Pēlā i paona ʻia mākou e ʻimi nei i kā mākou ʻālani "pono", e pale ana i nā ʻāina kūʻokoʻa mai nā hōʻike o ke ao waho - nā kamaʻilio a me nā ʻona e hele nei, nā makani a me nā kani, nā haʻalulu a me nā hiʻona o nā kaʻa. Eia naʻe naʻe, ʻaʻole hauʻoli mākou i ka neʻe ʻana e hoʻomau mau nei i ko mākou mau maka ma ka pā pōhaku ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka pahu pālua e hōʻike i ka palena o kā mākou kuleana. Pehea e hiki ʻole ai i kāu "aupuni" ke loaʻa ʻole i ka poʻe ʻē aʻe, me ka ʻole ʻole i ka hōʻino i ke kūlohelohe kūloko o ka aina māla? Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka pane i kēia nīnau i nā hohonu o ka kenekulia 18, i ka wā i ulu mua ai ka pā - kahi pāpala līkahi māla o nā kīhāpai a me nā māla kanu, i hoʻolālā ʻia e pale aku ai, i ka manawa like, hoʻonani i kahi kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa.
ʻIke aloha me ka pā pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo
ʻO ka pā ʻōmaʻomaʻo e pili ana i ka palena o kou ʻāina e lilo i keʻala kūlohelohe i ka lepo, ka walaʻau a me ka makani, a me nā poʻe hoalauna e hoʻonāukiuki ana a me nā malihini kipa ʻole. He mea maikaʻi loa ka pā hale ma ka hale o ka ʻāina, no ka mea, ʻaʻole e koi ʻia ia i nā ʻoihana waiwai nui e like me ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi pā hale. ʻO kahi koho nui no ka hale ʻai kauwela kahi pālahalaha e ulu mau nei - i maʻalahi ke hana ʻana me ia i kou lima ponoʻī, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe pono o nā haircuts wā, e like me nā pā maʻamau o ka ʻano geometric kūpono. ʻO ka nānā kūikawā e uku ʻia i ka pā o nā pua, i mea kūpono ia i ka pale ʻana i ka facade o ka hale, he gazebo a i kahi pā paha. ʻIke ʻia ke keʻena o nā hua waina a ke kaikamahine - ʻaʻole pono ʻo ia i ka mālama kūikawā, a ma ka hāʻule ʻana o nā lau ʻōpala ulaula e hoʻokumu ai i ka lewa nani o ka māla.
Nā ʻano o nā pā ʻono
Ua hele mai kahiʻelele ʻo Hedgerows i kahi lōʻihi ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manawa iā lākou i kēia manawa. ʻO kēia paha ke kumu i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka pā me ke kōkua o nā mea kanu lāʻau i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano like ʻole.
Hoʻokumu i kēlā me kēia mau ʻano o nā pā e like ke kiʻekiʻe, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻano ʻekolu o kēia lāʻau kanu hoʻopuni.
- palena palena a hiki i ka 1 mika i ke kiʻekiʻe - e hoʻolālā i nā palena o nā kahua, nā moe pua, nā ala
- kau ʻo 1-2 mau kiʻekiʻe i ka kiʻekiʻe - no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke kahua i nā ʻāpana hana
- ka hale noho me ke kiʻekiʻe o 2 mau mika a i ʻole - no ke kanu ʻana ma ke palena o ka pūnaewele
Mamuli o ka uluʻana o ka lauoho, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pā ʻōmaʻomaʻo i loko o ka ʻaʻa a me ka ulu malū. ʻAʻole like me nā pā manu i hoʻolako ʻia, kahi i hāʻawi ʻia i ke ʻano geometric maikaʻi me ke kōkua o kahi lauoho, kūlohelohe nā pā i loko o ke ʻano he mea kūpono ʻole ma lalo o ke hoʻoponopono ʻana a ulu i kahi ʻaoʻao kūlike.
ʻO kekahi kekāhi kahi i helu ʻia ai nā pā he mea kanu ke kanu. ʻO ka pā kula pua, i ka wā i hana ʻia ai, kanu ʻia nā mea kanu i ka lālani hoʻokahi, nona nā lālani hoʻokahi. Hōʻike nā lāʻau he ʻelua a me ʻekolu paha ka waiho ʻana i nā mea kanu i loko o nā lālani ma ke ʻano o nā mea kūlike ʻole. Hoʻokahi ʻia kahi pā uliuli hoʻokahi i nā lāʻau i kanu ʻia i kahi mamao ma waena. No nā pua, e mālama ana kahi hana kanu ma kahi o 30-50 cm, no nā lāʻau mai 75 a 150 cm. I loko o kahi pālahalaha he nui, ua kanu ʻia nā mea kanu ma kahi ʻano kekaki, ʻoiai ka mamao ma waena o lākou e mālama ʻia e pili ana i ka nui o ka lei aliʻi a me ke kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā pā pākēneka i nā ʻano kahina like ʻole me ke ʻano o ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, e hui pū ʻana i ka ulu ʻana a hoʻomohala i nā "wāwae" mai nā ʻano lāʻau a me nā lāʻau. Hiki ke kūkulu ʻia kahi pā anu nani me ke kōkua o kahi pālua i honi ʻole, nā ʻoni wai, nā barberry, a me nā mea lāʻau ʻē aʻe. No ka kanu ʻana i nā pā o kahi ʻano i hui ʻia, nā mea kanu o nā ʻano like ʻole, akā, nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, me nā ʻano manu like ʻole nā lau a i ʻole nā lau. Nānā maikaʻi pūpū i ka poni a me nā beech beech, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka variegated privet a holly paha. ʻO kēlā mau pā laha like me ka papohalohi e hāpai i ka nui o ka nui, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona makemake ʻole a me ka komo ʻana, kahi leʻaleʻa kūpono a me nā leo o ke kaʻa.
Ke koho ʻana i nā mea kanu no nā pā hee
Ke koho nei i nā mea kanu no ka kanu ʻana i ke ʻano o nā pā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke aloha i nā poʻe i hala i ke ʻano o ka "hoʻāʻo o ka ikaika" ma nā kūlana kime kūloko. Pono ka'ōkuhi-paʻakikī, nā mea kanu ʻole me nā kumulāʻau melemele, a hoʻihoʻi maikaʻi ʻia ma hope o ka hōʻoki ʻana a loaʻa ka mana kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokumu i nā pua. He mea kūpono ia e mālama i nā lāʻau e like me ka maple, hornbeam, kakala a me nā mea kanu - privet, hawthorn, cotoneaster. ʻO nā pilau o ka melati, ka buckthorn kai, rhododendron, barberry, honeysuckle, nā ʻōwīwī i nā ʻoni, nā lilac, a me nā ʻano hiʻona irgi. No ka hana hou ʻana i kahi pā uliuli, ua koho ʻia nā mea kanu me nā hua manu maikaʻi, kahi, me ka hōʻea wā maʻamau, hana i ka ʻāpana papahele.
ʻO ke kauoha e kanu ai i nā pā hau
Ke koho ʻana i nā mea kanu no nā pā, pono ʻoe e nānā i ke ʻano o ke aʻa a me ka lei o nā mea kanu - ʻaʻole pono nā aʻa ke poʻo, pono nā lole o ka lei. No ke kanu ʻana i kahi kanu i loko o ke ʻano o ka pā, ua koho ʻia nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi a me nā kumulāʻau mai 3 a 6 mau makahiki he nui, kahi e hoʻomōhala ʻia a hiki koke i nā aʻa ke komo i nā kūlana hou.
Ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi pā uliuli, pono ia e aʻo pehea e kanu pono ai i kahi pā i hiki ʻole ai i nā mea kanu i ka lā, kaomi a me nā mea kanu. I kēia mea, he wahi koʻikoʻi ke koho i nā wahi no ka kanu ʻana i nā pā me ka manawa no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea kanu e wehe ai i ka lepo. Pēlā e kau ʻia ai ka heʻe i ka pūnāwai, ma hope o ka maloʻo ʻana o ka lepo, a i ʻole i ka hāʻule, inā i koho ʻia nā lāʻau maloʻo maloʻo e hoʻokumu i ka pā ola. Koho ʻia ke wahi no ka pā uliuli i kahi mamao o nā hale - ma kahi mamao o ka liʻiliʻi he 2 mika a me 0.5-1.5 mika mai ka pā o ke kapikala.
Eia kekahi, pono ke kōkua ma nā pono i nā pono no ka mamao loa mai ka pā a i nā hale: //diz-cafe.com/plan/rasstoyanie-ot-zabora-do-postrojki.html
Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i ka pā, pono ia e hoʻolālā i ka laina o kona wahi me kahi kaula kaula. Kahi ʻia kahi kaila ma luna o ka laina o ka hōʻailona me ka hohonu o kahi o 0.5 mika. ʻO ka laulā o ka ʻihi e hilinaʻi ana i ka lālani o ka pā uliuli - no ka lālani hoʻokahi he 40-50 cm, no ka laina lehulehu - me 50 cm no kēlā me ka lālani e hiki mai ana. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka mea kanu i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā mea kikoʻī, nā mea i hoʻohālikelike ʻia a me ka nui o nā lālani o kahi pā ola.
ʻO ka nui o nā kanu kanu ai i 1 mika o nā pā:
- nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (mahonia, spirea) o nā lāʻau 5-7;
- medium bush (snow berry, cotoneaster) 4-5 mau lāʻau;
- kiʻekiʻe (2-3 m) nā lāʻau a me nā mea kanu (cysticis, hawthorn) 1-2 mau mea kanu.
Ke kanu nei i nā pā coniferous
Ke kanu nei i nā conifers, ke kāwele ʻia ka lua me ka diameter 2 mau manawa i ka nui o ka rhizome. Mālama ʻia ka māla pua, i kālai ʻia me ka eli ʻana o ka lua, kāwili ʻia me ka haku wai, hoʻomalu a me ka silica, a laila kāwī ʻia ka lalo o ka lua me ia. ʻO nā mea conifers e kūʻai pinepine aku i nā pahu manu. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, e kālele pono ʻia ka mea kanu mai ka pahu wai a kanu ʻia i ka māka me ka ākea o ka lepo i loaʻa ʻole ʻia. Ma hope o ke kau ʻana o ka lāʻau i loko o ka lua kanu, ua uhi ʻia me ka honua, a laila e hoʻohui ʻia, ʻaʻole e kau ʻia. Ma kahi mamao mamao mai ka laina kanu, hana ʻia kahi kāwāwīwīwī hamili ma ke ʻano o kahi puʻupuʻu haʻahaʻa, i pale ʻia ai ka laha ʻana o ka wai. I ka hopena o ke kanu, kanu nui nā mea kanu.
Hiki ke ʻike i nā ʻano mea ulu ʻōpili a me kā lākou hoʻohana i nā kīhāpai palapula ma ka waihona: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/xvojnye-v-landshaftnom-dizajne.html
Ke kanu ʻana i nā pā o nā mea kanu deciduous
Kuhi ʻia nā lālani palupalu a me nā kumu lāʻau lōʻihi a me nā ʻōnaehana maloʻo, kahi i holoi ʻia ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i nā hola he nui a weluwelu, e wehe ana i nā kaʻina a me nā lōʻihi. Mākaukau ka lua no ke kanu ʻana me ka manaʻolana i ke kanu ʻana i kahi mea kanu i kahi hohonu ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe o ka mea i kanu ʻia ma mua. ʻO ka honua, kahi i lawe ʻia mai loko mai o ka lua, ua kāwili ʻia me nā kolamu organik, compost a ʻokoʻa hoʻi i lalo o ka lua. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi lāʻau lāʻau a paʻa i kahi lua a pīpī ʻia me ka koena o ka lepo, ka nānā ʻana i ka mānoanoa o ke kua - no laila ʻaʻole i puka nā puka i waena o nā aʻa. Inā loaʻa kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau, kahi paʻa ke kākoʻo i ka hū ʻia i lalo o ka lua, i kahi hohonu o 50 cm, kahi e kau ai ke kanu, ua pōkole loa ke kumulāʻau.
Ke kanu ʻana i kahi pā o nā lāʻau
Kūpono ʻia nā hua liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu palupalu i loko o nā mea pili i ka palupalu e hāʻawi ai i ke aʻa o ka mea kanu me ka pale pono. Hāʻawi kēia iā ʻoe i ka pili ʻole e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā hiʻona wā kanu no ka kanu ʻana i nā lāʻau i ka maka. Hoʻomaka ka lua no ke kanu ʻana i kahi ulu lāʻau i lawe i ka nui o ka rhizome o ka mea kanu a me ka comart earthen. Ke kanu nei, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka mea kanu mai ka pahu pahu me ka mālama ʻana i kahi coma earthen a waiho i loko o ka lua eli. Ma hope o ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā mana o ka lua kai me ka honua, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka topsoil a hoʻoulu ʻia.
Ke kanu i kahi ulu lāʻau nui, pono ʻoe e eli i kahi ʻōpala me ka laulā o ka 1 m a me ka hohonu o 50-60 cm.Ie ka lalo o ka ʻoni e wehe ʻia me kahi pitchfork i ka hohonu o 20 cm a me ka papakū o ka lepo i hui ʻia me ka pit, humus, manure a i ʻole compost. He maikaʻi ia e hoʻohui i ka lime, ka lāʻau lāʻau a me kekahi mau fertilizers fosate.
E kōkua nā mea koho iā ʻoe e koho i nā ʻano momona maikaʻi loa o ka lāʻau manina: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/dekorativnye-kustarniki-dlya-sada.html
Ke kanu ʻana i kahi pā
ʻO ka pinepine, i ka wā e kū ai kahi pā i ka ʻāina, e mālama ana i ka wahi i loko o kahi māla liʻiliʻi kahi i waiho mua i mua. Pehea e ulu ai kahi pālapa i nā kūlana weliweli o kahi ʻāina i palena ʻia ma kahi o 6 mau ʻāpana? I mea e hana ai i ka pā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma ke ʻano o kahi pālahalaha loa, akā ʻaʻole ākea ka nui o nā trellis, kanu ʻia nā mea kanu ma kahi liʻiliʻi mai kēlā me kēia - ma kahi o 20 cm. . ^ E Ha yM.
I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope, ua ʻoki ʻia nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu lāʻau, e like me kā lākou i ʻōlelo ai, “ma kahi ʻōpua” - waiho ana he 10-15 cm o ka wahi kūlohelohe o ka mea kanu. I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope, i ka pūnāwai, lawe lākou i ka ʻoki nui o ka pā, e mālama ana i kekahi o nā pua ikaika loa i kihi ʻia ma ke kihi - ma ke kihi o 45 degere, e ʻoki ana i ka ʻili i nā wahi i hoʻopā ai nā lālā. Kūkulu ʻia ka "pattern" i kau ʻia i ka kiko i loko o ke ʻano o kahi hana loina i kūkulu ʻia ma ke kumu o nā kiʻina i hoʻolei ʻia i ka lepo me kahi papa liʻiliʻi a me nā lālā kūlia.
Ma hope aku, ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā wana āpau o nā trellis i 2-3 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia manawa, kau pono ʻia i kahi mokulele paʻa, kahi e hoʻoulu hou ai i ka pohō o ka pā. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o ka pā maʻamau e mālama i ka laulā ākea - e pili ana i 30 cm.ʻoki hoʻi ʻia ka tapestry mai luna mai, e mālama ana i kekahi kiʻekiʻe o ka pā ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Ke mālama mālama pā
Ke kau nei i kahi pā uliuli ma kahi pānaʻi a pōkole paha ia mea, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia i ka mālama ʻana o nā pā i ka wā he ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā mea kanu maʻamau. ʻO kēia ka hapanui nui ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ka pā e mālama mau ʻia - i ka wai, hoʻohua a me ka mow. Inā ʻaʻole i kamaʻilio ʻia ka hepoki i ka pilau a me ka hopena o ka ʻala ʻana, hiki ke ulu i kahi nui a hiki ʻole ke hoʻonohonoho ʻē iā ia a pono ʻoe e ʻoki i ka ʻāina "i ʻole".
Nā rula no ka ʻokiʻoki a me ka ʻoki
Pālaha kaʻa
ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu i kūkulu ʻia i loko o kahi pā ua ʻokiʻoki a ʻoki koke ʻia ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, e waiho ana i ka 10-15 cm o kahi o nā aerial o ka hua huila e hoʻolōʻihi ai ka ulu ʻana o nā pua i ka kumu. Inā kūʻai ʻia nā mea kanu me kahi pūnaehana pakiaka, a laila e pono ke hana ʻia i ka hapalua o ke kiʻekiʻe. Ua ulu a ulu nā hua i loko o kahi pahu, ʻoki ʻia i kahi hapakolu o ke kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻomoʻa ma ka manawa ʻElua
Ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki, ua ʻoki ʻia ka pā i kanu ʻia ma kahi o 4 mau manawa no ka manawa - mai Mei a ʻAukake. ʻO ka wili maʻalahi i ka makahiki ʻelua o ka noho ʻana o ka pā e hoʻopiʻi nei i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka pae i kekahi ʻano a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka māhā o ka puhi ʻana.
ʻO ka wiwi ikaika, i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka 15 cm mai ka papa lepo, pono ia ʻano ʻano like o nā lāʻau: privet, hawthorn, blackthorn, tamarix. Hoʻokiʻoki i ka 1/3 o ke kiʻekiʻe o nā pua hou: cotoneaster, hornbeam, barberry, boxwood, beech. ʻAʻole pono nā mea kanu cardinal: juniper, laurel cherry, cypress, cypress. I kēlā mau pā, ua ʻoki wale ʻia nā lālā kū hoʻokahi, kahi i kū ʻia mai loko o ka lehulehu a hāʻawi i ka pā i kahi ʻano maikaʻi ʻole.
Hana ʻia ka pā ʻana e hana i ka hapa lalo. ma mua o ka luna
ʻO ka lauoho lauoho ma hope o 2-3 mau makahiki
I kēia mau makahiki e hiki mai ana, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ke kāʻei pale e hāʻawi i ka pā hoʻonaninani i kahi helehelena maikaʻi loa - ʻokiʻoki ʻia ka kohu hope ʻana, ua ʻoki liʻiliʻi ʻia nā wana o luna. Hoʻopili ʻia nā kumulāʻau me nā mea kanu i ka wā mua ma mua o ke ʻano o nā lau ʻōpio, hiki ke ʻoki ʻia nā conifers evergreen i ka wā o ka puna a i ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana.
He mea nui ia e ʻike! I ka wā e ʻokiʻoki ai i ka pā uliuli, i ʻōlaʻi ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumu i ka laulā, no laila, e hoʻomālamalama maikaʻi nā lālā lalo.
ʻO kahi pālahalaha o nā mea kanu palā a mauʻu liʻiliʻi paha i kālai ʻia me kahi lako uila a ʻokiʻoki paha.Hoʻohana ʻia kahi kiki huaʻili e ʻoki a hōʻoki i nā pā pā i hāʻule ʻia.
Hoʻohuʻu a me ka hānai
I ka wā holo, pono e hoʻoinu mau ʻia ka pā, i mua o ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo 50-70 cm ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka kanu. Ke hoʻohāinu nei, lawe ʻia ka wai wai i ka waihona o nā mea kanu, e hāʻawi ana i ka wai o ka lepo i ka hohonu o 30-40 cm.
Hoʻopiliʻia e hoʻohālikelike i nā pā, ʻōmaʻomaʻo e pono ke hānai i nā kolamu me nā kolamu. Nā kolikina organik - compost, deciduous humus, pit i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka lepo i kākahu ʻia i ka wā puna a i ʻole ka lūlū ma ka huina o 2 a 5 kg i hoʻokahi mita mika o ka ʻāina. Hoʻohui a me nā minamina o nā minamina - nitrogen a me ka phosphate-potash i ka lepo ma muli o ka manawa: ka nitrogen wale nō i ka wā mua o ka puna, ka phosphate - ka mea nui i ka hopena o ke kauwela a me ka hopena mua. ʻO ka umu lūlū ke kau ʻia o ia mau ʻano: 30-40 g o ka paʻakai pākela, 50-70 g o ka superphosphate, 50-70 g o ka ammonium sulfate.