Pia i ka helehelena a ma ka māla

ʻO Pia kekahi o nā mea nui nui loa o nā hua hua ma ke kikowaena a me ke kūkulu hema. He mau ʻāina anu ʻole no ka mahi ʻana no ka mahiʻai ʻana ma waena o Rūsia, nā ʻāina ʻĀkaukau komohana, nā Urals, Siberia a me ka Far East. I mea e hāʻawi ka bī i nā hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi o nā huaʻai maikaʻi, he mea nui loa ia e mālama pono iā ia i loko o kēia wā holoʻokoʻa.

ʻAuhea a pehea e ulu ai ka mole ma ka māla a me ka wao

Pia - kahi lāʻau deciduous ulu ikaika a hiki i 8-15 m ke kiʻekiʻe, me kahi ʻōnaʻo koʻokoʻo ikaika e hele i kahi hohonu i ka lepo. Kaulana ia i ka pūnāwai, i ʻApelila-Mei. Hoʻalaʻe nā hua i ka lā Iulai a ʻOkakopa, ma muli o ka ʻano like a me ka ʻāina.

Hōʻalo mai nā ʻano peʻa Hema mai nā lehele nahele wao nahele, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻano ʻākau no ka hoʻoilo ʻana.

Hiki i nā kuʻi manu āpau (nā nahele, Ussuri, paganifolia, loosestrife) i ka wahi o kā lākou ulu kūlohelohe a me nā ʻāpana e like me nā loina.

Palapala papaʻaina: nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano ʻano ʻano like ʻole

Kiʻi Kiʻi: Nā ʻĀina Koi Li

Nā lā kanu hua o ka ulu a me nā ʻīnī nui

Hoʻomaka nā lā hua o nā hua pā:

• nā kara a me nā hua kanu o nā ʻano kanu - 9-15 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana;
• ua hui ʻia ma nā hua hua - ma hope o 5-10 mau makahiki;
• ua hui ʻia ma kahi hua dwarf - ma hope o 2-4 mau makahiki.

Ma ke kumukūʻai hua, ulu nā māla a hua i ka hua no 50-100 mau makahiki, ma kahi ʻehā - ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 20-40 mau makahiki.

Ma loko o koʻu māla, loaʻa i kahi māla holoholona nui i kokoke i ʻeono mau mika kiʻekiʻe, i kanu ʻia e koʻu makuakāne i ka makahiki 1970 a ua ola a kūleʻa i ka hoʻoilo nui o ka makahiki 1978 me nā makahiki he kanaha keu, e ulu mau ana a nui mau hua i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I nā makahiki 90, ua kanu ke kupuna i kekahi mau mea kanu ma nā hua o kāna hua. I ka wā mua, ua hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia nā pale ma muli o ka huhū palupalu ma kēlā kihi o ka māla. I ka nalowale ʻana o nā mekalaʻu i nā makahiki 2000, ke waiho wale nei i nā pears ma laila, hōʻike koke nā lāʻau i kahi ulu ikaika a puaʻa i ka 1-2 mau makahiki.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa pia ma muli o ka wahi

He kumulāʻau manu kahi lāʻau o nā mea kanu maʻamau i kālai ʻia i kahi kumukūʻai kūikawā - kahi ʻano kanu quince. ʻAʻole ulu nui ia ma mua o 3-4 m.

Hiki ke ulu i loko o ka lau Quince ma nā ʻaoʻao hema ma nā wahi mahana. Hoʻopau ia ma laila ma ka makahiki 2-3 no hope o ke kanu ʻana. Ma waena o Rūsia, hoʻokaʻawale ka quince.

Kuhi ka pīpī pear i ka makahiki 2-3 ma hope o ke kanu ʻana

Hoʻomaʻa pinepine pinepine nā mea kīhāpai iā Novice i ka quince maoli me ka nui o ka hau kūlohelohe Japanese (henomeles), akā ʻaʻole kūpono nā henomeles no ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka paʻai.

Ma muli o ka nele o nā wailele dwarf i nā hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo, ua mālama nā māla lāʻau o ka Lālia ʻo Moscow, ka Leningrad Region, nā Urals a me Siberia ma o ke kanu ʻana i ka māla ma ka lehu o ka mauna ʻulaʻula, cirrus a me ka chokeberry (aronia). No nā poʻe loea loiloi, huli pinepine ia mau neana e kūleʻa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole mau loa. Ma ka irga a me ka chokeberry, e haʻahaʻa ka make o ka pā ma muli o ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hui, akā pono e hoʻopili pinepine ʻia kēlā mau maʻi ma muli o ka make wikiwiki o nā lālā i kulu ʻia.

Kiʻi Kiʻi: Hiki ke loaʻa nā lāʻau o ka Pou

Piole ʻōlaʻi

Pāpā ka ʻili e ka hua a me nā mea kanu. I ka wā e hoʻomōhala ai nā hua, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia nā ʻano o nā varietal, no laila, hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kanu ʻai wale nō a no nā kumu hoʻoulu e hana i nā ʻano hou.

Pīla hua hua pā

Ke kaʻina hana no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i kahi hua huaʻa:

1. E hōʻiliʻili i nā koina i piha i lalo o nā kumulāʻau (ma Kepakemapa-ʻOkakopa).
2. Hoʻopau i nā mea kanu mai ia lākou mai, e lawe i ka nui, 'ole, poʻomele, ʻūnū (ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha.
3. I ka lua o ka mahina o ʻOkakopa, e lūlū i nā hua kanu ma kahi moena i hoʻomākaukau ʻia a hohonu kahi o 2-3 cm.
4. Kipi i nā mea kanu i ka pūnāwai, e waiho ma kahi o 15 cm ma waena o nā mea kanu.
   

   ʻO nā hua kanu liar ka maikaʻi no ka ulu lāʻau

Pelu ka hoʻomalaha ʻia e nā ʻokiʻoki

ʻAʻole kanu iki nā ʻōpala lignified o nā huaʻai, a me nā mea ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka nui o ka pilikia a hoʻohana wale nō i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā stimulants kumu kūikawā. Hiki i nā ʻokiʻoki i ka hoʻoilo ma ka wahi ākea wale nō ma ka subtropical zone, ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe ua loaʻa lākou i nā crates a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i loko o kahi puʻu ventilated no ka hoʻoilo.

Pelu ka hoʻomalaha ʻia e nā ʻokiʻoki ʻala

Ke kaʻina hana no ka hoʻopalike ʻana i nā ʻarā me nā ʻokiʻoki ʻōmaʻomaʻo.

1. E hoʻomākaukau i nā pahu 35 cm hohonu. E kau i kahi papa 20-cm o ka ʻāina māla maloʻo i loko o lākou, a laila 10 cm pit i ka hapalua me ke one a me ka 2 cm o ka one maemae maʻemaʻe ma luna.
2. E ʻokiʻoki i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio o kēia makahiki, i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai lākou e lignify iki i kā lākou ʻāpana haʻahaʻa.
   
   

   No ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā wana o ka makahiki o kēia manawa
3. E ʻokiʻoki i nā ʻokiʻoki mai ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa a ma waena o kēia mau wana. Kāleʻa nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
   
   

   Hoʻokiʻoki ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki mai nā ʻaoʻao i lalo a me waena o nā pua

4. Mālama i nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o nā ʻokiʻoki me kahi stimulant aʻa e like me nā kauoha no ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
5. E hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka lalo o nā ʻāpana i loko o ka papa o luna o ke one i ka pahu. Palani - 7 cm ma waena o nā lālani, 5 cm ma waena o ʻokiʻoki i kahi lālani.
   
   

   ʻAno ʻokiʻoki i ka ʻili i nā pahu

6. E uhi i ka cutlery me ka polyethylene, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopā ʻana i nā ʻokiʻoki, waiho i kahi mālamalama me ka puka ʻole o ka lā a me ka hoʻolaʻu pinepine.
7. Ke lawe a ʻokiʻoki i ke aʻa, hoʻomaka ka ʻokiʻoki i ka lewa, a laila wehe ʻia ke kiʻi.

Ma hope o ka honi ʻana, hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki.

Pee hoʻomalaha ʻia e ka hoʻomoe ʻana i ka lewa

ʻO ka waiho ʻana ma ka lewa he ala ia o ke kuʻi ʻana i nā lālā pololei ma luna o kahi lāʻau. ʻO ka pilikia nui ka hoʻomakeke ʻana: ʻo nā aʻa i kūkulu ʻia i ke kauwela i ka hapa nui o ka wā i make i ka wā hoʻoilo.

Hoʻolaha

1. Ua koho ʻia ʻo ke lālā ʻōpio o kēia makahiki i ke kulu ʻia ʻana me ka pahi ma kahi o ka honu i hoʻolālā ʻia.
2. E kāʻei i kahi pāpaʻi paluʻeleʻele ma lalo o nā kumuʻi.
3. E hoʻopiha me ka pitonu a iʻa substrate, e ninini iā ​​ia me ka wai a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma luna o nā ʻāpana.
4. Ma hope o kekahi mau mahina, i ka wā e kolo ai nā aʻa, e ʻoki i ka lālā aʻa a hoʻohua i loko o ke kahua ulu no ka ulu ʻana.
   

   Ma hope o ke ʻano o nā aʻa, ʻoki ʻia ka hoʻolālā me lākou mai ka lāʻau

Hoʻopiʻi pila

ʻO ke ala kūpono loa no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hua peʻa is the vaccine. ʻElua mau ala nui:

• ke kauwela kuʻe kauwela - pale ʻana o kahi pua (maka) o ka scion i ka T-ʻano incision o ka ʻiʻo rootstock;
  

  ʻO ka ʻaʻa kahi inoculation me kahi maka (ʻōpū)

• spring copulation - grafting graft graft on a kālai ʻoki paʻa.
  

  Piʻi ʻia ka pulupulu

Hoʻoponopono ʻia nā kauā āpau ma ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka lipia elastic. I ka makahiki aʻe, nawaliwali ka harness.

Kumau Kauhi Puhi Orchard

No ke kanu ʻana i kahi māla ʻoki, koho ʻia nā wahi i hoʻopiha ʻia e ka lā ma nā one hāneʻa. No ka māla ʻākau (Leningrad Oblast, Moscow Region, the Urals, Siberia), he ʻāina wale nō o ka hema, ma ka hikina, a me ke kūkulu hema. Ma ka hema - kekahi, koe wale nō nā mea i ʻākau o steep.

Pono nā ʻōmaka hema i ka acidity o ka ʻāina ma ka waena o 6.0-7.5. Nā ʻanuʻu ʻākau, i kālai ʻia i ka ʻoma Ussuri a i ʻole me ke komo pū me kona komo ʻana, makemake i ka waikona ma ka pae o 5.5-6.5.

ʻO ka pilikia wai

No kahi kumuʻai i kahi hua kanu maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole pono kahi kokoke o ka wai i lalo o ka 1.5-2 m mai ka ʻāina aku, no kahi pihi pīpī ma kahi kuihi, 1 m e lawa.

Ke kanu nei nā mea kanu ma nā kuahiwi, hoʻolaha ʻia i ka 80-90, ʻaʻole ia i uku i ka lōʻihi, he pōkole loa nā lāʻau like ʻole. Ua ulu naʻe nā aʻa i ka wai lalo, kahi i make ai ka lāʻau, a ʻole e hoʻokala i ka hoʻoilo hau hoʻoilo.

ʻO ka hapanui o nā loiloi e pili ana i ka hoʻokele wai waʻa i loaʻa i nā puke loea kūikawā e pili ana i nā ʻoihana ʻoihana lawena nui. Loaʻa ʻia nā pono o kekahi māla ʻoihana me ke kūnue ʻo kahi ʻoihana horticultural ʻokoʻa. Eia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona maʻamau:

• Aia ka pae i kū loa ma ke kahawai nui o ka wai nui (muliwai a i ʻole), nā wai i kahe me ka wai i ka pūnāwai. He pololei ʻole kēia. Ma ka ʻāpana kūwaho, ʻaʻole hiki i nā lāʻau ke ulu.
  

  ʻO nā kahe wai i kapakai o ke kaiāulu - ʻaʻole pilikia ka pilikia

• Aia kēia wahi i ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoihoi (ka wai, kahi awāwa hohonu ma waena o nā puʻu), i ka pūnāwai aia ka wai ma luna o ka pā. Inā he ʻiki a hohonu loa kēia, he mea ʻole ia e hana i kekahi mea: ma kēlā mau wahi he ʻeleʻele loa ia, a i ka hoʻoilo ke kāwele ʻia nā lāʻau ma muli o ka pohō ʻana o ka ea anuanu. Inā he awāwa ākea ia me kahi ala ākea i ke kūkulu hema, hema a i ʻole hema paha, a laila makemake ʻia nā kūlana no nā lāʻau. I kēia hihia, i kona hohonu hohonu, pono ke ʻoka i kahi pāhaʻi lōʻihi no ka wai kahawai wai a me ka hoʻoikaika i kona ʻōpū a me nā paia maikaʻi.
  

  Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kahi ʻāina ma ke awāwa e ka ʻeli ʻana i kahi ʻauʻau e hoʻoheheʻe ai i ka wai

• ʻO kahi papa i loko o kahi kaona ukaʻi, ma ke kaʻe o kēia manawa ua mākaukau ʻia kahi kaila o ka wahie i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, akā nō ka ʻāina. Inā emi iki ka wai o ka wai i loko o ka luawai ma lalo o ka ʻili o ka lepo, hiki ke maʻalahi ke hoʻopau ʻia i ke kūlana ma kahi ʻano wai. Inā ka wai ka wai i ka waʻa maʻamau me ka uhi o ke kahua - hiki ʻole kēia.
  

  Hoʻomaʻi ka waiho ʻana o nā paipu wai ma ka pūnaewele ma mua o kahi pāheʻe wai ʻana

ʻ systemnaehana palapala

Ke kaʻina hana no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana wai.

1. I ke kuhikuhi o ka luawai o ka luaʻi i ka ʻāina, pono ʻoe e ʻimi i kahi kāwili me ka hohonu o ka 1-2 m me kahi hāō i ke kahakaha. ʻO ka lalo o nā ʻāpana o ko lākou wahi haʻahaʻa e pono ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka nui o ka wai nui i ka waiʻau. ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā ʻōpio he 3 a 10 m.
2. Hāʻawi ʻia kahi papana o ka pōhaku i kālai ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻala wīwī i loko o nā ʻāpana pākuʻi a me nā paila pākuʻi wai pākuʻi a i ʻole nā ​​lua lua. I nā hui, ua hoʻoponopono ʻia ko lākou mau kihi a uhi ʻia me nā ʻāpana o ka pou mai luna mai.
   
   

   Hoʻokomo ʻia nā paipu palapala i loko o nā ʻeha ma kahi kolone o ka ʻōpala a me ke kalala.

3. No luna mai luna o nā paipu i uhi ʻia i kahi ʻāpana o ke kahala a laila me ka honua.
   

   Mai luna mai, ua kā uhi ʻia nā waikele me nā paila i hoʻopili ʻia me ka lepo, a laila me ka honua

E kanu ana i nā mea kanu

Ma ke North-West, nā kikowaena a me nā ʻāpana waena o ke kikowaena waena, i nā Urals a me Siberia, ua kanu ʻia nā uila i ka pūnāwai wale nō, mai ka Pōʻalima a hiki i ka hopena o Mei. I ka hema, e hana pinepine ʻia kēia i ka hāʻule, i ʻOkakopa. Ma ka puna ma ka Honua ʻeleʻele a i ʻole paha ka kanu kanu e hiki.

Pono ka mamao ma waena o nā kumu kiʻekiʻe o ka pou mai ka 5-6 m ma ke kūkulu ʻākau a hiki i 7-8 m ma ka hema. Kūkulu ʻia nā hua Dwarf ma ka quince rootstock ma muli o kahi hoʻolālā 3x2 m me ka hoʻonohonoho pono o nā kākoʻo.

Pono nā lāʻau Dwarf i ke kākoʻo

ʻO ka hohonu o nā puka kanu no ka mea kanu huaʻa he 50-60 cm, no nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe - a hiki i ka 1. M. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā kūmole kanu mea he 80-100 cm.

ʻO ka hohonu o ka lua no nā pua dwarf he 50-60 cm

Ke kaʻina hana no ka pae ʻāina:

1. E hoʻolele i kahi pahu pae ʻāina ma waenakonu o ka lua.
2. Ma ka lalo e ninini i kahi papa o ka honua i hui pū ʻia me kahi pā o humus.
3. E kau i ka hua laka ma ke kui, e pālahalaha ana i nā aʻa.
4. E kāʻei i ka hua kanu i ka lāʻau a i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke ʻāʻaʻa i ka pae o ka pā o ka ʻāina.
5. E hoʻopiha piha i ka lua i ka honua.

He ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka wai i ke kanu ʻana i nā wai 2: 1 pākaha wai ma ka lua ma mua o ke kanu ʻana a me kekahi mau wai wai mai ka wai ʻauʻau mai ka wai ʻauʻau me ka mea hoʻokaʻawale i ka wā ma hope o ke kanu ʻana e hoʻopili ai i ka honua a puni nā aʻa.

Ke kanu nei i kahi hua kanu mea e hoʻoulu ʻia

Wikiō: ʻO ke kanu pī

Pehea e mālama ai i kahi pia

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka māla palaka i ka manawa like ua like ia me nā wahi āpau o kāna mahiʻai.

ʻAno hana a me ka ʻoki

Ma ke ʻano ʻole, hina nui ka pā, ua haʻalele ka nui o nā lālā mai ke ʻōpala ma kahi kihi ʻihi a hiki a laila e hōʻemi ʻia ma lalo o ke kaumaha o kahi hua momona.

Nui ka pā maikaʻi me ka hoʻomohala nui, a haʻalele nā ​​lālā he nui i ka ʻōpala ma kahi kihi koʻikoʻi

I mea e pale ʻole ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā lālā, hoʻokumu ʻia nā kumulāʻau e ke kuʻe ʻana i kā lākou mau lālā ma kahi kūlana e pili pono ana a hoʻopaʻa ʻia iā lākou me nā braces. Hoʻomaka nā hua like ma mua.

Me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka manawa kūpono o nā lālā o nā kumulāʻau lāʻau, ʻaʻole pono nā mea kanu hou. Hōʻoki ʻia i ke ʻano sanitary, e waiho ana ma ke kāpae ʻana i nā lālā maloʻo a wāwahi ʻia, pono ʻia no nā pears o kekahi makahiki. Hoʻonui iā ia mai ka puna wai a hiki i ka hopena o ke kauwela, a ma ka hema - a i ka hāʻule. Pono e mālama ʻia nā ʻāpana nui a pau ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana me ka var var.

Video: pehea e ʻoki ai i ka pōpō

Mea hoʻolaʻa i nā ʻars

ʻAi ʻia nā kumulāʻau i loko o ka pūnāwai, ʻae like i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea kanu ma luna o ka ʻāpana āpau o ke kahi lāʻau a me ka kanu ʻana i ka lepo i ka wā e ʻeli ai. Kahu helu kōlā kō i ka 1 m²:

• 12-18 kg o humus;
• 20-50 g o ka ammonium nitrate;
• 40-80 g o ka superphosphate;
• 20-40 g kaleka pākaha kele.

Pehea e hoʻoinu ai i kahi pā

Hoʻomoʻu wale ka pī i ka ua, i ka hohonu hohonu o ka lepo i kahi hohonu o ka liʻiliʻi loa 1 m:

• Nui ka wai i nā lāʻau ʻōpio o ka makahiki mua a ʻelua paha ma hope o ke kanu ʻana mai ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a i ʻole paha me ka hoʻokaʻawale me ka hoʻokaʻawale ma nā pāka he 2-3 mau pāka wai i kēlā me kēia mea e pili ana i 1 mau manawa i ka pule.
  

  Hiki i nā lāʻau ʻōpio ke huki ʻia mai ka wai ʻauʻau a i ʻole ka hose

• Hoʻomainu ʻia ka hua pālato hua lāʻau ma ka māla dwarf i 2-3 mau manawa i ka mahina, ma ka silospeed - ʻaʻole pinepine ʻo 1-2 mau manawa i hoʻokahi mahina. ʻO ka wai haʻahaʻa e kokoke ana - e pili ana i 3 mau ipu o ka wai ma ka 1 m² no nā māla dwarf a hiki i ka 5-6 mau kāleka wai i ka 1 m² - no ka ikaika.
  

  ʻO ka pīpī pia ka wikiwiki a ulu i ka hua, akā pono i ka kanu maʻamau

• Ma ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, no ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana o nā māla makua, nā wai mai ka ʻōnaehana wai e kuhikuhi ʻia ma ka pū o nā puʻu a puni o ka lāʻau.
  

  Hoʻopili ʻia nā lāʻau kanu maikaʻi i nā lua a me nā ʻōpū

• He ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana ʻole i nā lua, akā e uhaʻi ana i nā apo me kahi kikoʻī no ka pale ʻana i ke kumu o nā kahihelehe mai kahi wela ʻole. ʻO ka laulā o nā apo a i ʻole nā ​​laka e kūpono i ka nui o ka ʻōnaehana kumu, e noho ana ma kahi e pili ana i ka māhele o ka lei lāʻau.
  

  Kū maikaʻi nā lāʻau i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka wai i ke kumu o ka pahu i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo

Ma nā māla o kēlā me kēia makahiki, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wai a me ka hāmū ʻana i ka lepo me nā mea kūlohelohe he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia e mālama i ka makuku a pale i ka ulu lāʻau.

Hoʻopau nā wai hoʻohua a me nā mulching i loko o nā māla o kēlā me kēia makahiki

Nā maʻi ʻeha a me nā popo

ʻO nā maʻi ʻili ka maʻamau maʻamau i nā wahi a pau o ka hortikūlū a me ka pala ʻaila, a me nā hua manu, ʻo ia ka moʻo. E kūʻē i nā maʻi, hoʻopuʻi ʻia nā lāʻau me nā fungicides keleawe-kumu ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke aʻa a ma hope o ka pua ʻana.E kūʻē i ka mu, ua ulo ʻia lākou me ka pectetis pyrethroid i ka manawa like.

No ka mālamaʻana i ke olakino o ka māla, he mea nui loa ia e hōʻiliʻili a luku i nā hua i hoʻopōloli ʻia (rotten a wormy paha) i ka manawa kūpono.

ʻO ka hale kiʻi kiʻi: ka maʻi pā a me nā pōpoki

Noho hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻoilo

ʻAʻohe mea kanu i ka lāʻau o ka hoʻoilo no ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. I mea e pale ai i nā hares, pono nā pā o nā makahiki ʻōpio me kahi ʻupena pale kūikawā i ka hāʻule.

ʻO kaʻoi loa o ka ʻōpala ke kānalua loa, akā inā ʻoe e makemake i ke keʻokeʻo i nā kumulāʻau, e hana pono.

• i ka hoʻoilo ma mua o ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole hoʻi i loko o ka pūnāwai i nā lā hoʻomaha;
• nā mea liʻiliʻi wale nō me nā ʻili a maʻa;
• e keʻokeʻo ʻaʻole wale i ka ʻōpala, akā ʻo nā kumu āpau o nā lālā kihi nui.
  

  Inā keʻokeʻo ʻia ka lāʻau, a laila pono ʻoe e hopu i ka ʻāpana a me ke kumu o nā lālā ʻā

Pehea e ulu ai i kahi pa i kahi hue

Ke ulu nei i ka pīhoihoi exotic - kahi pia i ka hue - ʻaʻole ia i paʻakikī i ka nui:

1. Ma hope o ka pua ʻana i ka pia, pono ʻoe e koho i nā ovaries maʻalahi i loaʻa.
   

   E ulu i kahi pa i ka hue, pono ʻoe i kāna ovary

2. E mālama pono i kēlā me kēia kaila i koho ʻia me ke lālā kahi e ulu ai loko o ka hue.
   

   E mālama pono i ka ovary o ka pia a me ka lālā i loko o ka hue

3. E hoʻopaʻa pono i nā hue me nā ovaries i loko, e kāʻei iā lākou i nā lālā ākea a i ʻole e hāpai ana i nā pou.
   

   Haka paʻa nā ʻōmole me nā ovaries, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā lālā nui

4. E ulu ka poli i loko o nā hue. Ke ʻoki nā hua, hoʻomaka nā lālā.
   

   Ma hope o ka ʻaʻa ʻana i ka hua i loko o nā hue, pono e ʻoki ʻia nā lālā

5. No ka mālama lōʻihi, ninini ʻia nā kīʻaha pia me ka wai ikaika.
   

   No ka mālama ʻana i nā kīʻaha ma nā hue e ninini i ka waiʻona ikaika

He hōʻiliʻili a me ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻale

Loaʻa i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o nā pua ke ʻokiʻoki, kāohi a me nā lā i waiho ai:

• ke kauwela o nā kauwela i Iulai-ʻAukake, mālama ʻia i mua o 2 mau pule;
• ʻAno nā hua kanu i hoʻopau ʻia i ka hopena o ʻAukake - i ka hoʻomaka mua o Kepakemapa, mālama ʻia no 1-2 mau mahina;
• ua hiki i nā wā hoʻoilo ma ka hopena o Kepakemapa - iā ʻOkakopa, mālama ʻia ʻo 3-5 mau mahina.

ʻO ka wā hoʻoilo o nā ʻars he manawa ka wā e hōʻū wale ai ma nā wahi hema.

Ua hōʻiliʻili nui ʻia nā kauwela kauwela a hoʻohana koke. ʻO ka ʻōpala a me ka hoʻoilo ke hōʻiliʻili ʻia, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī i ka wā e lilo ai i ʻeleʻele nā ​​hua. Ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana, pono lākou e ʻūhū ma ka mālama ʻana mai nā hebedoma he 2 a hiki i 2 mau mahina, e like me ka ʻano. Mālama ʻia nā ʻōkena āpau i loko o ka friji a i loko o kahi hale liʻiliʻi me kahi lihilahi pono me ka nui o ke ana ma luna o ke ana hapa degere.

E hōʻiliʻili i nā pears me ke kū ʻole, e hōʻino ʻole i nā hua a me nā lālā

I ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, he mea nui ke koho pololei i ka hua. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, paʻa i ka lālā i ulu ai ka hua me ka lima hoʻokahi, e mālama pono i ka kuʻina me nā ʻē aʻe a huli a puni i ke kumu e hoʻokaʻawale ai ia mai ka lālā. No ka mālama ʻana, hoʻoulu wale ʻia nā hua i ka lima wale nō. ʻO nā ʻano hua a pau e haki ana i nā pears a me nā lālā hua, a me kahi hua i hāʻule i ka lepo, e like me ka hopena a ʻaʻole pono ia no ka mālama.

Hōʻikeʻike i nā ala kanu pā

ʻO kekahi o nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka pia i loko o ka wai ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i nāʻaina. Hoʻomaka ka nānā ʻana i nā hana ma ke ʻano kuʻuna - IMC, i hāpai ʻia ma ke ʻano he prototype, i hoʻomaka i ke aʻa ma ka lā 42 ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, ʻo ka nui o ka lawaiʻa no lākou ʻo 23. Ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka ʻokiʻoki me Tropolon i ka pae o 6 mg / l i wikiwiki iki i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā aʻa, akā naʻe, ʻo ka helu kāohi ʻana he 10% haʻahaʻa. ma mua o ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka IMC.

Nā ʻāʻalo

//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=11091&page=11

Inā ʻiʻolo ʻoe, a laila e lawe i ka ʻeke palaka (ʻeleʻele), kau i ka pā, ma ka pihi kūloko keu kūloko (ʻoi aku mai ka ʻaoʻao hema), e kau i loko o kou niu punahele me ka vermiculite, wai a hoʻopaʻa iā ia mai lalo a mai luna mai. A ma ka hāʻule e hauʻoli ʻoe. Hiki i ka ʻeke ma loko o ka ʻeke ke hōʻino i ka ʻili no ka huki maikaʻi ʻana.

vp

//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=30&t=5534&sid=c5adb8f338bbf9b2a6bf4c91b4dc5ff6&start=75

Me ka kanu kūpono ʻana a me ka mālama kūpono, ulu nā lāʻau pā i nā hua pā a mālama i nā makahiki i nā makahiki he nui, leʻaleʻa i kā lākou mau mea nona nā hōʻiliʻili makahiki i nā makahiki a maikaʻi.