ʻO Muscat grape Rusbol: wehewehe wehewehe me nā ʻano a me nā loiloi

ʻO nā māla waina kekahi o nā hua mua i hana ʻia e ke kanaka. Ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe i ka viticulture 6 tausani mau makahiki i hala. No ka hoʻohālikelike, ua hānai ʻia ka palaoa i 7 mau makahiki i hala. I kēia lā ma ke ao nei he iwakālua mau tausani hua waina. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ke koho ʻana mai ia ʻano ʻano like ʻole, ʻoiai inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e hoʻomaka i ka viticulture. Ma muli o kāna mau hiʻohiʻona, maikaʻi loa ʻo Rusball e like me ka hōʻili mua i ka pūnaewele.

ʻO ka mōʻaukala kumu i loaʻa i nā ʻano lāʻau like o Rusbol

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku nā ʻano hua waina hou i kahi keʻena noiʻi kūikawā. ʻO kekahi manawa ua lawe ʻia nā mea hou e nā mea ulu ulu. Akā he lāhui kūʻokoʻa a Rusball. ʻO kēia ʻanoʻokoʻa ka hopena o kahi hana pū i ka NIIIViV (Bulgaria) a me ka Y.I. Potapenko (Lūkia). Loaʻa ʻia ʻo Rusball ma muli o ke kālai ʻana i kahi pā kula nui o ka Europa-ʻAmelika HC 12-375 me ke ʻano o Overbearing. ʻO nā mea kākau o kēlā ʻano, ʻo ka hui Lūkini-Bulgaria hoʻi o ka ʻepekema: I.A. Kostrikin, L.A. Maistrenko, A.S. Skripnikova, I. Ivanov a me V. Vylchev.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano pāhele lāʻau Rusbol

ʻO Rusbol kahi māla huinahui maikaʻi o ka papa ʻaina papa a me ka ʻawa. ʻO ka ulu ulu ana he 115-125 lā. Bisexual ka pua pua. Mālama ʻo Rusball i kahi hana pollinator no nā ʻano lāʻau like āpau i loaʻa ka manawa pua like.

Loaʻa i nā hua momona o ka Amber-melemaka ke ʻano maikaʻi. ʻO ka loiloi loiloi o nā hua waina hou 6,6, a me nā maloʻo maloʻo - 7.8. Pōpala ka ʻiʻo penu. Nā hua ʻai o ka ʻehā o ka hua kīnā ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi, me nā hua nui o nā hua he 40-60 mg. ʻO nā hua kūpono o Rusbol e hāʻawi i kahi mea ʻono maikaʻi i ka ʻoli. ʻO ka paona o ka mea Berry e 3-4 g. ʻO nā wāwae o ka ʻula. Kōmaha puna - 19-21%, waikawa - 5-8 g / l. Anuanu ka paʻu, ʻike iki i ka wā e ʻānai ai i nā hua waina. ʻO ka paona o ka pūpū he 400-600 g, i kekahi manawa a hiki i 1,5 kg. ʻO ka maʻamau ka nui o ka haki o ka hua waina ma ka hopena a hiki i ka 1 kg, ka lua - ma kahi o 600 g, ke kolu - ma kahi o 400 g. ʻO ka ʻeke a wīwī paha a loli paha ka hana, e like me ka lūlū ʻia. No hoʻokahi pua i ka awelika o 1.5-1.9 mau hua waina. Pono ka hānai a me ka mākeke o ka hua, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia nā hua, no ka mea lōʻihi loa, akā, no ka mea nāna e lūlū nā hua, ʻaʻole ulu nā ʻano like ʻole no ke kūʻai aku i ka ulu lāʻau, i kanu ʻia i loko o kona aʻa, hoʻomaka e hoʻohua i ka hua i ka makahiki ʻelua. Kuhi ʻia nā hua no ka hoʻohiʻona hou a i ʻole no ka hoʻomaloʻo.

Ma lalo o kēlā mau kukui, ua ʻike maopopo ʻia ka hapa nui o Rusbol - nā ʻōpala rudimentary

Ua kapa ʻia nā hua waina Muscat me nā hua waina me kahi ʻono musky hiki. I kēia lā, manaʻo ko nā mea ʻepekema ʻo kēia ka pūʻulu kahiko o nā ʻano, a me ka nui o nā māla maikaʻi mua i nā nutmeg.

Kahi ʻia ka lāʻau, ʻōpiopio ʻia e nā ʻokiʻoki a loaʻa i kahi kūpono o ka nui o nā rootstocks. ʻO ke kūpaʻa Frost -25С °. Ua hoʻokumu ʻo Rusball iā ia iho me he mea ʻole ka uhi ʻole.

Hoʻokele: ka helehelena o nā hua waina Rusbol

Loaʻa iā Rusbol kahi hopena kiʻekiʻe, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia, inā ʻaʻole no ka mea kanu e pau nā mea āpau. ʻAʻole ia e halihali i ke kaumaha o kāna mea ponoʻī a ʻoki. Pono e wehe i nā nāwaliwali palupalu i mea e hoʻoulu ai i ke koena o nā koina e hiki ai ke hāpai i nā kaumaha o nā nui o nā auʻai.

ʻO ka ʻano like ʻole o ka Rusbol ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi o ka manu, me ka hina hina, wīwī a me ka oidium.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kanu a me nā mea kanu ulu o nā hua waina Rusbol

ʻO ka papa mua a me ke kūpono nui o ka kanu ʻana i ka hua waina ke koho pono i kahi lāʻau olakino a maikaʻi hoʻi. Eia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o kahi huiki e pono ai ʻoe e uku mua i nā mea mua:

1. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana ka mea nui ka hōʻailona nui o ka hiki a seedling viability. He hōʻailona maoli kēia o nā lau palalaha a ua make ka mea kanu a hiki ʻole ke hōʻailona ʻē aʻe. E noi i ka mea kūʻai aku e hoʻoneʻe i ka papa mai luna mai kahi kumu me kahi pruner a i nā pahi paha. Ma lalo o ka pālolo e ʻike ai ʻoe i kahi keokeo ke ola keʻokeʻo.
2. Pono ke ʻano o ka pakele. E hana i kahi kahaki liʻiliʻi me kahi kālā ʻole a me ka manamana lima paha ma ka ʻili. Ma lalo o ka'ōpala brown e pono ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi papa o nā hale ola ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
3. Pono nālima e paʻi i ka paʻi. A ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole pono nā nā unahi ma luna o lākou.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i nā kanu kanu, pono nō ʻoe e hoʻoholo ma kahi o ka māla. ʻAʻole hiki i nā māla ke ʻae i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka wai me ka wai ka wai kiʻekiʻe, no laila ʻaʻole pono e kanu ʻia i nā wahi kahi i kokoke ʻole ka wai. E koho i kahi i hamama, maikaʻi. ʻO ka hōʻemi kēia o ka maʻi me ka maʻi maʻi kūmokele e ulu maikaʻi i ka ea, hoʻoluʻu, kūlohelohe i ka lewa. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā hua waina ma kahi nui. Makemake ʻo ia i ke alo mai ka maiʻa mai nā lāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau i pili iā ia.

I kēia manawa pono ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau i nā lua pae ʻāina. E eli i nā lua me ke anawaena o 30 cm a hohonu a 45-60 cm. No ka maʻalahi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka drill mana honua ma kahi o kahi kīopaha. Kāwili i ka honua i kālai ʻia me ka humus a me ka one ma kahi pā o 2: 1: 1.

ʻO ka mea kanu mea kanu no nā hua waina Rusball

1. Ma ka lalo o ka lua, e ninini i 10 cm o ka pālahalaha ākea a i ʻole ka haki ʻili. E kōkua ka pā ʻana no ia me ka nui o ka wai o ka makika i ka lepo a hāʻawi i nā hua waina i ka nui o ka ea e hanu ai i nā aʻa.
2. E kāpīpī i ka 5 cm o ka paila i ka hoʻohui o ka ʻāina i hoʻomākaukau ʻia.
3. E mālama pono i ka hu aʻe i loko o ka lua. Pono e kiʻi ka pūnaewele huakaʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1-1,5 cm ma luna o ka pae o ka lepo. E hoʻopiha i ka lua me ka honua a hoʻomoʻa i ka wai. Hoʻokahi paha hoʻokahi pahu (10 l).
4. Ma hope o ka waiho ʻana o ka lepo, hoʻohui i ka honua a me ka tamp. Hoʻopaʻa paʻa i nā mikroparticles o ka lepo i nā lauoho kumu, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hua kanu piha.
5. E pīpī i ka hua kanu ma luna me ka honua i hoʻokaʻawale, huna iā ia ma lalo o kahi kuʻu liʻiliʻi.

Mālama iā Rusball i ka makahiki āpau

He ʻano mea ʻole ka Rusball, no laila, ʻo nā hana ʻoihana agro-pono e pono ai no ia mea he ʻano maʻamau; E hoʻoheheʻe wale no ka lāʻau ma ka hoʻokahi i hoʻokahi pule, akā he nui: ma kahi o hoʻokahi wai o ka wai ma ka mea kanu (10 l). Mai hoʻomanaʻo i nā hua waina ʻaʻole i ʻae i ka wai kūloe. Hoʻopilikia i ka wā o ka makahiki e like me kēia:

1. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka lole lole mua ma luna o ka pūnāwai, ma mua o ka pua nā pua. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ho'ōla me ka ipo i lalo: i ka 10 l o ka wai, hoʻoiho iā 20 g o ka superphosphate, 10 g o ka ammonium nitrate a me 5 g paʻakai pālolo. E lawa kēlā paʻapū i hoʻokahi lāʻau.
2. Eia hou, e hānai i nā hua waina me kahi ʻano like ʻole ma mua o ka pua.
3. Ma hope o ka hoʻonā ʻana o nā hua, e hoʻomaʻi hou i ka lole o luna, akā i kēia manawa ke kāpae i ka ammonium nitrate mai ke aniani. Inā ʻaʻole, hoʻoulu ka nitrogen i ka ulu o nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole e mana ka mea kanu i ka ulu.
4. Ma hope o ka hua ʻana, pono nā hua waina i ka hānai i ka pāhare. E kōkua kēia iā ia e ola mai ke hoʻoilo. No kēia mau pahuhopu, hoʻohana i ka hopena o ka paʻakai pākela, aia kahi me 40% potasi. Hoʻopau i 20 g o ka paʻakai paʻakai i 10 l o ka wai. A lawa kēia e hānai i ka mea kanu.
5. I kēlā me kēia mau makahiki ʻekolu i ka hoʻoilo, pono ʻoe e hoʻohua i ka māla me ka manure. E hohola i ka lae i ka palupalu ma luna o ka ʻili o ka honua a eli iā ia ma ke kuikeke o ka ʻala.

Video: Hoʻomoe maikaʻi ke kanu ʻana

ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau o Rusbola i loko o nā bunches

I kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo Rusball i kahi mea kanu hoʻomalu. Loaʻa kekahi i ka manaʻo e noʻonoʻo ʻole kēia mea kanu e pili ana i nā hopena i ka wā e waiho ana i ka inflorescences. Hāʻawi kēia i ka kaohi ʻana i ka lāʻau me kahi hua, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka wā māhuahua o nā hua waina a me nā pā waina. No laila, i ka wā e ulu ana iā Rusbola, pono ia e hoʻomalu i ka nui o nā pihi a me nā ʻūhū ma ka lāʻau.

ʻO ka mea mua, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i ka nui o nā huaʻai e hānai i kahi pana. I ka awelika, ʻike pono ka helu 18-20 lau e hoʻolako i kahi nui o nā waihonaʻai o 0,5 kg o nā huaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻokahi ʻāpana o Rusbola.

Ke komo ka lāʻau i ka wā pua, e hoʻomālamalama ʻia ma ke ʻano ua kū ʻole ʻole nā ​​inflorescences. Pono e wāwahi ʻia loa lākou i mea ʻole ka pau ʻole o nā mea kanu. Pono ʻoe e hōʻoki i nā ʻōpala me ke kuʻekuʻe, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e loaʻa ka mea kanu i nā hōʻeha koʻikoʻi a e ola wikiwiki ka hōʻeha.

Ma hope o kua pau ka hua waina, haʻalele i nā ʻōpala nui loa, e hoʻoneʻe ana i nā secateurs i ʻōlelo liʻiliʻi ʻia. I kēia manawa e nānā i ke koena o ke koena, ua ʻōlelo pū ʻia nō hoʻi e ʻokiʻoki ʻia, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā lālā liʻiliʻi.

Wikiō: Ka hana maʻamau o nā hua waina

Ka pale ʻana o Rusbol i nā maʻi maʻi

ʻO ka ʻenemi nui o Rusbol nā maʻi maʻi. ʻO nā puʻupuʻu mikroskopika ke kumu a me nā mālamalama hina, hina a me ka oidium. Pōʻī ʻia kēia mau maʻi i ka wā e mahana a wela ke ʻano o nā wā ma kahi lōʻihi. Nui nā hoʻomākaukau hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka maʻi manuahi i hoʻolālā ʻia e pale i nā maʻi maʻi. Akā e wānana mua i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau a pehea e hoʻopili ai i kahi ʻano kīloi kūkea ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana i aneane hiki ʻole. No laila, i kēia lā, mau ke keleawe keleawe i nā mea antifungal maʻamau maʻamau.

Hoʻopili i ka mālama lāʻau mua i ka puna ma mua o ka hāwī ʻana o nā pua. No ka hana i kēia, pono ʻoe i kahi hopena o ka 0,5% o ka keleawe keleawe: hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka 50 g o ka vitriol i 10 l o ka wai. E hana hou i ka mālama ʻana i ka hāʻule, ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka lau, akā i kēia manawa e hoʻohana i kahi hopena i ʻoi hou ʻia: 3% hopena no nā ʻōpio ʻōpio a me 5% hopena no ka pākeke. Me ka mea, 300 a 500 g o vitriol no 10 pākaha o ka wai.

Wikiō: Pehea e hana ai i nā hua waina me ka keleawe keleawe

Hōʻikeʻike e pili ana i nā ʻano māka waina Rusball

Ke ulu nei ia ma kaʻu pūnaewele ma kahi wahi e ʻike wale ai ka lā mai ka 12 a hiki i ka 18-00, akā ua pālahalaha kino maʻamau ... E hoʻomaka ana ʻo Kepakemapa 1, akā ʻo ka pilikia, ʻaʻohe mea o ka ʻohana e ʻai iā ia, ua pono wau e hoʻohui i ka wort iā Bianca a me Crystal. pono no ka ʻiliʻili ʻana, a naʻu nō ia e hoʻolale aku i ka wā ma mua.

myron

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ʻO kēia makahiki ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻo Rusball i nā lau ma hope o nā kumulāʻau, ua ukana nui loa iā ia iho a ua hoʻomaka e ulu ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o kēia makahiki. ʻAʻole wau i wiwo ʻole e haʻalele i nā mea āpau, ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole e huki ʻia nā mea āpau.

Mihey

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I kēia makahiki, ʻo Rusball kahi pōmaikaʻi kūleʻa i nā frost fros hokele a me kahi hapalua wela o ke kauwela. Mālama ʻia nā palahe i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka 1.5 mau mika. He nui nā clusters, nā hualima hoʻi no Rusbola, ʻaʻohe iwi. I ka puka maloʻo ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia kēia, akā inā inā e kau i ka mākeke, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā mea hānai Turkey. Aia nō kahi ʻanuʻu mākahi, akā ʻaʻole naʻe ia i ʻoki, mālama ʻo ia ia a ʻaʻole momona ka lāʻau.

yukra

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Ke ulu nei kaʻu Rusball ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka hale, ʻaʻohe maʻi ʻole, ʻaʻole i lawe i ka puʻe, nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, ʻo ka rooting ka mea maikaʻi loa. ʻOiai i ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia ʻo Delight e ulu ana ma oidium. Akā, ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe ʻo Rusball. ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka makana lalo.

Petr Petrovich Nakonechny

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Loaʻa iā Rusball nā hiʻohiʻona pono a pau i lilo i ka hua waina mua āu i kanu ai ma kāu pūnaewele. Hoʻoikaika ia i nā hua, ke hua nui ka hua, he kū ka maikaʻi i nā maʻi. ʻO ke kālai wale nō ka hua rudimentary, akā pehea ka nui, ua hoʻoholo nā mea nona iho.