He aha ka larch ʻaʻole i ʻike nā mea a pau. ʻIke like ia me ke kūlohelohe, ʻenēna mau mea, ʻokoʻa o nā conifers ʻē aʻe, Ehia mau ʻano o kēia ʻano he ʻatikala, kahi ʻanoʻike o kēia lāʻau kūlike e hāʻawi ʻia i kēia ʻatikala.
ʻO ka moʻomeheu moʻomeheu
ʻ sayslelo ka ʻepekema o ka biology e pili ana nā larch i nā gymnosperms, nā Conifers papa, nā mea kanu kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻohana Pine. Ma kahi o 150 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻonele kēia mau lāʻau kūlike i ka honua. I kēia mau lā kahi mea hōʻikeʻike gymnosperms e nā konifers, kahi i loaʻa ai kahi larch.
He aha ke ʻano o kahi lāʻau larch?
Nui a hewa ʻole nā ʻano o larch, akā like kekahi o lākou i kēlā me kēia i ke ʻano a me nā kūlana e ulu ana. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau ma ka awelika ua loaʻa iā 50 m. Ua pololei ka ʻōpala, uhi ʻia me ka ʻili ma ke ʻano o nā unahi o ka hina pe ʻulaʻula. I ka girth, hiki i kekahi mau kikoʻi iʻoi aku ma mua o 1 m. He mau lālā lōʻihi ka makahiki a me nā pōkole makahiki a ulu a ulu nā kihi kūpono i ka ʻoki, kūleʻa i luna.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā pāpale larch he 3-4 cm.ʻī nā palupalu, me kahi kala ʻono. I nā wana lōʻihi, ua hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia nā pūlima ma kahi kikoʻī, ulu nā pono i nā pahu he 30-50 pcs.
No ke ʻike! E ola nā pua kuʻaʻaila mai 10 a 12 mau makahiki. I kekahi manawa hoʻomaka lākou e ulu a kūkulu i nā lālā ulu.
Loko lei aliʻi
ʻO ka palena o ka larch i kona wā ʻōpiopio ka mea nona ke kihi. Ma ka lōʻihi o ka manawa, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kahi lāʻau a kiʻekiʻe aʻe, e pono ai ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka ʻūhā.
Hiki i ka ʻōlaʻi larch ke hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka lepo. Hoʻopili ka lāʻau i ke ʻano o ka lepo ma muli o ka palaka o kona mau aʻa, ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kaʻina hana. I nā ʻōpū, nā puʻu, nā puʻu pōhaku a i kahi maloʻo maloʻo, ulu nā larch me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano o kona mau aʻa e loaʻa ai ma kahi ākea e kokoke ana i ka papa o ka honua. Hiki i nā lālā liʻiliʻi i lalo ke kiʻi i aa, e hoʻoikaika hou ana i nā aʻa a kōkua i ka lāʻau ke kū i nā makani ikaika.
Pehea e pua ai
I ka hiki ʻana aku i 15 a 20 paha makahiki, hoʻomaka ka lāʻau. Lōloli pua ma ʻApelila a Mei paha. Hoʻomaopopo ka manawa pua e 1.5 mau pule. Me nā pūliki hou, ʻike ʻia nā huaʻai i ke ʻano o nā cone liʻiliʻi. No ka monoecious ka lāʻau, loaʻa kāna wahine a me nā pua kāne. ʻO nā pua wahine ka mea like me nā cones palupalu liʻiliʻi o ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka ʻulaʻula, e like me nā kuʻi liʻiliʻi. Ka pulu lewa hoʻopuni i nā spikelets mālamalama. Eia kekahi, ulu nā pipi heterosexual i nā lālā like aku.
Ka puaʻa
I ka hiki ʻana mai o Kepakemapa, ua ʻala nā cones. Loaʻa iā lākou i ke ʻano conical lapalapa e pili ana iā 4 cm ka nui o ka nui a loaʻa i ke kala kala, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ulana, ʻōlohelohe. Hoʻouluulu nā hua ʻēheu ʻia ma hope o ka cones maʻa, akā i mea e ulu ai nā lāʻau hou mai lākou, pono ke anuanu a me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kahi keʻakeʻa ma ke ala mai ka hua a hiki i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau ke aloha nui o nā manu a me nā momi i nā nahele no nā hua kanu. Hoʻololiʻa ka hōʻiliʻili o nā lāʻau hou mai 5 a 9 mau makahiki. Hiki i nā kolo ma hope o ka lūlū hua ma ke kau lāʻau ma luna o nā makahiki he nui.
Ke ulu a nui a pehea hoʻi
ʻO ka Larch kahi lāʻau coniferous a me ke anu. Ma ka'āina ākea, kahi e ulu ai ka larch, ʻoi aku ka nui o 70% o nā ululāʻau lāʻau larch mau nahele. ʻIke ʻia ia ma Siberia, ʻAka Leka, ʻAmelika Hikina, Komohana a me ʻAropa ʻĀkau, nā Himalaya a me Tibet. Ehia mau makahiki larch i kau ʻia ma kahi a ia e ulu ai.
E makaʻala! Loaʻa ka ola ola o kahi lāʻau ma kahi o 400-500 mau makahiki, ʻoiai he mau spimensens nona e hiki i kona makahiki he 900 a keu aʻe paha. Penei no ka laʻana, ma Crimea, a i kēia manawa aia nā lāʻau, nā hoa o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ke kūlanakauhale.
No ke aha e hāʻule ai nā pūlima
Lair nui loa Larch i ke kukui, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea nui i kona ulu i ka ulu. I kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he kaikamahine o ke ao. ʻO kona kāhiko pono ʻole i ka lepo a me ke anuanu paʻakikī a kupaianaha. Ua kū ka nīnau, aia i kahi lāʻau coniferous a deciduous paha inā e hoʻokahe ana i kona mau huaʻala e like me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe?
Kahulāʻau i ka wā pākahi
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka larch he lāʻau coniferous, akā me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā lohi ka mea e hāleʻiloʻo nā pono, a ma ka hiki ʻana mai o ka hoʻoilo ke hoʻoilo ʻia ka lāʻau, e like me nā kaikuaā hoʻopunipuni. ʻO kēia kahi hiʻohiʻonaʻokoʻa mai nā conifers ʻē aʻe. ʻO kēia kahi e puka ai ka inoa o kēia lāʻau.
Nui! I ka hoʻoilo, he mea maʻalahi ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e waiho ana ma ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa o ka lālā. ʻOiai ʻole ka pono, ke ʻano nei kēia lāʻau no ka pale openwork.
He lāʻau i ka hoʻoilo
ʻO nā ʻike kiʻi
ʻAʻole paha i ʻike ka nui i kēlā.
- He lāʻau waiwai ʻole nā lāʻau Larch. Hōʻalo nā mea kiʻekiʻe resin i ka larch i mea e pohō ai nā hale a me nā mea i hana ʻia mai nā lāʻau larch i mālama ʻia no nā kenekulia. Me ka lōʻihi o ka wai, loaʻa i kēia lāʻau i ka paakiki ʻole i hiki ʻole ke ʻuki a huki wale i kahi kui me ka wā ʻole e uha. I ka wā ʻimi loa o ka mauna ʻo Altai, ua loaʻa nā huahana larch, ʻoi aku ka nui o kona mau makahiki he 25 tausani mau makahiki.
- ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka lāʻau Larch ma mua o ka ʻokiʻoki. Hoʻohana ʻole ka huahana mai nā rhizome, ʻoiai paʻakikī lākou e hana. A hiki i kēia lā, kahi mālama pā i hana ʻia ma ka kenekulia 18th e mālama ʻia ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Zagorsk. Mālama ia he 1.5 mau pahu o ka wai.
- Ua ʻike ka poʻe Siberia ma nā wā kahiko e pili ana i nā ʻano hōʻola o kēia lāʻau. A i kēia lā, ʻo kahi mea ʻala ʻono a ʻono ʻono i hoʻokumu ʻia i kāna dona, ka mea i ʻike ʻia nā mea huʻihue a me nā mea ʻike i ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi a me nā maʻi like ʻole. Hoʻopili piha ia i ka niho niho inā pono.
- ʻAʻohe pau ʻole kēia lāʻau ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana. Hoʻokahi kūmole mika ona lāʻau e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke piʻi i 700 lita o ka ethyl alkohol, 200 kg o ka cellulose, 1.5 tausani m o ka siliki mea hoʻohālike, a me ka rosin, ka aila pono, pena, nā ʻaka aʻa a me nā mea waiwai ʻē aʻe e hoʻihoʻi ʻia mai ke koena huna.
Loaʻa ka ʻike maka maoli, ka pine a me ka larch maʻamau no ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻohilahila iā lākou. ʻIke ka poʻe āpau i nā mea nānā larch a me pehea e kū ai ka pine. Akā ma ke ʻano o ka lāʻau, he mea paʻakikī kēia mau lāʻau i ka mea ʻike ʻole. Ke kūʻai ʻana i nā lako hale, pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o kēia mau ʻano, no ka mea, ʻaʻole e hele nui, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka larch.
ʻO ka mea mua, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i ka ʻili o ka lāʻau. Aia ka larch i kahi kāwele paʻa, nā hohonu hohonu a me kahi ʻulaʻulaʻula. He ʻāpana keʻokeʻo ka ʻalani-melemele ʻo Pula.
Nui! ʻOi aku ka kaumaha ma mua o ka pine. Inā hoʻomaloʻo ka papa i ka wai, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa o ke ʻano o ka lāʻau.
ʻAʻohe kumu mākaʻikaʻi ka lāʻau paila, ʻoiai ʻo ka papa larch i kahi ʻōni ʻōpala. Aia i ka wai, e poholo ka larch. Inā ʻoe e puhi i ka wahie i ka lāʻau, e hoʻomālamalama ka papa larch ma hope a e ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi.
Ma muli o nā ʻano ʻano o ka larch, ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻaʻole wale ma ka ʻoihana, akā ke noi nui ʻia i nā mea hoʻolālā. Heʻoi aku ma mua o nā ʻano he 20 i loko o ke ao nei, he nui nā mea e hiki ai ke ʻāpono i nā māla kūpono o kēlā me kēia kīhāpai. Ma muli o ke ʻano o nā lālā a me nā pono, ʻaʻole e hoʻopili ka lāʻau i ka komo ʻana o ka lā no ke kanu ʻana ma ka wahi ma lalo o nā lālā.
Hōʻike
ʻO ka lei aliʻi Openwork, ke hoʻololi i ka kala mai ke aniani ma ka puna i ke gula i ka wā lohi, nani ke nani ma luna o kahi puʻu pōhaku, a i ke hoʻolālā ʻana i ke ala lāʻau. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kumulāʻau pāpaʻi i nā māla nui a me nā māla. No nā papa māla liʻiliʻi, ʻo ke koho maikaʻi loa e lilo ia i mea kapu. I ka wā hoʻoili, i ka wā e hoʻokuʻu ai ka lāʻau i nā pono, he mea maʻalahi ia e ʻoki i nā lālā a hana i ka lei.
- No ka hoʻolālāʻana o nā māla kumulāʻau, nā ʻano ʻano like me ka larch repens European a me ka pendula Kepani i hoʻohana pinepine. Aia ka lei uwe me ke kuihi a ʻo Repens a ʻoi aku paha ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka mika ka lōʻihi a hiki i ka kiʻekiʻe o 1.5 m, kahi maʻalahi loa i ka liʻiliʻi o ka māla liʻiliʻi.
Kepani
- Ke ulu nui nei ka pendula Kepanī he 8 m a ua loaʻa i ka nui o ka lei a hiki i ka 4 m.
- Hoʻohui i nā kū, pono nā pakanikua, e like me kahi mea hoʻomoana, e hoʻohanohano i nā moena pua a me nā ala. ʻO kēia ʻano ka mea lulu e like me ka uluna ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā mea e hoʻonani ai i kahi puʻu alpine a i ʻole ala ma ka māla.
Kempfera
Ma muli o kona mau hiʻohiʻona kūikawā, larch kahi mea kūkulu elite. Ke pale nei ka nui o ka lāʻau i nā huahana mai ia i ka luku ʻana i ka umauma, e hoʻolilo ana i ka lāʻau i ka ikaika i ka pōhaku. Hoʻopili i ka wai hou a me ka wai paʻakai e hoʻonui i kona ikaika a hoʻoilo nui ʻia i ka hana moku ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o nā hana ma lalo o ke kai.
No ke ʻike! ʻO kahi haʻaheo pōkole loa i ka mōʻaukala e haʻi aku iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā lāʻau larch i nā Venice a me St. Petersburg. Ua ʻike nā mea ʻike loea i ka hale kahiko o nā larch, ʻoi aku kona mau makahiki he 15 mau kenekulia.
Papa ʻai
ʻO ke lōʻihi o ka wā, ʻaʻole e hina kēia lāʻau, akā ʻoi aku ka ikaika. ʻO ka pauku a me nā aniani i loko o ka lāʻau e mālama iā ia mai ka pala a me nā palaʻai. Ma nā ʻōlelo o ka ikaika a me nā kūpono kūpono no ke kūkulu ʻana, ʻaʻole i emi iki ka larch i ka oak, akā uaʻoi aku ma mua o kekahi mau ala. Hiki i kahi puʻeke pololei a paʻa i hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i kahi lāʻau maikaʻi loa. ʻO nā papa a me nā papa i kahi pola nani a me 12 mau kala: mai ke aniani a hiki i ke gula.
ʻO nā mea kūleʻa maikaʻi maikaʻi loa mai Siberian a me Daurian larch e hoʻonui ana i ka noi i ka mākeke waiwai hale. Kūleʻa nui nā huahana mai kēia lāʻau i nā hopena mechanical a climatic a hoʻopaʻa i ko lākou ʻano i ka wā o ka hana holoʻokoʻa.
ʻAʻole mālama maikaʻi kēia lāʻau i kahi wela a hiki iā ia ke hōʻiliʻili a hōʻiliʻili iā ia. ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka hale lāʻau me nā mea like e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomehana i ka hale i ka hoʻoilo a hoʻoilo i ke kauwela.
E makaʻala! I ka wā ma mua, e like me nā mamo, nā poʻe noho ma nā wahi kahi larch he specimen ʻokoʻa loa ia e huli ai i nā kumulāʻau i nā ululāʻau e ninini ai i nā moʻi i ka hāʻule, a ʻokiʻoki iā lākou a lawe mai iā lākou i kā lākou pā hale e kūkulu hale. ʻO ka lāʻau no ke kūkulu ʻana i hana ʻia i mau makahiki he nui. Pēlā nō i hoʻoilina wale ʻia o nā hanauna he nui i kūkulu i kahi hale larch.
Ma waho aʻe o ke kū'ē i ka pala, nā ahi a me nā pōpoki, ikaika a me ka nani, larch he mau mea hōʻola. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kanu, nā antioxidants a me ka phytoncides i ka lāʻau kahi hopena maikaʻi i ke kino o ke kanaka. ʻO kahi hale i kūkulu ʻia i kahi lāʻau o kēia ʻano e mālama i ke olakino a hoʻopau i ka momona o kēlā me kēia lā a me ke kaumaha o ke awā i ke kūlanakauhale. ʻOiai i nā makahiki he nui ma hope o ka hana ʻana, ʻaʻole e nalowale nā lāʻau i nā mea e ola ai.
Nui! Ma kēia hihia, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka larch Siberian wale nō, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻano Europa ma kā lākou mau waiwai i ka pine a ʻaʻole pili i nā mea waiwai nui.
Papa Pine
ʻO nā mea hemaʻole o ka larch, e like me kahi ʻenehana hale, ʻo ia kona kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe a me nā hoʻokaʻawale ʻana. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i kā mākaʻi mai Siberia, ʻaʻole hiki i ka lawaiʻa me nā kahe, ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻenehana hana a me ke ʻano he hale leʻaleʻa.
ʻAʻole lāʻau koʻikoʻi wale ʻo Larch, akā he mea pohihihi. ʻO kekahi o kāna mau pohihihi ua hoʻopau ʻia, akā i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe i uhi ʻia ma ka ʻike. I ka wā kahiko, no ka nui o nā ʻohana, he ʻano hoʻomana kēia lāʻau. A i kēia lā ua ʻike ʻia he hōʻailona iā Lūkia. Akā ʻaʻole wale ka mōʻaukala a me nā kaʻina moʻolelo i mea ole. Ua ʻike nā ʻepekema i ke ulu ʻana o ka lāʻau o ka lāʻau i lalo i nā makahiki he nui. Ka mea, ua huli i nā pūʻulu larch e noho ana i ka wahi kokoke i ke kumu o ka lāʻau i waiho ʻia i kahi pūnaehana kumu. No laila, ʻo nā manaʻo maikaʻi loa o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni "Avatar" e pili ana i ka "Pūnaewele" maoli.
E makaʻala! Nui nā makahiki, papaki piha ka wahi o ka ʻoki i ka lāʻau, pale i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe mai ka maʻi, a ma ka manawa like, ke ola nei ka ʻōpala i nā makahiki he nui ma muli o ka kīnā maʻamau o nā ʻano aʻa piha.
Ma muli o ka nui o ka nui o ka photosynthesis, larch kahi ʻano ulu lāʻau. Mahalo i kēia waiwai, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka pilikia o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ke kūlanakauhale i kēia wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka ʻike o Yekaterinburg ke hōʻoia nei ua lilo kēia lāʻau i ke koho maikaʻi loa no nā alanui ʻo gassed. Akā ʻaʻole kēia nā mea pohihihi a pau. Ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā massif larch a me ka ʻike manu ʻana o kā lākou lāʻau, hiki i nā ʻepekema ke hoʻoholo me ka ʻokiʻoki kiʻekiʻe loa i ka wahi o ka puka ʻana o nā paipu kimberlite a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea hoʻonaninani. Ma kēia ala, ua ʻike ʻia kahi waihona daimana ma Yakutia.
Ma luna o ka mōʻaukala āpau o ke kanaka, ka nui o nā ʻoiaʻiʻo, nā mea i loaʻa a me nā kaʻao i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e haʻi ana e pili ana i ka larch, e pili ana i kahi lāʻau kupaianaha o nā Honu Hemolele e loaʻa i nā ʻokoʻa a me nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā. Ma mua o 20 mau ʻano pili i kēia ʻano, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana iā ia wale nō ma ke kūkulu ʻana, akā nō hoʻi i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka māla, ka ʻimi, ka lāʻau a me ka leʻaleʻa o nā ulu lāʻau larch.
