Ulu ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kēlā me kēia wahi, akā ʻaʻole nā māla mahiʻai e kiʻi i nā hōʻiliʻili nui mai laila. ʻO ka hapa pinepine, ʻo ke kumu o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi he mau hewa i ka ʻenehana ʻoihana mahiai. Aʻo mākou pehea e pale aku iā lākou a hoʻonui i ka hiki o kēia moʻomeheu mai ka ʻatikala.
ʻO ka mōʻaukala o nā pua raspberry
Mai ka wā kahiko ua hoʻohana nā kānaka i nā raspberry ma ke ʻano maikaʻi. Loaʻa kāna mau huaʻala e nā mea kālaiʻike i ka wā o ka huki ʻana o nā noho kau o nā Bronze a me nā Stone Ages. Ua palapala ʻia hoʻi ke aloha o nā Helene kahiko a me Roma no kēia lāʻau. Kili lākou i nā huaʻai ʻaʻole wale no ka ʻai ʻana, akā nō hoʻi no ka mālama ʻana o nā maʻi like ʻole. Līlani ʻia hoʻi nā Raspberry i waena o nā iwi Slavic: ʻo ka hōʻike ʻana o kēia ka nui o nā kuhikuhi i kēia ma nā hana a nā kamaʻilio waha.
I ka wā kahiko, koho nā kānaka i nā raspberry ʻaʻole wale no ka ʻaina ʻana, akā no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi like ʻole
ʻO ka ʻōlelo ma mua o nā kenekulia i kākau ʻia e like me nā mea kanu o ka māla. Akā, hoʻomalahala nui kēia moʻomeheu i ka makahiki 16 wale nō, i ka manawa i hoʻomaka ai ka moʻo ʻana o nā maka o European Western. Ua hoʻoneʻe lākou i nā kumulāʻau lāʻau i kā lākou mau mea kanu, nānā pono iā lākou a koho i nā ʻano maikaʻi loa. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kenekulia 17, ua kākau ʻia nā wehewehe i nā ʻano like o kēia moʻomeheu me nā hua keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻulaʻula, a ma ka 1826 kahi nūhou me 26 mau ʻano i paʻi ʻia ma Ladana.
Ma ka palena o Lūkia, ua kanu nā hua lāʻau ulu lāʻau i loko o nā kīhāpai a ma lalo o Yuri Dolgoruky, akā ua ʻike ʻia kāna mau ʻano mua ma ka ʻatikala 17 wale nō. Ua lilo koke nā Monasteries a me nā moʻomeheu boyar i nā kikowaena o malinovodstvo. Eia kekahi, ma ka nui o lākou ʻaʻole i hōʻiliʻili wale ʻia, akā ua komo pū i nā hana hoʻoulu. ʻO ka hopena, ma ka 1860 ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā ʻano mea kanu i 150.
I kēia mau lā, kanu ʻia nā raspberry i nā ʻāina he nui o ka honua. Ua ulu ia i nā māla nui a i nā māla pilikino liʻiliʻi. Nā mea i hoʻomaopopo ʻia i loko o kāna ʻoihana hana:
- Lūkia (210 tausani mau kālena o nā huaʻai ma kēlā me kēia makahiki;
- Serbia (90 tausani kau o nā huaʻa ma kēlā me kēia makahiki);
- USA (62 tausani tons o ka huaʻa i kēlā me kēia makahiki);
- Pōlā (38 mau kaukani o nā huaʻa no kēlā me kēia makahiki).
ʻAʻole paʻa ke koho ʻana o nā hua lāʻau. I kēia lā aia kekahi nui o nā ʻano like o kēia moʻomeheu. I waena o lākou, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea kanu me ke ulaula, ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula o nā hua o nā wā e ʻāʻī like ʻole, me nā mea hoʻi e hoʻoponopono hou ʻia..
ʻO nā papa nui o ka ulu ʻana i nā hua lāʻau
Hoʻomaka ka lāʻau ulu lāʻau i ka koho o nā mea kanu. Pono nā mea kanu ʻōpiopio i hoʻomōhala ʻia, fibrous system root without grows or cones and intact stem with a diameter of 8-12 mm. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e kūʻai aku iā lākou ma nā hale kūʻai loea a i ʻole nā māla lāʻau - e kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka hui ʻana, kahi mea kūʻai hewa pinepine nā mea kūʻai aku i nā kalepa liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā kaulike.
I nā māka nui, mālama ʻia nā hua lāʻau raspberry i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo anuanu i ka hoʻoilo
Ma hope o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā hua mai ka māla, hoʻomaka ke ola hoihoi hou. Hoʻopili wale i nā hua pua i ka lepo a poina e pili ana iā ia ma mua o ʻaʻole hana ka hua. No kahi hōʻiliʻili nui, pono kahi mea kanu lāʻau raspberry hou e hahai i nā kānāwai kumu o ka ʻenehana ʻana i ka mahiʻai.
Kūʻai
ʻO ka noho ʻana ma kahi paʻa mau kekahi o nā kūlana nui loa o ka ulu lāʻau raspberry. ʻO nā hala i hana ʻia i kēia manawa ka hopena maoli i ka maikaʻi a me ka nui o ka hua, a i kekahi mau manawa ke alakaʻi i ka make o ka mea kanu. Hiki ke kanu i nā hua lāʻau i ka puka ākea ma ka pūnāwai, ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke ʻano kūpono, a i ka ʻū paha - ma ka liʻiliʻi he mahina ma mua o ke anu. ^ E Ha yM. I nā wahi me ke anuanu, e hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i ka kanu kanu, a ma ke kauwela wela, ʻoluʻolu pū kekahi.
Koho noho
E makemake pono a Raspberry i ka māla maikaʻi, uhi ʻia mai nā wahi ʻo makani. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, ua kanu ʻia ma nā pā a i ʻole nā paia o nā hale, akā pono e mālama ʻia e mālama pono ʻole lākou e nānā i nā mea kanu.. ^ E Ha yM. No kēia, hoʻonoho ʻia nā mea kanu i ka lōʻihi o nā liʻiliʻi o 3 m mai nā hale.
Inā e hoʻolālā e kanu i nā hua ʻōpala kokoke i ka pā mai ka papa corrugated, ʻo ka mamao ma kahi mamao he 3 m
ʻAʻole hoʻohālikelike ka hoʻonohonohoʻana o nā lepo raspberry. Hāʻawi maikaʻi i nā hua loam, loam sandy, chernozemic a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe me kahi hopena acidic a kūleʻa paha. ʻO nā wahi wale nō me ka kiʻekiʻe o ka wai hohonu a me ka lepo lepo lepo hohonu loa, ʻaʻole i kūpono i ka hoʻohuihui o ka makika, ʻaʻole ia e kūpono.
ʻO nā hoalauna maikaʻi a maikaʻi hoʻi no nā raspberry
Ke koho nei i kahi e ulu ai nā raspberry, pono ʻoe e makaʻala i nā hoalauna kokoke loa. ʻAʻole e kanu iā ia ma hope o nā lāʻau a me nā mea kanu mauʻu, no ka mea loaʻa nā mea kanu i nā maʻi maʻamau a pāpaʻi ʻia i nā pōpilikia like ʻole. Eia kekahi, loaʻa kahi ulu o nā raspberry a me nā hua pua ma ka hohonu like, ʻo ia ke kumu e lilo ai nā lāʻau i nā mea hoʻokūkū ma ka lawe ʻana i nā mea kanu.
Hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻia ʻo Raspberry i kāna kokoke kokoke i nā cherries, currants, a me ka buckthorn moana. Ma muli o kēia mau mea kanu, ka mea e hoʻonele i ka lepo, a nele paha ia i nā huaʻai, e ʻike pono i ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o nā huaʻa.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi nā Raspberry i ka kanu ʻana ma hope o nā hua ʻai, ka meli, nā ʻōpala, nā plums a me nā barberry, a me nā mea kanu e like me ke kāleka, marigolds, pāhala, basil, chamomile a me calendula ʻoiai ke pale aku i ka raspberry mai ka hoʻouka ʻia ʻana e nā pōpoki. ʻO ka Dill, ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale i nā iniseti pollinating, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui nui i ka hua raspberry. Ma ka palena o ka raspberry, ua kanu pinepine nā māla ua loaʻa i ka ʻeha, no ka mea hiki iā ia ke kaupalena i ka pālahalaha ʻana o nā ʻōpala ma ia wahi.
Manaʻo nā mea kanu he nui ka pale o ka keʻokeʻo i nā hua lāʻau mai nā lāʻau pest.
Ua hopohopo ka poʻe he nui e pili ana i ka "ua holo" ʻōpala ... I ka makahiki i hala, i ke kakahiaka kakahiaka, ma ke aʻo ʻana o ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia mai Czech Republic, ʻuʻuku ʻo Sorrel i nā lālani lua o ka ʻeha ma ka hapa o ka raspberry - i kēia makahiki ʻelua wale nō "pakele" ma kēlā ʻaoʻao.
Ella7 //forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6905&page=6
ʻAʻole pono e kau i nā hua pua ma nā wahi i noho mua ʻia e nā luna o nā ʻano o ka nighthade. Ma waena o ke kanu ʻana i kēia mau mea kanu e pono ma kahi o 2 mau makahiki. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi maikaʻi no nā raspberry nā huila a me nā cereals..
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu i nā raspberry ma nā wahi ākea kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻokokoke mai ia i nā ʻaoʻao a pau. He kūpono kēia i ka mālama ʻana iā ia, a i ke koho ʻana i nā hua waina.
Svetlana K //club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=1218
Nā kiko'ī o ke kanu i nā ʻōpala
ʻElua mau ala nui o ka kanu ʻana i nā ʻōpala: kahi wīwī a me ka ʻihi.
Nui ka lāʻau i ka kanu ʻana i kēlā me kēia lāʻau i loko o kahi lua kaawale ma kahi mamao o 1-1,5 m mai kēlā me kēia. ^ E Ha yM. He kūpono ia no ka ulu nui o nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe me ka lei ākea ākea. I mea e kanu ai i nā raspberries ma ke ʻano lāʻau, pono ia e hana i kēia mau hana:
- E kāwili i kahi lua 50 × 50 cm i ka nui a hoʻopiha me ka hoʻohuihui ʻana me ka lepo momona, kahi pahu humus, 35-40 g o superphosphate a me 20-25 g o ka paʻakai paʻakai.
No ke kanu ʻana i nā hua pua, nui ka nui o ka 50 × 50 cm ka nui
- E kau i ka hua kanu ma waena o ka lua. E mālama pono me ka hoʻopuʻi ʻana i kona aʻa a uhi iā lākou me ka honua, e nānā ana no kona kahele ʻana. Pono ka ulu o ka mea ulu ma luna o ka honua.
ʻAʻole hiki ke kanu ʻia nā hua lāʻau Raspberry
- E mālama pono i ka lepo a puni ka lāʻau o hope.
I ka wā o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka honua, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke kī paʻakikī i ke aʻa o kahi hua lika
- E ninini nui i nā raspberry a hamch i ka pōkole ʻōpala me ka humus, sawdust a i ʻole nā mea kūikawā ʻē aʻe.
Kāohi ʻo Mulch i ka maloʻo ʻana a puni ka hua lāʻau raspberry
Kuhi ʻia ke ʻano o ka ʻao i ke kanu ʻana i nā hua pua. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka wahi ma ka pūnaewele a loaʻa hou aʻe i nā huaʻai ma muli o ke kaona like ʻana o nā mea kanu ma waena o nā kumu lāʻau. Eia kekahi, hoʻohālikelikeʻia nā raspberries i kēia ala me kahi trellis.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke ʻano kākela i ka mahiʻai nui e ulu ana i nā raspberries ma kahi ʻano kaiʻai.
Kūkulu ʻia nā hua lāʻau i loko o nā ʻanu he:
- E kāʻili i ka helu o ka ʻeluʻu i ka hohonu a ma kahi o 50 cm a me ka laula like ma ka mamao o ka liʻiliʻi ma 1,2 m mai kēlā me kēia.
I mea e hana ai i ka pākela, hoʻohana i kahi kaula kaula
- ʻO kahi papahū o nā mea kūlohelohe paʻakikī (nā lālā o nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā kumulāʻau, nā lau, ke kāleka, nā papa, me nā mea like) me ka mānoanoa o 10-12 cm ua waiho ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka paepae, ka mea, e aniani iki nei, e hānai i nā hua lāʻau raspberry. ^ E Ha yM. E hoʻomaikaʻi i ka palaʻai, kanu ʻia nā koena o ka mea kanu me ka honua a hoʻoinu ʻia me ka wai mahana.
Ke kanu nei i nā hua kanu, hiki i nā ʻāpana ola ke lilo i mea ʻala ʻili
- Hoʻopiha ʻia nā trenches me kahi pānaʻi o ka ʻāina mānoanoa a me nā minela mineral. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka papa lau e pili ana i 10 cm.
Pono e hoʻohui ʻia nā mea kanu minima i ka ʻāina i manaʻo ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā raspberry
- Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua Raspberry i waenakonu o nā ʻōpala me kahi mamao o 40-50 cm a kāpīpī ʻia me ka honua, e mālama pono ana i nā mea kanu.
ʻAʻole pono e waiho kokoke i nā hua lāʻau Raspberry i loko o kahi ʻōpala
- E hoʻopili i ka lepo, ka wai a hoʻomoʻi maikaʻi.
Hiki ke hoʻohana iā Sawdust e like me mulch ma lalo o nā hua raspberry
Ma kahi o ke ʻano o ke kanu ʻana i koho ʻia, pono e kaupalena ʻia ka ʻāpana o ka raspberry. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, nā pahu hao, slate a i ʻole nā mea ʻona ʻē aʻe i hoʻomau ʻia a puni lākou e pili ana iā ia. ʻO ka hana ʻole e hoʻokō i kēia rula hiki ke alakaʻi i ka ulu ʻole o ka raspberry a me ke ʻano o kona ulu ʻia ʻana i nā wahi kūpono ʻole.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā ʻōpū ma nā ʻōpala a i nā hehi paha, akā ua lōʻihi wau i ka haʻalele ʻana i ka ʻāina i nā lua. Ua koho wau i kanu i loko o ka ʻōpala, ʻoiai kēia ka manawa ka wā, akā ʻo ka ʻāpana āpau kahi i kanu ʻia ai nā hua lāʻau e hāʻawi ʻia i nā pono e pono ai, e pili pono ana i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana.
Nedyalkov Stefan Fedorovich Nupepa Kuokoa Helu 5, Malaki 2007
Hoʻomoʻa a me ka kanu ʻana
ʻO Raspberry kahi mea kanu maikaʻi-hoʻomanawanui, akā me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka ea, ua hoʻemi nui kona hua, a me kahi pilikia o ka maʻi, nāwaliwali nā lāʻau a make a make paha. ʻO nā mea kanu ʻōpio me kahi pūnaehana underdeveloped e pono nui ka wai. I ka makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, hoʻoulu mau ʻia lākou, e mālama mau ana i ka lepo nāu.
I ka makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, pono e hoʻohemo pinepine i nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio
He lawa nā wai wai 5-7 i kēlā me kēia makahiki
- i ka puna, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pua;
- i ka wā e hoʻopiha ai i nā huaʻaila;
- i ka wā e ʻohi ai nā hua;
- koke koke o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana.
- ma mua o ka hoʻoilo.
Pono lōʻai nā raspberry akā nui. pono ia e pulu i ka ʻāina i ka hohonu o 20-40 cm. Kēia pono e koi aku i 3-4 mau pōkā ma 1 square. m ka pae aina.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hōʻiliʻili nui o nā hua pua. Kuhi ʻia ia e like me kēia hana penei:
- i ke kumu mua (ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe mua), hoʻopuehue ʻia ʻo Urea i loko o ke kolu o nā lālā (hoʻolimalima ka nui o 20-30 g no sq. m);
- i ke kau kauwela, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā mea kanu me ka hoʻonā ʻana o ka pāhare potassium monophosphate ma ke ʻano o 10-20 g no ka palena pākahi. m;
Pono nā Phosphorus a me potassium i nā raspberries e hoʻonui i nā hua
- mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hua pā, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā hua a me ka hoʻoluʻu huaola kō waiola i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau pule. No kona hoʻomākaukau:
- i loko o 7-10 mau lā, e koi i ka nāu i nāʻu i ka wai mahana (1: 2 ratio), mullein (2:10) a i ʻole nā manu manuahi (1:10);
- hoʻopili ʻia ka hopena hopena, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia 10 mau manawa me ka wai a me nā mea kanu me ka wai o kēia hoʻonā (ʻo ka nui helu ʻai ʻana ma ka 1 lita no 1 sq. m);
- i ka wā o ka ʻeli lohi, lawe ʻia ka superphosphate (30-40 g no sq. m) i ka lepo.
E hānai i nā raspberry, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā kaila paʻa paʻa no nā hua ʻai. Ke hoʻohana nei iā lākou, pono ʻoe e hahai i nā ʻōlelo ʻōlelo.
Kākau
Palapala agronomic mandatory i ka kanu ʻana o raspberries e ʻoki. Hoʻoholo ʻia ia i ʻelua manawa ma ka makahiki: i ka pūnāwai a me ka līwī. Eia naʻe, i ke kauwela ʻaʻole ia e noʻonoʻo i ka nāwaliwali i ka kaohi. I ka wā holo nui o ka manawa, pono e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea kanu i ka mea nui i ka manawa kūpono. Hiki i kēia ke hana me ke kani bayonet koi koi, e ʻokiʻoki i ke aʻa e hānai ai i ke kī hou.
I ka wā o ka ʻokiʻoki ʻana, ua wehe ʻia kēia:
- nā pua kuʻuna āpau;
I ka hōʻulu ʻana, ʻelua mau makahiki hua ʻōpōpōʻeleu i lawe ʻia i waho: kahi brown, lignified
- ulia e nā maʻi pōpilikia a me nā maʻi āpau maʻi ʻole;
- wāwahi a nawaliwali nā lālā;
- ʻōpio ʻōpio i loaʻa ʻole manawa e wī ma mua o ka hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo.
Eia kekahi, ke pōkole ʻo nā koina keu makahiki e 10-15 cm, e kōkua ana e hooki i ko lākou ulu a hoʻonui i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
Pono ka hopena i nā wina i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, kahi o 5-7 mauʻano olakino a ikaika hoʻi ka makahiki. Pau loa ke ʻoki loa i nā wana āpau - ke pale aku nei i ka palalupua nui o nā mea kanu, ka mea e hoʻopilikia i ka nui a me ka nui o nā huaʻa, a me ka paʻakikī i ka mālama ʻana i nā raspberry.
Hoʻopau ʻia ke kinohi o nā hua pua remont i manaʻo ʻia no kahi pākahi lohi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ʻenehana. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka ʻūhū ʻana i nā ʻōpala āpau me ka waiho ʻana i nā ʻōpala ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 2-3 cm o ke kiʻekiʻe.
Video: nā loina nui o ka wī heʻoki huipili
Hoʻomaka ka ʻōlelo puna ma hope o ka hoʻoheʻe ʻana o ka hau. ʻO kāna kumu e lawe i nā wana i kū ʻole i ka hoʻoilo. Ua ʻoki ʻia nā wahi i hoʻopau ʻia i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka palaka olakino mua, a hemo loa nā mea make. Hoʻoulu loa i nā wana lōʻihi. Kūpono loa no ka hua lāʻau i manaʻo ʻia he kiʻekiʻe o 1.5-1.8 m.
ʻO ke ala pono o ka puna kōkōlō o nā kauwela o ke kauwela i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka malinovod kaulana ʻo Alexander Georgievich Sobolev. Hoʻoholo ʻia ia ma nā ʻano ʻelua:
- Kāliki ʻia nā hua ʻōpala makahiki i ka hopena o Mei i ke kiʻekiʻe o 1 m.
- I ka makahiki ʻelua o ke ola o ka pana, i ka hopena o ka pūnāwai, ua wehe ʻia nā poʻo o nā lālā āpau, i ʻike ʻia i ka nui ma muli o ka ʻoki mua, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia.
Ma kēia ʻano hana, loaʻa kahi ulu ulu lāʻau maikaʻi me kahi nui o nā hua lāʻau a me nā ovaries.
Hoʻonui nā raspberry ʻelua i nā huaʻai
Pau nā ʻōhua mamao loa o nā hua lāʻau. Manaʻo ʻia ke ahi e hoʻopau i nā pōʻino pepeke a me nā mea pili o nā fungi pathogen i loko a i ʻole i waho nā kumu.
Pest a me ka hoʻomake
Nā Raspberry, e like me nā hua huʻa he nui loa, e hōʻeha pinepine ʻia i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki. E pale aku iā lākou, ua kaʻina ʻia nā lāʻau e like me kēia papa hana penei:
- i ka pūnāwai, i ka wā wana, i ke aniani ʻulaʻula, kahi anthracnose, septoria a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, hoʻōla ʻia me ka wai o 1% Bordeaux;
- ma mua o ka hānau ʻana i ka ʻōpala raspberry, nā weevils a me nā aphids, ʻāpī ʻia nā mea kanu me Actellic a i ʻole nā mea hoʻomākaukau insecticidal ʻē aʻe;
- ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana i nā hua lāʻau e hoʻomoʻi ʻole ʻia, e hoʻomoʻa ʻole ʻia, maloʻo a hōʻeha ʻia paha e ka galicia, e hoʻou ʻia ʻia me ka wai o 1% Bordeaux. Ma ke alo o nā pōʻino, hoʻopili paʻa ʻia nā kū me ka lāʻau lapaʻau me kahi hopena insecticidal;
- i ka hopena lūlū, ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o nā lau, hoʻōla hou ʻia ka kanu raspberry me 3% ʻo Bordeaux wai.
E kūʻē i nā pōpoki he maha o nā raspberry, kahi kōkua o ka puna wai o Bordeaux
ʻAno hānau
Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ʻia nā raspberries. Hāʻawi ia iā ʻoe e mālama i nā ʻano varietal o ka mea kanu, a hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā hua, e liʻiliʻi ai ka manawa. ʻO ke ʻano lāʻau e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o:
- hua aʻa;
- ʻūnū ahi;
- ʻokiʻoki ʻala;
- ʻoki ʻoki.
ʻAno hua
ʻO nā hua kanu mea ola nā mea kanu pono iā lākou iho, akā ke hilinaʻi nei i ka lāʻau makuahine. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou no ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā raspberry.I loko o nā māla nui, loaʻa nā hua aʻa mai nā wai inu makuahine i ulu ʻia, ʻaʻole ia e ʻae ʻia e hua.
Nā hua lāʻau Raspberry i pili me ka lāʻau ʻo ka makuahine
I nā wahi pilikino, ua koho ʻia nā hua kanu ma ka raspberry hua. Hana ia penei:
- E hoʻomaka no nā mea kanu kūpono i ke kauwela.
- Hoʻaleʻa nā spimensens i hoʻomohala maikaʻi a hoʻāʻo e hana i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no ka ulu ʻana no lākou.
- Lawe ʻia nā hua nāu i ʻole ka huki ʻana i nā mea kanu iā lākou iho.
- I ka wā lulu ma mua, ua ʻohi lohi ʻia nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi a kanu ʻia i kahi wahi hou e hoʻohana nei i ka ʻenehana maʻamau.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā hua lāʻau aikiki i ka wā hoʻoili a kanu ʻia i kahi hou.
ʻO nā loea
ʻO Nettle kahi pua ʻōpio o nā hua pua, i hana ʻia mai nā accessory kunc o nā aʻa keu. ^ E Ha yM. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ia ma ka lōʻihi o 2-3 m mai ka laʻana makuahine ʻole me ka hana ʻole mai ka māla mahiʻai. Hoʻololi pinepine lākou iā ia, akā inā pono ke loaʻa i nā mea kanu hou, lawelawe ia i mea kanu maikaʻi loa.
Ke hoʻomālaʻi nei i nā ʻōpala me ka nettle, pono e mālama ʻia kekahi mau kānāwai:
- ʻO nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio e lawe wale ʻia mai nā lāʻau maikaʻi, e lawe ana i ka hōʻiliʻili nui o nā hua momona.
- ua ʻoki ʻia nā pua a pau mai nā mea kanu i koho ʻia no ke kanu mea kanu, ʻaʻole ʻae i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā hua;
- Mālaʻi ʻia ka māla makuahine me ka aʻai a me ka nīnika e pili ana i ka nitrogen (no ka laʻana, ka urea), ka wai maʻamau a mālama pono i kāna ʻōpala i kāna ʻōpala.
Inā hana pono ʻia nā mea āpau, a laila ma ka hopena o Iune i mau o nā aʻa kumu nui e kū mai a puni ka lāʻau. Eia nā hana penei:
- Ma hope o ka lōʻihi o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻiʻo a ka ona 6-12 cm, ua ʻeliʻaneʻi nui ʻia, e hoʻāʻo ana e mālama i ka ʻolo lepo a puni nā aʻa.
- A laila hoʻoiliʻia i kahi moena me ka lepo maloʻo.
Kuhi ʻia ʻo Nettle ma ka moena ma hope o ka ulu ʻana i ka 6-12 cm
E ka wā hāʻule, e lilo ka pana i hua lāʻau ʻōpiopio me kahi ʻōnaehana ulu, i hiki ke kanu ʻia i ka pūnāwai i kahi kū ʻole.
Vitio: pehea e hoʻopili ai i nā raspberry me nā wana
ʻOkiʻoki ʻala
ʻO nā Raspberry, e like me ka hapa nui o nā hua berry, maʻalahi ke pālahalaha me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo (kauwela). E hoʻokipa iā lākou:
- Hoʻokiʻoki i nā kihi o nā wana 5-6 cm lōʻihi a hoʻoneʻe i nā lau āpau mai lākou, me kaʻole o nā puʻu ʻelua.
- Ma ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka paʻa, ua hanaʻia kekahi mau heiʻau lōʻihi me ka ʻoi ʻoi e hoʻolōʻihi i ka hana aʻa.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā hua lāʻau raspberry mai ka piko o nā wana
- Kūkulu ʻia nā ʻoki ʻē ʻia i loko o kahi kālena me ka lepo lepo a hoʻōla ʻia. Pono ke aloha ʻia nā mea kanu i mua a hoʻolako ʻia me ka hoʻomau mau.
Kanu ʻia nā lāʻau ʻōpalaʻōmaʻomaʻo i nā hale kanu, e hāʻawi iā lākou me ka shading a me ka hina mau
- Me kahi hopena maikaʻi, ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, e hana ana kahi nui o nā aʻa i nā ʻokiʻoki.
- Ma hope o kēlā, wehe ʻia ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
- Kuhi ʻia nā hua lāʻau ʻōpio i kahi paʻa mau i ka hoʻomaka o ʻOkakopa.
ʻOkiʻoki ʻoki
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka hoʻonāukiuki e nā ʻokiʻoki ma ke kanu ʻana o nā hua raspberry, e hāʻawi ana i kahi liʻiliʻi o nā pua. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia hoʻi kona hoʻohana ʻana i ka hihia pili kino i ka wana a nā maʻi a i nā pōpoki.
Ua ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā ʻoki āpau i ke wā lihi. E hana i kēia, e hoʻokō i nā hana penei:
- 15-20 cm mai kahi mea kanu ikaika, ʻeli i ka lua a lawe mai loko aku a iʻa me ke anawaena o ka liʻiliʻi o 5 mm, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi inā paha ma kahi o 2 cm.
- Ua ʻokiʻoki ʻia me kahi pruner koʻikoʻi a maʻemaʻe i loko o nā ʻāpana 15-20 cm lōʻihi, nā mea kanu ʻia ma kahi moena i hoʻomākaukau mua ʻia, kahi paʻa hoʻi ma kahi mamao o 5-10 cm mai kēlā me kēia. ʻO ka hohonu o ka pae ʻāina he mau kenimika paha.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā Raspberry e nā ʻokiʻoki
- ʻO ka luna o ka moena e uhi ʻia me ka mea i ʻole e ulana ai ke kiʻi a i ʻole nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni e mālama ai i ke kiʻekiʻe ʻana o ka moʻo.
- Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka pā hale ma hope o ka hiki ʻana mai.
Ua mākaukau nā ʻōpio i loaʻa i nā aʻa mai ke aʻa no ka neʻe ʻana i kahi paʻa mau i ka makahiki, ka hāʻule e hiki mai ana.
Ke ulu nei i nā hua kanu mai nā hua
Ke hoʻomohala nei nā hua pua mai ka hua he mea lōʻihi a paʻakikī hoʻi, ʻoiai, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻoia i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano varietal o ka mea kanu.. ^ E Ha yM. Kahi ʻia kēia ala o ka loiloi wale nō ma waena o nā mea hoʻouluulu, ka hopena o nā hua hou a me nā pōpoki o nā raspberries.
Ke ulu mai nei i nā hua kanu mai nā hua he nui i kēia mau hanana:
- ʻO ka ʻohi mua i nā hua:
- Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua lāʻau a hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai maʻemaʻe.
- Hoʻowalewale ʻia ka wai, a holoi maikaʻi ʻia nā mea i waiho ʻia ma lalo nei me kahi sieve maikaʻi loa.
- Inā pono, kahi lōʻihi i ka mālama ʻana, ua maloʻo lākou.
Hiki ke mākaukau i nā hua Raspberry e ʻoe iho a kūʻai ʻia paha i kahi hale kūʻai kūikawā
- A laila lawe ʻia ka stratification. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, i ka hoʻomaka o ka hoʻoilo, hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā hua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā ʻeke o ka ʻāhuʻi a kanu ʻia i loko o kahi pahu me ka puehu lepo, kahi i mālama ʻia i loko o kahi friji a i ʻole hoʻi i ka cellar no 3 mau mahina.
ʻO kahi ma luna o ka pahu hau i kūpono no ka stratification o nā hua raspberry
- I ka lā mua o Malaki, ua lawe ʻia ka lūlū ʻana.
- Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua ma luna o ka ʻāina mālamalama, hoʻomālamalama maikaʻi.
- E kāpīpī iā lākou me kahi papa o nā one iʻoi aʻe ma mua o 5 mm.
- Uhiia ka pahu me na huaʻai i ka ipu aniani a waiho ʻia ma kahi wahi i hoʻonoho ʻia.
- Hoʻopōkole ʻia ka honua me ka pū kī. Ma ke ana o +20 ° C, hele mai nā mea kanu ma hope o kekahi mau pule.
I ke ana wela o +20 ° C, puka mai nā hua raspberry i loko o nā hebedoma
- I ka papa o 3-4 mau lau maoli, hoʻomaka nā mea kanu i ka paʻa i ka lewa hou. I ka manawa mua, ʻo ka manawa i hala e nā mea kanu ma ke ala e ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 6 mau minuke, a laila e hoʻonui lohi i kekahi mau hola.
- Ma hope o ka hiki i nā mea kanu ʻōpiopio i ke kiʻekiʻe o 10 cm, kuʻekuʻe ʻia i loko o nā mea ʻokoʻa.
Kālila hua ʻōpiopio 10 cm ke kiʻekiʻe nui i nā hue ʻokoʻa
I ka papa ākea, ua kanu ʻia nā hua lāʻau i nā makahiki ma hope o ka hiki ʻana mai.
ʻAʻole ulu wale nā hua a Raspberry, no laila ka ulu ʻana, pono lākou i ka scarification (nāwaliwali o ka palaka hua, no ka laʻana, he 15 mau minuke i ka waikawa sulfat) a laila, a laila, hiki i ke kūleʻa ʻana no kahi mau mahina, a laila i ka wā kanu e kanu ai i nā ʻōpala maikaʻi. Inā ʻoe e lulu, hiki paha i kekahi mea e ulu mai, a ma ka makahiki 2 a ʻo 3 ka mea pū kekahi.
vlad12//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=59937
Nā ʻano ʻāpana ʻōpala o nā ʻōpala ʻōpala
ʻAʻole hiki i nā māla ke hoole i ka fudge a me ka pupule - no ka hana ʻana i nā kūlana kūpono loa no nā raspberry, hoʻomaʻamaʻa lākou i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka kanu ʻana.
Ma nā trellis
Kūʻai pinepine ʻia nā hua lāʻau ma nā hua pua. Me kēia ʻano, mālama ʻia nā kumu lāʻau i kahi kūlana kūpono, ma muli o ka hoʻokō maikaʻi ʻia a me ka pono ʻana o nā mea kanu, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka maʻi a hoʻemi ʻia ka hopena o nā maʻi.. ^ E Ha yM. Eia nō naʻe, ma loko o kahi ʻōpala, e hoʻopā aku nā hua i ka ʻāina, ʻo ia ka mea e hele ʻole ai lākou i ka lepo a ʻaʻole e pala mai ka launa ʻana me ka lepo maloʻo a me ka lepo.
Ke kanu nei i nā hua pua, ʻelua mau pālule:
- ka laina hoʻokahi - ua kākoʻo ʻia kekahi mau kākoʻo kūlima me kahi kaula paʻa a i ʻole kahi kaula ikaika, kahi e hoʻopili ai i nā ʻōpala raspberry.
ʻO nā kuʻekuʻe raspberry kahi ala hoʻokahi - he mau kākoʻo kūleʻa kēia me kahi kaula kaula
- ke ala ʻelua - kiʻi ʻia e ka hiki ʻana o nā wailua ʻelua i ke kūpaʻa a hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia i hoʻokahi a i ʻole kekahi pae. ʻO kēia ʻano hoʻolālā e hiki i nā pua raspberry ke kanu i nā ala like ʻole a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka palalulu lāʻau raspberry.
No kahi trellis kaʻawale hoʻokahi, kahi lāʻau lāʻau a i ʻole nā mea kila o ke anawaʻa liʻiliʻi e hiki ke lilo i ke kākoʻo. Me ke ala ʻelua, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kūlana. Ke kākoʻo nei no ia, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana 3 like:
- Hoʻololi ka puka puka - i kahi waihona kū i hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua i pae paha, ma nā kihi o ia pili i kahi kaula;
ʻO ka trellis T-maʻalahi ka maʻalahi iā ʻoe iho
- Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā kākoʻo V - e pili ana i ke kihi o 60 ° i kekahi i kekahi;
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka trellis V-ʻano ka mea hoʻololi i ke kihi o ka inclination i ka manawa
- Y-ʻano hana - kau ʻana i nā pihi e kau ana ma luna o nā ʻalemona, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi i ke kuʻihi o ka makemake.
Hoʻohui ʻia ka lāʻau Yell ʻano me ke kaʻe no ka hoʻoilo, a hōʻiliʻili pinepine i ka pūnāwai e like me ka pono
Video: hana i nā raspberry trellis
Pono nā hua lāʻau Raspberry e ulu wale ma luna o kahi trellis, hōʻike ʻia kēia ma ka ʻike o miliona. Ke kanu nei i loko o nā lālani, i ka wā e hoʻokomo ai i nā pōpoki a me ke ua, hiki i kāu mau raspberries ke hoʻopiʻi i nā 6-8 mau manawa he nui i kēlā me kēia makahiki a i ka manawa like kahi e loaʻa ai nā hua momona kiʻekiʻe loa. ʻO kāu mau hana āpau e nalo aku i ko lākou manaʻo inā ʻaʻole kou hiki i kāu lāʻau ʻala (raspberry plant) ke hōʻike i kāna mau kūlohelohe a huki i kona ola ʻana e like me nā raspberry hihiu.
gimlete //forum.na-svyazi.ru/?showtopic=1860151
ʻEnehana ʻokoʻa
Me ka ʻenehana lāʻau raspberry hoʻokaʻawale, ulu nā makahiki a me nā mea ʻelua o kēia hua i nā wahi i pili ʻole i kekahi. ^ E Ha yM. Ma kekahi o lākou, ua kālele pono ʻia ke aʻa holoʻokoʻa āpau, waiho wale i nā hua hua wale. Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili o nā hua waina, kanu ʻia nā pua a pau no ka hoʻoilo ke waiho ʻia nā wahi maʻemaʻe. I ka ʻāpana lua, ua ulu a ʻōpio liʻiliʻi. Ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki, loli nā mea āpau. I ka papa mua, puka mai nā pua kuʻuna, a ma ka lua - hoʻomaka nā hua pua i ka makahiki.
ʻO kēia ala o ka ulu ʻana i nā raspberry e pale i ka maloʻo nui loa o nā māla kanu. Eia kekahi, hiki ke mālama maluhia i nā lāʻau kuʻuna i nā lāʻau me nā mea e pale aku ai i nā ʻano o nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki, me ka hopohopo ʻole o ka make ʻana i ka hua e pono ai. ^ E Ha yM. Akāʻo nā ʻenehana kaʻawale he mau drawbacks ia. ʻO ka mea nui ka mea paʻakikī o ka wehe ʻana i nā aʻa aʻa i nā wahi me nā ʻoki he ʻelua makahiki.
Wikiō: ʻenehana nā wī huaʻōlepa raspberry ulu
Kaʻina lāʻau
ʻO ke ala shale no ka ulu ʻana i nā ʻōpala e kūkulu ʻia e A. G. Sobolev. ʻO kona hiʻohiʻona hoʻohanohano ʻo ka hoʻololi i ke kūlana kū o ke kola hua hua i ka semi-horizontal. Hoʻonohonoho lākou i loko o ka pōʻai i ke kiʻekiʻe o 30-40 cm mai ka lepo. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o kēia ʻano hana me ka mālama pālua ʻana i ka puna wai ʻelua i hōʻiliʻili ai ʻo Sobolev a hōʻea i 4 kg o nā huaʻai mai hoʻokahi pua o raspberry. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻonui ka lōʻihi o ka fruiting a i ka 90 lā.
Eia kekahi, hiki i ke ala shale ke kanu i ka pua o ka raspberry makahiki a me nā makahiki ma ke ʻano hoʻokahi, e pale ana i ka hana like ʻana. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hua hua o nā hua mua e ʻaka nei i loko o ka ʻalā, kahi i loko o ka pōʻai, ke kumu o ka ulu lāʻau i ulu ai nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio. I ka wā e pau ai ke kauwela, ua hoʻopau ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki oʻelua mau makahiki, a ua loli ke ʻano o hoʻokahi makahiki i kekahi. A pēlā aku i ka ad infinitum.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūikawā o ka hana stlan o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kūlana kūpaʻa o nā pua hua i kahi semi-horizontal
Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻenehana mahiai ma nā wahi like ʻole
ʻO nā raspberry Agrotechnics ma nā wahi like ʻole i loaʻa kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona. Ua pili ia i nā kūlana climatic.
Ma ka ʻāina ʻo Moscow a me kahi waena waena o Rūsia
Ma nā kahawai a me ka waena o Russia, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hua raspberry e ulu nui ana a hua mai i ka hua, akā ʻo kekahi o lākou ʻaʻole e ʻae i ke anuanu o kēia wahi. I mea e pale ʻole ai i ka pīkī ʻana, ua kū lākou i ka ʻāina. Kūkulu nā mea kanu i kēia ala ke loaʻa koke iā lākou iho i ka hoʻoilo, pale lākou iā lākou mai ke anuanu.
I mea e pale ʻole ai i ka pīkī ʻana i nā pua, i ka waena waena o Rūsia e hoʻohiki ʻia nā hua lāʻau raspberry i ka ʻāina i ka ohi
I Siberia
Ma Siberia, uaʻoi aku ke kūlana o ka hoʻoilo ma waena o ke ala waena, no laila ʻaʻole lawa ka lawa ʻana i nā pua. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ho'ōla iā lākou me ka uhi ʻana iā lākou me ka uhi ʻana i nā mea a me nā kiola iā lākou i nā lālā pihi. ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia nō nā ʻano hemo-maloʻo ka hoʻokaʻawale maʻalahi i nā lua Siberian me ka ʻole o ka pale, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou ʻaʻole i ʻokoʻa i ka hopena maikaʻi a me ka hopena kiʻekiʻe.
I nā kūlana o Siberia me nā haʻalulu koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uhi ʻana i nā raspberry me ka pulu no ka hoʻoilo
Ma Kuban a ma Ukraine
Ma ke Kuban a me Ukraine, ua kūlike ke kūlana. Eia, lāʻau pinepine ka raspberry i ka wela o ke kauwela a me ka maloʻo. I kēlā mau kūlana, maikaʻi loa ka drip irrigation. Wahi a nā māla ua ʻike ʻia, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka huahana ma 15-25%. No ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka make wai, pono ke kanu ʻia nā hua lāʻau raspberry ma kēia mau ʻāina.
I loko o nā wahi wela me kahi anu wela, ua maopopo nā māla raspberry i ka mulch e mālama i ka makuku
I Belarus
Hoʻohui kūpono ke aniani o Belarus no ka māla raspberry. Akā hiki i ke ʻano o ka humuhumu keu o kēia ʻāina ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā maʻi fungal. I mea e hoʻemi ai i ka hopena o ka maʻi, pono ia:
- ʻaʻole e ʻae i nā pua;
I mea e pale ai i nā maʻi, he mea nui e pale i ka ʻōpala raspberry
- hana pinepine i ka mālama pale ʻana o nā kanu kanu;
- Hoʻopaʻa i ka manawa kūpono a me nā ʻōpio i hōʻino ʻia.
ʻAʻole kahi moʻomeheu koʻikoʻi kahi lāʻau Raspberry, ʻo ka kanu mea e maʻalahi ke hiki i ka māla mea hoʻomaka. Akā inā hāʻawi aku iā ia i kahi hoihoi hou aku, e hoʻomaikaʻi maoli ʻo ia i nā raspberry me ka ʻohi nui o nā hua ʻono a maikaʻi.
