ʻAʻole hiki i kēlā me kēia kau kauwela ke hoʻonani i ka loko kūlohelohe i kahi hoʻolālā pilikino. ʻO ka maikaʻi loa, he loko liʻiliʻi kēia i hui pū ʻia me nā mea improvised. Kūleʻa mākou i hana i kahi kahawai - kahe, ka hōʻiliʻili a me nā kūmole i lalo o nā hihi o ka lā kauwela. E ʻae like ʻole o ka dinamics o ka neʻe ka wai i waena o nā pōhaku a me ka mea ʻalae loa e hoʻololi i ke kiʻi o ke kua, a ʻoi aku ka huli ʻana i ke kihi maoli o ke ʻano.
Nā ʻano o nā kahawai: koho i ke koho maikaʻi loa
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe palaka me kahi kahawai kūlohelohe, e hoʻāʻo mākou e hana i kahi koho koho, e like me nā kī he ʻelua e like me ka mea maoli, akā he mea huna, a he hūnā, ua hūnā ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka waihona waiwai. E hoʻokō ka hana o nā mea huna i kahi ʻōpala waiʻa i ʻike ʻia, i ʻike ʻia e nā mea a pau o ka pūnāwai a maikaʻi paha.
Me ke kōkua o ka paukena e hoʻonohonoho mākou i kahi pōʻai pōʻino e kahe a ka wai o ka wai kūlohelohe e like me kēia: e piʻi i ka hāmai i ke kumu, a laila iho i ka kahaki i kahi wai liʻiliʻi
ʻO kēia kumumanaʻo o ka hiʻohiʻona o ka kahawai he kūlohelohe nō naʻe, inā makemake, hiki ke loli ʻia me kahi o nā loina i ʻōlelo ʻia:
- he wai wai;
- paepae;
- kaulahao;
- he punawai liilii.
No ka mea ke nānā aku ke ʻano kūlohelohe, ʻike ʻia kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi iki o ka pali liʻiliʻi, no ka laʻana, kahi ʻano heiʻe o kahi puʻu. Aia i kahi piʻi o ka iho - kahi i waiho ʻia ai ke kahawai i kau ʻia - e koho mākou i ke ʻano o ke kahawai.
Ma kahi puʻu liʻiliʻi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻonohonoho i kahi ʻoluʻolu, ʻaʻohe leʻa, me nā ʻūhā kūpono a me ka nūmū mālie, kahi kahawai kahe. He koho kūpono ʻo ia inā ʻo ka ʻōpala piha loa, me ka ʻole o nā puʻu a me nā puʻu.
Hiki i ke kāʻī i ke kahawai ke loaʻa i nā ala ʻelua:
- e hana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi;
- e hoʻomoʻi maikaʻi i ka moena i kokoke i ka waha.
Mai hana pālua ia me ka eli ʻana i ke kahawai a hoʻokumu ʻia i nā waihona ona - pono maoli nā mea āpau. ʻAʻole makemake ka helehelena i kahi ʻōloʻomanaʻo i ke kaila, ʻo ia ka mea a mākou e hana nei i nā kakaka, a he laina kūpono ʻole o ke kapakai, he loko ka hoʻopihapiha.
He papa ʻāina paʻakikī, paʻakikī i ke kanu ʻana i ka māla a i ʻole ka māla, i kēia hihia e hoʻokani pila i ko mākou mau lima.
ʻO kahi puʻu kiʻekiʻe, kahi pali a i ʻole paha he uakiʻu ʻoi he manawa kūpono ia e kūkulu i kahi moe maʻamau o kahi kahawai mauna. Kūpono ʻole, no ka mea he hui ia o nā rapids, nā holo, nā wai a me nā ʻāpana pololei
Akā, ʻaʻole ʻoe e komo i ka kūkulu ʻana i nā kūkulu paʻakikī, inā ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia kou kahawai i hoʻokahi pūnāwai nui. ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ke ʻano o nā kahawai mauna ma mua o kahi kahawai poloka, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe o ka wai, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi manaʻo e pono ai ka ʻoi aku ka mana.
Hiki i ke aʻo nui-pae i ke hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ke kahawai
No laila, he aha kahi kahawai kūlohelohe, ua wehewehe pōkole mākou.
Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi kuhi o ka ʻāina hūnā, e hāʻawi i ka wai a kūʻai i ke kīkōlē wai. ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa o ka makahiki no ka hana hana ma ka pūnāwai a i ke kauwela paha, no ka hoʻoilo ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e mālama i ka loko.
Kāohi: kahi, kuhikuhi, ʻokoʻa
ʻO ke ʻano mua, ka mākaukau, he maʻalahi a he paʻakikī hoʻi. No ka hoʻokō ʻana, pono ʻoe i nā lako o nā keʻena: nā penikala a i ʻole nā māka, he aliʻi a me ka ʻāpana nui o ka pepa, ʻoi aku ka milimili a i ʻike ʻia paha.
Ma ka pepa, pono ke hōʻike i nā mea āpau i loaʻa i ka hale kauwela o ke kauwela, me ka hale o, ka māla, nā ala, a me nā mea pono. E mālama pono i kahi o kahi e loaʻa ai kou kahawai.
E noʻonoʻo i kahi o kona kumu a me ka waha e kū pono ai (ke ʻano o ke ʻano o kēia manawa ma luna o lākou), i ke kiʻekiʻe e pono ai ʻoe e hāpai i ka piko o luna, pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻonoho i ke kahakai, inā paha hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana i nā moena pua kīkau ʻole a i nā mea hoʻonaninani e hoʻonani i nā kahakai kahakai.
Hoʻomaopopo i ke kahe ʻana o ke kahawai he pae o ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe, no laila pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo e kanu i nā mea kanu aloha-aloha a i ʻole nā mea kanu wai.
Inā he māla a i ʻole nā māla pua me nā pua nani i ke kokoke kokoke mai, e noʻonoʻo inā hoʻopōʻino hou i nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia. Pēlā ka pili i nā lāʻau māla, nā mea kanu lāʻau, a me nā mea ulu manu.
ʻO kahi maikaʻi loa no ka wahi o kekahi ʻano wai o ka wahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ia kahi - mea ʻona hoʻokaʻawale - kahi wahi liʻiliʻi kahi kokoke i nā moe pua, nā moena a me nā mea kanu o nā hua lāʻau. ʻO ka maʻamau, kahi hoʻonohonoho no ka hoʻomaha ʻana, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi papaʻaina no nā pāʻina kīʻaha ma kēlā wahi, a inā e ʻae ʻia ka wahi, he gazebo a waiho paha ka pehu.
Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ke kahawai. Hiki paha ʻoe ke makemake i nā mea hoʻohui pū, a i ʻole, makemake ʻoe i kahi ʻano kumu e hele ai i ka māla a puni, nā hale e hoʻopuni ana a me nā moena pua. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo: ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kahawai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia me kona hoʻonohonoho ʻana, a pili nui ka pilikia nui i ke kahe o ka papahele.
ʻO ka laulā o ka neʻe e hana ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mika, akā ʻoi aku pinepine ma waena o 30 a 50 cm.hiki - mai 15 cm a i hoʻokahi hapalua mika. Nānā: ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o ka wai, ʻoi aku ka ikaika a me ka ʻoi aku o nā lako paahana
E poina e hoʻonui i ko mākou kahawai, a ʻo ia kāna mea pono. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi kaila paʻa a i loko o ka wai no ka komo ʻana o ka wai mai loko o ka ʻāina kahakai.
E noho mau ka ʻaoʻao kahawai, ʻaʻole ia e wā ʻia e ka wai i ka wā i ka wā kūlohelohe, me ka ʻano o nā kaʻi wai kūlohelohe i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo.
Nā ʻōkuhi no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ke kahawai
ʻO ke kumu nui ʻo ia ka kūkulu ʻana i ka kahawai. Hoʻopoka mākou iā ia i nā wahi i ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hana ʻana:
- Mahi mākou i ka hōʻailona ʻana ma ka ʻāina. Ke hoʻomohala nei i ka hana, ua hoʻoholo mua ʻoe i kahi o ke kahawai, nā ʻāpana, nā kumu kumu a me nā waha, e hoʻomau ana i ka lawe ʻana i ka hōʻailona mai ka ʻaoʻao pepa i ka kūlohelohe. Pono kēia i nā pine liʻiliʻi a me kahi papa o nā māhoe. Hoʻopili mākou i nā paila ma ke kahawai i manaʻo ʻia a hoʻopili iā lākou me ka twine a i ʻole kaula e hoʻonohonoho i nā palena o ka waihona waiwai e hiki mai ana.
- Wehe mākou i ke ʻihi no ke kahawai a me ka lua o kahi e waiho ai ka punawai - ʻo ka hope o ke kahawai. ʻAʻole ke kiʻi kiʻi wale nō kahi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi wale nō, akā he mea pono i ka hana o kā mākou papahana, no ka mea, e loaʻa iā ia ka pūleʻa e hāʻawi ai i ka wai i ke kumu.
- Hana mākou i ka pau ʻana palapala, paʻa i ka waihā. Inā ʻoe i koho i kahi kahawai mauna - ma kahi ʻano hoʻowahāwahā e waiho ai mākou i nā pōhaku, nā pōhaku, nā kākā, hoʻopaʻa mākou iā lākou me ka palaila. No kahi kahawai kaila pono ʻoe i kahi papa e neʻe lūlū ʻia me nā wīwī palū. Pono ka hopena o kahi ʻāpana o kahi laulā i hāʻawi ʻia a me kahi kīʻaha volumetric no kahi pākeke.
- Hoʻonoho mākou i kahi ʻāpana wai hoʻoneʻe wai - uhi mākou i ka ʻenehana hana piha me ka geotextile a i ʻole kiʻi ʻia wai PVC waiwīwī (butyl rubber), hoʻoponopono mākou i nā kihi me nā pōhaku, nā ʻili, ke one.
- Hele ma ke kahawai, mai ka punawai a hiki i ke kumu, e wāwahi mākou i nā ʻeka lau pāpale no ka waiho ʻana i ka ʻōmole a me ka paipu.
- Hoʻonohonoho mākou i ka ʻāpana o ka waihona waiwai me ke one, nā ʻōpala granite kahele a ʻalani, nā pebbles, e uhi ana i ka nui o nā kikoʻī.
- Lawe mākou i ka wai, hoʻopiha i ka loko, hoʻāʻo i ka pā.
ʻAʻole pono kēlā lawa o ka loko i ka wai, akā inā i ka nalo, pono ka pā wai hohonu e hōʻiliʻili i ka wai a waiho i ka pākī, no ka laʻana, he pahu wai piha nui.
Ma mua o ka kau ʻana i ka pākaua, heluhelu pono i nā ʻōkuhi a nānā hou i kahi pili pono o ka pono o nā pono hana e pono ai ka nui o ka wai e pono ai ka pulu ʻia.
Inā paʻakikī ka lepo, pali, a he liʻiliʻi ka lōʻihi o ke kahawai, ʻaʻole pono nā concreting hou. Pono e hoʻomau i ka kahawai inā ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka kahe wai.
Ke hoʻokumu ʻana i ka hoʻolālā stream, mai makaʻu i ka fantasize: hana i nā Rapids liʻiliʻi, nā pāpale, nā mokupuni. E huki i nā keiki e hana - ʻo ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi waihona kūlohelohe e hoʻomohala kūpono i ka noʻonoʻo a hoʻomālamalama i kekahi o nā kānāwai o nā physics.
ʻO ka hoʻonaninani o ke kahakai a me nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi liʻiliʻi
Ke pau ka hana ʻenehana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka e hoʻolālā i nā kaila a me ka kahawai me nā mea hoʻonaninani. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i hale kiʻi kiʻi liʻiliʻi i hana ʻia i ka lāʻau - kahi alahaka, hōʻōlohelohe, nā ʻoniʻoni, a me nā kiʻi o nā kiʻi, nā ʻenemi manuahi iʻike ʻia, nā pua pua no nā mea kanu hygrophilous, nā lāʻau lāʻau a me nā ʻōpio.
Ua kūpono kekahi alahaka inā hele kekahi o ke kīhāpai i ke kahawai - he hoʻomau ia a a ʻoluʻolu i ka kahawai holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO ke kūkulu ʻana a me ke hoʻolālā ʻana o ka alahaka ma muli o ka wahi a puni a me ka nui o ka kahawai. He hale pōhaku nui ma ke kua ʻana o ke kahawai brisk 30 cm ākea ke nānā aku nei ma mua o ka hoʻomākeʻaka, a ʻo nā hale liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hele liʻiliʻi.
Maikaʻi nā mea pāpaona no ka hoʻōla ʻana i kahi kino wai nui, no laila inā ʻoe makemake ʻoe e kūkulu i kahi ākea maoli, e hoʻohana i ka ʻaoʻao wai, ʻaʻole ka kahe.
ʻO ka mea no ke kūkulu ʻenehana pono ke kūlohelohe, a me ka manamana o ka kahawai, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā pali, ceramics a i ʻole lāʻau
Ma kahakai, he hale hāmama liʻiliʻi no ka hoʻomaha ʻana a i ʻole ke kahua me kahi papaʻaina a me nā pōpō he nani maikaʻi. E hoʻāʻo e hana i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā hale i kūlike me ke kāʻei o nā ʻāpana ʻāina.
ʻO kahi mini-pagoda e kū pono ana i ke kua o ka hale lāʻau lāʻau me kahi kālai kiʻi kiʻi ʻia e ʻike ʻia, he mea ʻē aʻe, a me kahi hāmeʻa puʻupuʻu me nā kāmela puka hana ma kahi o nā pā - kahi wale nō ma kahi o
Ma nā kapa o ke kahawai, e hoʻohālikelike i kona ʻano maoli, kanu mākou i nā mea kanu, akā, i hāʻawi ʻia i ka hoʻohanohano ʻana o kā mākou kūkulu, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana pono i nā kīʻaha a me nā mea lawe me nā mea kanu.
Nā pua nani ma nā wāwae kiʻekiʻe me nā mea kanu nui, nā hui me nā pā pālolo kahiko, nā pā pōhaku a me nā huahana lāʻau papale lima, no ka laʻana, he molika wai liʻiliʻi
Ke Kula Hoʻomau o ka Noʻeau
Hiki i nā mea kanu āpau i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻonani i ke kahawai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻelua mau pūʻulu nui: e ulu ana ma ke kahawai a kū pololei i ka wai.
ʻO nā papa inoa ʻelua ka mea kanu me nā lau nani a i ʻole nā lau nani, a me nā mea kanu me nā inflorescences o nā kala like ʻole.
Mai poina e pili ana i ka mauʻu loikā, inā he pā nahele, a loaʻa paha ka mika me nā lālani, inā kahi māla liʻiliʻi i hāʻawi ʻia i uka. Pono nā pono o nā kumulāʻau, nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu grassy me nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā pōhaku, nā mea hoʻonoho papa a me nā one
E hoʻopili i nā pua pua nui i ka wai o ka kahawai, no laila ke kanu nei mākou i nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi me nā kahe o ka wai: loosestrife koikoi, heʻumi kūloko, multi-color primroses, daisies, stoned veronica, kaluzhnitsa, marsh violets, kuʻu pua, spleen.
ʻO kahi liʻiliʻi aʻe mai ke kahakai nā mea kiʻekiʻe aku: fern, ostrich, bracken maʻamau, female coot-skier, thyroid, hosta.
Hiki ke hoʻonohonoho pū ʻia nā mea kanu e ke kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā mea hoʻonani, i hana ai i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā pua like i nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano like ʻole.
Inā hoʻokomo ka mea kanu i nā lāʻau a i nā mea kanu lāʻau paha, koho i nā ʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻalulu nui e ulu ana ma ka nahele ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā loko: nā kao a me ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, nā evergreen magonia holly-leaved, lāʻau-like karagana, Tunberg barberry, cotoneaster, euonymus.
ʻO kekahi mau pua, e like me ka forsythia a i ole lilac, ma kahi o nā pua nani i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi wai hoʻōmaʻomaʻi hou, a hiki nō hoʻi i ka ʻoluʻolu i ka kahakai o ka pā.
Noho pololei ma ka lalo o kahi kahawai a i ʻole kai, inā loaʻa kahi lepo malō, hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i kahi elodea a iʻa paha, a ʻaʻole pihi a pemphigus a i ʻolewamele, akā e kāʻalo wale i ka wai o ka wai.
ʻO ka ʻōpala, nā līlia wai, nā līlia wai a me nā pua pua a nā ʻāpana ʻākau, no laila he mau kānaka noho lākou o ka lua a me ka nui o nā kino wai Lūkia.
Nā Kumukānāwai mālama mālama lāʻau
E hōʻoia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ka wai o ka wai a ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi nā kapa wai, pono ia e mālama pono i nā mea kanu a hoʻokō ʻo ia i ka mālama ʻana i nā pono kīnaha. No ka hana i kēia, pono ʻoe e hahai i kekahi mau kānāwai maʻalahi:
- nānā i ka paʻa o nā hose a me nā paipa, hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻololi paha i nā kānana i ka manawa;
- i ka manawa wela i ka wā e puka mai ai ka ea, mai ka manawa i ka hoʻihoʻi i ka nui e pono ai;
- e hoʻomau i ka hana o nā pono no ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomaloʻo piha i ka wai, a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka pā a hoʻonoho i loko o ka lumi hoʻomehana a kōkua;
- nā pā lāʻau paʻa pono, nā lāʻau lāʻau a me nā pōhaku mai ka silt a me ka lepo;
- hoʻololi piha i ka wai inā no kekahi mau kumu i lilo ai i ka opaque.
Pono nā mea kanu i ka mālama pono e like me nā mea kanu kauwela maʻamau. Pono e huki ʻia nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu i ʻole e nānā ʻole ai i ka nānā ʻana o ka ʻano wai me nā lei ākea.
Pono ka ʻōpala i ka weed, hānai, inā pono ke hoʻololi, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā mea kanu kahiko a maʻi ʻole. Hiki ke kanu i nā makahiki i kahi manawa kūpono, e nānā i kā lākou ulu a me ka pua
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nā loko wai kūleʻa i ka hoʻolālā ʻāina
Ke hōʻike nei mākou i kou nānā i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o ka wahi pōmaikaʻi o nā kahawai ma nā papa pilikino.
Mākia, i kekahi mau manawa, nā kahe i kapa ʻia nā ʻano wai i hōʻuluʻulu wale ʻia, akā ua hana ʻia kēia mau mea e ʻike ʻia ai nā kumuwaiwai kahi e kahe ai ke kahe o ka wai ma muli o ka hana o kahi pā.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o ka kahe kahawai, ʻaʻoleʻokoʻa i ʻokoʻa i kona kaila maoli. Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōpala a me nā pōhaku e like me nā mea hoʻonaninani
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi manawa e hoʻonani i ka loko me nā pōhaku nani, e pono e hoʻohana.
ʻO ka kahawai o ka kahawai a me ka puʻu kahakai e hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā pōhaku o nā ʻāpana like ʻole a me nā ʻāpana like ʻole. E makaʻala i ko lākou waihoʻoluʻu: ʻo ka hui pū ʻana o nā aniani e hoʻonaninani - ke keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele a me ka pia - hoʻōla i ka ʻano, hana ia me ka ikaika
ʻAʻole pono ke kāʻei o ke kahawai a paʻa nō.
ʻO ka mea hoʻonaninani koʻikoʻi o kēia laʻana he ʻano huiʻehā i hui ʻia me nā pōhaku nui. "Ladder" hoʻokumu i nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi, pono ia e hā pono i ke kahua o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ke kahawai
E nānā pehea i hoʻohana ʻia ai ka hoʻonaninani like ʻole i ka nui - a ʻaʻohe mea hou aʻe.
Manaʻo maoli nā mea kākau o ka pāhana i nā mea āpau: nā ke kūlohelohe o ke kahawai, a me ka pahu o nā kahawai wai haʻahaʻa, a me ke alakaʻi ʻana me kahi aniani, a me ka hū ʻana o ka pali o nā kahakai, a koho ʻia hoʻi me nā mea kanu maikaʻi i kanu ʻia.
Eʻoluʻolu e hoʻohana i nā hoʻonā a me nā manaʻo ʻole.
E mālama i ka ʻike akamai ʻana o ka poʻe hoʻolālā i ke kumu o ke kahawai: me he mea lā e puka mai ana i ka ʻā o kahi lua haki nui.
Inā mālama mākou i nā pae āpau o ka hoʻolālā, kūkulu a me ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i kahi kahawai wai kūhelu, hiki iā mākou ke hopena: ʻo ka mea ʻike i ke ʻano moeʻuhane ʻaʻole makaʻu i ka hana pilikino a mahalo i ka nani maoli o ka kūlohelohe.
