻi, ʻaʻole momona, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i ka pai a 500 gr. koke. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka mea nui o ka hōʻailona no ka ʻoihana: ʻo ka lōʻihi o nā wī āpau he 2 mau mika - ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hana me ka minamina a hana i nā hapa nui, ʻaʻohe pā hoʻokahi i ka lāʻau āpau - nalowale nā pae aʻe. hana manual, ʻoi aku ka pale ma mua o nā helu āpau (ʻaʻole i hoʻokahi lau i paʻi ʻia) - ʻaʻohe pono e hana i ka kemika. hana hoʻōla etc. No ka ʻoihana - ka mea kūpono!
ʻO Anatoly Bachinsky, Ukraine
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E like me ka mea e ʻōlelo ai nā kakuhi, heʻano kūlohelohe nā hua waina o ka manawa a me ka PLACES. Makemake wau e huki i ka ʻōlelo i hōʻike ʻia. Inā ma ke kūkulu hema e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hāpai i ka "workhorse" me nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe ma mua o AGAT DONSKAYA, a laila aneane hiki ʻole nā ʻakoʻane i ka hiki ke hoʻokō i kēia. No laila, no kēia ʻano like ʻole o kekahi o ka huaʻiʻo a me ka ʻūhū ʻana i nā hua ʻai a me nā waina ma nā ʻano a pau.
Alexander, Zelenograd, ʻĀpana Moscow
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ʻO ka mākaukau me ka ʻike i loaʻa, ʻo ia ka manawa e hele ai i kahi māla pilikino a i ʻole ka māla a koho i kahi no ka kanu ʻana i nā hua waina Agat Donskoy. Inā pili ʻoe i ka lohi a hoʻomanawanui, e kiʻi ʻoe i kahi moʻomeheu o ka māla e leʻaleʻa iā ʻoe me nā kumulāʻau māla nui i nā makahiki he nui.